CN109723602B

CN109723602B - Open caisson float type bidirectional constant driving force tidal power generation unit

Info

Publication number: CN109723602B
Application number: CN201910056559.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建排
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-01-22
Filing date: 2019-01-22
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-22
Also published as: CN109723602A

Abstract

Open caisson float-type two-way constant drive power tidal power generation unit belongs to tidal power generation technical field, including open caisson, the float assembly of setting in the open caisson, with the supporting drive mechanism who is connected of float assembly, the open caisson bottom is equipped with into drain pipe, its inlet outlet and sea intercommunication, be equipped with into the management and control device of drainage in the middle of the inlet drain pipe, drive mechanism is board-like chain drive mechanism and is connected with constant torque generating set, the float assembly is including setting up float and supporting direction slip pair, setting up the positioning mechanism on float displacement direction in the open caisson.

Description

Open caisson float type bidirectional constant driving force tidal power generation unit

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tidal power generation, and particularly relates to a sunk well float type bidirectional constant-driving-force tidal power generation unit.

Background

Sea tides are the process of rising and falling of the sea level due to the gravitational force of the moon; the tidal energy caused by the gravity of the moon is inexhaustible clean energy, and is stable without the influence of other factors such as climate and the like. Conventional tidal power generation devices generally employ: firstly, the cofferdam type tidal power generation device can realize a high-power generation mode, but has the defects of large floor area, influence of geographical environment selection, incapability of continuously outputting stable power, low energy utilization rate (only 5 percent) and the like; the other is that the blade-type tidal power generation device used on the sea generates power by the advancing and retreating tidal currents formed in the rising and descending processes of the tidal water, and the mode also has the defects of small power generation power, low change rate, easy damage of the device by storm sea tides and the like, so the devices are rarely applied widely due to poor implementation. Therefore, how to design and utilize tidal energy, improve utilization efficiency and solve the problem of occupied land becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a sunk well float type bidirectional constant driving force tidal power generation unit, which fundamentally improves the utilization efficiency of tidal energy by improving the structures of a float assembly and a transmission mechanism and has the characteristics of small occupied area, simple structure and low construction cost.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: open caisson float-type bidirectional constant driving force tidal power generation unit comprises an open caisson, a float assembly arranged in the open caisson, and a transmission mechanism connected with the float assembly in a matched manner, wherein a water inlet and outlet pipe, a water inlet and outlet port of the water inlet and outlet pipe and sea communication are arranged at the bottom of the open caisson, a water inlet and outlet pipe control device is arranged in the middle of the water inlet and outlet pipe, the transmission mechanism is a plate-type chain driving mechanism and is connected with a constant torque generator set, and the float assembly comprises a float arranged in the open caisson, a matched guide sliding pair and a positioning mechanism arranged in the float displacement direction.

Furthermore, the floater comprises a floating box, an exhaust port arranged on the upper end surface of the floating box and a water inlet and outlet arranged on the lower end surface of the floating box; and the exhaust port and the water inlet and outlet are respectively provided with an electric control stop valve.

Furthermore, the positioning mechanism comprises a driving mechanism arranged in the inner wall of the open caisson and a locking plate which is connected with the driving mechanism by virtue of an intermediate transmission mechanism and has horizontal displacement freedom degree; the middle transmission mechanism comprises a gear connected with the driving mechanism and a rack meshed with the gear, and the locking plate is connected with the rack and sleeved in a guide hole in the inner wall of the open caisson.

Furthermore, a water wheel generating device is arranged in the water inlet and outlet pipe.

Further, a water level sensor is arranged in the open caisson and the floater assembly.

Further, the plate-type chain driving mechanism comprises a plate-type chain assembly formed by sequentially connecting plate-type chain links and a box body penetrating the plate-type chain assembly to perform power conversion and storage, a driven chain wheel meshed with the plate-type chain assembly, a locking mechanism used for closing adjacent plate-type chain links and a guide wheel and a steering guide rail for guiding the plate-type chain assembly to realize longitudinal and transverse conversion in the box body are arranged in the box body, and an input shaft of the constant-torque generator set is coaxially connected with the driven chain wheel.

