CN109723475B - Waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for hard rock tunnel and application of waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process - Google Patents
Waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for hard rock tunnel and application of waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for a hard rock tunnel and application thereof, wherein the process comprises the following steps: step 1, base surface pretreatment; cleaning a base surface; step 2, preparing equipment; step 3, preparing slurry: mixing the main material of the spraying material and water on site to prepare slurry; step 4, spraying a first layer of waterproof coating, wherein the first layer of waterproof coating is orange waterproof coating; step 5, curing the sprayed first layer of waterproof coating; step 6, spraying a second layer of waterproof coating, wherein the second layer of waterproof coating is gray waterproof coating; step 7, curing the sprayed second layer of waterproof coating; and 8, spraying the concrete. The waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for the hard rock tunnel is applied to a dry or damp rock base surface without open water; the invention has the trend of replacing the existing waterproof board in the waterproof construction of the underground engineering of the composite lining, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waterproof construction processes, in particular to a waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for a hard rock tunnel and application thereof.
Background
At present, the subway tunnel mostly adopts a waterproof structure of geotextile and waterproof board, wherein the common plastic waterproof board mainly comprises products such as EVA, PVC, PE, LDPE, HDPE and the like. However, the waterproof sheet has the following disadvantages:
1) the base surface of the field waterproof layer is rough, which is not beneficial to laying waterproof boards; 2) the waterproof board is not tight in joint and is easy to damage; 3) the waterproof board hanging and laying process has defects; 4) the protection of the waterproof layer is insufficient; 5) the welding toxic gas has certain influence on the health of operators; 6) due to the difference between the technical level of operators and the work responsibility, weak links such as missing welding, insufficient welding and the like are easy to occur in the laying of the waterproof board, and the tunnel leakage is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a hard rock tunnel waterproof type single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process and application thereof, so that at least the spraying waterproof material is tightly attached to the wall surface, various rugged complex interfaces can be well adapted, and the construction process has good adaptability to the special environment of tunnel engineering, namely the conditions of high humidity and wet wall surface.
From the middle of the last century, new spray film-forming waterproof methods have been proposed in swiss, germany, uk, japan, china, and other countries to replace the polymer coil. The method has the advantages of uniform quality, no joint, excellent durability, quick and convenient construction, good integrity and liquid medicine spraying film forming, is successfully researched in some countries and is continuously put into practice in some tunnel projects. The spraying waterproof technology has the advantages of being fast in construction, close to a base surface, flame-retardant, good in breakage resistance, capable of effectively achieving partition waterproof, small in later maintenance and repair workload and the like, achieves the effect that a conventional waterproof board is difficult to be compared with a waterproof effect, gradually obtains industry people, is generally accepted, and has wider and wider application prospects.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for the hard rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
step 1, base surface pretreatment; the base surface is cleaned, so that the subsequent spraying of the waterproof coating is facilitated.
step 6, cleaning the first layer of waterproof coating, and then spraying a second layer of waterproof coating, wherein the second layer of waterproof coating is gray waterproof coating;
step 7, curing the sprayed second layer of waterproof coating;
and 8, cleaning the second layer of waterproof coating, and then spraying concrete.
The properties of the first layer of waterproof coating and the second layer of waterproof coating are the same except for the colors, and the reason for adopting two kinds of color spraying waterproof materials is as follows:
the use of an orange spray waterproof material will help to visualize 100% coverage. The application of the orange spray waterproofing material can significantly ensure that the sprayed concrete base surface is completely covered. Likewise, the application of a second layer of gray spray waterproof material provides a good color contrast with the first layer, which is orange, further ensuring complete coverage. The degree of coverage can be observed visually directly, and a working platform or a mobile lifting device can be used if necessary. In areas not covered by the spray-on waterproofing material, it is indicated with paint to make it easier for workers to repair.
Preferably, in step 1, the base surface pretreatment comprises:
s1, firstly washing a rock base plane;
s2, cleaning pollutants such as cement slurry, loose bodies, dust, dirt, oil, grease and the like on the base surface of the rock;
s3, spraying a first layer of concrete on the cleaned rock base surface;
s4, if the rock surface sprayed with the first layer of concrete is rough, making a leveling layer with the thickness of 20 mm; and if the rock surface sprayed with the first layer of concrete has visible water seepage, adopting a grouting mode to block water or arranging geotextile for draining water.
The base surface pretreatment is to correspondingly clean different rock base surfaces so as to clean the base surfaces and facilitate the subsequent spraying of waterproof paint.
Preferably, in the step 3, the main material of the spraying material is EVA, and simultaneously includes calcium carbonate, portland cement, and iron oxide.
