CN1097237A

CN1097237A - The splitting method and the splitter thereof that are used for exploitation of stone

Info

Publication number: CN1097237A
Application number: CN 93107359
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲来印
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-06-23
Filing date: 1993-06-23
Publication date: 1995-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2013-06-23
Also published as: CN1065946C

Abstract

The device that the invention belongs to the method for quarrying stone and be used for this method, mainly be to bore shallow bore hole on the rock mass, load onto the tension force splitter that the energy releaser is housed in the inner chamber of being made up of two halves metal column cell body in the shallow bore hole, after outside the hole, impelling energy to discharge, the tension force splitting rock that splitter is produced, solved the problem that efficient is low, labour intensity is big and lumber recovery is low that present manual exploitation and blasting excavation bring, the quarry that is suitable for exploiting any work stone.

Description

The splitting method and the splitter thereof that are used for exploitation of stone

The invention belongs to the method for quarrying stone and the device of quarrying stone.

At present, when some quarry exploitation building stones, still adopt the method for manual splitting mostly, promptly manual according to the exploitation lumpiness on the rock massif with the true some wedge shape eyes of iron, plug the metal chock, beat with iron hammer successively, until work stone is separated from rock mass.Work stone can separate from rock mass, is that efficient is low, labour intensity is big because the tension force that the chock inclined-plane produces during greater than the tensile strength of rock, at first begins to split from top to bottom from rock surface, and this exploitation method belongs to original manual exploitation.The exploitation method that blows up with dynamite is also arranged at present, promptly on rock mass, bore some very dark boreholes (be equivalent to exploit height 70%), load onto explosive or fuse arming test experiment initiation, blow out exploitation so also cry with rig.This method acts directly in the rock mass owing to explosive force, and detonation wave propagation around rock mass, and the therefore very difficult one-tenth wood property of controlling rock produces a lot of waste materials, but also produces microfissure, has influenced the quality of sheet material after work stone is separated with saw.Though what have takes controlled blasting or the explosion of Static crushing agent static(al) in the hope of reaching the purpose of exploitation monoblock work stone, but effect is still not good, its key is that explosive charge power or the quiet expansive force of Static crushing agent act on borehole all directions all around, rather than act directly on the exploitation outline line, do not make full use of splitting of rock and separate characteristic.And to bore very dark borehole during explosion, and darker more difficult boring, the jewel hole engineering quantity is big, and efficiency is low.

Purpose of the present invention, be for overcoming the big deficiency of the low labour intensity of manual splitting method efficient and the deficiency of blasting excavation method jewel hole engineering quantity great achievement wood property difference, make full use of the characteristic that rock wall splits, a kind of tension force splitting method and the tension force splitter that is used for this method are provided, improve the quality of becoming a useful person of mechanization degree, efficiency and the work stone of work stone exploitation.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, at the some shallow bore holes of rock mass surface upper edge exploitation outline line brill separated by a distance, in the hole, load onto the tension force splitter that contains the energy releaser, and make the joint close of splitter consistent with the exploitation outline line, impel the energy releaser to release energy outside the hole, this energy gets off work stone splitting from the rock mass by the tension force that splitter is converted to perpendicular to the exploitation outline line.Key is to have designed a kind of tension force splitter in the method for the present invention.The structure of tension force splitter is, is made up of two halves metal column cell body, and two narrow has the perforated metal column in top of inner chamber to hold body to be one together, and two narrow to back elastic ring banding together, loads onto the energy releaser by the top in inner chamber.Energy releaser such as chemical explosive, chemical combustion thing, chemically expansible thing, physical expansion thing etc.

The operating principle of splitter is, outside the hole, impel the energy releaser to be released into energy after, this energy makes the splitter two halves respectively to the both sides extruding, forms the tension force perpendicular to outline line, makes rock produce the presplitting slit, rives fully until rock.Should be mentioned that here that because of splitter is not an airtight housing load onto explosive and also can not resemble and explode the bomb, rock is a fragile material, its tensile strength is much smaller than the compressive strength of ductile metal, so splitter is reusable.

1., make full use of the physical chemistry energy splitting rock that the characteristic of rock splitting and explosive etc. produce advantage of the present invention is, but, changed handwork and improved efficient, reduced labour intensity; 2. changed traditional blasting method, made work stone lumber recovery height, when separating the dalle of polishing as saw especially, the yield rate height of sheet material does not contain microfissure; 3., only bore shallow bore hole (10-15 centimetre) at rock surface, fast tens times than common blasting procedure drilling deep hole, construction easily, speed is fast.Therefore the present invention is a kind of stone mining method of quick high-quality of mechanization.

