CN113059019B - Acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113059019B
CN113059019B CN202110316479.XA CN202110316479A CN113059019B CN 113059019 B CN113059019 B CN 113059019B CN 202110316479 A CN202110316479 A CN 202110316479A CN 113059019 B CN113059019 B CN 113059019B
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steel pipe
annealing
heat exchanger
acid
cold drawing
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CN113059019A (en
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孙涛
曹君
严伟
李艳芬
王威
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Jiangsu Jianzhong New Material Science & Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Jianzhong New Material Science & Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses an acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following low carbon steel components in percentage by weight: c:0.06-0.15%; si:0.1-0.5%; mn:0.20-0.70%; s is less than or equal to 0.01%; p is less than or equal to 0.01%; the preparation method comprises the steps of surface treatment, surface lubrication, cold drawing, annealing and post-treatment, and the heat exchanger steel pipe obtained by the preparation process has the advantages of strong dilute sulfuric acid corrosion resistance, low cost and long service life, and the preparation method is simple in process, strong in operability and good in application prospect.

Description

Acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon steel heat exchanger steel tube preparation, in particular to an acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heat exchanger is a device used in the fields of energy and chemical industry, and the like in a large quantity, and the heat exchanger tube is taken as a basic component of the heat exchanger to take on the heat exchange roles of the inside and the outside of the tube wall. Because the heat exchanger tubes typically operate at high temperatures, they are not only subject to corrosion by the heat exchange medium, but also face fouling of the inner walls of the tubes by the corrosive medium. The formation of scale not only reduces the area of the flow interface, but also reduces the heat conducting property of the heat exchanger tube; therefore, the inner cavity of the heat exchanger tube needs to be cleaned with acid regularly so as to improve the heat conducting performance of the heat exchanger tube. However, the acid is used for cleaning the scale and simultaneously corroding the surface of the heat exchanger tube, the corrosion can lead to the reduction of the bearing wall thickness of the heat exchanger tube, the mechanical failure can be induced, the leakage can be even caused when the mechanical failure is serious, the service life of the heat exchanger tube is greatly shortened, and even safety accidents can be caused.
As a method for improving the acid corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger tube, stainless steel or stainless steel composite tubes are generally adopted in the industry to produce acid-resistant heat exchanger tube products so as to cope with severe acid pickling corrosion, but the cost of the acid-resistant heat exchanger tube products produced by the stainless steel or the stainless steel composite tubes is obviously higher than that of heat exchanger tubes produced by low-carbon steel; secondly, most of stainless steel is in an austenitic face-centered cubic structure, the heat conductivity of the stainless steel is much worse than that of low-carbon steel in a body-centered cubic structure, and the heat exchange efficiency is low; again, stainless steel or stainless steel composite tube manufacturing process is complex and production cost is high. In the prior art, the acid-resistant heat exchange tube is produced by adopting low carbon steel as a raw material, and the defect of poor acid resistance exists. Patent document CN109652745a provides a method for producing an acid-resistant heat exchanger tube from mild steel, but still with the addition of trace alloying elements. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a preparation method for preparing the acid-resistant heat exchanger tube with high performance and low cost without adding alloy elements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe and a preparation method thereof, low carbon steel with lower cost is selected as a material, and the structure of the heat exchanger steel pipe is regulated and controlled to obtain a granular pearlite structure of ferrite and granular cementite, so that the acid corrosion resistance of the material is improved, the service life of the material is prolonged, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the steel pipe blank;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: cold drawing the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2);
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold drawn steel tube in the step (3);
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Further, the surface treatment in step (1) is: one or two methods of inner and outer wall sand blasting and inner and outer wall grinding are adopted to remove the oxide skin on the surface of the steel pipe.
Further, in the step (3), the cold drawing is multi-pass cold drawing with large deformation.
Further, the cold drawing pass of the cold drawing is not less than 2, the deformation of each pass is not less than 12%, and annealing treatment is not carried out among the passes.
Further, in the step (4), the annealing is performed by using a step heat treatment furnace.
Further, the specific annealing process comprises the following steps: the annealing heat treatment is completed in a nitrogen protection atmosphere furnace, the primary annealing temperature is 680-750 ℃, and the annealing time is 10-30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 650-700 ℃ and the annealing time is 20-40 minutes; and cooling to 180-250 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling.
Furthermore, the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube adopts low carbon steel, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.06-0.15% of C,0.1-0.5% of Si,0.20-0.70% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.01% of S, less than or equal to 0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and impurities.
The invention also discloses the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe prepared by the method.
Further, the microstructure of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube is as follows: granular pearlite is dispersed on the ferrite matrix.
Further, the corrosion rate of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe is smaller than 0.05mm/a after the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe is soaked in 6mol/L dilute sulfuric acid for 1 hour.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The heat exchanger steel pipe is made of low-carbon steel, and has the advantage of low cost compared with the heat exchanger steel pipe made of corrosion-resistant materials; and no additional alloying element is needed in the preparation process, so that the requirement on raw materials is further reduced.
