CN111293661B - Bidirectional lightning protection disconnection protection method and device for insulated conductor - Google Patents
Bidirectional lightning protection disconnection protection method and device for insulated conductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111293661B CN111293661B CN202010033302.4A CN202010033302A CN111293661B CN 111293661 B CN111293661 B CN 111293661B CN 202010033302 A CN202010033302 A CN 202010033302A CN 111293661 B CN111293661 B CN 111293661B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure
- H02G13/40—Connection to earth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/08—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps structurally associated with protected apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure
- H02G13/80—Discharge by conduction or dissipation, e.g. rods, arresters, spark gaps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/20—Spatial arrangements or dispositions of lines or cables on poles, posts or towers
Abstract
The invention discloses a bidirectional lightning protection and wire breakage protection method and device for an insulated wire. Because the two sides of the insulator are respectively provided with the discharge protection gap, when any one side is subjected to lightning overvoltage, the protection gap can act to discharge, the two wire clamps provide fault current together during discharging, and the insulated wire, the drainage wire and the arc striking electrode are integrated, and the protection gap has a stable structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection of power distribution networks, in particular to a bidirectional lightning protection and disconnection protection method and device for an insulated conductor.
Background
Along with the 10kV overhead insulated conductors are largely used in urban and rural distribution networks, the 10kV overhead insulated conductors are frequently subjected to lightning stroke accidents, the 10kV overhead insulated conductors are mainly subjected to lightning stroke to cause insulated conductor breakage, large-area and long-time power failure is caused by the breakage accidents to cause great social influence, huge workload is brought to line repair, and indirect economic loss cannot be estimated. Therefore, the lightning breakage becomes a difficult problem of safe and stable operation of the overhead insulated conductor.
At present, measures for preventing the lightning stroke breakage of a 10kV insulated wire mainly comprise a lightning arrester, a single discharge protection gap, a lightning protection insulator and the like, and the measures have some problems respectively, for example, the lightning arrester needs to be subjected to preventive tests when running for a period of time (about 5 years), and the power supply feasibility is greatly influenced. In addition, the lightning arrester is difficult to find when single-phase grounding occurs due to insulation breakdown, the operation and maintenance are difficult, and potential safety hazards are left for a 10kV distribution network. After lightning strike protection clearance action, the power frequency follow current capability of the lightning protection insulator is poor, and the insulated conductor is more easily broken when being struck by lightning. The single discharge protection gap mainly has the problems that after the discharge protection gap is installed, due to the stress change of an insulated wire in the operation, the electrode orientation of the discharge protection gap (vertical to the ground when newly installed and the electrode orientation can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) can change, the protection performance of the discharge protection gap is directly influenced, and the protection function can be lost in the serious case. In addition, due to the reasons of materials or processes, the power frequency follow current capability of the single discharge protection gap cannot meet the requirement of fault current, and thus, the accident of disconnection of the insulated conductor after the insulated conductor is subjected to lightning overvoltage can also occur. Therefore, effective lightning protection measures are taken, and the lightning protection and disconnection prevention capability of the insulated conductor is improved, so that the safety and stability in operation of a power grid are greatly improved.
