CN109744785B - Intelligent self-adaptive mattress based on flexible pressure sensor array - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于智能家居中的智能床垫领域，尤其是涉及一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫。The invention belongs to the field of smart mattresses in smart homes, and in particular relates to an intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array.
背景技术Background technique
目前智能床垫领域已有多种相关产品及构想，其中多数可以提供若干和用户身体状态相关指标的测量，如心率，睡姿等，但是不具备反馈的功能。用户即使能够知道自身的睡眠状态，也无法有效地进行调整。其主要原因在于，检测相关参数的传感器是刚性的，如果床垫通过主动改变形状，来使用户处于更健康的睡眠姿态，将会使传感器也变形失效。由于未使用柔性电子技术，这些床垫使用的传感器往往阵列密度不高，只能粗略地检测床垫表面某几个点的压力大小等参数。There are currently a variety of related products and concepts in the field of smart mattresses, most of which can provide measurements of several indicators related to the user's physical status, such as heart rate, sleeping posture, etc., but do not have feedback functions. Even if users can know their own sleep status, they cannot effectively adjust it. The main reason is that the sensors that detect relevant parameters are rigid. If the mattress actively changes its shape to put the user in a healthier sleeping posture, the sensor will also deform and fail. Since flexible electronic technology is not used, the sensors used in these mattresses often have low array density and can only roughly detect the pressure and other parameters at certain points on the mattress surface.
现有的部分智能床垫具备反馈的功能，但其改变的是床垫上表面的软硬度，而非床垫的上表面形状。如公开号为CN108185723A的中国专利文献公开了一种智能床垫，包括床垫本体，所述床垫本体的四周为包覆层，所述包覆层内部设置有床垫芯，其特征在于，所述床垫本体的前部设置有枕部，所述枕部内部设置有睡眠监测装置，所述包覆层的内壁上侧与床垫芯之间为从上往下依次设有检测层和加热层，所述检测层包括分别位于下部的薄膜温度传感器和上部的薄膜压力传感器，所述加热层下部设置有多个等距排布的气囊，所述每个气囊的一端均连接有一根软管，所述软管均穿过床垫本体上的开孔并延伸至控制箱内，所述控制箱内部设置有气泵和控制器。Some existing smart mattresses have feedback functions, but they change the softness and hardness of the upper surface of the mattress rather than the shape of the upper surface of the mattress. For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN108185723A discloses a smart mattress, which includes a mattress body. The mattress body is surrounded by a covering layer, and a mattress core is provided inside the covering layer. It is characterized by: The front part of the mattress body is provided with a pillow part, and a sleep monitoring device is provided inside the pillow part. Between the upper side of the inner wall of the covering layer and the mattress core, a detection layer and a detection layer are provided in sequence from top to bottom. Heating layer, the detection layer includes a film temperature sensor located at the lower part and a film pressure sensor located at the upper part respectively. The lower part of the heating layer is provided with a plurality of equidistantly arranged air bags, and one end of each air bag is connected to a soft tube. The hoses pass through the openings on the mattress body and extend into the control box, and the control box is equipped with an air pump and a controller inside.
上述智能床垫具有温湿度调控和调整床垫软硬度的特点，这样的调整无法按需改变床垫表面的压力分布，所以无法使用户恢复健康的睡眠姿态。同时，床垫也无法实现更多的高级功能，例如按摩和叫醒等。The above-mentioned smart mattress has the characteristics of regulating temperature and humidity and adjusting the softness and hardness of the mattress. Such adjustment cannot change the pressure distribution on the surface of the mattress as needed, so it cannot restore the user to a healthy sleeping posture. At the same time, the mattress cannot implement more advanced functions, such as massage and wake-up.
另外，部分智能床垫不具有有效的检测功能，只能够在用户的控制下整体改变形状。其形状改变没有数据支撑，盲目而无法起到改善睡眠的效果。In addition, some smart mattresses do not have effective detection functions and can only change their overall shape under the control of the user. There is no data support for its shape change, and it is blind and unable to improve sleep.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫，可以实时监测自身表面压力分布情况，并据此改变自身表面形状，使用户在任意睡姿下都能保持健康的全身压力分布。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array, which can monitor the pressure distribution on its own surface in real time and change its surface shape accordingly, so that the user can maintain a healthy whole body in any sleeping position. pressure distribution.
