CN109729970B - Breeding method of sweet-waxy double-recessive maize inbred line with high seedling emergence rate - Google Patents
Breeding method of sweet-waxy double-recessive maize inbred line with high seedling emergence rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of a sweet-waxy double-cryptocorn inbred line with a high seedling rate, and relates to the technical field of corn breeding. The method comprises the following steps: hybridizing a single cross seed F1 obtained by hybridizing the waxy corn inbred line and the large embryo inbred line as a female parent with a single cross seed F1 obtained by hybridizing the sweet corn inbred line and the large embryo inbred line to obtain a double cross seed F1; screening large embryo seeds in the double cross hybrid F1, and selfing to obtain F2 generation; screening seeds of the large embryo shrinking phenotype in the F2 generation, and selecting plants with the pollen iodine staining rate of 50% for selfing to obtain an F3 generation; plants with 100% iodine staining rate of pollen in the F3 generation are selected for selfing to obtain an F4 generation; selecting panicle rows with the emergence rate higher than 80% in the F4 generation, and screening a large-embryo sweet glutinous self-bred line to obtain an F5 generation; and bagging the F5-generation single plants for continuous selfing for 3-4 generations to obtain a large-embryo sweet glutinous selfing line. The method can improve the emergence rate of the sweet-waxy double-cryptocorn inbred line to 90 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of corn breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a sweet-waxy double-recessive corn inbred line with a high seedling rate.
Background
The sweet and waxy corns are a novel fresh-eating corn variety (the same cluster is provided with waxy corn grains and sweet corn grains at a ratio of 3: 1) which is bred by China corn breeders in recent years and has the nutrition and flavor of the sweet and waxy corns at the same time, the sweet and waxy corns are deeply loved by China, the planting area of 300 ten thousand mu in China is provided, the situation that the sweet and waxy corns stand at three feet is rapidly formed, and the market potential is very large.
The basic condition for breeding the sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn variety is that one of parents of the hybrid is a sweet and waxy double-implicit inbred line, and the other parent is a waxy corn inbred line. However, in the process of breeding the sweet and glutinous double recessive inbred line, no matter which breeding technology is adopted, which sweet and glutinous double recessive inbred line (su1su1wxwx, sh2sh2wxwx, bt2bt2wxwx) is bred, the ubiquitous practical problem that the germination rate of the sweet and glutinous double recessive inbred line is very low is difficult to solve. The low bud ratio of the sweet and glutinous double recessive inbred line directly influences the seed production yield regardless of being used as a female parent or a male parent, thereby increasing the seed production cost and the production cost of the sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn. At present, the low bud rate of the sweet and glutinous double recessive inbred line becomes the most key limiting factor for the development of the sweet and glutinous novel fresh-eating corn industry.
The breeding practice proves that the germination rates of waxy corn genes (wxwx) and sweet corn genes (su1su1 and sh2sh2) are good when the waxy corn genes and the su1su1 and sh2sh2 genes exist independently, the germination rates of su1su1wxwx and sh2sh2wxwx are greatly reduced when the wxwx genes, the su1wxwx and the sh2sh2wxwx are polymerized and purified, and the seed embryos of the su1su1wxwx and the sh2sh2wxwx double-cryptogam line are smaller than those of the seed embryos of wxwx, su1su1 and sh2sh2 which exist independently. When the wxwx gene is pure with the su1su1 and sh2sh2 genes, the development of a seed embryo is inhibited, and the seed embryo is too small, so that the su1su1wxwx and sh2sh2wxwx double-hidden inbred line provides insufficient nutrition for the seed embryo during germination, and the germination rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a breeding method of a sweet and waxy double-cryptic maize inbred line with a high seedling emergence rate, which can significantly improve the germination rate of a su1su1wxwx and sh2sh2wxwx double-cryptic inbred line.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a breeding method of a sweet-waxy double-cryptocorn inbred line with high seedling rate, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking a first single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a waxy corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a female parent, taking a second single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a sweet corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a male parent, and hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain a double hybrid F1;
(2) screening large embryoid seeds in the double cross hybrid F1 for planting, bagging and selfing the single plants to obtain F2 generations;
(3) screening seeds with large embryo shrinkage phenotype from the ears of the F2 generation to form ear rows, simultaneously carrying out iodine staining on pollen of each plant, and selecting the plants with the pollen staining rate of 50% for bagging and selfing to obtain an F3 generation;
(4) planting the F3 generation into ear rows, carrying out iodine staining on each individual plant pollen, and selecting plants with the pollen staining rate of 100% for selfing to obtain an F4 generation;
(5) planting the F4 generations into ear rows, and selecting the ear rows with the emergence rate higher than 80% to obtain a large-embryo sweet glutinous self-bred line F5 generations;
(6) and bagging the F5-generation single plants for continuous selfing for 3-4 generations to obtain the sweet and glutinous double-hidden corn selfing line with high seedling rate.