Furthermore, one end of the plate-type chain assembly is positioned on the upper end face of the caisson, and the other end of the plate-type chain assembly is led into the box body by means of the guide wheels and the steering guide rails to be stored.

Furthermore, the plate-type chain link comprises a chain link unit and a connecting plate, wherein the chain link unit mainly comprises two transmission pin shafts, two link pin shafts and two symmetrical chain plates, and the connecting plate is used for connecting adjacent chain link units; sliding sleeves are arranged on the transmission pin shaft and the link pin shaft; and the end surfaces of two chain plates with adjacent chain link units in contact are respectively provided with a positioning groove and a positioning boss which are matched, and the chain plates are distributed with transverse ribs for resisting impact load.

Further, locking mechanism is including setting up locking lever and latch hook on the transmission pin axle in adjacent chain link unit respectively and supporting unlocking wheel and the locking wheel of setting in the box, the locking lever free end be provided with latch hook complex locking groove, it has the unlocking lever to articulate in the locking groove, the latch hook articulates on the transmission pin axle with the help of the torsional spring, has 30-45 degrees rotational degree of freedom.

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the invention are as follows: by designing the plate type chain driving mechanism and the constant-torque power generation equipment, the speed of the floater assembly keeps a constant value in the ascending and descending processes, so that the electric energy generated by the whole tidal power generation unit keeps a constant numerical value, and the online transmission of the electric energy is facilitated; the tidal power generation unit has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied space and high utilization efficiency of tidal power.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a float assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a plate chain drive mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a plate link;

FIG. 6 is a state of the locking mechanism about to be locked;

FIG. 7 is a state of the locking mechanism about to be unlocked;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the locking lever;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the other side of the locking bar;

in the drawings: 1 is an open caisson, 1-1 is a water inlet and outlet pipe, 2-1 is a guide sliding pair, 2-2 is a floater, 2-2-1 is an open caisson, 2-2-2 is an exhaust port, 2-2-3 is a water inlet and outlet port, 2-3 is a positioning mechanism, 2-3-1 is a driving mechanism, 2-3-2 is a locking plate, 4 is a plate chain driving mechanism, 4-1 is a plate chain assembly, 4-1-1 is a transmission pin shaft, 4-1-2 is a link pin shaft, 4-1-3 is a chain plate, 4-1-4 is a connecting plate, 4-1-5 is a sliding sleeve, 4-1-6 is a positioning groove, 4-1-7 is a positioning boss, 4-2 is a box body, 4-3 is a driven chain wheel, 4-4 is a guide wheel, 4-5 is a steering guide rail, 4-6-1 is a lock rod, 4-6-2 is a lock hook, 4-6-3 is an unlocking wheel, 4-6-4 is a lock wheel, 4-6-5 is a lock groove, 4-6-6 is an unlocking rod, and 4-7 is a locking mechanism.

Detailed Description

Referring to the attached drawings 1-9, the caisson float type bidirectional constant driving force tidal power generation unit comprises a caisson 1, a float assembly arranged in the caisson 1 and a transmission mechanism connected with the float assembly in a matching way, wherein a water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1 is arranged at the bottom of the caisson 1, a water inlet and outlet port of the caisson is communicated with the sea, a water inlet and outlet pipe control device is arranged in the middle of the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1, the transmission mechanism is a plate type chain driving mechanism 4 and is connected with a constant torque generator set, and the float assembly comprises a float 2-2 arranged in the caisson 1, a matched guide sliding pair 2-1 and a positioning mechanism 2-3 arranged in the displacement direction of the float 2-2. The control device is an electric control switch plate valve, and a hydraulic turbine generating device is arranged in the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1. And water level sensors are arranged in the open caisson 1 and the floater assembly. The floater 2-2 comprises a floating caisson 2-2-1, an exhaust port 2-2-2 arranged on the upper end face of the floating caisson 2-2-1 and a water inlet and outlet 2-2-3 arranged on the lower end face of the floating caisson 2-2-1; the exhaust port 2-2-2 and the water inlet and outlet 2-2-3 are respectively provided with an electric control stop valve. The positioning mechanism 2-3 comprises a driving mechanism 2-3-1 arranged in the inner wall of the open caisson 1 and a locking plate 2-3-2 which is connected with the driving mechanism 2-3-1 by an intermediate transmission mechanism and has horizontal displacement freedom; the middle transmission mechanism comprises a gear connected with the driving mechanism 2-3-1 and a rack meshed with the gear, and the locking plate 2-3-2 is connected with the rack and sleeved in a guide hole in the inner wall of the open caisson 1.

