CN109713632B - Overhead transmission line based on optical fiber composite phase line - Google Patents
Overhead transmission line based on optical fiber composite phase line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an overhead power transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line, which comprises the following components: a ground wire without a fiber unit, a ground wire tension insulator, a ground wire jumper and at least one wire with an optical fiber composite phase line are adopted; the ground wire is connected with a circuit tower in an open strain manner; the ground wire tension insulator is horizontally connected between the ground wire and the circuit tower; the electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator of the overhead transmission line; the ground wire jumper is in an electric insulation state or an electric connection state with the ground wire; the wire is connected with the circuit tower through the wire insulator. The invention greatly reduces the wire-ground wire discharging tripping times of the overhead transmission line, the ground wire broken wire number and the large-range tower reversing number possibly caused by discharging under severe rain, snow and freezing weather conditions, improves the optical fiber communication safety, and has the advantages of low investment and high cost performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission, in particular to an overhead transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line.
Background
Overhead transmission lines (lines for short) are an important component of the power grid. The existing line generally has an optical fiber communication function, wherein a power distribution network line with a low voltage level of 35kV and the like generally only has an overhead conductor (short for conductor) for transmitting electric energy and an overhead ground wire (short for ground wire) without lightning protection, so that at least one optical fiber composite phase line (OPPC) containing an optical fiber unit is adopted in the conductor, and the optical fiber communication function is realized while the electric energy is transmitted; the main power grid line with the voltage level of 110kV and above is generally provided with both a conducting wire and a ground wire, wherein at least one optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW) containing an optical fiber unit is adopted in the ground wire, the lightning protection function is realized, the optical fiber communication function is realized at the same time, the other ground wires are conventional ground wires without optical fiber units, and all conducting wires are conventional conducting wires without optical fiber units. The method is mainly suitable for the main power grid lines with the voltage level of 110kV and above, and the weak points of the lines in ice disasters are mainly analyzed.
Under the weather conditions of rain, snow and freezing, the serious icing of the wires, the ground wires and the OPGW of the main power grid line with the voltage level of 110kV and above can lead to the discharge, disconnection, tower inversion and large-area shutdown of the power grid, and seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the power grid, such as: the ice disaster of the middle China power grid in 2005, the ice disaster of the middle China east power grid in 2008 and the ice disaster of the north China power grid (including Jibei power grid) in 2015. Major defects and faults during ice disasters include:
(1) Wire-ground (or OPGW) discharge: the weather conditions of rain, snow and ice can form serious ice and snow coating on the lead and the ground wire, and further cause the following phenomena: (1) the tension of the ground wire and the OPGW increases and the elastic elongation leads to the increase of the sag of the ground wire and the OPGW; (2) uneven ice and snow covering on two sides of a line tower, damage deformation of a ground wire support, sliding of the ground wire in a suspension clamp and the like cause the deviation of a wire, the ground wire and an OPGW along the line direction, so that the space between the wire and the ground wire (or the OPGW) is greatly changed; (3) the wire, ground and OPGW ice-shedding hops, resulting in a large change in wire-ground (or OPGW) spacing. The combination of the above-mentioned various conditions is very easy to cause the air gap between the wire and the ground wire (or OPGW) to discharge, this discharge related to the ground wire and OPGW accounts for 96% of 25 times of line trips in the Jibei power grid ice disaster in 2015, and the wire and ground wire (or OPGW) discharge ratio in other past ice disasters is also up to about 50%, which is a long-standing and difficult-to-radical problem in the power grid ice disaster. Analysis of the wire-ground (or OPGW) discharge showed that: the ground wire and OPGW are the line weak points in grid ice disasters.
(2) Ground wire and OPGW wire break: in 2015, the Jibei power grid ice disaster has 3 500kV lines and 1 220kV line to generate ground wire and OPGW broken lines, and the ground wire and OPGW broken line points are discharge points of a wire-ground wire (or OPGW) at the same time, and other power grids have similar conditions. Calculations indicate that: on one hand, the tension of the ground wire and the OPGW is increased due to ice and snow covering, on the other hand, the mechanical strength of a discharge point can be reduced by 50% due to the local high temperature (500 ℃) generated by wire-ground wire (or OPGW) discharge, the ground wire and the OPGW are broken due to the simultaneous action of the two factors, and the ground wire and the OPGW are difficult to be broken due to the tension increasing factor caused by single ice and snow covering, namely, the probability of the ground wire and the OPGW being broken is greatly reduced if the wire-ground wire (or OPGW) discharge does not occur in ice disaster. Analysis of the ground wire and OPGW wire break again showed that: the ground wire and OPGW are the line weak points in grid ice disasters.
