CN109750151B - Three-dimensional laser shock peening device - Google Patents
Three-dimensional laser shock peening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109750151B CN109750151B CN201910131760.9A CN201910131760A CN109750151B CN 109750151 B CN109750151 B CN 109750151B CN 201910131760 A CN201910131760 A CN 201910131760A CN 109750151 B CN109750151 B CN 109750151B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a laser shock peening technology, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional laser shock peening device. Fixing a workpiece to be impacted on a workbench with a clamp; the camera scans the workpiece into a three-dimensional model and inputs the three-dimensional model into a computer; marking on the obtained model, transmitting a signal to a stepping motor, driving a light path adjusting device to a specified position, and starting a laser; and completing the surface impact strengthening of the workpiece along the calculated path. The telescopic lens of the light path adjusting device can realize the adjustment of the propagation path of the light path in a certain direction. The invention can realize the impact strengthening treatment on a plurality of surfaces of workpieces with different sizes or complex working surfaces, so the invention has wide applicability. As the whole process only needs one clamping, the clamping times of the workpiece are effectively reduced, and the laser impact efficiency is improved. And because the three-dimensional scanning technology is adopted, the design of part of complex fixtures can be reduced, and the processing cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a laser shock peening technology, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional laser shock peening device.
Background
The Laser Shock Peening (LSP) technology is to use pulsed Laser with high energy density and short pulse width to impact a material, generate plasma on the surface of the material, generate GPa-level shock wave to act on the surface of the material and propagate the GPa-level shock wave to the inside, so that plastic deformation and dislocation structures are generated in a certain area on the surface of the material, and residual compressive stress is formed, thereby improving the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of parts. At present, the laser shock peening technology is widely applied to the fields of aviation, ships, mechanical engineering and the like, and is particularly used for anti-fatigue treatment of blades of aero-engines.
The device used in the early research process of the laser shock peening technology is mostly single-point, that is, the laser beam emitted by the laser 1 is a fixed point, and the target workpiece is moved in a single direction under the action of a transmission device or a mechanical arm to change the shock point, for example, as shown in the device with the application number of 201810794745.8, the device is mostly used for single-plane shock peening of the workpiece, and the shock effect on the workpiece with complex surface working conditions is not very good. With the progress of research, the device widely adopted at present utilizes a high-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm to clamp a workpiece, and utilizes the flexible rotation of the mechanical arm to realize the impact strengthening of the workpiece in multiple aspects. However, due to the design limitation of the mechanical arm, all parts of the workpiece can not be irradiated with laser. Furthermore, the load-bearing capacity of the robot arm is limited, and the device cannot be used for parts with larger volume or workpieces with heavier weight. In addition, because the two devices need to move the workpiece, corresponding fixing clamps must be designed for the workpiece, and the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional laser shock peening apparatus.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a three-dimensional laser shock peening device, the peening device includes laser instrument, focusing lens, its characterized in that: the device is also provided with a support frame, a stepping motor, a conveyor belt, a long slide block, a first slide rail, a short slide block, a second slide rail, a telescopic lens, a reflector, a camera slide rail, a camera slide block, a clamp, a workbench and a micro stepping motor; the light path adjusting device consists of three telescopic lenses and three reflectors in three XYZ directions; the laser and the focusing lens are used for providing a powerful laser beam required by impact strengthening, and the laser beam focused by the focusing lens is coaxial with the hole at the head end of the telescopic lens in the X direction; the workbench is positioned in the center of the strengthening device, a clamp for fixing a workpiece is arranged on the workbench, four support frames are erected around the workbench respectively, and the support frames are in a square layout; the supporting frame is provided with a camera slide rail on one side facing the four corners of the workbench, a camera slide block is arranged on the camera slide rail, and the camera is fixed on the camera slide block. Two first sliding rails which are symmetrical relative to the workbench are arranged above the supporting frame, two ends of the long sliding block are arranged on the first sliding rails, and a stepping motor is arranged at the tail end of each first sliding rail and used for driving a conveyor belt connected with the long sliding block; and a second slide rail is arranged on the long slide block, the short slide block is arranged on the second slide rail, and a stepping motor is arranged at the tail end of the second slide rail and used for driving a conveyor belt connected with the short slide block.