(2) The invention firstly proposes that the cold drawing process and the annealing heat treatment process are combined, and multiple passes and large deformation cold drawing are adopted, so that more strain energy is accumulated in the matrix, and then the original flaky pearlite is converted into granular pearlite by low-temperature Duan Bujin type twice annealing, thereby improving acid corrosion resistance and service life. In the conventional heat treatment process, the structure of the steel pipe is usually ferrite and lamellar pearlite. The flaky pearlite is easy to be affected by corrosive medium due to high interface proportion, so that the corrosion resistance is poor; in contrast, the carbide in the granular pearlite is spherical, the surface area is minimum, the interface energy is minimum, the system is more stable, and the corrosion resistance is stronger.
(3) The acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe prepared by the method has stronger corrosion resistance, and the corrosion rate is less than 0.05mm/a under the condition of 6mol/L dilute sulfuric acid corrosion, which is far superior to the conventional preparation method.
(4) The service life of the heat exchanger steel pipe prepared by the invention is 2-3 times of that of the conventional preparation process.
(5) The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, strong operability and good application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a metallographic structure after conventional cold drawing annealing. It can be seen from the figure that the morphology is ferrite and lamellar pearlite.
FIG. 2 shows the metallographic structure after multi-pass cold drawing and step annealing according to the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the morphology is ferrite and granular pearlite.
FIG. 3 shows the corrosion profile of cold drawn pipes in both the processes of example 1 and comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the embodiment, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm in outer diameter and 4.0mm in wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is treated in a sand blasting and grinding combined mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the treated steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.8mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2) for three times; wherein the outer diameter of the steel pipe subjected to the first cold drawing is 52mm, and the wall thickness is 3.2mm; the annealing is not performed in the middle, then the second cold drawing is performed on the steel pipe, the outer diameter after the cold drawing is 45mm, and the wall thickness is 2.6mm; annealing is not performed in the middle, then cold drawing is performed on the steel pipe for the third time, the outer diameter after cold drawing is 38mm, and the wall thickness is 2.25mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 700 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 660 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; cooling to 180 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Example 2
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the embodiment, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm in outer diameter and 4.0mm in wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is processed in a sand blasting mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the processed steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.74mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out secondary cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2); wherein the outer diameter of the steel pipe subjected to the first cold drawing is 48mm, and the wall thickness is 2.9mm; annealing is not performed in the middle, then the steel pipe is subjected to secondary cold drawing, the outer diameter after cold drawing is 38mm, and the wall thickness is 2.22mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 720 ℃, and the annealing time is 20 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 680 ℃, and the annealing time is 25 minutes; cooling to 190 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the comparative example, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm of outer diameter and 4.0mm of wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is treated in a sand blasting and grinding combined mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the treated steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.78mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out primary cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2); the outer diameter after cold drawing is 48mm, and the wall thickness is 2.9mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 700 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 660 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; cooling to 180 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the comparative example, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm of outer diameter and 4.0mm of wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is treated in a sand blasting and grinding combined mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the treated steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.82mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2) for three times; wherein the outer diameter of the steel pipe subjected to the first cold drawing is 52mm, and the wall thickness is 3.2mm; annealing in the middle, and performing secondary cold drawing on the steel pipe, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 45mm, and the wall thickness is 2.62mm; annealing in the middle, and then carrying out cold drawing on the steel pipe for the third time, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 38mm, and the wall thickness is 2.24mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 700 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 660 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; cooling to 180 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Comparative example 3
In the conventional process of the heat exchanger steel pipe, a treatment mode of small cold drawing deformation amount and intermediate annealing in each pass is generally adopted. The conventional process is adopted to prepare the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube in the comparative example.
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the comparative example, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm of outer diameter and 4.0mm of wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is treated in a sand blasting and grinding combined mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the treated steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.8mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out four times of cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2); wherein the outer diameter of the steel pipe subjected to the first cold drawing is 54mm, and the wall thickness is 3.42mm; annealing is not performed in the middle, then the steel pipe is subjected to secondary cold drawing, the outer diameter after cold drawing is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 3.02mm; annealing is not performed in the middle, then cold drawing is performed on the steel pipe for the third time, the outer diameter after cold drawing is 45mm, and the wall thickness is 2.60mm; annealing is not performed in the middle, and then cold drawing is performed on the steel pipe for the fourth time, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 41mm, and the wall thickness is 2.40mm; the steel pipe is subjected to cold drawing for the fourth time without annealing in the middle, the outer diameter after cold drawing is 38mm, and the wall thickness is 2.22mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 700 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 660 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; cooling to 180 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
Comparative example 4
In the conventional process of the heat exchanger steel pipe, a treatment mode of small cold drawing deformation amount and intermediate annealing in each pass is generally adopted. The conventional process is adopted to prepare the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube in the comparative example.