Preferably, the waxy corn inbred line comprises a waxy corn gene wxwx.
Preferably, the sweet corn inbred line comprises a sweet corn gene su1su1 or sh2sh 2.
Preferably, the large embryo inbred line comprises a large embryo gene gege.
The invention provides a breeding method of a sweet and waxy double-hidden corn inbred line with high seedling rate, which is characterized in that large embryo gene gege is added into genotypes su1su1wxwx and sh2sh2wxwx of the double-hidden inbred line by means of hybridization and inbreeding, so that the germination rate of the sweet and waxy double-hidden inbred line is obviously improved. The breeding method can be used for obtaining a new corn variety large-embryo sweet and waxy inbred line ZBN6279 (genotype wxwxgegesh2sh2) and a large-embryo sweet and waxy inbred line ZBT01 (genotype wxwxgegesu1su1), and the germination rates of large-embryo su1wx and large-embryo sh2wx genotypes of the double-cryptogamic inbred line genotype su1wxwx and sh2sh2wxwx can reach 90 percent through verification.
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FIG. 1 is a breeding process of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a breeding process of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A breeding method of a sweet-waxy double-cryptocorn inbred line with a high seedling emergence rate comprises the following steps: (1) taking a first single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a waxy corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a female parent, taking a second single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a sweet corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a male parent, and hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain a double hybrid F1;
(2) screening large embryoid seeds in the double cross hybrid F1 for planting, bagging and selfing the single plants to obtain F2 generations;
(3) screening seeds with large embryo shrinkage phenotype from the ears of the F2 generation to form ear rows, simultaneously carrying out iodine staining on pollen of each plant, and selecting the plants with the pollen staining rate of 50% for bagging and selfing to obtain an F3 generation;
(4) planting the F3 generation into ear rows, carrying out iodine staining on each individual plant pollen, and selecting plants with the pollen staining rate of 100% for selfing to obtain an F4 generation;
(5) planting the F4 generations into ear rows, and selecting the ear rows with the emergence rate higher than 80% to obtain a large-embryo sweet glutinous self-bred line F5 generations;
(6) and bagging the F5-generation single plants for continuous selfing for 3-4 generations to obtain the sweet and glutinous double-hidden corn selfing line with high seedling rate.
In the breeding method, a first single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a waxy corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line is taken as a female parent, a second single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a sweet corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line is taken as a male parent, and the female parent and the male parent are hybridized to obtain a double hybrid F1. The waxy corn inbred line comprises a waxy corn gene wxwx; the sweet corn inbred line comprises a sweet corn gene su1su1 or sh2sh 2; the large embryo inbred line comprises a large embryo gene gege. The large embryo inbred line of the invention is a high oil maize inbred line. The female parent is preferably WxwxGegeGegeSu 1Su1 or WxwxGegeSh2Sh2, and the male parent is preferably WxWxGegeSu1Su1 or WxWxGegeSh2Sh 2. The invention utilizes the male parent and the female parent of the genotype to carry out hybridization to obtain a double-cross-bred F1, 3/4 in the double-cross-bred F1 shows the small embryo character, and the genotype is Wx _ Ge _ Su1_ or Wx _ Ge _ Sh2 _; in addition, 1/4 showed large embryo trait, and the genotype was Wx _ gegeSU1_ or Wx _ gegeSh2_, wherein "_" indicates either dominant or recessive gene. The method of crossing is not particularly limited in the present invention, and conventional corn crossing means in the art may be used.
