CN109731943A - A kind of large heat exchanger over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of large heat exchanger over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large heat exchanger over-long U-shaped stainless steel tubes and its manufacturing method, are related to heat exchange equipment field, and chemical component and mass percent are as follows: C≤0.020%, Mn≤1.00%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.020%, Si≤0.80%, Cr:22.0%~23.0%, Mo:3.0%~3.5%, Ni:4.50%~6.50%, N:0.14%~0.20%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, has the advantages that effectively produce elongated heat exchanger tube required for heat exchanger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat exchange equipment field, more particularly to a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger and
Its manufacturing method.
Background technique
Stainless-steel pipe is a kind of hollow strip circular steel, is widely used mainly in petroleum, chemical industry, medical treatment, food, light
The industrial transportation pipe lines such as work, machinery instrument and machine structural parts etc..In addition, when bending, torsional strength are identical, weight compared with
Gently, so being also widely used in manufacture machine components and engineering structure.Also furniture kitchen tools etc. are commonly used for, as global economy is quick
Development, the research and development and use of domestic and international stainless dual phase steel U-tube also enter the high-speed developing period, and increasingly realize multi-field
It is widely used.
Currently, the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN104889705B discloses a kind of stainless steel tube production for heat exchanger
Method, it include round steel raw material-peeling-perforation-hollow forging-polishing-inspection-cold rolling-cold-drawn-deoil-anneal-
Pickling-finished product；The piercing temperature is 1100~1190 DEG C；The lubricating oil used when the cold-drawn is the stone of 35~45wt%
The machine oil mixture of wax and 55~65wt%；The annealing carries out stage by stage, and temperature is followed successively by 700~800 DEG C of first stage,
930~970 DEG C of two-stage, 1010~1050 DEG C of phase III, 1030~1080 DEG C of fourth stage, the 5th stage 1030~1080
DEG C, the fourth stage and the 5th stage are the total heat preservation of holding stage 6~10 minutes；The pickling uses nitration mixture pickling, mixes
Acid includes the hydrofluoric acid that proportion is 5~8wt% and the nitric acid of 10~15wt%, and pickling temperature is 40~60 DEG C.
Although manufactured stainless steel tube is suitable in heat exchanger this stainless steel tube production method for heat exchanger, at
Material rate is high, but generally requires multistage separate machined, installation, to be easy to cause the place of connection gap etc. occur, for changing
The environment of a cold heat is for a long time using easy situations such as being broken inside hot device.
In addition, pipe heat exchanger is easy to produce scale formation because of its special tubular structure, it is difficult to thoroughly cleaning.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of large heat exchanger over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube, chemistry
Ingredient and mass percent are as follows: C≤0.020%, Mn≤1.00%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.020%, Si≤0.80%,
Cr:22.0%~23.0%, Mo:3.0%~3.5%, Ni:4.50%~6.50%, N:0.14%~0.20%, surplus Fe
With inevitable impurity；
Including U-tube ontology, U-tube ontology one end is equipped with filtering section, is connected with filter in filtering section, the internal diameter for filtering section is big
In the internal diameter of U-tube ontology.
Technical effect: the steel pipe that the proportion manufactures can effectively increase whole integrality, and wherein manganese Mn is good
Deoxidier and desulfurizing agent.General in steel all to contain a certain amount of manganese, it can eliminate or weaken the hot-short of the steel due to caused by sulphur
Property, it is a certain amount of by adding since sulphur and phosphorus have bad one side for steel pipe so as to improve the hot-working character of steel
Mn can effectively eliminate above-mentioned influence, but be no more than 1% and otherwise can make the inhibition for promoting steel pipe, and silicon can be dissolved in
The hardness and strength of steel are improved in ferrite and austenite, chromium can increase the harden ability of steel and play the role of post-curing, can mention
The hardness and wearability of high-carbon steel are without making steel become fragile, and when content is more than 12%, steel are made to have good high-temperature oxidation resistance and resistance to
The effect of oxidizing corrosion also increases the heat resistance of steel, and chromium is the main alloy element of stainless steel acid resisting steel and heat resisting steel, and molybdenum exists
Harden ability and heat resistance can be improved in steel, prevents temper brittleness, increase remanent magnetism and coercivity and against corrosion in certain media
Property, nickel reinforced ferrite and refines pearlite in steel, and total effect is to improve intensity, and the influence to plasticity is not significant.Generally
Say that, to modifier treatment is not required in the mild steel that steel rolling, normalizing or annealed condition use, certain nickel content can improve steel in ground
Intensity is without significantly reducing its toughness, and according to statistics, intensity 29.4Pa about can be improved in the nickel of every increase by 1%.With the increasing of nickel content
Add, the surrender degree of steel is faster than what tensile strength improved, therefore the ratio containing nickel steel can be high compared with ordinary carbon steel.Nickel is strong in raising steel
While spending, the damage to the performance of the toughness of steel, plasticity and other techniques is small compared with the influence of other alloying elements, therefore logical
The integrality of steel pipe entirety can effectively be increased by crossing above-mentioned proportion, while promote the corrosion resistance of steel pipe, allow to have
Effect is used in heat exchanger, bears the hot and cold alternation of variety classes medium.