For example, chinese patent document CN201075637 discloses a "puncture-type lightning protection device for preventing lightning breakage of an overhead insulated conductor", which includes an insulator and an overhead insulated conductor, and is characterized in that a puncture wire clamp is mounted on the overhead insulated conductor, the puncture wire clamp is connected to a puncture extension conductor, an arc-shaped shielding electrode is disposed at an end of the puncture extension conductor, an insulating sheath is sleeved on the puncture extension conductor and the arc-shaped shielding electrode, an end of the insulating sheath sleeved on the arc-shaped shielding electrode is open, an arc surface of the arc-shaped shielding electrode faces a metal electrode at a lower portion of the insulator, and the arc-shaped shielding electrode and the metal electrode at the lower portion of the insulator form a pair of discharge protection gaps. This patent document is only provided with an arc-shaped shielding electrode, and only has a single discharge protection gap, and when the insulated wire on the side where no protection gap exists is subjected to lightning overvoltage, the generated lightning overvoltage can move to the arc-shaped shielding electrode along the insulated wire, and then breakdown to the ground to discharge, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire can cause the insulated wire to breakdown to the ground through an insulator when the lightning overvoltage does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, thereby causing the disconnection fault of the insulated wire. The problem that the electrode orientation of the discharge protection gap (the high-voltage side protection electrode faces the grounding electrode vertically when being newly installed and can deviate from the grounding electrode towards the horizontal direction after operation) can change due to the stress change of the insulated wire in the operation process after the discharge protection gap is installed also exists, the protection performance of the discharge protection gap is directly influenced, and the protection function can be lost in serious cases. In addition, due to the reasons of materials or processes, the power frequency follow current capacity of the single discharge protection gap cannot meet the requirement of fault current, so that the accident of disconnection of the insulated conductor after the insulated conductor is subjected to lightning overvoltage can also occur, and the reliability of the whole device is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of single discharge protection gap, poor power-frequency follow current capacity, unstable gap distance and low reliability in the conventional lightning protection wire breakage protection device, and provides a bidirectional lightning protection wire breakage protection method and device for an insulated wire.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a two-way lightning protection of insulated wire hits broken string protection device, includes insulator, insulated wire, telluric electricity field, drainage line, puncture fastener and striking electrode, the low pressure end of insulator is equipped with telluric electricity field, the high-pressure end of insulator is equipped with insulated wire and drainage line, the drainage line is parallelly connected with insulated wire through the puncture fastener, the drainage line both sides all are equipped with the striking electrode, form the discharge protection clearance between striking electrode and the telluric electricity field.
A section of drainage wire is parallelly connected with 2 puncture wire clamps on an insulated wire, two sides of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc striking electrode, a grounding electrode is fixedly installed at the low-voltage end of an insulator supporting the insulated wire, a discharge protection gap is formed between the arc striking electrode and the grounding electrode, when the insulated wire is subjected to lightning overvoltage and the amplitude of the lightning overvoltage exceeds the lightning-resistant level of the discharge protection gap, the puncture wire clamps and the drainage wire lead the lightning overvoltage to the arc striking electrode, the arc striking electrode carries out breakdown discharge on the grounding electrode, the 2 puncture wire clamps jointly provide subsequent power frequency fault current after breakdown discharge, compared with a single protection gap (only the protection gap of 1 wire clamp), the through-flow capacity of the fault current is remarkably improved, and therefore the insulated wire is protected from being broken in the process of being subjected to the lightning overvoltage. The two sides of the drainage wire are electrically connected with the arc striking electrode, no matter which side of the insulated wire is struck by lightning, the lightning overvoltage can be led to the arc striking electrode nearby through the puncture wire clamp and the drainage wire, and the arc striking electrode is used for discharging in a breakdown mode to the grounding electrode. The insulated wire on the other side of the protection gap insulator in the single protection gap is prevented from being subjected to lightning overvoltage, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire is subjected to breakdown flashover to the ground through the insulator when the insulated wire does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, so that the disconnection fault of the insulated wire is caused. The drainage wire, the insulated wire and the arc striking electrode form a whole, and the structure is stable in operation, so that the distance of a protection gap is ensured to be stable, and the fault that the lightning stroke of the insulated wire breaks due to the fact that the distance of a single discharge protection gap is unstable in operation (the high-voltage side protection electrode faces to the grounding electrode vertically when being newly installed and can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) fails is avoided. As fault current loaded on the insulated conductor (fault current caused by breakdown of a protection gap due to lightning overvoltage and during three-phase short circuit) can flow into the drainage wire through the 2 puncture wire clamps respectively, the puncture wire clamps cannot be blown as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach a thermal stability value of the fault current of more than 55% (the sum of the 2 puncture wire clamps can reach more than 110%), the accident of the insulated conductor broken by lightning stroke cannot occur, the accident that the insulated conductor broken by the current carrying capacity is poor due to the fact that only one wire clamp provides subsequent fault current in a single discharge protection gap is avoided, and the reliability of the device is improved. The test is not needed in the operation, the installation is only needed to be strictly carried out according to the construction process requirement, the maintenance can be avoided in the later operation process, and the operation and maintenance cost is greatly reduced. The device only needs to connect a section of drainage wire in parallel and install an additional grounding electrode on the overhead insulated line through 2 puncture wire clamps, and electrically connects the drainage wire with the arc striking electrode, thereby being very convenient for the on-line modification of lightning protection of the existing overhead insulated line and the installation of a new insulated line and having better usability and economical efficiency.
Preferably, a discharge protection gap with a lightning discharge voltage smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator is formed between the arc ignition electrode and the grounding electrode.