(3) Large area reverse tower and broken wire: when the line tower is subjected to a vertical load or a horizontal load (i.e., a longitudinal imbalance tension) that exceeds a design threshold, a tower collapse may result, wherein the longitudinal imbalance tension poses a greater threat to the line tower. Under severe weather conditions, the inverted towers are generally formed in strings, wherein a certain foundation tangent tower with weak longitudinal unbalanced tension tends to become an inverted tower starting point, the inverted tower generates longitudinal unbalanced tension on an adjacent tangent tower through the transmission of a wire and a ground wire and re-triggers the inverted tower, and the inverted tower process forms a chain reaction, so that a great number of inverted towers and broken wires are caused until a strain tower with large longitudinal unbalanced tension can be born, for example: in 2008, 21 500kV line tower-inverting 319 bases are used for the ice disaster of the power grid. Therefore, the tower reversing reasons of the start points of the tower reversing in a series are deeply analyzed, and an effective anti-measure is designed, so that the effect of twice the effort can be achieved for preventing and controlling the ice disaster of the power grid. The following key analysis of the relationship between ground and OPGW (including ground and OPGW discharge, ground and OPGW disconnection) and first base tower: (1) as described above, wire-ground (or OPGW) discharge in ice disaster is a main inducing factor for ground and OPGW disconnection, which in turn subjects the tower to a longitudinal unbalanced tension impact, which is very likely to cause tower collapse for towers that have approached the limit load state during ice disaster. (2) As described above, the wire-ground wire (or OPGW) discharge trip ratio in ice disaster is high, and the trip reclosing success rate in ice disaster is low, which is easy to cause the circuit to stop and interrupt the resistive heating of the wire, so as to accelerate the wire icing and increase the load of the circuit tower, and for the circuit tower which is approaching to the limit load state during ice disaster, the further increase of the load is very easy to cause the tower to fall down. Therefore, it is reasonably speculated that a larger proportion of large-scale tower falling and wire breakage in ice disaster is directly or indirectly caused by wire-ground wire (or OPGW) discharge tripping and ground wire and OPGW wire breakage. Analysis of the inverted tower again showed that: the ground wire and OPGW are the line weak points in grid ice disasters.
In summary, the ground wire and the OPGW are weak points of the line in the grid ice disaster, and the discharge between the wire and the ground wire (or OPGW) is an important cause for causing the subsequent disconnection of the ground wire and the OPGW and the disconnection of the tower in a large range, and is also an important cause for threatening the safety of optical fiber communication. The content of the ice disaster analysis report in the China in 2008 also directly or indirectly confirms the conclusion: (1) the tower falling in the ice disaster basically occurs after the line is stopped, and the reasons for the line to stop include the drop of an OPGW optical cable and an overhead ground wire icing arc; (2) "recovery of 21 running lines with diseases during reconstruction, … …, wire damage 1, ground wire damage 4, optical cable damage 21"; (3) the method has the advantages that a batch of temporary emergency power transmission measures for cutting off the ground wire operation and the like are provided for the line which is damaged and stopped, and the method plays a very positive role in maintaining the operation of a main power grid; (4) under the weather conditions of rain, snow and freezing, part of the lines of the Sichuan power grid are used as important measures for maintaining the operation of the power grid.