The light path adjusting device consists of three telescopic lenses in XYZ three directions and three reflectors, and changes a laser route by using the driving of a conveyor belt and the reflection principle of a plane mirror so that a laser beam irradiates a target area; the head end of the telescopic lens in the X direction is fixed on the supporting frame, the tail end of the telescopic lens in the X direction is fixed on the side face of the long slide block, and the long slide block is driven by the conveyor belt to move on the first slide rail, so that the telescopic lens in the X direction is driven to extend or contract; the head end of the telescopic lens in the Y direction is fixed on the side surface of the long slide block, the tail end of the telescopic lens in the Y direction is fixed on the short slide block, and the short slide block is driven by the conveyor belt to move on the second slide rail, so that the telescopic lens in the Y direction is driven to extend or contract; the head end of the telescopic lens in the Z direction is fixed on the short slide block and is directly driven by a stepping motor arranged in the telescopic lens in the Z direction to drive the telescopic lens in the Z direction to extend or contract; a built-in 45-degree reflector is respectively arranged at the corner where the telescopic lens in the X direction is connected with the telescopic lens in the Y direction and the corner where the telescopic lens in the Y direction is connected with the telescopic lens in the Z direction. The end of the optical path adjusting device in the Z direction is provided with a reflector and two micro stepping motors, and the two micro stepping motors are respectively responsible for the rotation of the reflector at the end around the Z direction and the angle adjustment of the reflector.
The supporting frame is a cylinder with a triangular cross section, one side face of the supporting frame is opposite to the long edge of the workbench, and the central line of the side face is coplanar with the long edge of the workbench.
The camera slide rail is positioned on the central line of the side surface.
The specific steps of performing laser shock peening by using the peening device are as follows:
1) fixing a workpiece to be impacted on a workbench with a clamp;
2) the camera scans the workpiece into a three-dimensional model and inputs the three-dimensional model into a computer;
3) marking on the obtained model, transmitting a signal to a stepping motor, driving a light path adjusting device to a specified position, and starting a laser;
4) and completing the surface impact strengthening of the workpiece along the calculated path.
In step 3), the specific step of transmitting the signal to the stepping motor to drive the optical path adjusting device to the designated position includes:
the stepping motor drives the conveyor belt to move, the conveyor belt is connected with the long sliding block, so that the long sliding block moves to an appointed position on the first slide rail according to an appointed direction, the long sliding block is connected with the telescopic lens in the X direction, and the telescopic lens also stretches along with the long sliding block to change the light path length of a light path in the X direction when the long sliding block moves; similarly, the short slide block is connected with the telescopic lens in the Y direction, and the telescopic lens in the Y direction can also stretch along with the short slide block to change the light path length of the light path in the Y direction when the short slide block moves, so that the short slide block reaches a specified position; the Z-direction telescopic lens is directly driven to a specified position by a built-in stepping motor; the micro stepping motor starts to work, so that the reflecting mirror rotates to a specified position around the Z direction or/and the angle of the reflecting mirror is adjusted, and the laser beam is projected to a specified position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the telescopic lens can realize the adjustment of a propagation path of a light path in a certain direction.
2) The invention can realize the impact strengthening treatment on a plurality of surfaces of workpieces with different sizes or complex working surfaces, so the invention has wide applicability.
3) As the whole process only needs one clamping, the clamping times of the workpiece are effectively reduced, and the laser impact efficiency is improved. And because the three-dimensional scanning technology is adopted, the design of part of complex fixtures can be reduced, and the processing cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the examples or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 shows a laser shock peening apparatus which is currently widely used.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a circular tube workpiece according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is an overall schematic view of a novel three-dimensional laser shock peening apparatus according to an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a light path adjusting device in the novel three-dimensional laser shock peening apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein: the system comprises a laser 1, a focusing lens 2, a support frame 3, a stepping motor 4, a conveyor belt 5, a long slide block 6, a first slide rail 7, a short slide block 8, a second slide rail 9, a telescopic lens 10, a camera slide rail 11, a camera 12, a camera slide block 13, a clamp 14, a workbench 15, a micro stepping motor 16, a reflector 17 and a mechanical arm 18.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to a novel three-dimensional laser shock peening device, which comprises a laser 1, a focusing lens 2, a support frame 3, a stepping motor 4, a conveyor belt 5, a long slide block 6, a first slide rail 7, a short slide block 8, a second slide rail 9, a telescopic lens 10, a camera slide rail 11, a camera 12, a camera slide block 13, a clamp 14, a workbench 15, a micro stepping motor 16 and a reflector 17, as shown in figure 2.