The technical solution that the present invention further limits is:
Further, also it is added with Nd:0.01%~0.02%.
A kind of preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, is also added with La:0.005%~0.015%.
A kind of preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, filtering section are detachably connected with U-tube ontology.
A kind of preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, U-tube ontology include being detachably connected and controlling
Symmetrical two parts monomer, by sealed connecting component connection sealing between monomer, and sealed connecting component is located at U-tube ontology most
Low spot；The internal diameter of sealed connecting component is greater than the internal diameter of U-tube ontology.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of large heat exchanger production method of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube, tools
Having effectively to make steel pipe according to steel made of above-mentioned formula, can effectively produce heat exchanger use it is longer
Steel pipe, while the appearance in gap, slight crack can be effectively reduced in manufacturing process, thus the advantages of ensureing the production of entire steel pipe.
A kind of manufacturing method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, includes the following steps: pipe-inspection-peeling
Sawing-heating-perforation-pickling-hollow forging inspection-cold rolling-degreasing-heat treatment-aligning Pipe Cutting-pickling-cold-drawn-degreasing-heat treatment-
Pipe Cutting-pickling-intermediate survey-assembled watch inspection-non-destructive testing-mark-bend pipe-test-packaging-shipping is aligned, specific as follows:
S1, it tests to the pipe for using above-mentioned formula to manufacture, checks inside pipe there is seamless, notch and slight crack etc.；
S2, to pipe, oh surface carries out peeling sawing, and the substances such as the impurity on pipe surface, protrusion are removed；
S3, pipe is carried out to be heated to 1200 DEG C, and surface is mutually perforated and cooled down in requisition for the position of perforation；
S4, put it into be diluted to 20% or so concentration, direct room temperature pickling 20~30 minutes；Pickling situation is examined, water is used
It rinses；
S5, the steel pipe for being broken through on surface by water carry out cold rolling, and steel pipe carries out 1 passage cold rolling using duo mill, and cold rolling speed is
0.1~0.3m per minute；
S6, steel pipe is immersed in degreasant solution, pipeline is laid flat and is stopped 10~15 minutes wherein, whole process rotation two is arrived
Three times；
S7, steel pipe is carried out to be heated to 900~1100 DEG C of heating 30 minutes, and the steel pipe that carries out aligning Pipe Cutting, while will cut
Repeat above-mentioned technique until reaching specified length；
S8, it tests to the steel pipe of completion, and tests the performance of steel pipe accordingly, be finally completed production and wrapped accordingly
Dress and transport.
The production method of the preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of a kind of large heat exchanger, in intermediate inspection in production process
Need to carry out following elongation step after testing in order to reach the length of adaptation, be included in intermediate survey and assembled watch inspection between have it is more
Secondary cold-drawn-degreasing-heat treatment-empty sinking-aligning Pipe Cutting-degreasing.
A kind of production method of the preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, steel pipe includes straight tube and bend pipe
Part, straight tube carry out solution treatment using continuous annealing furnace in heat treatment step, include the following steps:
D1, first time heating first is carried out to steel pipe, the temperature range of heating is 1000~1090 DEG C for the first time；
D2, it carries out heating for second after the completion, the temperature range of second of heating is 830~970 DEG C
D3, it is cooled down, using cooling blower, the revolving speed of cooling blower is 1000~1700rpm.
A kind of production method of the preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, the annealing speed in cooling zone
For 30~60m/min, band is carried out by cooling blower blowout cooling gas to use water cooling after the completion of cooling.