In summary, effective anti-icing measures are designed and adopted for weak points of the line, namely the ground wire and the OPGW, with voltage levels of 110kV and above under severe rain, snow and ice weather conditions, so that the line ice faults are restrained, and the ice loss is reduced. But due to the structural and functional differences of OPGW from conventional ground, such as: the ground wire can be divided into a plurality of sections which are not connected with each other without affecting the lightning protection function, and the OPGW must keep a continuous state to exert the optical fiber communication function, so that the existing anti-icing disaster technology of the ground wire cannot be used for the OPGW, specifically, the scheme can not be used for the OPGW, namely, the OPGW and the line tower cannot be in an insulating state, and for the line with the voltage level of 110kV or above containing the OPGW, the scheme cannot completely and fully realize the anti-icing disaster function although the line can be in an insulating state by a ground wire opening tension mode and an anti-icing operation mode when the ground wire jumper is disconnected by adding a ground wire tension insulator; for lines with 110kV and above voltage levels using OPGW, how to solve the anti-icing problem in a targeted and efficient way, and meanwhile, to preserve the optical fiber communication function of the lines is a technical problem to be solved in the current urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an overhead transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line, which greatly reduces the wire-ground wire discharge tripping times of the overhead transmission line under severe rain, snow and ice weather conditions, reduces the number of broken wires of the ground wire and the number of large-scale inverted towers possibly caused by discharge, improves the anti-icing capacity of the line and the optical fiber communication safety during ice disaster, and has the advantages of low investment and high cost performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an overhead transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line (OPPC), the overhead transmission line comprising: a ground wire without a fiber unit, a ground wire tension insulator, a ground wire jumper and at least one wire with an optical fiber composite phase line are adopted;
the ground wire is connected with a circuit tower in an open strain manner;
the ground wire tension insulator is horizontally connected between the ground wire and the circuit tower; the electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator of the overhead transmission line;
the ground wire jumper is in an electric insulation state or an electric connection state with the ground wire;
the wire is connected with the circuit tower through the wire insulator.
In an embodiment, when the ground wire jumper is in an electrical insulation state with the ground wire, the insulation strength between the ground wire jumper and the ground wire is greater than or equal to the insulation strength of the ground wire tension insulator, and the anti-icing operation mode is used.
In an embodiment, the lightning protection device is used for lightning protection operation when the ground wire jumper is in an electrical connection state with the ground wire.
In one embodiment, the connection mode of the ground wire jumper and the circuit tower includes: the ground jumper is connected directly electrically to the line tower or with a conventional ground insulator in parallel with the discharge gap.
In one embodiment, the ground wire tension insulator includes, but is not limited to: rod-shaped suspension composite insulator, disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulator, disc-shaped suspension glass insulator and rod-shaped suspension porcelain insulator.
In an embodiment, the connection mode of the ground wire tension insulator includes: a single insulator type and a multiple insulator type.
In one embodiment, the circuit tower includes, but is not limited to: a tangent tower and a strain tower.
In one embodiment, the circuit tower is at least two-base circuit tower.
The invention provides an overhead power transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line, which comprises: a ground wire without a fiber unit, a ground wire tension insulator, a ground wire jumper and at least one wire with an optical fiber composite phase line are adopted; the ground wire is connected with a circuit tower in an open strain manner; the ground wire tension insulator is horizontally connected between the ground wire and the circuit tower; the electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator of the overhead transmission line; under severe rain, snow and freezing weather conditions which can cause line ice disaster, the ground wire jumper and the ground wire are in an electric insulation state and are used for an anti-icing operation mode; under other meteorological conditions, the ground wire jumper is in an electrical connection state with the ground wire and is used for a lightning protection operation mode; the wire is connected with the circuit tower through the wire insulator. The invention greatly reduces the wire-ground wire discharging tripping times of the overhead transmission line under severe rain, snow and freezing weather conditions, and the ground wire breaking quantity and large-range tower inverting quantity possibly caused by discharging, and has the remarkable effects of low capital investment, high cost performance and capability of improving the optical fiber communication safety during ice disaster.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line with a ground wire jumper directly electrically connected to a line tower in a lightning protection mode of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line with a ground wire jumper directly electrically connected to a line tower during an anti-icing mode of operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line in which a ground wire jumper is directly and electrically connected to a line tower during a lightning protection operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention, and further the ground wire jumper is connected to the line tower by a parallel groove clamp to enhance the electrical connection performance between the ground wire jumper and the line tower;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line in which a ground wire jumper is directly electrically connected to a line tower during an anti-icing mode of operation and further the ground wire jumper is connected to the line tower with a parallel groove clamp to enhance the electrical connectivity between the ground wire jumper and the line tower in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line with a conventional ground wire insulator in parallel with the discharge gap connecting a ground wire jumper to the line tower in a lightning protection mode of operation in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line with a conventional ground wire insulator in parallel with the discharge gap connecting a ground wire jumper to the line tower during an anti-icing mode of operation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line for two adjacent towers in an anti-icing mode of operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an overhead transmission line for two adjacent tension towers in an anti-icing mode of operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an overhead transmission line for adjacent primary tangent towers and primary strain towers in an anti-icing mode of operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," … …, and the like, as used herein, do not denote a particular order or sequence, nor are they intended to be limiting of the invention, but rather are merely used to distinguish one element or operation from another in the same technical terms.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
As used herein, "and/or" includes any or all combinations of such things.