The plate type chain driving mechanism 4 comprises a plate type chain assembly 4-1 formed by sequentially connecting plate type chain links and a box body 4-2 for power conversion and storage of the penetrated plate type chain assembly 4-1, a driven chain wheel 4-3 meshed with the plate type chain assembly 4-1, a locking mechanism for closing adjacent plate type chain links, a guide wheel 4-4 for guiding the plate type chain assembly 4-1 to realize longitudinal and transverse conversion in the box body 4-2 and a steering guide rail 4-5 are arranged in the box body 4-2, and an input shaft of the constant-torque generator set is coaxially connected with the driven chain wheel 4-3. One end of the plate-type chain assembly 4-1 is positioned on the upper end face of the caisson 2-2-1, and the other end of the plate-type chain assembly is led into the box body 4-2 by means of the guide wheels 4-4 and the steering guide rails 4-5 to be stored. A locking mechanism 4-7 for positioning the free end of the plate-type chain assembly 4-1 is also arranged in the box body 4-2. The locking mechanism 4-7 comprises a telescopic cylinder arranged in the box body 4-2 and a positioning plate arranged on the telescopic cylinder.

The plate type chain link comprises a chain link unit and a connecting plate 4-1-4, wherein the chain link unit mainly comprises two transmission pin shafts 4-1-1, two link pin shafts 4-1-2 and two symmetrical chain plates 4-1-3; the transmission pin shaft 4-1-1 and the link pin shaft 4-1-2 are both provided with sliding sleeves 4-1-5; two chain plate end faces of adjacent chain unit contacts are respectively provided with a positioning groove 4-1-6 and a positioning boss 4-1-7 which are matched, and transverse ribs for resisting impact load are distributed on the chain plates 4-1-3. The locking mechanism comprises a lock rod 4-6-1 and a lock hook 4-6-2 which are respectively arranged on a transmission pin shaft 4-1-1 in an adjacent chain link unit, and an unlocking wheel 4-6-3 and a locking wheel 4-6-4 which are arranged in a box body 4-2 in a matching manner, wherein a locking groove 4-6-5 matched with the lock hook 4-6-2 is arranged at the free end of the lock rod 4-6-1, an unlocking rod 4-6-6 is hinged in the locking groove 4-6-5, and the lock hook 4-6-2 is hinged on the transmission pin shaft 4-1-1 by means of a torsion spring and has 30-45-degree rotation freedom. The unlocking rod 4-6-6 is inverted U-shaped and is provided with a cambered surface structure matched with the unlocking wheel 4-6-3. The side part of the locking hook 4-6-2 is provided with a contact arc surface matched with the locking wheel 4-6-4. And a friction ball is embedded on the lock tongue in the lock hook 4-6-2. Is used for increasing the friction force when the lock tongue in the lock hook 4-6-2 is inserted into the locking groove 4-6-5 in the lock rod 4-6-1. The unlocking rod 4-6-6 is further improved by the following steps: the unlocking rod 4-6-6 is hinged in the locking groove 4-6-5 by means of a torsion spring, the maximum elastic deformation force of the torsion spring is far smaller than the friction force when the lock tongue is spliced with the locking groove 4-6-5 in the locking rod 4-6-1, and the torsion spring plays a role in resetting the unlocking rod 4-6-6.

The connecting plates 4-1-4 are hinged with the connecting pin shafts 4-1-2 in the adjacent pin teeth respectively, so that the connecting plates 4-1-4 and the two adjacent pin teeth respectively have rotational freedom degrees, and the flexible steering of the plate-type chain assembly 4-1 is realized. The transmission pin shaft 4-1-1 is meshed with the driven chain wheel 4-3. More specifically, sliding sleeves 4-1-5 are arranged on the transmission pin shaft 4-1-1 and the link pin shaft 4-1-2. The distance between two transmission pin shafts 4-1-1 and the distance between two link pin shafts 4-1-2 in the same chain link unit are respectively equal to the distance between the transmission pin shafts 4-1-1 and the distance between the adjacent link pin shafts 4-1-2 in the adjacent chain link unit. The driven chain wheel 4-3 is meshed with the chain link unit, so that the plate type chain assembly 4-1 is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state or from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and the effect of reducing the size is achieved.