一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫，包括：An intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array, including:
传感层，由柔性压力传感器阵列组成，用于实时检测其上表面各部分的压力信号；The sensing layer is composed of a flexible pressure sensor array and is used to detect the pressure signals of each part of its upper surface in real time;
支撑层，设置在所述传感层的上表面，用于支撑人体；A support layer is provided on the upper surface of the sensing layer and is used to support the human body;
执行层，设置在所述传感层的下表面，用于调整传感层和支撑层的形状；An execution layer is provided on the lower surface of the sensing layer and is used to adjust the shape of the sensing layer and the support layer;
控制器，分别与传感层和执行层连接，控制传感层实时监测上表面压力分布信号，并根据压力分布信号控制执行层变形。The controller is connected to the sensing layer and the execution layer respectively, controls the sensing layer to monitor the upper surface pressure distribution signal in real time, and controls the deformation of the execution layer according to the pressure distribution signal.
本发明分为三个功能层，通过传感层实时监测上表面压力分布情况，通过执行层控制床垫表面形状的变化和维持，通过支撑层支撑人体。The invention is divided into three functional layers. It monitors the pressure distribution on the upper surface in real time through the sensing layer, controls the change and maintenance of the surface shape of the mattress through the execution layer, and supports the human body through the support layer.
所述的柔性压力传感器阵列包括两层柔性基底薄膜以及交叉叠合设置在两层柔性基底薄膜之间的两层导线，每层导线分别由若干根并行排列的导线组成，每个交叉点处设有一个压力敏感单元，其中一层导线连接有带多路复用器的扫描电路，另一层的导线连接信号采集装置。The flexible pressure sensor array includes two layers of flexible base films and two layers of wires that are criss-crossed between the two layers of flexible base films. Each layer of wires is composed of several wires arranged in parallel. Each intersection point is provided with There is a pressure sensitive unit, one layer of wires is connected to the scanning circuit with a multiplexer, and the other layer of wires is connected to the signal acquisition device.
扫描电路每次选通一条导线的所有压力敏感单元，通过控制器控制高频切换依次选通一层所有导线。床垫变形时传感层也会变形，但由于传感层具有一定柔性，其压力敏感单元的压阻性能不会因此改变。The scanning circuit gates all pressure-sensitive units of one wire at a time, and controls high-frequency switching through the controller to sequentially gate all wires on a layer. When the mattress deforms, the sensing layer will also deform, but because the sensing layer has a certain degree of flexibility, the piezoresistive performance of its pressure-sensitive unit will not change.
传感层可通过压力敏感单元的电阻值变化、电容值变化、压电效应产生的电压值中的一种或多种来检测压力变化。由于室内环境智能调控系统的普遍应用及持续发展，本床垫的使用过程中默认不包含被褥等物品。The sensing layer can detect pressure changes through one or more of changes in resistance value of the pressure sensitive unit, changes in capacitance value, and voltage value generated by the piezoelectric effect. Due to the widespread application and continuous development of indoor environment intelligent control systems, bedding and other items are not included in the use of this mattress by default.
所述的两层柔性基底薄膜的材料为PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)。所述的导线和压力敏感单元都是金属材料，通过物理或化学沉积的方法镀膜在PDMS薄膜上。The material of the two-layer flexible base film is PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). The wires and pressure-sensitive units are made of metal materials and are coated on the PDMS film through physical or chemical deposition.
作为优选，所述的两层导线均为蛇形走线，从而在形变过程中减小拉伸对电学性能的影响，防止导线在传感层形变中被拉断。Preferably, the two layers of wires are all snake-shaped, thereby reducing the impact of stretching on the electrical performance during the deformation process and preventing the wires from being pulled off during the deformation of the sensing layer.