Technical term interpretation:
overhead conductor: the device for transmitting electric energy in overhead transmission lines is simply called a wire.
Overhead ground wire: the device for preventing lightning from directly striking the lead in the overhead transmission line is generally arranged above or obliquely above the lead, and is called a ground wire for short and a lightning conductor for short.
Tension tower: the tower type overhead transmission line has strong capability of bearing horizontal load and vertical load.
Straight line tower: a tower type overhead transmission line has stronger capability of bearing vertical load, but weaker capability of bearing horizontal load.
Wire insulator: an insulator for connecting conductors of an overhead transmission line to a line tower and capable of withstanding voltage and mechanical forces between the conductors and the line tower that meet design requirements.
Optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW)): the optical fiber unit is compounded in the traditional ground wire to form the overhead ground wire with the dual functions of line lightning protection and communication.
Optical fiber composite phase line (Optical Phase Conductor (OPPC)): the optical fiber units are combined in the traditional lead to form the lead with dual functions of transmitting electric energy and communicating.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the structure schematic diagram of the overhead power transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line is shown in fig. 1, and the overhead power transmission line comprises: the ground wire 1 without optical fiber unit, the ground wire tension insulator 2, the ground wire jumper 3 and at least one conducting wire 4 with optical fiber composite phase line (OPPC) are adopted.
The ground line 1 is connected to a line tower 5 in an open strain manner (also referred to as a horizontal connection).
The ground wire tension insulator 2 is horizontally connected between the ground wire 1 and the circuit tower 5. The electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator 2 is larger than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator 6 of the overhead transmission line. The electrical parameter is specifically an electrical parameter other than the atmospheric overvoltage, which is not limited in this application.
The ground jumper 3 is in an electrically insulated state (i.e., a state without electrical connection) or an electrically connected state (i.e., a state with electrical connection) with the ground 1.
The conductor 4 is connected to the line tower via a conductor insulator 6.
In specific implementation, the number of the ground wires 1 in the overhead transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line is one or more. When the ground wire 1 is one, the ground wire 1 adopts a ground wire without a fiber unit; when the number of the ground wires 1 is plural, all the ground wires 1 are ground wires without fiber units.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the lightning protection operation mode is used when the ground jumper 3 is in an electrical connection state with the ground 1. The lightning protection operation mode is suitable for meteorological conditions which generally cannot cause ice disaster of the power grid, and the lightning protection operation mode of the overhead transmission line has a conventional lightning protection function.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the ground wire jumper 3 and the ground wire 1 are in an electrically insulating state, the insulating strength between the ground wire jumper 3 and the ground wire 1 is equal to or greater than the insulating strength of the ground wire tension insulator 2, and the anti-icing operation mode is used. The anti-icing operation mode of the overhead transmission line is suitable for rain, snow and freezing weather conditions which possibly cause grid ice disaster, can avoid wire breakage and tower inversion of the ground wire caused by discharge and possible discharge between the wire and the ground wire due to ice and snow covered by the ground wire, and effectively reduces the optical fiber communication fault probability when the OPGW is adopted by the ground wire.
In one embodiment, the manner in which the ground jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 includes: the ground jumper 3 is connected electrically directly to the line tower 5 or the ground jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 with a conventional ground insulator 9 connected in parallel with the discharge gap 8.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the ground wire jumper 3 is directly and electrically connected to the line tower 5 (including a tangent tower and/or a strain tower), and meanwhile, the ground wire jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 by using the parallel groove clamp 7 to further ensure good electrical connection performance, and at this time, the overhead transmission line is in a lightning protection operation mode.