A kind of production method of the preceding over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, bend pipe are carried out by electric heating
Heat treatment, bent tube section is put into electric heater, 600~800 DEG C of heter temperature, while being filled with nitrogen for protecting bend pipe
Structure.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) fine grain that a certain amount of neodymium can make steel pipe keep steel at high temperature is added in the present invention, improves elevated temperature strength,
The air-tightness and corrosion resistance that the stainless-steel pipe produced can effectively be improved simultaneously make it use the longevity in heat exchanger
Life greatly improves；
(2) addition rare-earth elements of lanthanum can effectively delay the germinating and extension of steel pipe Contact Fatigue Crack Propagation in the present invention, simultaneously
It can be substantially reduced the range of steel tube surface plastic deformation, increase hardness, while reducing the impurity of steel duct, reduce stress collection
Middle area, thinning microstructure improve intensity, improve surface bonding strength, increase whole wearability；
(3) pipe made of above-mentioned formula is tested in the present invention, sees whether meet manufacturer's standard, secondly for whole
Body is processed, and by a series of operation, entire steel pipe is elongated, while also needing constantly to be examined in the whole process
It tests, to ensure the integrality of entire steel pipe manufacturing process, and situations such as internal cracked is reduced, until finally reaching specified
Length, to complete the production；
(4) it is large heat exchanger the steel pipe used in is whole longer as production in the present invention, it is therefore desirable to which multiple is cold
It pulls out to increase the length of steel pipe, while the steel pipe passed through after cold-drawn is also heat-treated, and the works such as degreasing are finally carried out
Sequence makes steel pipe reach specified length；
(5) since the steel pipe in heat exchanger is bound to there are straight-tube portion and bent tube section in the present invention, and straight-tube portion is past
Toward by using continuous annealing furnace carry out solution treatment, after the completion use water cooling, due to the length of straight-tube portion it is long because
This just needs continuously to be heat-treated and cooled down；
(6) in the present invention due to bent tube section be bending the toughness reguirements for steel pipe it is higher, it is direct in order to reduce
Heating causes the damage of bend pipe structure, the nitrogen that bent tube section can be effectively protected, while being filled with by using electric heating by
Then the overall structure of bend pipe can be effectively protected in inert gas；
(7) present invention in U-tube ontology one end setting filtering section, by filtering section in filter effectively filter easily lead to it is U-shaped
The substance of pipe fouling reduces U-tube cleaning difficulty and cost, saves clearance time to reduce in-tube fouling；
(8) U-tube body design is the two parts for controlling connection in the present invention, passes through sealed connecting component connection and sealing, sealing
Connector internal diameter is greater than U-tube ontology internal diameter, therefore flow velocity is big at this, and fluid is not easy to be detained at this, to reduce fouling；
Sealed connecting component need to only be removed when U-tube in cleaning, while respectively be passed through detergent from U-tube ontology both ends and being cleared up
, therefore, this designs the scavenging period that can save half, greatly improves cleaning efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Wherein: 1, U-tube ontology；2, filtering section；3, sealed connecting component.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger provided in this embodiment, including U-tube ontology 1, U-tube ontology 1 one
End is equipped with filtering section 2, and filter is connected in filtering section 2, and the internal diameter of filtering section 2 is greater than the internal diameter of U-tube ontology 1.Filtering section 2
It is detachably connected with U-tube ontology 1.U-tube ontology 1 includes being detachably connected and symmetrical two parts monomer, monomer it
Between by the connection sealing of sealed connecting component 3, and sealed connecting component 3 is located at the minimum point of U-tube ontology 1；Sealed connecting component 3 it is interior
Diameter is greater than the internal diameter of U-tube ontology 1.
Its chemical component and mass percent are as follows: C:0.020%, Mn:0.85%, P:0.021%, S:0.010%,
Si:0.80%, Cr:22.3%, Mo:3.2%, Ni:5.25%, N:0.18%, Nd:0.02%, La:0.008%, surplus Fe
With inevitable impurity.