In specific implementation, after seawater flood tide begins, the control circuit controls the opening and closing plate valve of the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1 to be opened, seawater enters the open caisson 1 through the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1, the hydraulic power generation equipment in the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1 generates power in the process, and the generated current is mainly supplied to the control circuit for use; the seawater is continuously poured into the open caisson 1, when the water level sensor in the open caisson 1 detects that the water level in the open caisson 1 overflows the floating caisson 2-2-1, the control circuit controls the positioning mechanism 2-3 to remove the limit state of the floating caisson 2-2-1, at this time, the empty caisson 2-2-1 is upwards supported along the direction of the guide sliding pair 2-1 by the buoyancy of seawater until the caisson moves to the top dead center position of the guide sliding pair 2-1, then the control circuit controls the positioning mechanism 2-3 to lock the empty caisson 2-2-1 at the top dead center position of the guide sliding pair 2-1, in the process, tidal energy is converted into electric energy through the plate-type chain assembly 4-1, the driven chain wheel 4-3 and the constant-torque generator set connected with the driven chain wheel 4-3; when the water level sensor detects that the water level in the open caisson 1 is not changed, the control circuit controls the electric control stop valves in the exhaust port 2-2-2 and the water inlet and outlet port 2-2-3 to be opened, seawater is filled into the caisson 2-2-1, and when the water level sensor in the caisson 2-2-1 detects that the caisson 2-2-1 is full of seawater, the control circuit controls the electric control stop valves in the exhaust port 2-2-2 and the water inlet and outlet port 2-2-3 to be opened and closed; in the process that the caisson 2-2-1 rises, the rising speed of the caisson 2-2-1 is kept constant through the structural characteristics of the plate-type chain driving mechanism 4 and the constant-torque generator set, so that the current generated by the tidal power generation device is kept stable, meanwhile, the reduction of devices required by uploading a power grid is facilitated, and the reduction of the production cost is facilitated.

After the seawater falls to tide, the seawater in the open caisson 1 flows out through the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1, the hydraulic turbine generating equipment in the water inlet and outlet pipe 1-1 generates power in the process, and the generated current is mainly supplied to the control circuit for use; when a water level sensor in the open caisson 1 detects that the water level in the open caisson 1 is completely discharged, the control circuit controls the positioning mechanism 2-3 to remove the limiting state of the buoyancy tank 2-2-1, the buoyancy tank 2-2-1 moves downwards under the gravity of the buoyancy tank 2-2-1 filled with seawater until the buoyancy tank reaches the bottom dead center position of the guide sliding pair 2-1, then the control circuit controls the positioning mechanism 2-3 to lock the empty buoyancy tank 2-2-1 at the bottom dead center position of the guide sliding pair 2-1, and in the process, tidal energy is converted into electric energy through the plate type chain component 4-1, the driven chain wheel 4-3 and the constant-torque generator set connected with the driven chain wheel 4-3; then the control circuit controls the opening of an electric control stop valve in the exhaust port 2-2-2 and the water inlet and outlet port 2-2-3, seawater flows out of the buoyancy tank 2-2-1, and when a water level sensor in the buoyancy tank 2-2-1 detects that the buoyancy tank 2-2-1 discharges the seawater completely, the control circuit controls the opening and closing of the electric control stop valve in the exhaust port 2-2-2 and the water inlet and outlet port 2-2-3; in the process that the caisson 2-2-1 rises, the descending speed of the caisson 2-2-1 is kept at a fixed value through the structural characteristics of the plate type chain driving mechanism 4 and the constant torque generator set.