As shown in fig. 4, the ground wire jumper 3 is directly and electrically connected to the line tower 5 (including a tangent tower and/or a strain tower), and meanwhile, the ground wire jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 by using the parallel groove clamp 7 to further ensure good electrical connection performance, and at this time, the overhead transmission line is in an anti-icing operation mode.
As shown in fig. 5, the ground jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 (including the tangent tower and/or the strain tower) by a conventional ground insulator 9 connected in parallel with the discharge gap 8, and the overhead transmission line of the present application is in a lightning-protection operation mode.
As shown in fig. 6, the ground jumper 3 is connected to the line tower 5 (including the tangent tower and/or the strain tower) by a conventional ground insulator 9 connected in parallel with the discharge gap 8, and the overhead transmission line of the present application is in an anti-icing mode of operation.
In one embodiment, the ground wire tension insulator 2 includes: the invention is not limited to a rod-shaped suspension composite insulator, a disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulator, a disc-shaped suspension glass insulator and a rod-shaped suspension porcelain insulator.
In one embodiment, the connection manner of the ground wire tension insulator 2 includes: a single insulator type and a multiple insulator type.
Specifically, the single-connection insulator mode is to use only one insulator or one insulator string in a rod-shaped suspension composite insulator, a disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulator or a disc-shaped suspension glass insulator as the ground wire tension insulator 2.
The multi-insulator mode is usually that a plurality of insulators of the same type or a plurality of insulator strings of the same type are connected in parallel to be used as the ground wire tension insulator 2.
In one embodiment, the wiring tower 5 includes: a tangent tower 10 and a strain tower 11.
In one embodiment, the wiring tower 5 is at least a two-base wiring tower.
In particular, the overhead transmission line of the present invention has application in adjacent two-base line towers or continuous multi-base line towers. The line towers 5 may be straight towers and/or strain towers, and the line towers 5 may be of the same type or different types, which is not limited by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the overhead transmission line of the present invention applied to two adjacent towers and in an anti-icing mode. The ground jumper 3 is directly electrically connected to the tangent tower 10. At this time, the ground wire jumper 3 is detached from the connection fitting (such as the drainage plate of the ground wire strain clamp) of the ground wire 1 and fixed on the tangent tower 10, namely, the ground wire 1 and the ground wire jumper 3 are electrically insulated, and the electrical parameter (excluding the atmospheric overvoltage parameter) of the ground wire strain insulator 2 is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the lead wire insulator 6, so that the insulation strength (including the ground wire strain insulator 2 and the air gap) between the ground wire 1 and the tangent tower 10 can bear the line phase voltage and the operation overvoltage. In this operation mode, the wire 4-ground wire 1 discharge cannot be caused by the elastic elongation of the ground wire 1 caused by the wire (including OPPC, the same applies below) 4 and the ice coating of the ground wire 1, the deviation of the ground wire 1 and/or the wire 4 along the wire, the de-icing jump of the ground wire 1 and/or the wire 4, and the like, so that the subsequent wire breakage and tower inversion caused by the discharge are avoided correspondingly.
According to the overhead power transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line, provided by the invention, only the suspension connection mode of the ground wire 1 of the tangent tower 10 is changed into the open tension-resistant mode (also called the horizontal connection mode), so that the ice resistance of the tangent tower 10 is improved only aiming at the increase of the mechanical load from the ground wire 1, the influence on the construction cost is limited, and the overhead power transmission line has comprehensive popularization and application values. At present, the whole anti-ice strength of the tangent tower 10 needs to be improved according to the increase of mechanical loads from the ground wire 1 and the lead wire 4, so that the influence on engineering cost is great, the overall popularization and application are difficult, and the problem of wire-ground wire discharge tripping during ice disaster cannot be solved although the anti-ice grade of the tangent tower is improved.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an overhead transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line applied to two adjacent strain towers and in an anti-icing operation mode. As shown in fig. 8, the ground jumper 3 is directly electrically connected to the strain tower 11. When the spacing between the lead 4 and the ground wire 1 is reduced due to ice coating, the discharge between the lead and the ground wire is not caused, and accordingly, the ground wire breakage and the tower falling which may be caused by the discharge are avoided.