The specific application method of the invention is as follows (taking a round pipe workpiece which is difficult to process in one time by a traditional device as an example, A, B surfaces are to be processed):
1. preparation work before laser shock was performed: the clamp 14 is mounted on a worktable 15, and the round pipe workpiece to be impacted is fixed on the worktable 15 by the clamp 14 before the whole impact begins.
2. Initializing the impact device: the stepping motor 4 drives the conveyor belt 5 to move, the conveyor belt 5 is bound with the long sliding block 6, the long sliding block 6 moves to an appointed position on the first sliding rail 7 according to an appointed direction, the long sliding block 6 is connected with the telescopic lens 10 in the X direction, and the telescopic lens 10 in the X direction can stretch along with the long sliding block 6 when the long sliding block 6 moves to change the length of a light path in the direction. Similarly, the short slider 8 is connected to the Y-directional retractable lens 10, and when the short slider 8 moves, the Y-directional retractable lens 10 also retracts to change the optical path length of the optical path in the direction, so that the optical path reaches a specified position. The Z-direction telescopic lens is directly driven to a specified position by a built-in stepping motor. Meanwhile, the micro stepping motor 16 starts to work, the angle of the reflector 17 is adjusted, the laser beam is projected to the appointed position, and the initialization of the whole device is completed.
3. Carrying out three-dimensional scanning work on the workpiece: starting the camera 12, adjusting the camera sliding block 13 to enable the camera 12 to move up and down along the camera sliding rail 11 to scan the workpiece from four different surfaces to obtain three-dimensional data, marking A, B areas to be machined on the two machining surfaces by using software, programming the areas to be machined on the machining surfaces, and performing simulation experiment to detect whether the areas to be machined are correct or not.
4. Carrying out A-surface laser shock peening treatment: starting the program, positioning the device, starting the laser 1, and completing the first point impact. Then the stepping motor 4 is started to drive the conveyer belt 5 to drive the telescopic lens 10 to move to a specified position, and the micro stepping motor 16 is started simultaneously to change the angle of the reflector 17. The process frequency is kept the same as the laser frequency and begins to strike the second spot. And continuously repeating to finish the impact strengthening work of the surface A.
5. B-surface laser shock peening treatment is carried out: after the surface A is finished, the Z-direction telescopic lens 10 is retracted under the driving of the built-in stepping motor, the stepping motor 4 is started, the driving conveyor belt 5 drives the X-direction telescopic lens 10 and the Y-direction telescopic lens 10 to move to the designated positions, the Z-direction telescopic lens 10 is extended to the designated positions under the driving of the built-in stepping motor, the micro stepping motor 16 is started simultaneously, and the angle of the reflector 17 is adjusted, so that the ejected laser beam is aligned to the first point to be impacted of the surface B. The laser 1 is started and starts the first spot impact operation. After the process is finished, the stepping motor 4 is started, the driving conveyor belt 5 drives the telescopic lens 10 in the X direction and the Y direction to move to the designated position, the micro stepping motor 16 is started simultaneously, the angle of the reflector 17 is changed, the process frequency is consistent with the laser frequency, and the impact of the next point position is started. And continuously repeating to finish the impact strengthening work on the surface B.