The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe comprises the following steps:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on a steel pipe blank, wherein the steel pipe comprises the following chemical components by mass percent of 0.11% of C,0.32% of Si,0.60% of Mn,0.01% of S,0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; in the comparative example, the steel pipe blank has the specification of 60mm of outer diameter and 4.0mm of wall thickness, the steel pipe blank is treated in a sand blasting and grinding combined mode of the inner wall and the outer wall, the outer diameter of the treated steel pipe is 59mm, and the wall thickness is 3.8mm;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: carrying out four times of cold drawing on the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2); wherein the outer diameter of the steel pipe subjected to the first cold drawing is 54mm, and the wall thickness is 3.4mm; annealing in the middle, and performing secondary cold drawing on the steel pipe, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 3.0mm; annealing in the middle, and then carrying out cold drawing on the steel pipe for the third time, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 45mm, and the wall thickness is 2.62mm; annealing in the middle, and performing cold drawing on the steel pipe for the fourth time, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 41mm, and the wall thickness is 2.42mm; annealing in the middle, and performing cold drawing for the fourth time on the steel pipe, wherein the outer diameter after cold drawing is 38mm, and the wall thickness is 2.22mm;
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold-drawn steel tube in the step (3) in a step heat treatment furnace; the annealing heat treatment furnace is protected by nitrogen; the primary annealing temperature is 700 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 660 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 minutes; cooling to 180 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
(5) Post-treatment: and (3) straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4).
The steel pipe structures prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention were subjected to performance analysis and evaluation.
(1) Morphology of steel pipe structure
The steel pipe structure sample of the preparation process of the embodiment 1 of the invention is cut, and the structure morphology is observed after grinding, polishing and corrosion, and is compared with the structure of the steel pipe obtained in the comparative example 3. The result shows that the steel pipe tissue obtained by the preparation process is that granular pearlite is dispersed and distributed on a ferrite matrix, and the steel pipe tissue is shown in figure 1. The steel pipe structure obtained by the conventional preparation process is ferrite and lamellar pearlite, and is shown in figure 2.
(2) Corrosion Performance evaluation
The steel pipe samples prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were cut out and subjected to acid corrosion resistance evaluation, and immersed in a 6mol/L dilute sulfuric acid solution for 1 hour, and the corrosion rate was calculated by using the weight loss and the corrosion morphology was observed. The corrosion rate of each steel pipe sample is shown in fig. 1, and the corrosion morphology is shown in fig. 3.
TABLE 1 Corrosion Rate of Steel pipes
Figure BDA0002991521490000111
It can be seen that the steel pipe prepared by the method has slight corrosion, and the steel pipe prepared by the method which adopts one-time cold drawing, annealing treatment in cold drawing or conventional preparation process has serious corrosion, as can be clearly seen from fig. 3.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Modifications and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon the basis of the present invention. Accordingly, any modification or improvement made without departing from the spirit of the invention is within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (4)

1. The preparation method of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the steel pipe blank;
(2) Surface lubrication: lubricating the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe subjected to the surface treatment in the step (1) by adopting lubricating oil;
(3) Cold drawing: cold drawing the steel pipe subjected to the lubrication treatment in the step (2);
(4) Annealing: annealing the cold drawn steel tube in the step (3);
(5) Post-treatment: straightening and polishing the annealed steel pipe in the step (4);
the cold drawing in the step (3) is multi-pass cold drawing with large deformation; the cold drawing pass of the cold drawing is not less than 2, the deformation of each pass is not less than 12%, and annealing treatment is not carried out among the passes;
the specific process of the annealing is as follows: the annealing heat treatment is completed in a nitrogen protection atmosphere furnace, the primary annealing temperature is 680-750 ℃, and the annealing time is 10-30 minutes; the secondary annealing temperature is 650-700 ℃ and the annealing time is 20-40 minutes; cooling to 180-250 ℃ along with the furnace after secondary annealing, and then discharging and air cooling;
the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube adopts low carbon steel, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.06-0.15% of C,0.1-0.5% of Si,0.20-0.70% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.01% of S, less than or equal to 0.01% of P, and the balance of Fe and impurities;
the microstructure of the acid-resistant heat exchanger steel tube is as follows: granular pearlite is dispersed on the ferrite matrix.
2. The method for producing an acid-resistant heat exchanger steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment in step (1) is: one or two methods of inner and outer wall sand blasting and inner and outer wall grinding are adopted to remove the oxide skin on the surface of the steel pipe.
3. An acid resistant heat exchanger steel tube made by the method of any one of claims 1-2.
4. An acid resistant heat exchanger steel pipe according to claim 3, wherein the corrosion rate of the acid resistant heat exchanger steel pipe after 1 hour of immersion in 6mol/L dilute sulfuric acid is less than 0.05mm/a.
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