According to the overhead power transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line, the ground wire tension-opening mode (also called horizontal connection mode) of the tension tower 11 is not changed, so that the mechanical strength of the tension tower 11 is not required to be improved basically, only the ground wire tension insulator 2 is increased, and the electrical parameters (excluding the atmospheric overvoltage parameters) of the ground wire tension insulator 2 are required to be more than or equal to those of the wire insulator 6, so that the influence on engineering cost is negligible, and the overhead power transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line has comprehensive popularization and application values.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an overhead transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line applied to an adjacent primary tangent tower and primary strain tower and in an anti-icing operation mode. As shown in fig. 9, the ground jumper 3 is directly and electrically connected to the line tower 5 (including a base tangent tower 10 and a base strain tower 11). When the spacing between the lead 4 and the ground wire 1 is reduced due to ice coating, the discharge between the lead and the ground wire is not caused, and accordingly, the ground wire breakage and the tower falling which may be caused by the discharge are avoided.
The overhead power transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line is provided based on the full knowledge of the weak points of the line ice disaster, namely the ground wire and the OPGW, and the practical difficulty that the wire and the ground wire are difficult to quantitatively calculate the wire deviation along the line and the ice-removing jump. The invention changes the optical fiber unit from the OPGW to the OPPC, on one hand, solves the problem that the OPGW cannot be insulated from the line tower in the anti-icing operation mode, and on the other hand, solves the problem that the OPGW is easy to break during the icing disaster and the optical fiber communication is influenced.
The invention provides an overhead power transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line, which comprises the following components: a ground wire without a fiber unit, a ground wire tension insulator, a ground wire jumper and at least one wire with an optical fiber composite phase line are adopted; the ground wire is connected with a circuit tower in an open strain manner; the ground wire tension insulator is horizontally connected between the ground wire and the circuit tower; the electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator of the overhead transmission line; the ground wire jumper is in an electric insulation state or an electric connection state with the ground wire; the wire is connected with the circuit tower through the wire insulator. The invention greatly reduces the wire-ground wire discharging tripping times of the overhead transmission line under severe rain, snow and freezing weather conditions, the ground wire breakage quantity and the large-range tower reversing quantity possibly caused by discharging, improves the optical fiber communication safety during ice disaster, and has the remarkable effects of low investment and high cost performance.
The invention provides an overhead power transmission line based on an optical fiber composite phase line, which comprises the following components: an anti-icing operation mode and a lightning protection operation mode. The anti-icing operation mode is suitable for rain, snow and freezing weather conditions possibly causing grid ice disaster, and the ground wire jumper and the ground wire in the anti-icing operation mode are in an electric insulation state (namely a state without electric connection), so that discharge between a wire and the ground wire caused by ice and snow covered on the wire and the ground wire, and wire breakage and tower falling of the ground wire possibly caused by the discharge can be avoided. The lightning protection operation mode is suitable for other meteorological conditions, and the ground wire jumper and the ground wire in the lightning protection operation mode are in an electric connection state, so that the lightning protection device has a conventional lightning protection function. The invention is an overhead transmission line (short for line) with good anti-icing effect and less investment, can improve the optical fiber communication safety during the icing, and can play a role in doubling the work of the grid anti-icing.
Meanwhile, compared with the existing anti-icing disaster measures, the invention has the following advantages:
1. line ice resistance level can be increased in a non-heart manner without compliance with ice disaster pressure
When wire-ground wire discharge and ground wire breakage occur during ice disaster, the thickness of the ground wire ice coating which causes the discharge and breakage needs to be checked, and the checking method is a stress-sag calculation method adopted by the current circuit design. (1) Firstly, the method for calculating the ice coating amount which can increase the sag of the ground wire enough to cause the wire-ground wire discharge only considers the sag increase caused by the wire ice coating and elastic elongation, but does not consider the sag change caused by uneven ice coating and wire ground wire deviation and the interval change caused by ice-removing jump, so the ice coating amount calculation result (namely interval verification result) is generally seriously larger, such as: in severe ice disaster in North China in 2015, although the ice coating amount of a line is really higher than that of a common year, the adoption of the ice coating amount verification method still leads to serious and large verification results. (2) And secondly, calculating the ice coating amount which can increase the tension of the ground wire enough to cause the ground wire to break, wherein the calculation method only considers the ice coating and tension increase of the ground wire, but does not consider the great reduction of mechanical strength caused by local temperature rise of the ground wire after discharging, so that the ice coating amount calculation result (namely the tension check result) can be seriously larger. Admittedly, the past design units also consider the longitudinal unbalanced tension generated by the uneven icing, but are limited to the mechanical load analysis of the line tower, and neglect the influence on the sag and the spacing of the lead and the ground wire (such as an anti-icing safety state evaluation guide rule (fortune check double function [ 2012 ] 142)) of the power transmission and transformation equipment). After serious ice and snow tripping occurs on 500kV sea ten thousand lines and Feng ten thousand lines in 2012 and the defect of an icing checking method is proposed by Jibei electric department, the state is changed, and partial ice disaster analysis begins to consider factors of line guiding and ground line following offset.