Its production method is as follows: S1, testing, has inside inspection pipe seamless to the pipe for using above-mentioned formula to manufacture
Gap, notch and slight crack etc.；S2, to pipe, oh surface carries out peeling sawing, and the substances such as the impurity on pipe surface, protrusion are removed；
S3, pipe is carried out to be heated to 1200 DEG C, and surface is mutually perforated and cooled down in requisition for the position of perforation；S4, it is put
Enter to be diluted to 20% or so concentration, direct room temperature pickling 20~30 minutes；Pickling situation is examined, is rinsed with water；S5, by surface
The steel pipe broken through by water carries out cold rolling, and steel pipe carries out 1 passage cold rolling using duo mill, and cold rolling speed is per minute 0.1~
0.3m；S6, steel pipe is immersed in degreasant solution, pipeline is laid flat and is stopped 10~15 minutes wherein, whole process rotation two
To three times；S7, steel pipe is carried out to be heated to 900~1100 DEG C of heating 30 minutes, and the steel that carries out aligning Pipe Cutting, while will cut
Pipe repeats above-mentioned technique until reaching specified length；S8, it tests to the steel pipe of completion, and corresponding tested steel
The performance of pipe is finally completed production and is packed and transported accordingly.Including carrying out mutually deserved inspection, observation to pipe first
Whether pipe surface has situations such as crackle, to carry out dialling skin sawing to pipe surface, cuts off mutually deserved impurity, while to entire
Pipe carries out being heated to 1200 DEG C of eleven punch 11s of going forward side by side, to form steel pipe, is put into descaling bath after the completion of perforation to steel pipe
Pickling is carried out, the steel pipe after pickling carries out first hollow forging and examines, and the inspection of internal component, while appearance are carried out to hollow forging
Aspect check whether there is crackle, fold, scab, pipe situations such as, if there is above situation must be purged, examine qualified mistake
Hollow forging afterwards carries out cold-drawn, reaches certain shape and certain mechanical property, and carries out under conditions of hollow forging is in room temperature
Drawing helps to promote steel pipe precision height and surface smoothness, and degreasing is carried out after the completion of cold-drawn, is heat-treated after the completion of degreasing,
Corresponding aligning Pipe Cutting is carried out after the completion of heat treatment, the steel pipe after cutting continues to be put into pickling, comes back to above-mentioned work journey
In sequence, until required Tube Drawing to be reached to specified length, it is by empty sinking after the heat treatment of last time
The additional direct rolling head cold-drawn of mold obtains seamless stainless-steel pipe, and last aligning Pipe Cutting, degreasing are also needed for steel pipe most
After form finished product, finished product needs are detected accordingly, the non-destructive testing etc. including inside needs after detection in steel
It is identified on pipe, since steel pipe is to have straight tube and bent tube section as heat exchanger section, straight tube is used in heat treatment step
Continuous annealing furnace carries out solution treatment, includes the following steps: D1, first carries out first time heating to steel pipe, heating for the first time
Temperature range is 1000~1090 DEG C；D2, it carries out heating for second after the completion, the temperature range of second of heating is 830~970
℃；D3, it is cooled down, using cooling blower, the revolving speed of cooling blower is 1000~1700rpm, and bend pipe is carried out by electric heating
Heat treatment, bend pipe are heat-treated by electric heating, bent tube section are put into electric heater, heter temperature 600~800
DEG C, while nitrogen is filled with for protecting bend pipe structure, bent tube section is also required to detect, detection carries out after being fully completed
Packaging, and it is sent to customers' place.
Its main operational principle is as follows, multiple cold drawing treatment is carried out primarily directed to the steel pipe of overlength, so that steel
Pipe can achieve specified length, divide straight tube and bent tube section to carry out different heat treatment modes after cold-drawn, to be made
The elongated seamless steel pipe in heat exchanger required for client, while steel can be effectively improved using the proportion of above-mentioned ingredient
The heat resistance of pipe, and whole integrality, improve the toughness of the steel pipe in Cold Drawing Process, while rare earth element can be effective
Combined with the harmful substance in steel pipe, reduce steel duct harmful substance content, to improve the hardness of steel pipe.
Embodiment 2
A kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger provided in this embodiment, chemical component and mass percent are as follows:
C:0.018%, Mn:0.92%, P:0.018%, S:0.013%, Si:0.79%, Cr:22.8%, Mo:3.5%, Ni:
4.98%, N:0.16%, Nd:0.01%, La:0.012%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 3
A kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger provided in this embodiment, chemical component and mass percent are as follows:
C:0.020%, Mn:0.76%, P:0.022%, S:0.008%, Si:0.73%, Cr:22.6%, Mo:3.4%, Ni:
6.30%, N:0.19%, Nd:0.02%, La:0.011%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The steel pipe that 1~embodiment of embodiment 3 is obtained carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, as a result such as table 1:
The mechanical experimental results of steel pipe in 1 1~embodiment of embodiment 3 of table
| Bending strength/MPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Internal injury situation | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1206 | 1426 | It is lossless |
| Embodiment 2 | 1195 | 1378 | It is lossless |
| Embodiment 3 | 1201 | 1415 | It is lossless |
It can be found that in process of production steel pipe be in the presence of occurring when gap, crack and internal flaw detection quality problems compared with
Few, the present invention can effectively produce the U-shaped pipe of overlength used in large heat exchanger, while entire stainless steel tube is whole
Better performances, effectively raise pipeline corrosion resistance, resistance to environmental change the case where, thus promoted heat exchanger use the longevity
Life.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger, which is characterized in that its chemical component and mass percent are as follows: C
≤ 0.020%, Mn≤1.00%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.020%, Si≤0.80%, Cr:22.0%~23.0%, Mo:3.0%~
3.5%, Ni:4.50%~6.50%, N:0.14%~0.20%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity；
Including U-tube ontology (1), described U-tube ontology (1) one end is equipped with filtering section (2), is connected in the filtering section (2)
The internal diameter of filter, the filtering section (2) is greater than the internal diameter of the U-tube ontology (1).