The thunder and lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap formed between the arc striking electrode and the grounding electrode is smaller than the thunder and lightning flashover voltage of the insulator, when the thunder and lightning overvoltage is suffered, when the amplitude of the thunder and lightning overvoltage exceeds the thunder and lightning resistant level of the protection gap between the arc striking electrode and the grounding electrode, the protection gap is preferentially punctured, the flashover of the insulator cannot be caused, the ground can not be punctured by the insulated conductor, the insulator is protected from being broken, the insulated conductor is not broken, and the power failure accident caused by the fact that the insulated conductor falls to cause damage and the broken insulated conductor due to the breakage of the insulator is effectively avoided.
Preferably, the grounding electrode comprises a fixed grounding electrode and a movable grounding electrode, the fixed grounding electrode is fixedly connected to the low-voltage end of the insulator, the movable grounding electrode is provided with a U-shaped hole, the movable grounding electrode is pressed between the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed grounding electrode, and the movable grounding electrode is provided with scales.
According to the protection requirement of the site, the movable grounding electrode can be moved to the direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to the direction close to the arc ignition electrode, so that the distance of the discharge protection gap is adjusted, and the application range of the protection device is expanded. Need not to take off the insulator when installing this lightning protection device additional on the overhead insulated wire of operation, install the insulator earlier when this lightning protection device is installed to new insulated wire circuit, only need loosen the nut of fastening insulator next, will remove telluric electricity field and inject between insulator low pressure end and the fixed telluric electricity field, then according to the requirement of protection adjust well and the distance between the striking electrode, fasten the nut of good insulator can, consequently, simple to operate and safe and reliable. The movable grounding electrode is provided with scales, and workers only need to adjust the discharge protection gap on site according to the scales, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the accuracy is high.
Preferably, the arc striking electrode, the drainage wire and the puncture wire clamp are all provided with insulating coating layers except the ground end part of the arc striking electrode.
The arc striking electrode, the drainage wire and the puncture wire clamp are all provided with insulating coating layers except the ground end part of the arc striking electrode, the insulating level of the insulating coating layers is consistent with the insulating level of an insulating lead, the insulating property of the overhead insulating lead is not influenced, and the occurrence of interphase or three-phase short circuit and single-phase ground fault caused by touching the upper ends of the drainage wire, the puncture wire clamp and the arc striking electrode by small animals and foreign matters after the lightning protection device is additionally arranged is prevented.
Preferably, the puncture wire clamp comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell comprises a first insulated wire puncture part and a first drainage wire puncture part, the first insulating lead puncture part and the first drainage lead puncture part are connected through a conducting strip to form a conducting loop, the lower shell comprises a second insulated wire puncture part and a second drainage wire puncture part which are connected through a conducting strip to form a conducting loop, the first insulated wire puncture part and the second insulated wire puncture part correspondingly form an insulated wire puncture part, the first drainage thread puncturing part and the second drainage thread puncturing part correspondingly form a drainage thread puncturing part, the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part are provided with puncture blades which are uniformly distributed, and the upper shell and the lower shell are fixed through connecting fasteners.
The puncture wire clamp is simple in overall structure, capable of simultaneously installing an insulated wire and a drainage wire, simple and convenient in installation process, and free of stripping the insulating layer of the insulated wire.
Preferably, the inner wall of the insulated wire puncture part and the inner wall of the drainage wire puncture part are both provided with silicone grease, the side of the upper shell is provided with a clamping groove, and the side of the lower shell is provided with a clamping body corresponding to the clamping groove.
Carry out the insulating layer that presss from both sides tight fixed in-process puncture blade can impale insulated wire and drainage wire to insulated wire and drainage wire puncture portion, contact with inside electric conductor, the silicone grease of inner wall can wrap up the contact point of puncture blade and insulated wire and drainage wire insulating layer this moment, draw-in groove and the combination of the card body have constituted waterproof construction, effectively prevent that rainwater edgewise and front and back from entering into the puncture fastener, prevent that insulated wire and drainage wire from arousing defect and insulated wire increase weight influence atress and to ground distance after intaking, the life of insulated wire and drainage wire has been prolonged, and the silicone grease can be in natural environment normal work for a long time.