The serious bias of the verification result causes the contradiction between the requirement of greatly improving the ice resistance grade of the line and huge engineering investment. In this case, a general measure is to discount the verification result of the ice coating amount, and then increase the ice resistance level of the line according to the discount value, for example: the verification result of the ice coating amount is 25mm, but the thickness of the designed ice coating is only increased from 10mm to 15mm. However, this increase in the ice resistance level does not correspond to the actual degree of icing, but is only marginally taken with respect to the wire, ground line misalignment and ice-shedding jump factors, and may even be considered to be merely a crossover to the actual occurrence of an ice disaster. Because of the poor pertinence of the measure, the wire-ground wire discharge and the ground wire breakage and tower inversion possibly further caused are difficult to be comprehensively inhibited in future ice disasters.
Under severe rain, snow and ice weather conditions, the ground wire and the line tower are in an insulating state, so that the discharge between the wire and the ground wire is effectively avoided, the factors such as elastic extension, line-following deviation and ice-removing jump of the wire and the ground wire do not need to be considered one by one, and the ice-resisting grade of the line does not need to be improved in a violation way due to ice disaster pressure.
2. Compared with the prior measures for improving the whole ice resistance of the circuit body, the invention greatly reduces engineering investment.
As described above, the ground wire and the OPGW are weak points of the line in the grid ice disaster, and the discharge between the wire and the ground wire is an important cause of the subsequent wire breakage and the wide-range reverse tower breakage, so if the weak points of the ground wire are overcome in a targeted manner, the effect of half-effort in the control of the grid ice disaster may be achieved. According to the thought, the invention takes measures for the ground wire, namely the ground wire is connected with the circuit tower in an open-tension manner through the ground wire tension insulator, and the circuit tower comprises a tangent tower and a tension tower.
(1) The strain tower is a circuit tower for supporting and fixing wires, and has strong capacity of bearing horizontal load and vertical load. For the strain tower, the original open strain connection mode of the ground wire is not changed, so that the structure, the size, the mechanical strength and the manufacturing cost of the existing strain tower are very small.
(2) The tangent tower is also a line tower for supporting and fixing wires, and has strong capability of bearing vertical load, but weak capability of bearing horizontal load. For the tangent tower, the original suspension connection mode of the ground wire is changed into an open tension connection mode, and the mechanical load born by the tangent tower and derived from the ground wire is increased, so that the mechanical strength of the conventional tangent tower, particularly the mechanical strength of a ground wire bracket, is correspondingly improved, and the manufacturing cost of the tangent tower is correspondingly improved; however, compared with the anti-icing measures which are widely used at present and improve the overall mechanical strength of the tangent tower, the tangent tower of the current measures needs to consider both the increase of the mechanical load from the ground wire and the increase of the mechanical load from the lead wire, such as: after 2005 and 2008 ice disaster, national electric network company makes "technical rules for design of overhead transmission line in medium and heavy ice area" (Q/GDW 182-2008), and the standard is to improve the capability of the line tower to bear longitudinal unbalanced tension for the lead wire and the ground wire at the same time. The mechanical load from the wire is the main factor affecting the mechanical strength and cost of the line tower, so the cost of the iron tower and the increase of the engineering cost are obviously lower than those of the prior measures.
(3) In the lightning protection operation mode, the ground wire jumper is electrically connected with the ground wire through the hardware fitting (such as the drainage plate of the ground wire strain clamp), and as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the ground wire jumper has no insulation distance requirement with the line tower and has no insulation distance requirement with the ground wire strain insulator, namely the invention does not need to greatly improve the tower head size of the existing line tower and does not need to obviously increase the engineering cost.