作为优选，所述的两层柔性基底薄膜为刚度图形化基底，不同区域的薄膜刚度不同，可实现拉伸应变的隔离，提高传感层的可拉伸性能。Preferably, the two-layer flexible base film is a rigid patterned base, and the films in different areas have different stiffnesses, which can achieve isolation of tensile strain and improve the stretchability of the sensing layer.
所述支撑层的材料为柔软的硅胶，具有一定厚度，能够保证床垫表面形状过渡的平滑性以及床垫与用户的柔软安全接触，同时确保了床垫表面的变形性能。The material of the support layer is soft silicone with a certain thickness, which can ensure the smoothness of the shape transition of the mattress surface and the soft and safe contact between the mattress and the user, while ensuring the deformation performance of the mattress surface.
所述的执行层为气囊式气缸阵列，所述气囊式气缸阵列通过网孔状支架固定，每个气缸分别外接气泵，由所述控制器单独控制每个气缸的伸缩，并支撑其上的重物。The execution layer is an airbag cylinder array, which is fixed through a mesh bracket. Each cylinder is connected to an external air pump. The controller controls the expansion and contraction of each cylinder individually and supports the weight on it. things.
所述控制器上设有中控芯片，所述传感层将压力分布的模拟信号转换为数字信号后传输给中控芯片，中控芯片调用经神经网络训练后的程序，根据压力分布得出此时使用者的睡姿，区分头部，胸部，腰部等区域，并将压力分布与该睡姿下的理想压力分布进行分析对比，计算出气缸行程差值，并通过控制器控制气缸伸缩。The controller is equipped with a central control chip. The sensing layer converts the analog signal of the pressure distribution into a digital signal and then transmits it to the central control chip. The central control chip calls the program trained by the neural network and obtains the result according to the pressure distribution. At this time, the user's sleeping position is distinguished between the head, chest, waist and other areas, and the pressure distribution is analyzed and compared with the ideal pressure distribution in this sleeping position, the cylinder stroke difference is calculated, and the cylinder expansion and contraction is controlled by the controller.
作为优选，上述中控芯片可由无线方案替代。所述控制器上设有无线传输装置，所述无线传输装置与移动设备连接通信，所述传感层将压力分布的模拟信号转换为数字信号后通过无线传输装置传输给移动设备，移动设备调用经神经网络训练后的程序，根据压力分布得出此时使用者的睡姿，并将压力分布与该睡姿下的理想压力分布进行分析对比，计算出气缸行程差值，并通过控制器控制气缸伸缩。Preferably, the above-mentioned central control chip can be replaced by a wireless solution. The controller is provided with a wireless transmission device. The wireless transmission device communicates with the mobile device. The sensing layer converts the analog signal of the pressure distribution into a digital signal and then transmits it to the mobile device through the wireless transmission device. The mobile device calls The program trained by the neural network determines the user's sleeping position at this time based on the pressure distribution, analyzes and compares the pressure distribution with the ideal pressure distribution in this sleeping position, calculates the cylinder stroke difference, and controls it through the controller Cylinder telescopic.
作为优选，所述的气泵为外部包裹隔音材料的超静音气泵，所述超静音气泵通过加长气路设置在远离床垫的位置，从而在最大程度上减小气泵的声音，不影响用户睡眠。Preferably, the air pump is an ultra-quiet air pump wrapped with sound insulation material. The ultra-quiet air pump is arranged away from the mattress by extending the air path, thereby reducing the sound of the air pump to the greatest extent and not affecting the user's sleep.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明的智能自适应床垫具有密度更高的测量单元，可以以更高的分辨率测量床垫表面压力分布。1. The intelligent adaptive mattress of the present invention has a higher density measurement unit and can measure the pressure distribution on the mattress surface with higher resolution.
2、本发明的智能自适应床垫在变形后仍可以准确地测量床垫表面压力分布。2. The intelligent adaptive mattress of the present invention can still accurately measure the pressure distribution on the mattress surface after deformation.
3、本发明的智能自适应床垫可以以用户睡姿和床垫表面压力分布数据为依据，科学而精确地控制床垫表面形状，并提供实时反馈。3. The intelligent adaptive mattress of the present invention can scientifically and accurately control the shape of the mattress surface based on the user's sleeping posture and mattress surface pressure distribution data, and provide real-time feedback.