Preferably, before the step 4, a spraying process test is performed to determine the water-cement ratio of the waterproof coating, and the air pressure and the water pressure during spraying. The experimental spraying provides a basis for the subsequent spraying of the first layer of waterproof coating.
Preferably, in the step 4, after the first layer of waterproof coating is sprayed in a trial mode, the thickness of sprayed waterproof is detected, and if the thickness is not qualified, the step 3 is carried out to carry out additional spraying or painting on the first layer of waterproof material; and 5, if the thickness of the sprayed waterproof is qualified, performing the step 5.
Preferably, in the step 5, the weather such as burning sun, rain, frost and the like is avoided within 12 hours after the first layer of waterproof coating is sprayed, and the step 6 is performed after 12 hours.
Preferably, in the step 6, the spraying moving line of the second layer of waterproof coating material is sprayed in a manner of moving left and right, up and down, and spirally, the distance between the nozzle and the base surface is 1 to 1.5m, and the spraying speed is 0.3 to 0.5 m/s.
Preferably, the second layer of waterproof coating is prevented from burning sun, rain, frost and other weather within 12 hours after the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, and the second layer of concrete is sprayed after 12 hours of curing.
Preferably, in the step 6, after the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, the accumulated thickness of sprayed waterproof is detected, and if the detection is not qualified, the step 6 is performed again to perform additional spraying or painting on the second layer of waterproof material; and 7, if the accumulated thickness of the sprayed waterproof is qualified, performing the step 7.
The average dosage of the two layers of waterproof coating is1.0kg/ m2The construction process inspects whether the dosage of the waterproof coating reaches the standard or not, and adopts the judgment of measuring the thickness of the waterproof coating, namely the dosage of the waterproof coating reaches the standard if the thickness of the waterproof coating meets the requirement, otherwise the dosage of the waterproof coating does not reach the standard.
The application of the hard rock tunnel waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process is applied to dry or damp rock base planes without open water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the spray coating waterproof material is closely attached to the wall surface, can better adapt to various uneven complex interfaces, and has no special requirements on construction environment and conditions;
2. the waterproof coating film has enough bonding strength and impermeability, and the quality is easy to ensure when the film is used for treating the corners such as internal corners and external corners;
3. the invention has better adaptability to the special environment of tunnel engineering, namely the conditions of high humidity and moist wall surface, namely tiny water seepage is blocked by the adhesive force of spraying; when the water seepage amount is large, grouting is assisted to block water, so that a better waterproof effect can be obtained;
4. the invention has simple construction and convenient operation, can greatly shorten the construction period, has the tendency of replacing the prior waterproof board in the waterproof construction of the underground engineering with the composite lining, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overlapping of the waterproof material according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a second layer of waterproof coating material spraying movement route in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a finished product after construction in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the hard rock tunnel waterproof type single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process comprises the following steps:
step 1, base surface pretreatment; the method comprises the steps of firstly washing pollutants such as cement-free slurry, loose bodies, dust, dirt, oil, grease and the like on the rock base surface by using clear water to achieve the purpose of cleaning the whole rock base surface. Spraying a first layer of concrete 1 on the cleaned rock base surface to form a mortar base surface; and the state of the sprayed first layer of concrete 1 is inspected, and after the first layer of concrete 1 is sprayed, a 20 mm-thick leveling layer 11 is made on the rough rock surface; after the first layer of concrete 1 is sprayed, the rock surface has visible water seepage, and then water is blocked by adopting a grouting mode, or geotextile is arranged for drainage, so that no open water exists on the first layer of concrete 1.
Step 6, cleaning the first layer of waterproof material, and spraying a second layer of waterproof coating, wherein the second layer of waterproof coating is gray waterproof coating; when the second layer of waterproof coating material is sprayed on the base surface, the spray is moved in a spray movement manner as shown in fig. 3, the distance from the nozzle to the base surface is 1 to 1.5m, preferably 1.2m, and the spray speed is 0.3 to 0.5m/s, preferably 0.4 m/s, and finally the spray is completed to form the second layer of waterproof film 3. As shown in fig. 2, before spraying the second layer of waterproof coating, the first layer of waterproof coating needs to be cleaned, and the first layer of waterproof coating and the second layer of waterproof coating are overlapped in a covering manner.
Step 7, curing the sprayed second layer of waterproof coating; namely, the weather such as burning sun, rain, frost and the like is avoided within 12 hours after the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, and the second layer of concrete is sprayed after 12 hours of maintenance. After the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, a waterproof film 4 is formed, the cumulative thickness of sprayed waterproofness, namely the thickness of the waterproof films of the first layer of waterproof film 2 and the second layer of waterproof film 3, is detected, if the detection is unqualified, the step 6 is carried out again, and the second layer of waterproof material is subjected to additional spraying or coated; and if the accumulated thickness of the sprayed waterproof layer is qualified, carrying out the next maintenance treatment.