A bidirectional lightning protection and disconnection protection method for an insulated wire comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly mounting the grounding electrode at the low-voltage end of the insulator;
s2, fixedly mounting the insulated wire at the high-voltage end of the insulator;
s3, electrically connecting the two ends of the drainage wire with the arc ignition electrodes respectively;
s4, the drainage wire and the arc striking electrode are parallelly installed with the insulated conducting wire through the puncture wire clamp;
and S5, adjusting the distance of the discharge protection gap between the grounding electrode and the arc ignition electrode according to the protection requirement.
A section of drainage wire is parallelly connected with 2 puncture wire clamps on an insulated wire, two sides of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc striking electrode, a grounding electrode is fixedly installed at the low-voltage end of an insulator supporting the insulated wire, a discharge protection gap is formed between the arc striking electrode and the grounding electrode, the distance of the discharge protection gap is adjusted according to the field protection requirement, when the insulated wire is subjected to lightning overvoltage and the amplitude of the lightning overvoltage exceeds the lightning-resistant level of the discharge protection gap, the puncture wire clamps and the drainage wire lead the lightning overvoltage to the arc striking electrode, and the arc striking electrode is subjected to breakdown discharge on the grounding electrode, so that the insulated wire is protected from being broken in the lightning stroke process. The two sides of the drainage wire are electrically connected with the arc striking electrodes, no matter which side of the insulated wire is struck by lightning, the lightning overvoltage can be caused to the arc striking electrodes nearby through the puncture wire clamps and the drainage wire, the arc striking electrodes are subjected to breakdown discharge on the grounding electrodes, and the reliability of the device is improved. The insulated wire on the other side of the protection gap insulator in the single protection gap is prevented from being subjected to lightning overvoltage, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire is subjected to breakdown flashover to the ground through the insulator when the insulated wire does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, so that the disconnection fault of the insulated wire is caused. The drainage wire, the insulated wire and the arc striking electrode form a whole, and the structure is stable in operation, so that the distance of a protection gap is ensured to be stable, and the fault that the lightning stroke of the insulated wire breaks due to the fact that the distance of a single discharge protection gap is unstable in operation (the high-voltage side protection electrode faces to the grounding electrode vertically when being newly installed and can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) fails is avoided. As fault current loaded on the insulated conductor (fault current caused by protection gap breakdown due to lightning overvoltage and during three-phase short circuit) can respectively flow into the drainage wire through the 2 puncture wire clamps, the puncture wire clamps can not be blown as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach a thermal stability value of the fault current of more than 55% (2 puncture wire clamps can be added up to more than 110%), the accident of lightning stroke wire breakage of the insulated conductor can not occur, and the reliability of the device is improved. Only need on original overhead insulated wire way or when newly installing overhead insulated wire way, connect a section of drainage wire in parallel and install telluric electricity field additional through the puncture fastener to electrically connect drainage wire and striking electrode, this lightning protection device of very convenient online transformation and the new installation overhead insulated wire time installation that has overhead insulated wire lightning protection has better usability and economic nature.
Preferably, the step S4 specifically includes: the drainage wire and the arc-striking electrode are connected in parallel with the insulated conductor through 2 puncture wire clamps, and when the discharge protection gap acts to discharge, the 2 puncture wire clamps jointly provide subsequent power frequency current.
The fault current loaded on the insulated conductor (the fault current caused by the breakdown of the protection gap due to the lightning overvoltage causes the interphase or three-phase short circuit) can respectively flow into the drainage wire through 2 puncture wire clamps, so as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach the thermal stability value of the fault current of more than 55% (the sum of 2 can reach more than 110%), the puncture wire clamp cannot be burnt, the accident of the lightning stroke breakage of the insulated conductor cannot occur, the accident that the single discharge protection gap causes the breakage of the insulated conductor due to the poor current-carrying capacity caused by the fact that only one wire clamp provides the subsequent fault current is avoided, and the reliability of the device is improved.
Preferably, the step S5 specifically includes: according to protection requirements, the movable grounding electrode is moved to a direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to a direction close to the arc ignition electrode.
