CN109716891A - A kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method - Google Patents
A kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109716891A CN109716891A CN201910159954.XA CN201910159954A CN109716891A CN 109716891 A CN109716891 A CN 109716891A CN 201910159954 A CN201910159954 A CN 201910159954A CN 109716891 A CN109716891 A CN 109716891A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method, it the steps include: that S1, lotus field are excavated；S2, laying geomembrane；S3, alkali ditch (7) excavation is seeped；S4, alkali ditch (7) backfill is seeped；S5, row alkali ditch (6) excavate；S6, lotus field discharge water.Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1) salt discharge alkali high-efficient, speed is fast, and general current year can Lotus planting；2) low cost is not necessarily to other materials equipment in addition to low bank of earth between fields surrounding needs to lay geomembrane；3) remodeling method is simple, promotes convenient for a wide range of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkaline land improving technology, in particular to a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method.
Background technique
Alluvial plain of Huanghe was the ground for moving back sea originally, was the salt-soda soil not yet developed and used.The salt-soda soil is to fall to become silted up to be formed
New alluvial plain, the process for falling silt have passed through the mistake for starting that flow rate of water flow is fast, and then flows decrease, last water do not flow, and gradually dries up
Journey.When flow velocity is fast, the prop-carrying capacity of water is strong, can carry coarse sand, and with the decline of flow velocity, gravel becomes smaller, then becomes
Fine sand --- soil --- thin mud.Ultimately forming sandy soil-thin mud-sandy soil soil texture, i.e. soil top layer is mixing sandy soil,
Middle layer is the soil layer construction of fine and close red soil plate, and lower layer is mixing sandy soil.
Technology currently used for improveing salt-soda soil mainly has: 1 physical method, including engineering method such as hidden pipe arrange alkali, excavate
Arrange alkali irrigation canals and ditches etc., water conservancy method, to wash alkali；2 chemical methodes, using chemicals neutralisation, ion-exchange etc.；3 biologies
Method increases the humus of soil by planting saline alkali tolerant plant.To gradually improve soil texture, saline and alkaline influence is reduced.
The Lotus planting on salt-soda soil is that have the place at water source to improve the pretty good method of saline and alkaline one kind.But because one
A little technologies are unqualified, usually cannot just be succeeded in First Year.Although being put into enough water in lotus field, current year cannot be fine
Pressure alkali cleaning alkali, cause lotus rhizome growth it is bad, yield is very low or even cannot grow, and economic benefit is very poor.
Press alkali by discharging water in the heavy saline that heavy saline, especially salt content are more than 2%, the technology of Lotus planting into
It has gone test of many times, has had found to discharge water and press alkali is unsuccessful to have its source in sandy soil-thin mud-sandy soil soil texture, middle layer
Soil layer permeability for fine and close red soil plate is bad, causes to discharge water and alkali is pressed to be difficult to generate beneficial effect for a year or two.For this
One problem devises new lotus pool arrangement and method for construction, may be implemented that just the salt alkali content in soil is reduced to suitable for plantation for the year
Lotus rhizome plantation is realized in the requirement of lotus rhizome.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that according to HUANGHE ESTUARY salt-soda soil
Distinctive sandy soil-thin mud-sandy soil soil texture, i.e. soil top layer are mixing sandy soil, and middle layer is fine and close red soil
The soil layer construction of plate, lower layer are mixing sandy soil.Experience is improved in conjunction with many years, proposes following solution.
A kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
S1, lotus field are excavated: according to the size of lotus field, the low bank of earth between fields is arranged in ground excavation pit, and in the surrounding of foundation pit；
S2, laying geomembrane；Geomembrane is covered on the inside of the lotus field foundation pit surrounding excavated, prevents the water in lotus field from passing through
Low bank of earth between fields extravasation causes to collapse, and bottom of foundation ditch is without laying；
S3, seep alkali ditch excavation: the lotus field excavation of foundation pit after smooth seeps alkali ditch, and the depth requirements for seeping alkali ditch dig saturating lotus field base
The red soil plate layer of lower section is cheated, it is mixed lower layer to be entered through red soil plate layer with the moisture realized in topsoil mixing sandy soil
It closes in sandy soil；
S4, the backfill of alkali ditch is seeped: the backfill mixing sand in the infiltration alkali ditch dug, to prevent the red soil of soil middle layer
Hardened prevention moisture penetrates plate layer again；
S5, row's alkali ditch excavate: digging row's alkali ditch in lotus field low bank of earth between fields circumferential periphery, it is desirable that row alkali ditch bottom should be lower than base in lotus field
Cheat 0.5 meter -0.8 meter of bottom；
S6, lotus field discharge water: the fresh water in river water is introduced into the lotus field foundation pit dug, it is desirable that 0.5-0.6 meters of the lotus field depth of water.
The lotus field surrounding setting low bank of earth between fields is 0.8-1 meters or so relative to the height of bottom of foundation ditch, to ensure lotus root water in field
It does not overflow.
Break since the red soil plate layer among soil is dug by infiltration alkali ditch, the water in lotus field constantly can flow into lower layer by seeping alkali ditch
Mixing sandy soil in.In the process, saline and alkaline in lotus field upper layer mixing sandy soil can be carried along by flowing freshwater
In the mixing sandy soil of lower layer, to play the salt alkali content for reducing upper layer of soil in lotus field, reaches and meet Lotus planting
Purpose.
Saline and alkaline can smoothly be washed away by the fresh water in lotus pool to ensure in the upper layer of soil of lotus field bottom is taken away, it is desirable that the lotus root
The gross area that alkali ditch is seeped in field is greater than 30% or more of lotus pool floor space.
If the bottom of row's alkali ditch cannot penetrate red soil plate layer, needs to excavate as lotus field and seep alkali ditch, that is, exist
It arranges alkali ditch bottom and excavates and seep alkali ditch, the depth requirements for seeping alkali ditch dig the red soil plate layer below lotus field foundation pit, seep the area of alkali ditch
It is identical as row's bottom area of alkali ditch.
Infiltration in row's alkali ditch should be able to free-draining if being unable to free-draining the drainage equipment such as water pump should be installed,
The water surface is lower than 0.3-0.5 meters of the water surface in lotus field in the row's of holding alkali ditch, so that lotus field bottom soil is to exosmosis salt discharge alkali.
The utility model has the advantages that
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) salt discharge alkali is high-efficient, speed is fast, and general current year can Lotus planting；
2) low cost is not necessarily to other materials equipment in addition to low bank of earth between fields surrounding needs to lay geomembrane；
3) remodeling method is simple, promotes convenient for a wide range of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is planning plan view of the invention.
Description of symbols: 1, upper mixing sandy layer, 2, red soil plate layer, 3, lower mixing sandy layer, 4, the lotus field low bank of earth between fields, 5, lotus root
Field foundation pit, 6, row's alkali ditch, 7, infiltration alkali ditch, 8, conduit pipe.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
It should be noted that structure, ratio, the size etc. illustrated in this specification institute attached drawing, only to cooperate explanation
The revealed content of book is not intended to limit the invention enforceable restriction so that those skilled in the art understands and reads
Condition, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size, do not influence the effect of present invention can be generated and
Under the purpose that can reach, should all still it fall in the range of disclosed technology contents obtain and can cover.
Meanwhile cited such as "upper" in this specification, "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and " one " term, also
Only being illustrated convenient for narration, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativeness is altered or modified, in nothing
Under essence change technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
The salt-soda soil of HUANGHE ESTUARY large area not yet develops and uses, distinctive soil texture at this are as follows: sandy soil-thin mud-sandy soil
, i.e., soil top layer is mixing sandy soil, and middle layer is the soil layer construction of fine and close red soil plate, and lower layer is mixing sand soil
Earth；In Fig. 1, upper mixing sandy layer 1, red soil plate layer 2, lower mixing sandy layer 3.To develop and use this area salt-soda soil, propose
Following solution.
A kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
S1, lotus field are excavated: according to the size of lotus field, excavating lotus field foundation pit 5 on ground, and set in the surrounding of lotus field foundation pit 5
Set the lotus field low bank of earth between fields 4；
S2, laying geomembrane: covering geomembrane on the inside of 5 surrounding of lotus field foundation pit excavated, 5 bottom of lotus field foundation pit not into
Row laying；
S3, seep the excavation of alkali ditch 7: the lotus field foundation pit 5 after smooth, which excavates, seeps alkali ditch 7, and the depth requirements for seeping alkali ditch 7 dig saturating lotus root
The red soil plate layer 2 of 5 lower section of field foundation pit；
S4, the backfill of alkali ditch 7 is seeped: the backfill mixing sand in the infiltration alkali ditch 7 dug；
S5, row's alkali ditch 6 excavate: digging row's alkali ditch 6 in 4 circumferential periphery of the lotus field low bank of earth between fields, it is desirable that row 6 bottom of alkali ditch should be lower than lotus field
0.5 meter -0.8 meter of 5 bottom of foundation pit；
S6, lotus field discharge water: the fresh water of korneforos being introduced into the lotus field foundation pit 5 dug through conduit pipe 8, it is desirable that the lotus field depth of water
0.5-0.6 meters.
It is the planning plan view of heavy saline lotus field improvement shown in Fig. 2.
Lotus field foundation pit 5 has certain area, digs in it and seeps alkali ditch 7, seeps alkali ditch 7 along the length side of lotus field foundation pit 5
It digs upwards, width is narrower than the width of lotus field foundation pit 5；It seeps after alkali ditch 7 needs digging to wear red soil plate layer 2 and backfills again, seeping alkali ditch 7 is geavy salt
Alkali mixes row's alkali important channel of 1 soil of sandy layer on the ground；One or more infiltration alkali ditches 7 can be dug out in each lotus field foundation pit 5.
At the intermediate position of two lotus field foundation pits 5, prepared separation is big, and the row's of digging alkali ditch 6, row's alkali ditch 6 to trapezoidal, arranges alkali ditch 6 in depth
It digs to red soil plate layer 2 hereinafter, being the row's alkali main thoroughfare for mixing 1 soil of sandy layer in heavy saline without backfill processing.Draw
The continuous diversion into lotus field foundation pit 5 of waterpipe 8, water pass through upper mixing sandy layer 1, while taking away a part of saline and alkaline, are also conducive to
The growth of lotus rhizome, water seep alkali ditch 7 or row's alkali ditch 6 across red soil plate layer 2 entrainment of saline and alkaline flow through, have backfill due to seeping in alkali ditch 7
Mixing sand, containing saline and alkaline water, flow velocity is few or short-term anhydrous in water lower than the flow velocity in row's alkali ditch 6 in seeping alkali ditch 7
When introducing (HUANGHE ESTUARY water source is abundant, may there is seasonal few water phenomenon), the anti-saline and alkaline phenomenon of lotus field foundation pit 5 carries out more slow
Slowly, smaller to the normal Influence of production of lotus rhizome.
The lotus field low bank of earth between fields 4 is 0.8-1 meters or so relative to the height of 5 bottom of lotus field foundation pit.To ensure lotus root water in field not
It can overflow.
Break since the red soil plate layer 2 among soil is dug by infiltration alkali ditch 7, the water in lotus field can be flowed into constantly by seeping alkali ditch 7
In lower 3 soil of mixing sandy layer.In the process, saline and alkaline can be carried by flowing freshwater in 1 soil of sandy layer is mixed in lotus field
Into in lower 3 soil of mixing sandy layer, to play the salt alkali content for reducing upper mixing 1 soil of sandy layer in lotus field, reach symbol
Close the purpose of Lotus planting.
It is taken away to ensure to mix saline and alkaline can smoothly be washed away by the fresh water in lotus pool in 1 soil of sandy layer on lotus field bottom,
It is required that the gross area for seeping alkali ditch 7 in the lotus field is greater than 30% or more of 5 floor space of lotus field foundation pit.