And 8, cleaning the second layer of waterproof membrane 3, and then spraying the second layer of concrete 5, as shown in figures 4 and 5, so as to finish the waterproof construction.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The hard rock tunnel waterproof type single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process applied to dry or damp and open-water-free rock base planes is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, base surface pretreatment; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, washing a rock base plane;
s2, cleaning pollutants on a rock base surface, wherein the pollutants comprise no cement paste, loose bodies, dust, dirt and oil;
s3, spraying a first layer of concrete on the cleaned rock base surface to form a mortar base surface;
s4, carrying out state investigation on the sprayed first-layer concrete: if the rock surface after the first layer of concrete is sprayed is rough, making a leveling layer with the thickness of 20 mm; if the rock surface sprayed with the first layer of concrete has visible water seepage, adopting a grouting mode to block water, or arranging geotextile for draining water to ensure that no open water exists on the first layer of concrete;
step 2, equipment preparation: determining and debugging parameters of the injection equipment, and spraying by using a dry rotor machine;
step 3, preparing slurry: mixing the main material of the spraying material and water on site to prepare slurry; the main material of the spraying material is EVA, and simultaneously comprises calcium carbonate, Portland cement and ferric oxide;
step 4, cleaning the mortar base surface, and carrying out a spraying process test to determine the water-cement ratio of the waterproof coating, and the air pressure and the water pressure during spraying; then spraying a first layer of waterproof coating, wherein the first layer of waterproof coating is orange waterproof coating; after the first layer of waterproof coating is sprayed in a trial mode, detecting the thickness of sprayed waterproof, and if the thickness is not qualified, performing step 3 to perform additional spraying or brushing on the first layer of waterproof material; if the thickness of the sprayed waterproof is qualified, performing step 5;
and 5, curing the sprayed first layer of waterproof coating: after the first layer of waterproof coating is sprayed in a trial manner, burning sun, rain and frost weather are avoided within 12 hours, and the step 6 is carried out after 12 hours;
step 6, cleaning the first layer of waterproof coating, and then spraying a second layer of waterproof coating, wherein the second layer of waterproof coating is gray waterproof coating; spraying the spraying moving line of the second layer of waterproof coating in a mode of moving left and right, up and down and spirally, wherein the distance between the nozzle and the base surface is 1-1.5m, and the spraying speed is 0.3-0.5 m/s; after the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, detecting the accumulated thickness of sprayed waterproof, and if the detection is unqualified, performing step 6 again to perform additional spraying or brushing on the second layer of waterproof material; if the accumulated thickness of the sprayed waterproof is qualified, performing step 7;
step 7, curing the sprayed second layer of waterproof coating; avoiding burning sun, rain and frost in 12 hours after the second layer of waterproof coating is accurately sprayed, and spraying the second layer of concrete after the second layer of waterproof coating is maintained for 12 hours;
and 8, cleaning the second layer of waterproof coating, and then spraying concrete.
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| CN201910093402.3A CN109723475B (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process for hard rock tunnel and application of waterproof single-layer lining spraying waterproof construction process |
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| CN110284901A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-27 | 中铁二十五局集团第五工程有限公司 | Water proof type single shell lining structure and its construction technology |
| CN112554887A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 中国铁建投资集团有限公司 | Construction method of waterproof single-layer lining and waterproof single-layer lining structure |
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| CN103755286A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 郑家玉 | Efficient cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing coating as well as preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN104373138A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-25 | 中南大学 | Waterproof layer rebuilding construction method in repairing of tunnel lining structure |
| CN106351256A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-01-25 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | Pipe rack bottom waterproof construction method |
| CN206571506U (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-10-20 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of tunnel water proofing subregion construction using spraying waterproof technique |
| CN109057832A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 大连美宸特环保节能产品有限公司 | A kind of railway tunnel waterproof construction method |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103755286A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 郑家玉 | Efficient cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing coating as well as preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN104373138A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-25 | 中南大学 | Waterproof layer rebuilding construction method in repairing of tunnel lining structure |
| CN106351256A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-01-25 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | Pipe rack bottom waterproof construction method |
| CN206571506U (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-10-20 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of tunnel water proofing subregion construction using spraying waterproof technique |
| CN109057832A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 大连美宸特环保节能产品有限公司 | A kind of railway tunnel waterproof construction method |
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