According to the protection requirement of the site, the movable grounding electrode is moved to the direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to the direction close to the arc ignition electrode, so that the distance of the discharge protection gap is adjusted, and the application range of the protection device is expanded.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention parallelly connects a section of drainage wire on the insulated conductor, electrically connects an arc-striking electrode on both sides of the drainage wire, fixedly installs grounding electrode on the low-voltage end of the insulator supporting the insulated conductor, forms discharge protection gap between the arc-striking electrode and the grounding electrode, when the lightning overvoltage is suffered and the amplitude exceeds the lightning-resistant level of the discharge protection gap, the puncture wire clamp and the drainage wire lead the lightning overvoltage to the arc-striking electrode, the arc-striking electrode breaks down to discharge to the grounding electrode, thereby protecting the insulated conductor from wire breakage in the lightning stroke process. The arc striking electrodes are distributed on two sides of the insulator, and the lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap is smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator, so that when the insulator is subjected to lightning overvoltage, flashover of the insulator cannot be caused, and the insulated conductor cannot be punctured to the ground, the insulator is protected from being broken and the insulated conductor cannot be broken, and damage caused by falling of the insulated conductor due to breakage of the insulator and power failure accidents caused by broken insulated conductor are effectively avoided. The insulated wire is provided with 2 puncture wire clamps, and fault current loaded on the insulated wire (fault current caused by protection gap breakdown due to lightning overvoltage and during three-phase short circuit) can respectively flow into the drainage wire through the 2 puncture wire clamps, so that the insulated wire cannot be broken by lightning stroke as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach a thermal stability value of more than 55 percent of fault current (2 plus can reach more than 110 percent), the puncture wire clamp cannot be burnt, the problem of broken wire caused by limited current carrying capacity of the single protection gap (only 1 protection gap of the wire clamp) wire clamp is solved, and the reliability of the device is improved. The drainage wire, the insulated wire and the arc striking electrode are integrated, and the structure is stable in operation, so that the distance of a protection gap is ensured to be stable, and the fault that the lightning stroke of the insulated wire breaks due to the failure that the distance of a single discharge protection gap is unstable in operation (the high-voltage side protection electrode faces to the grounding electrode vertically when being newly installed and can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) is avoided. The invention avoids the condition that the insulated wire of the single protection gap on the other side of the protection gap insulator is subjected to lightning overvoltage, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire is subjected to breakdown flashover to the ground through the insulator when the insulated wire does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, so that the disconnection fault of the insulated wire is caused. The invention does not need to carry out tests in operation, only needs to be installed strictly according to the requirements of construction process, and can be free of maintenance in the later operation process. The lightning protection device is connected with a section of the drainage wire and the grounding electrode in parallel through 2 puncture wire clamps on the original overhead insulated line, and the drainage wire is electrically connected with the arc striking electrode, so that the lightning protection device is very convenient to install when the existing overhead insulated line is subjected to online modification for lightning protection and is newly installed, and the lightning protection device has better usability and economical efficiency. The invention can adjust the discharge protection gap by moving the grounding electrode, thereby enlarging the application range of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the puncture clamp of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a moving ground electrode in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the arc starting rod, the arc starting cone and the arc starting ball in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a grounding electrode, 11, a fixed grounding electrode, 12 a movable grounding electrode, 13, a U-shaped hole, 2, an insulator, 3, an insulated wire, 4, a drainage wire, 5, a puncture wire clamp, 50, a nut, 51, an upper shell, 52, a lower shell, 53, a conducting strip, 54, an insulated wire puncture part, 55, a drainage wire puncture part, 56, a puncture blade, 57, a clamping groove, 58, a clamping body, 59, a bolt, 6, an arc striking electrode, 7, an arc striking ball, 8, an arc striking rod, 9, an arc striking cone, 10, a buckle, 14, a fixing groove, 15 and a conical groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example 1: the bidirectional lightning protection and disconnection protection device for the insulated conductor in the embodiment comprises an earth electrode 1, two insulators 2, an insulated conductor 3, a drainage wire 4, two puncture wire clamps 5 and two arc ignition electrodes 6, as shown in fig. 1 to 3. The grounding electrode comprises a fixed grounding electrode 11 and two movable grounding electrodes 12, wherein one end of each movable grounding electrode is provided with a U-shaped hole 13, and scales are carved on two sides of the U-shaped hole of each movable grounding electrode. The puncture wire clamp comprises an upper shell 51 and a lower shell 52, the upper shell comprises a first insulated wire puncture part and a first drainage wire puncture part, the first insulated wire puncture part and the first drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip 53 to form a conducting loop, the lower shell comprises a second insulated wire puncture part and a second drainage wire puncture part, the second insulated wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip to form a conducting loop, the first insulated wire puncture part and the second insulated wire puncture part correspondingly form an insulated wire puncture part 54, the first drainage wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part correspondingly form a drainage wire puncture part 55, puncture blades 56 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part, silicone grease is coated on the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part, clamping grooves 57 are formed on two sides of the upper shell, clamping bodies 58 corresponding to the clamping grooves are fixedly mounted on two sides of the lower shell, the card body is integral with the lower shell, and the upper shell and the lower shell are fixed by a connecting fastener, which comprises a bolt 59 and a nut 50. The arc striking electrode, the drainage wire and the puncture wire clamp are all wrapped with insulating wrapping layers except the ground end part of the arc striking electrode, the insulating level of the insulating wrapping layers is consistent with that of an insulating lead, and the insulating wrapping layers wrapped by the arc striking electrode are red, yellow and green, and are consistent with A, B, C.