Provide two embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is for implementing the schematic diagram of this method exploitation work stone with the explosive type splitter;

Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of explosive type splitter;

Fig. 3 is the cut-away view of intumescent splitter;

Marginal data: 1-rock mass, 2-boring, 3-explosive type splitter, 4-exploding wire, the 5-power supply that detonates, 6-splitter left side halfbody, the right halfbody of 7-splitter, 8-wire spring circle, 9-apparatus to cause bursting, 10-explosive, 11-apical pore eye, 12-dilatant.

Embodiment one, (with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2) during the exploitation work stone, at first make a call to a shallow eye of row (2), eye distance 20-40 centimetre, dark 10-20 centimetre of eye at rock mass (1) upper edge exploitation outline line at a distance of certain distance; Half (6,7) about splitter are closed to use turn (8) banding together pack into explosive (9) and apparatus to cause bursting (10) from top-portion apertures (11); Ready-made splitter is put into one by one shallow eye again, noted the consistent with the rock cleavage direction to bad mold joint of two halves during placement, will go between outside the hole at last (4) are associated in together, are connected on the power supply that detonates (5), and the personnel of withdrawing from can be detonated.

As Fig. 2, the left and right sides two halves metal cell body (6,7) of splitter is semi-circular cell body, is processed with two road annular grooves on its side, is used for the setting-in elastic ring.Elastic ring is with wire spring circle (8).Turn (8) tightens together two halves cell body (6,7) before blast, and the instant of detonation two halves open the splitting rock, and two halves cell body (6,7) is resetted.The diameter outline of splitter is convenient to install less than the diameter of shallow bore hole.The diameter of center vallecular cavity is greater than the critical blast diameter that equals explosive.The wall thickness of cell body is greater than 5 millimeters.As 41 millimeters of the shallow bore hole diameters that bore, the splitter diameter is 40 millimeters, when using ammonium nitrate explosive, splits and thickly is designed to 7.5 millimeters, and intracavity diameter is 25 millimeters.The length of splitter is decided according to explosive payload, adorns 25 as each and restrains then that length is 15 millimeters.Explosive (9) will be selected the explosive that brisance is low, explosion velocity is low, detonation gas is many for use.Apparatus to cause bursting is decided on the explosive kind.It is quick-fried that direct drug injection is harvested the son point as with the splitting of black powder single hole the time, ignites with instantaneous cap or with the firing head of section delay detonator during the porous splitting; As using blasting cap initiation with other class explosives such as ammonium nitrate classes.

Embodiment two, (with reference to Fig. 3), Fig. 3 has provided the structure chart of intumescent splitter, its shell mechanism is identical with the explosive type splitter, just adorns to such an extent that be dilatant (11) in inner chamber, dilatant optional commercially available static(al) blasting agent (expansion agent) or calcium oxide.During quarrying stone, with the intumescent splitter that dilatant is housed pack into (as embodiment one) in the big gun hole on the rock mass, volume swells in the big gun hole or directly add suitable quantity of water, dilatant chance water in the splitter apical pore after then, and extruding produces tension force to both sides to make splitter.Thereby make rock produce the crack, exploit out work stone.

Claims

1, a kind of from the rock mass the splitting method of quarrying stone, it is characterized in that, shallow bore hole on rock mass surface upper edge exploitation outline line brill separated by a distance, in the hole, load onto the splitter that contains the energy releaser, make the joint close of splitter consistent with the exploitation outline line, impel the energy releaser to release energy outside the hole, the tension force that splitter produces gets off work stone splitting from the rock mass.

2, the splitter that uses of a kind of method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, with elastic ring with two halves metal column cell body banding, forms one have inner chamber, top perforated metal column appearance body, the energy releaser is housed in inner chamber.

3, splitter according to claim 2 is characterized in that the energy releaser in the splitter is an explosive, the low explosion velocity of preferably low brisance, and the explosive that detonation gas is big, and apparatus to cause bursting is housed.

4, splitter according to claim 2 is characterized in that the energy releaser in the splitter is a dilatant, as Static crushing agent, calcium oxide etc.

5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when using the splitter of claim 3, and be at hole external application power supply by the explosive in the apparatus to cause bursting ignition splitter.

6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when using the splitter of claim 4, or add an amount of water in export-oriented hole, hole in the splitter.