3. Compared with the existing anti-icing measures such as 'directly falling down the ground wire to run' and the like of some power grids during ice disaster, the anti-icing running mode only relates to the disassembly and assembly of the ground wire jumper; the disassembly and assembly of the ground wire jumper can be combined with a power grid ice disaster early warning system which is being popularized by a national power grid company, namely, the disassembly and assembly of the ground wire jumper and the conversion of the operation mode are only carried out when the early warning system issues very few severe weather conditions of the rain, snow and ice disasters. Thus, the workload during line operation is greatly reduced.
4. The invention effectively avoids the problem that the existing AC/DC ice melting technology is difficult to be used for the overhead ground wire. Compared with the domestic early alternating current ice melting technology, the direct current ice melting technology is an important progress. However, the ice melting technology has obvious limitations, firstly, the line is in a shutdown state in the ice melting process, and the power supply during the large-area ice disaster period is not facilitated; secondly, the method is mainly suitable for wire deicing, is difficult to implement for the ground wire and OPGW with sectional insulation or tower-by-tower grounding characteristics, and has poor operability, namely, the deicing technology has limited effects on the ground wire and OPGW which are weak points of the wire in the grid ice disaster. The invention does not need to actively power off during ice disaster, and effectively avoids the difficulty of the existing AC/DC ice melting technology for the overhead ground wire.
5. The invention solves the problems that OPGW is easy to break and affects the safety of optical fiber communication during ice disaster. The anti-icing method of the invention changes the optical fiber unit from the OPGW to the OPPC, on one hand, solves the problem that the OPGW cannot be insulated from the line tower in the anti-icing operation mode, and on the other hand, solves the problem that the OPGW is easy to break during the icing and affects the optical fiber communication safety.
6. The anti-icing disaster method of the invention changes the optical fiber unit of the line from OPGW to OPPC, so that the line ground wire with voltage level of 500kV and above can be completely used as the conventional ground wire without the optical fiber unit, and the induced electricity loss of the line ground wire can be reduced by completely adopting a sectional insulation and single-point grounding mode.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (6)
1. An overhead transmission line based on optical fiber composite phase line is applicable to 110kV and above voltage class's main power grid line, its characterized in that includes: a ground wire without a fiber unit, a ground wire tension insulator, a ground wire jumper and at least one wire with an optical fiber composite phase line are adopted;
the ground wire is connected with a circuit tower in an open strain manner;
the ground wire tension insulator is horizontally connected between the ground wire and the circuit tower; the electrical parameter of the ground wire tension insulator is greater than or equal to the electrical parameter of the conductor insulator of the overhead transmission line;
the ground wire jumper is in an electric insulation state or an electric connection state with the ground wire;
the wire is connected with the circuit tower through the wire insulator;
when the ground wire jumper is in an electric insulation state with the ground wire, the insulation strength between the ground wire jumper and the ground wire is equal to the insulation strength of the ground wire tension insulator, and the anti-icing operation mode is adopted;
when the ground wire jumper is in an electrical connection state with the ground wire, the lightning protection device is used for a lightning protection operation mode.
2. The overhead transmission line based on optical fiber composite phase wires according to claim 1, wherein the connection mode of the ground wire jumper and the line tower comprises: the ground jumper is connected directly electrically to the line tower or with a conventional ground insulator in parallel with the discharge gap.
3. The optical fiber composite phase line-based overhead transmission line of claim 1, wherein the ground wire tension insulator comprises: rod-shaped suspension composite insulator, disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulator, disc-shaped suspension glass insulator and rod-shaped suspension porcelain insulator.
4. The overhead transmission line based on the optical fiber composite phase line according to claim 3, wherein the connection mode of the ground wire tension insulator comprises: a single insulator type and a multiple insulator type.
5. The optical fiber composite phase line-based overhead transmission line of claim 1, wherein the line tower comprises: a tangent tower and a strain tower.
6. The optical fiber composite phase line-based overhead transmission line of claim 1 or 5, wherein the line tower is at least a two-base line tower.
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| CN209592931U (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-11-05 | 国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of overhead transmission line based on optical fiber composite phase |
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| JPH0716537U (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-17 | 収平 岩田 | Transmission line tower lightning arrester |
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