4、本发明的智能自适应床垫具有高度的功能可定制性，传感层和执行层可独立于彼此，单独被外接程序控制。开放外接程序权限后，潜在应用场景不可估量。例如，可帮助身体不便者精细调整身体姿势以进行手术、排泄等动作，也可实现多种形式的按摩、叫醒、床沿跌落保护等功能。4. The intelligent adaptive mattress of the present invention has a high degree of functional customizability. The sensing layer and the execution layer can be independent of each other and independently controlled by external programs. After opening the add-in program permissions, the potential application scenarios are immeasurable. For example, it can help people with physical disabilities finely adjust their body posture to perform operations, excretion and other actions, and can also realize various forms of massage, wake-up, bed edge fall protection and other functions.
5、本发明不同于传统床垫，不需要枕头和被褥等多余物品。枕头作为一种调节人体背部压力分布的古老方式，只能在床垫的固定位置提供固定高度的支撑。而在集成了传感层和可改变床垫形状的执行层的本床垫上，人的头部所到之处会自动抬升，形成类似枕的结构。落枕等问题将不复存在。5. The present invention is different from traditional mattresses in that it does not require extra items such as pillows and bedding. As an ancient way to adjust the pressure distribution on the human back, pillows can only provide a fixed height of support at a fixed position on the mattress. On this mattress, which integrates a sensing layer and an execution layer that can change the shape of the mattress, wherever the person's head goes, it will automatically lift to form a pillow-like structure. Problems such as stiff neck will no longer exist.
6、本发明所采集的使用者睡眠数据以及预先采集的使用者其他信息，可被匿名收集，并供现代医疗大数据研究使用。6. The user's sleep data collected by the present invention and other user information collected in advance can be collected anonymously and used for modern medical big data research.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫的整体结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array according to the present invention;
图2为本发明一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫的传感层结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sensing layer structure of an intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述，需要指出的是，以下所述实施例旨在便于对本发明的理解，而对其不起任何限定作用。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the following examples are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not limit it in any way.
如图1所示，一种基于柔性压力传感器阵列的智能自适应床垫，包括支撑层1、传感层2、执行层3和床垫底座5。As shown in Figure 1, an intelligent adaptive mattress based on a flexible pressure sensor array includes a support layer 1, a sensing layer 2, an execution layer 3 and a mattress base 5.
支撑层1设置在传感层2的上表面，厚度可根据需要设置，更厚的支撑层1会使床垫的形状改变更为缓和。执行层3设置在传感层2的下表面，执行层3为气囊式气缸阵列，通过网孔状支架4固定。床垫底座5位于最底层，厚度较厚，类似于普通床垫，用于支撑和保护内部结构。The support layer 1 is provided on the upper surface of the sensing layer 2, and the thickness can be set as needed. A thicker support layer 1 will make the shape change of the mattress more gentle. The execution layer 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the sensing layer 2. The execution layer 3 is an airbag cylinder array and is fixed through a mesh bracket 4. The mattress base 5 is located at the bottom layer, has a thicker thickness, is similar to an ordinary mattress, and is used to support and protect the internal structure.
传感层2的结构如图2所示，整体为两层柔性基底薄膜20，本实施例中，柔性基底薄膜20的材料为PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)，上层柔性基底薄膜上设有若干条上层导线11，下层柔性基底薄膜上设有若干条下层导线16。上层导线11和下层导线16交叉叠合，每个交点设有一个压力敏感单元15。导线和压力敏感单元15都是金属材料，通过物理或化学沉积的方法镀膜在PDMS的柔性基底薄膜20上。The structure of the sensing layer 2 is shown in Figure 2. It is composed of two layers of flexible base films 20. In this embodiment, the material of the flexible base film 20 is PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), and the upper flexible base film is provided with There are several upper conductors 11, and several lower conductors 16 are provided on the lower flexible base film. The upper conductor 11 and the lower conductor 16 are overlapped and crossed, and a pressure sensitive unit 15 is provided at each intersection. The wires and the pressure sensitive unit 15 are both metal materials and are coated on the flexible base film 20 of PDMS by physical or chemical deposition.