The low-voltage ends of the two insulators are fixedly connected to the two ends of the fixed grounding electrode respectively, and the movable grounding electrode is fixedly connected between the low-voltage ends of the insulators and the fixed grounding electrode in a crimping mode. The insulation lead is fixedly arranged at the high-voltage end of the insulator, the drainage wire is connected with the insulation lead in parallel through 2 puncture wire clamps, a puncture blade in a puncture part of the insulation lead penetrates through an insulation layer of the insulation lead to connect the puncture wire clamps with an insulation lead conductor, silicone grease on the inner wall of the puncture part of the insulation lead wraps the contact part of the puncture blade and the insulation layer, the puncture blade in the puncture part of the drainage wire penetrates through the insulation layer of the drainage wire to connect the puncture wire clamps with the drainage wire conductor, the silicone grease on the inner wall of the puncture part of the drainage wire wraps the contact part of the puncture blade and the insulation layer, two ends of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc ignition electrode, a discharge protection gap with a lightning discharge voltage smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator is formed between the arc ignition electrode and a grounding electrode, and a worker can move the movable grounding electrode to a direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to a direction close to the arc ignition electrode according to the on-site protection requirement, thereby adjusting the distance of the discharge protection gap.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a bidirectional lightning protection method for an insulated conductor includes the following steps:
s1, fixing and installing a grounding electrode at the low-voltage end of the insulator: the low-voltage end of the insulator is fixedly connected with the fixed grounding electrode, and the movable grounding electrode is fixedly connected between the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed grounding electrode in a crimping mode;
s2, fixedly installing an insulated wire at the high-voltage end of the insulator;
s3, two ends of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc striking electrode;
s4, parallelly mounting the drainage wire and the arc ignition electrode with the insulated conducting wire through 2 puncture wire clamps, forming a discharge protection gap between the arc ignition electrode and the grounding electrode, wherein the lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap is smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator, and when the discharge protection gap acts to discharge, the 2 puncture wire clamps jointly provide subsequent power frequency fault current;
and S5, according to the protection requirement, the movable grounding electrode is moved to the direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to the direction close to the arc ignition electrode, so as to adjust the distance of the discharge protection gap between the grounding electrode and the arc ignition electrode.
A section of drainage wire is parallelly connected with an insulated wire in parallel, two sides of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc-striking electrode, a grounding electrode is fixedly connected with the low-voltage end of an insulator supporting the insulated wire, a discharge protection gap is formed between the arc-striking electrode and the grounding electrode, the distance of the discharge protection gap is adjusted according to the field protection requirement, when the insulated wire is subjected to lightning overvoltage and the amplitude of the lightning overvoltage exceeds the lightning-resistant level of the discharge protection gap, the lightning overvoltage is led to the arc-striking electrode by a puncture wire clamp and the drainage wire, the arc-striking electrode is subjected to breakdown discharge on the grounding electrode, and therefore the insulated wire is protected from being broken in the lightning stroke process. The two sides of the drainage wire are electrically connected with the arc striking electrodes, no matter which side of the insulated wire is struck by lightning, the lightning overvoltage can be caused to the arc striking electrodes nearby through the puncture wire clamps and the drainage wire, the arc striking electrodes are subjected to breakdown discharge on the grounding electrodes, and the reliability of the device is improved. The insulated wire on the other side of the protection gap insulator in the single protection gap is prevented from being subjected to lightning overvoltage, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire is subjected to breakdown flashover to the ground through the insulator when the insulated wire does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, so that the disconnection fault of the insulated wire is caused. The drainage wire, the insulated wire and the arc striking electrode form a whole, and the structure is stable in operation, so that the distance of a protection gap is ensured to be stable, and the fault that the lightning stroke of the insulated wire is broken due to the protection failure caused by the unstable distance of a single discharge protection gap in operation (the high-voltage side protection electrode faces to the grounding electrode vertically when being newly installed and can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) is avoided. As fault