2. a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be also added with
Nd:0.01%~0.02%.
3. a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: be also added with
La:0.005%~0.015%.
4. a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filtering
Section (2) is detachably connected with the U-tube ontology (1).
5. a kind of over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the U-tube
Ontology (1) includes being detachably connected and symmetrical two parts monomer, is connected between the monomer by sealed connecting component (3)
Sealing, and the sealed connecting component (3) is located at the minimum point of the U-tube ontology (1)；The internal diameter of the sealed connecting component (3)
Greater than the internal diameter of the U-tube ontology (1).
6. a kind of manufacturing method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 1, feature exist
In including the following steps: pipe-inspection-peeling sawing-heating-perforation-pickling-hollow forging inspection-cold rolling-degreasing-heat treatment-
Align Pipe Cutting-pickling-cold-drawn-degreasing-heat treatment-aligning Pipe Cutting-pickling-intermediate survey-assembled watch inspection-non-destructive testing-mark-
Bend pipe-test-packaging-shipping, specific as follows:
S1, it tests to the pipe for using above-mentioned formula to manufacture, checks inside pipe there is seamless, notch and slight crack etc.；
S2, to pipe, oh surface carries out peeling sawing, and the substances such as the impurity on pipe surface, protrusion are removed；
S3, pipe is carried out to be heated to 1200 DEG C, and surface is mutually perforated and cooled down in requisition for the position of perforation；
S4, put it into be diluted to 20% or so concentration, direct room temperature pickling 20-30 minutes；Pickling situation is examined, is rushed with water
It washes；
S5, the steel pipe for being broken through on surface by water carry out cold rolling, and steel pipe carries out 1 passage cold rolling using duo mill, and cold rolling speed is
0.1~0.3m per minute；
S6, steel pipe is immersed in degreasant solution, pipeline is laid flat and is stopped 10~15 minutes wherein, whole process rotation two is arrived
Three times；
S7, steel pipe is carried out to be heated to 900~1100 DEG C of heating 30 minutes, and the steel pipe that carries out aligning Pipe Cutting, while will cut
Repeat above-mentioned technique until reaching specified length；
S8, it tests to the steel pipe of completion, and tests the performance of steel pipe accordingly, be finally completed production and wrapped accordingly
Dress and transport.
7. a kind of manufacturing method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 6, feature exist
In: it needs to carry out following elongation step after intermediate survey in production process in order to reach the length of adaptation, is included in centre
Examining has multiple cold-drawn-degreasing-heat treatment-empty sinking-aligning Pipe Cutting-degreasing between assembled watch inspection.
8. a kind of manufacturing method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 7, feature exist
In: steel pipe includes straight tube and bent tube section, and straight tube carries out solution treatment using continuous annealing furnace in heat treatment step, including
Following steps:
D1, first time heating first is carried out to steel pipe, the temperature range of heating is 1000~1090 DEG C for the first time；
D2, it carries out heating for second after the completion, the temperature range of second of heating is 830~970 DEG C
D3, it is cooled down, using cooling blower, the revolving speed of cooling blower is 1000~1700rpm.
9. a kind of production method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 8, feature exist
In: the annealing speed in cooling zone is 30~60m/min, after the completion of being cooled down by cooling blower blowout cooling gas to band
Use water cooling.
10. a kind of production method of the over-long U-shaped stainless steel tube of large heat exchanger according to claim 9, feature exist
In: bend pipe is heat-treated by electric heating, and bent tube section is put into electric heater, and 600~800 DEG C of heter temperature, together
When be filled with nitrogen for protecting bend pipe structure.
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| CN112647025A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-13 | 无锡腾跃特种钢管有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-performance stainless steel pipe |
| CN114012363A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 浙江华田特种材料有限公司 | Single-tube four-station continuous intelligent manufacturing process for ultra-long tube |
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| CN112647025A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-13 | 无锡腾跃特种钢管有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-performance stainless steel pipe |
| CN114012363A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 浙江华田特种材料有限公司 | Single-tube four-station continuous intelligent manufacturing process for ultra-long tube |
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