If the bottom of row's alkali ditch 6 cannot penetrate red soil plate layer, needs to excavate as lotus field and seep alkali ditch 7, i.e.,
It is excavated in row 6 bottom of alkali ditch and seeps alkali ditch 7, the depth requirements for seeping alkali ditch 7 dig the red soil plate layer 2 of 5 lower section of lotus field foundation pit, seep alkali ditch
7 area is identical as row's bottom area of alkali ditch 6.
Infiltration in row's alkali ditch 6 should be able to free-draining the drainings such as water pump should be installed and set if being unable to free-draining
Standby, the water surface is lower than 0.3-0.5 meters of the water surface in lotus field foundation pit 5 in the row's of holding alkali ditch 6；So that lotus field bottom soil is arranged to exosmosis
It is saline and alkaline.
Preferred embodiment:
Spring in 2017 has selected one layer of white alkali of ground surface in Dongying City HUANGHE ESTUARY town, and the salt-soda soil that not even a blade of grass grows is done
Experiment.According to above-mentioned method, 20 mu of lotus fields have been excavated, every piece 10 mu of lotus field size.And infiltration alkali ditch 7, row have been excavated as required
Alkali ditch 6 covers geomembrane on the inside of lotus field foundation pit 5 surrounding, after discharging water and pressing alkali, has planted No. 5 lotus rhizomes of Hubei Province lotus, current year growing way is good
Good, lotus rhizome yield is respectively 18720kg and 20370kg, per mu yield 1954.5kg.
Simultaneously in experimental field, according to conventional approach, 10 mu of lotus fields have been excavated, have compared test, the row's of excavation alkali irrigation canals and ditches, into
The row row's of discharging water alkali, it is same to plant No. 5 lotus rhizomes of Hubei Province lotus, current year lotus rhizome slow growth, total output 3740kg, per mu yield 374kg.
Many other changes and remodeling can be made by not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.It should be appreciated that the present invention is not
It is limited to specific embodiment, the scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
S1, lotus field are excavated: according to the size of lotus field, excavating lotus field foundation pit (5) on ground, and set in the surrounding of lotus field foundation pit (5)
Set the lotus field low bank of earth between fields (4)；
S2, laying geomembrane: has excavated lotus field foundation pit (5) surrounding inside covering geomembrane, lotus field foundation pit (5) bottom not into
Row laying；
S3, seep alkali ditch (7) excavation: the lotus field foundation pit (5) after smooth, which excavates, seeps alkali ditch (7), and the depth requirements for seeping alkali ditch (7) are dug
Red soil plate layer (2) below saturating lotus field foundation pit (5)；
S4, alkali ditch (7) backfill is seeped: the backfill mixing sand in the infiltration alkali ditch (7) dug；
S5, row alkali ditch (6) excavate: digging row alkali ditch (6) in the lotus field low bank of earth between fields (4) circumferential periphery, it is desirable that row alkali ditch (6) bottom should be lower than
0.5 meter -0.8 meter of lotus field foundation pit (5) bottom；
S6, lotus field discharge water: the fresh water of korneforos being introduced into the lotus field foundation pit (5) dug through conduit pipe (8), it is desirable that the lotus field depth of water
0.5-0.6 meters.
2. a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lotus field low bank of earth between fields (4)
Height relative to lotus field foundation pit (5) bottom is 0.8-1 meters or so.
3. a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: seep alkali ditch in the lotus field
(7) the gross area is greater than 30% or more of lotus field foundation pit (5) floor space.
4. a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: row's alkali ditch (6)
If bottom cannot penetrate red soil plate layer, need to excavate as lotus field and seep alkali ditch (7), i.e., is excavated in row alkali ditch (6) bottom
It seeps alkali ditch (7), seeps the red soil plate layer (2) below the saturating lotus field foundation pit (5) of depth requirements digging of alkali ditch (7), seep the area of alkali ditch (7)
It is identical as row's bottom area of alkali ditch (6).
5. a kind of heavy saline lotus field modification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in row's alkali ditch (6)
Infiltration should be able to free-draining if being unable to free-draining the drainage equipment such as water pump should be installed, the row's of holding alkali ditch (6) interior water surface
Water surface 0.3-0.5 meters interior lower than lotus field foundation pit (5).
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