After obtaining the double cross hybrid F1, the invention screens the large embryoid seeds in the double cross hybrid F1 for planting, and the single plant is bagged for selfing to obtain F2 generation. The phenotype of the large embryo seeds of the present invention preferably further comprises shrinkage. The present invention selfs the phenotype large embryo seeds to obtain F2 generation. The method for selfing is not particularly limited, and the conventional corn selfing method in the field can be used.
After F2 generation is obtained, the invention screens seeds with big embryo shrinking phenotype in the ears of F2 generation to form ear rows, simultaneously carries out iodine staining on each plant pollen, selects plants with pollen staining rate of 50 percent to carry out bagging selfing, and obtains F3 generation. The seed genotypes of the large embryo shrinkage phenotype are WxWxgegesu1su1, Wxwxgegesu1su1, WxWxgegesu 2sh2 and Wxwxgegesu 2sh 2. The invention plants F2 generation seeds of the genotype, and carries out iodine staining on pollen of each plant, and selects plants with the pollen staining rate of 50 percent to carry out bagging selfing. According to the invention, Wxwx can be completely dyed by iodine, and is half dyed, and cannot be dyed, so that the plants with the dyeing rate of 50% are selected for bagging selfing, wherein 1/4 of genotypes of obtained F3 generation seeds is WxWxgegegesu 1su1 or WxWxgegegegesh 2sh2, 1/2 is Wxwx gegegesu 1su1 or Wxwx gegegesh 2sh2, and 1/4 is wxwxwxwgegesu 1su1 or wxwxwxgesh 2sh 2. The method for the spiking and iodine staining is not particularly limited, and conventional methods in the art can be used.
After F3 generation is obtained, the invention plants the F3 generation into ear rows, iodine stains each individual plant pollen, and selects plants with 100% pollen staining rate to carry out selfing, thus obtaining F4 generation. The invention selects the plant with 100% pollen staining rate, namely the plant with the screened genotype of wxwx for selfing.
After F4 generations are obtained, the method plants the F4 generations into ear rows, selects the ear rows with the emergence rate higher than 80 percent for selfing, and obtains double-cryptic lines with high emergence rate. The genotype of the F5 generation screened in the embodiment of the invention is wxwxgegesu1su1 or wxwxgegesh2sh 2.
After an F5 generation is obtained, bagging the F5 generation single plants for continuous selfing for 3-4 generations to obtain the sweet-waxy double-hidden corn selfing line with high seedling rate. The continuous selfing of the invention can determine whether the characters can be stably inherited.
The breeding method of the sweet and waxy double-cryptic corn inbred line with high seedling emergence rate provided by the invention is explained in detail by the following examples, but the breeding method cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
Breeding according to the flow as shown in figure 1:
hybridizing waxy corn wxwxGeGeSh2Sh2 with large embryo corn WxWxGeSh 2Sh2 to obtain F1 generation corn WxwxGegeSh2Sh2, and taking the F1 generation corn as a female parent;
secondly, the super-sweet corn WxWxGegesh2Sh2 is hybridized with the large embryo corn WxWxGegeSh2Sh2 to obtain an F1 generation corn WxWxGegeSh2Sh2, and the F1 generation corn is used as a male parent;
thirdly, after the female parent and the male parent are hybridized, screening corn Wx _ Ge _ Sh2 which shows the small embryo character in the F1 generation for selfing, and selecting large embryo shrinkage progeny corn WxWxgegegesh 2Sh2 and Wxwxgegesh2Sh 2;
planting the large embryo shrinking progeny corn, carrying out iodine staining on pollen, selecting Wxwx genotype seeds with the pollen staining rate of 50% for selfing, and obtaining 1/4 progeny of WxWx gegegesh 2sh2, 1/2 Wxwx gegegesh 2sh2 and 1/4 Wxwxwxggesh 2sh2 genotypes;
fifthly, planting the genotype offspring, carrying out iodine staining on pollen, selecting wxwx genotype with 100% pollen staining rate for selfing, and obtaining wxwxgegesh2sh2 genotype corn;
sixthly, continuously selfing the wxwxgesh 2sh2 genotype corn for 3-4 generations to obtain a stably inherited sweet-waxy double-cryptic selfing line wxwxxgesh 2sh2, which is named as a large-embryo sweet-waxy selfing line ZBN 6279.