上层导线11外接带有多路复用器14的扫描电路，多路复用器14连接控制器13，由供电组件12进行供电。下层导线16外接信号采集装置17，每根下层导线16在接入信号采集装置17之前都经过反馈电阻18和放大器19的信号放大处理。The upper wire 11 is externally connected to a scanning circuit with a multiplexer 14 . The multiplexer 14 is connected to the controller 13 and is powered by the power supply component 12 . The lower wires 16 are externally connected to the signal acquisition device 17 , and each lower wire 16 undergoes signal amplification processing by the feedback resistor 18 and the amplifier 19 before being connected to the signal acquisition device 17 .
控制器13还与执行层3连接，执行层3的每个气缸分别外接气泵，每个气缸均单独设有电磁换向阀，控制器13一方面可以控制传感层2实时监测上表面压力分布信号，另一方面可以控制电磁换向阀使气缸伸缩。The controller 13 is also connected to the execution layer 3. Each cylinder of the execution layer 3 is connected to an external air pump. Each cylinder is independently equipped with an electromagnetic reversing valve. On the one hand, the controller 13 can control the sensing layer 2 to monitor the upper surface pressure distribution in real time. The signal, on the other hand, can control the electromagnetic reversing valve to make the cylinder expand and contract.
本实施例中，控制器13上还设有蓝牙传输模块，使床垫与用户的个人电脑或智能手机进行通信，利用外部设备的运算装置处理信号，给出指令。即在使用过程中，传感层2将接收到的每个部位的模拟信号转换为数字信号，通过蓝牙传输给用户的个人电脑或智能手机，个人电脑或智能手机调用经神经网络训练后的程序，根据压力分布得出此时使用者的睡姿，并将压力分布与该睡姿下的理想压力分布进行分析比对，给出气缸行程差值，并通过控制器13控制气缸的电磁换向阀，控制每个电磁换向阀的充气与放气，从而达到控制气缸伸缩的效果，实现改变床垫形状，使其持续为身体每个部分提供最佳压力。通过循环上述过程，实现功能。In this embodiment, the controller 13 is also provided with a Bluetooth transmission module, which allows the mattress to communicate with the user's personal computer or smartphone, and uses the computing device of the external device to process the signal and give instructions. That is, during use, the sensing layer 2 converts the received analog signal of each part into a digital signal, and transmits it to the user's personal computer or smart phone through Bluetooth. The personal computer or smart phone calls the program trained by the neural network. , according to the pressure distribution, the user's sleeping position at this time is obtained, and the pressure distribution is analyzed and compared with the ideal pressure distribution in this sleeping position, the cylinder stroke difference is given, and the electromagnetic commutation of the cylinder is controlled through the controller 13 The valve controls the inflation and deflation of each electromagnetic reversing valve, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the expansion and contraction of the cylinder and changing the shape of the mattress so that it can continuously provide optimal pressure for each part of the body. By looping the above process, the function is realized.
本发明的智能自适应床垫，传感层2采用了拥有超高分辨率的大面积柔性压力传感器阵列，可实现人体睡姿的全方位无死角智能识别，同时配合执行层3调整床垫的形状，可以根据每个人的体型、睡姿进行实时自调节的智能床垫，合理的分布人体压力，减轻腰椎和颈椎负担，给人带来舒适放松的深度睡眠体验。In the intelligent adaptive mattress of the present invention, the sensing layer 2 adopts a large-area flexible pressure sensor array with ultra-high resolution, which can realize all-round intelligent recognition of human sleeping postures without blind spots. At the same time, it cooperates with the execution layer 3 to adjust the mattress. The shape of the smart mattress can be adjusted in real time according to each person's body shape and sleeping posture. It can reasonably distribute human body pressure, reduce the burden on the lumbar and cervical vertebrae, and bring people a comfortable and relaxing deep sleep experience.
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案和有益效果进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充和等同替换，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-described embodiments describe in detail the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above-mentioned are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, additions and equivalent substitutions should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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