Claims

1. The caisson float type bidirectional constant-driving-force tidal power generation unit comprises a caisson (1), a float assembly and a transmission mechanism, wherein the float assembly is arranged in the caisson (1), the transmission mechanism is connected with the float assembly in a matched mode, a water inlet and outlet pipe (1-1) is arranged at the bottom of the caisson (1), a water inlet and outlet port of the caisson is communicated with the sea, and a water inlet and outlet pipe control device is arranged in the middle of the water inlet and outlet pipe (1-1), and the caisson float assembly is characterized in that the transmission mechanism is a plate-type chain driving mechanism (4) and is connected with a constant-torque generator set, and comprises a float (2-2) and a matched guide sliding pair (2-1) which are arranged in the caisson (1) and a positioning mechanism (2-3) which is arranged in the displacement direction of; the plate type chain driving mechanism (4) comprises a plate type chain assembly (4-1) formed by sequentially connecting plate type chain links and a box body (4-2) for power conversion and storage of the penetrated plate type chain assembly (4-1), a driven chain wheel (4-3) meshed with the plate type chain assembly (4-1), a locking mechanism for closing adjacent plate type chain links and a guide wheel (4-4) and a steering guide rail (4-5) for guiding the plate type chain assembly (4-1) to realize longitudinal and transverse conversion in the box body (4-2) are arranged in the box body (4-2), and an input shaft of the constant-torque generator set is coaxially connected with the driven chain wheel (4-3);

one end of the plate-type chain assembly (4-1) is positioned on the upper end face of the caisson (2-2-1), and the other end of the plate-type chain assembly is introduced into the box body (4-2) by virtue of the guide wheels (4-4) and the steering guide rails (4-5) for storage;

the plate type chain link comprises a chain link unit and a connecting plate (4-1-4), wherein the chain link unit mainly comprises two transmission pin shafts (4-1-1), two link pin shafts (4-1-2) and two symmetrical chain plates (4-1-3); sliding sleeves (4-1-5) are arranged on the transmission pin shaft (4-1-1) and the link pin shaft (4-1-2); two end faces of the two chain plates which are contacted with the adjacent chain link units are respectively provided with a positioning groove (4-1-6) and a positioning boss (4-1-7) which are matched with each other, and transverse ribs for resisting impact load are distributed on the chain plates (4-1-3);

the locking mechanism comprises a lock rod (4-6-1) and a lock hook (4-6-2) which are respectively arranged on a transmission pin shaft (4-1-1) in an adjacent chain link unit, and an unlocking wheel (4-6-3) and a locking wheel (4-6-4) which are arranged in a box body (4-2) in a matching manner, wherein a locking groove (4-6-5) matched with the lock hook (4-6-2) is formed in the free end of the lock rod (4-6-1), an unlocking rod (4-6-6) is hinged in the locking groove (4-6-5), and the lock hook (4-6-2) is hinged on the transmission pin shaft (4-1-1) by means of a torsion spring and has 30-45-degree of rotational freedom.

2. The caisson float-type bidirectional constant-drive-force tidal power generation unit of claim 1, wherein: the floater (2-2) comprises a floating caisson (2-2-1), an exhaust port (2-2-2) arranged on the upper end face of the floating caisson (2-2-1) and a water inlet and outlet (2-2-3) arranged on the lower end face of the floating caisson (2-2-1); the exhaust port (2-2-2) and the water inlet and outlet (2-2-3) are respectively provided with an electric control stop valve.

3. The caisson float-type bidirectional constant-drive-force tidal power generation unit of claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism (2-3) comprises a driving mechanism (2-3-1) arranged in the inner wall of the open caisson (1) and a locking plate (2-3-2) which is connected with the driving mechanism (2-3-1) by means of an intermediate transmission mechanism and has horizontal displacement freedom degree; the middle transmission mechanism comprises a gear connected with the driving mechanism (2-3-1) and a rack meshed with the gear, and the locking plate (2-3-2) is connected with the rack and sleeved in a guide hole in the inner wall of the open caisson (1).

4. The caisson float-type bidirectional constant-drive-force tidal power generation unit of claim 1, wherein: and a water wheel generating device is arranged in the water inlet and outlet pipe (1-1).

5. The caisson float-type bidirectional constant-drive-force tidal power generation unit of claim 1, wherein: and water level sensors are arranged in the open caisson (1) and the floater assembly.