6. And (3) carrying out impact finishing work: the laser 1 is turned off, the device is zeroed, and the workpiece is removed.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional laser shock peening device, the peening device includes laser instrument, focusing lens, its characterized in that: the device is also provided with a support frame, a stepping motor, a conveyor belt, a long slide block, a first slide rail, a short slide block, a second slide rail, a telescopic lens, a reflector, a camera slide rail, a camera slide block, a clamp, a workbench and a micro stepping motor; the light path adjusting device consists of three telescopic lenses and three reflectors in three XYZ directions; the laser and the focusing lens are used for providing a powerful laser beam required by impact strengthening, and the laser beam focused by the focusing lens is coaxial with the hole at the head end of the telescopic lens in the X direction; the workbench is positioned in the center of the strengthening device, a clamp for fixing a workpiece is arranged on the workbench, four support frames are erected around the workbench respectively, and the support frames are in a square layout; a camera slide rail is arranged on one side of the support frame, which faces the four corners of the workbench, a camera slide block is arranged on the camera slide rail, and the camera is fixed on the camera slide block; two first sliding rails which are symmetrical relative to the workbench are arranged above the supporting frame, two ends of the long sliding block are arranged on the first sliding rails, and a stepping motor is arranged at the tail end of each first sliding rail and used for driving a conveyor belt connected with the long sliding block; a second slide rail is arranged on the long slide block, the short slide block is arranged on the second slide rail, and a stepping motor is arranged at the tail end of the second slide rail and used for driving a conveyor belt connected with the short slide block;
the light path adjusting device consists of three telescopic lenses in XYZ three directions and three reflectors, and changes a laser route by using the driving of a conveyor belt and the reflection principle of a plane mirror so that a laser beam irradiates a target area; the head end of the telescopic lens in the X direction is fixed on the supporting frame, the tail end of the telescopic lens in the X direction is fixed on the side face of the long slide block, and the long slide block is driven by the conveyor belt to move on the first slide rail, so that the telescopic lens in the X direction is driven to extend or contract; the head end of the telescopic lens in the Y direction is fixed on the side surface of the long slide block, the tail end of the telescopic lens in the Y direction is fixed on the short slide block, and the short slide block is driven by the conveyor belt to move on the second slide rail, so that the telescopic lens in the Y direction is driven to extend or contract; the head end of the telescopic lens in the Z direction is fixed on the short slide block and is directly driven by a stepping motor arranged in the telescopic lens in the Z direction to drive the telescopic lens in the Z direction to extend or contract; a built-in 45-degree reflector is respectively arranged at the corner where the telescopic lens in the X direction is connected with the telescopic lens in the Y direction and the corner where the telescopic lens in the Y direction is connected with the telescopic lens in the Z direction; the end of the optical path adjusting device in the Z direction is provided with a reflector and two micro stepping motors, and the two micro stepping motors are respectively responsible for the rotation of the reflector at the end around the Z direction and the angle adjustment of the reflector.
2. The three-dimensional laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame is a cylinder with a triangular cross section, one side face of the supporting frame is opposite to the long edge of the workbench, and the central line of the side face is coplanar with the long edge of the workbench.
3. The three-dimensional laser shock peening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the camera slide rail is positioned on the central line of the supporting frame facing the side surfaces of the four corners of the workbench.
4. The method for performing laser shock peening by using the peening device of claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) fixing a workpiece to be impacted on a workbench with a clamp;
2) the camera scans the workpiece into a three-dimensional model and inputs the three-dimensional model into a computer;
3) marking on the obtained model, transmitting a signal to a stepping motor, driving a light path adjusting device to a specified position, and starting a laser;
4) and completing the surface impact strengthening of the workpiece along the calculated path.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step of transmitting the signal to the stepping motor to drive the optical path adjusting device to the designated position in step 3) comprises the following steps: the stepping motor drives the conveyor belt to move, the conveyor belt is connected with the long sliding block, so that the long sliding block moves to an appointed position on the first slide rail according to an appointed direction, the long sliding block is connected with the telescopic lens in the X direction, and the telescopic lens also stretches along with the long sliding block to change the light path length of a light path in the X direction when the long sliding block moves; similarly, the short slide block is connected with the telescopic lens in the Y direction, and the telescopic lens in the Y direction can also stretch along with the short slide block to change the light path length of the light path in the Y direction when the short slide block moves, so that the short slide block reaches a specified position; the Z-direction telescopic lens is directly driven to a specified position by a built-in stepping motor; the micro stepping motor starts to work, so that the reflecting mirror rotates to a specified position around the Z direction or/and the angle of the reflecting mirror is adjusted, and the laser beam is projected to a specified position.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step frequency of the stepper motor corresponds to the shock peening operating frequency of the laser.
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| CN201910131760.9A CN109750151B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Three-dimensional laser shock peening device |
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| CN110699539A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江泰好科技股份有限公司 | Part right angle department laser shock device |
| CN113070577A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Laser shock strengthening device and method for welding seam part of aerospace propellant storage tank |
| CN114248004A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-03-29 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Rotary scanning type laser shock peening device and method |
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| JP5254761B2 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-08-07 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Laser processing equipment |
| CN103146893B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Method for treating curved surface through laser shock |
| CN105907941B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-01-16 | 江苏大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of underwater laser shock peening revolving body parts surface |
| CN206936633U (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-01-30 | 深圳市哈德胜精密科技股份有限公司 | A kind of laser optical path adjusting means and laser die cutting machine |
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