Example 2
Breeding according to the flow shown in figure 2:
hybridizing waxy corn wxwxGeGeSu1Su1 with large embryo corn WxWxgege Su1Su1 to obtain corn WxwxGegeGegeSu 1Su1 of F1 generation, and taking the corn of F1 generation as a female parent;
secondly, the super sweet corn WxWxGegesu1Su1 is hybridized with the large embryo corn WxWxGegesu1Su1 to obtain an F1 generation corn WxWxGegesu1Su1, and the F1 generation corn is used as a male parent;
thirdly, after the female parent and the male parent are hybridized, screening corn Wx _ Ge _ Su1 which shows the small embryo character in the F1 generation for selfing, and selecting large embryo shrinkage progeny corn WxWxgegesu1Su1 and Wxwxgegesu1Su 1;
fourthly, planting the big embryo shrunken progeny corn, carrying out iodine staining on pollen, selecting Wxwx genotype seeds with the pollen staining rate of 50% for selfing, and obtaining 1/4 WxWx gegegegesu 1su1, 1/2 Wxwx gegegesu 1su1 and 1/4 wxwxwxgegesu 1su1 genotype progeny;
fifthly, planting the genotype progeny, performing iodine staining on pollen, selecting wxwx genotype with 100% pollen staining rate for selfing, and obtaining wxwxgegesu1su1 genotype corn;
sixthly, continuously selfing the wxwxgegesu1su1 genotype corn for 3-4 generations to obtain a stably inherited sweet and glutinous double-cryptic selfing line wxwxxgegesu 1su1 which is named as a large-embryo sweet and glutinous selfing line ZBT 01.
The large embryo sweet waxy inbred lines obtained in example 1 and example 2 were subjected to experiments to verify the emergence rate, and the experimental results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of different genotypes on emergence Rate
| Inbred line | su1 | sh2 | wx | Big embryo | su1wx | sh2wx | Big embryo su1wx | Big embryo sh2wx |
| The rate of emergence% | 97 | 95 | 99 | 100 | 45 | ＜40 | 90 | 90 |
The invention provides a breeding method of a sweet and waxy double-hidden corn inbred line with a high seedling rate, which can improve the seedling rate of the sweet and waxy double-hidden corn inbred line to 90%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A breeding method of a sweet-waxy double-cryptocorn inbred line with a high seedling emergence rate is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) taking a first single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a waxy corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a female parent, taking a second single hybrid F1 obtained by hybridizing a sweet corn inbred line and a large embryo inbred line as a male parent, and hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain a double hybrid F1; the large embryo inbred line is a high oil corn inbred line;
(2) screening seeds with large embryo characters in the double cross hybrid F1 for planting, bagging and selfing a single plant to obtain F2 generations;
(3) screening seeds with large embryo shrinkage phenotype from the ears of the F2 generation to form ear rows, simultaneously carrying out iodine staining on pollen of each plant, and selecting the plants with the pollen staining rate of 50% for bagging and selfing to obtain an F3 generation; the genotype of the plant with the pollen staining rate of 50% comprises Wxwx gegegegegesu 1su1 or Wxwx gegegegesh 2sh 2;
(4) planting the F3 generation into ear rows, carrying out iodine staining on each individual plant pollen, and selecting plants with the pollen staining rate of 100% for selfing to obtain an F4 generation; the genotype of the plant with the pollen staining rate of 100% comprises wxwx;
(5) planting the F4 generations into ear rows, and selecting the ear rows with the emergence rate higher than 80% to obtain a large-embryo sweet glutinous self-bred line F5 generations;
(6) bagging the F5-generation single plants for continuous selfing for 3-4 generations to obtain a sweet-glutinous double-hidden corn selfing line with a high seedling rate;
the waxy corn inbred line comprises a waxy corn gene wxwx;
the sweet corn inbred line comprises a sweet corn gene su1su1 or sh2sh 2;
the large embryo inbred line comprises a large embryo gene gege.
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