current loaded on the insulated conductor (fault current caused by protection gap breakdown due to lightning overvoltage and during three-phase short circuit) can respectively flow into the drainage wire through the 2 puncture wire clamps, the puncture wire clamps can not be blown as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach a thermal stability value of the fault current of more than 55% (2 puncture wire clamps can be added up to more than 110%), the accident of lightning stroke breakage of the insulated conductor can not occur, and the safety of the insulated conductor is ensured. The thunder and lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap formed between the arc striking electrode and the grounding electrode is smaller than the thunder and lightning flashover voltage of the insulator, when the thunder and lightning overvoltage is suffered, flashover of the insulator can not be caused, and the insulated wire can not be broken, so that the insulator is protected from being broken and the insulated wire is protected from being broken, and damage caused by falling of the insulated wire due to breakage of the insulator and power failure accidents caused by broken of the insulated wire are effectively avoided. According to the protection requirement of the site, the movable grounding electrode can be moved to the direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to the direction close to the arc ignition electrode, so that the distance of the discharge protection gap is adjusted, and the application range of the protection device is expanded. The movable grounding electrode is fixedly connected with the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed grounding electrode, one end of the movable grounding electrode, which is fixedly connected with the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed grounding electrode, is provided with a U-shaped hole, the insulator does not need to be taken down when the lightning protection device is additionally arranged on an operating overhead insulated conductor, the insulator can be arranged firstly when the lightning protection device is arranged on a new insulated conductor line, then the nut for fastening the insulator only needs to be loosened, the movable grounding electrode is inserted between the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed grounding electrode, then the distance between the movable grounding electrode and an arc-striking electrode is adjusted according to the protection requirement, and the nut for fastening the insulator can be obtained; meanwhile, the device only needs to connect a section of drainage wire in parallel and install an additional grounding electrode on the overhead insulated line through the puncture wire clamp, and the drainage wire is electrically connected with the arc striking electrode, so that the lightning protection on-line transformation of the existing overhead insulated line and the installation on a new overhead insulated line are very convenient, and therefore, the device is convenient to install, safe and reliable, and has good usability and economical efficiency.
Example 2: the bidirectional lightning protection broken wire protection device for the insulated conductor in the embodiment comprises an earthed electrode 1, two insulators 2, an insulated conductor 3, a drainage wire 4, two puncture wire clamps 5, two arc striking balls 7, two arc striking rods 8 and a plurality of arc striking cones 9, as shown in fig. 5 to 6. The end of the arc striking rod is conical, the buckles 10 are installed on two sides of the conical end of the arc striking rod, the fixing grooves 14 are formed in the inner sides of the arc striking cones, the buckles are installed on the outer sides of the arc striking cones, the fixing grooves and the buckles of the arc striking cones are distributed in a staggered mode, the top end of each arc striking ball is provided with a conical groove 15 which is used for being fixedly connected with the arc striking rod or the arc striking cones, and the fixing grooves are formed in the conical grooves. The puncture wire clamp comprises an upper shell 51 and a lower shell 52, the upper shell comprises a first insulated wire puncture part and a first drainage wire puncture part, the first insulated wire puncture part and the first drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip 53 to form a conducting loop, the lower shell comprises a second insulated wire puncture part and a second drainage wire puncture part, the second insulated wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip to form a conducting loop, the first insulated wire puncture part and the second insulated wire puncture part correspondingly form an insulated wire puncture part 54, the first drainage wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part correspondingly form a drainage wire puncture part 55, puncture blades 56 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part, silicone grease is coated on the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part, clamping grooves 57 are formed on two sides of the upper shell, clamping bodies 58 corresponding to the clamping grooves are fixedly mounted on two sides of the lower shell, the card body is integrative with lower casing, goes up the casing and passes through coupling fastener fixed with lower casing, and coupling fastener includes bolt 59 and nut 50, and the outer insulating parcel layer that all wraps up of striking stick, drainage wire and puncture fastener, the insulating level on insulating parcel layer is unanimous with the insulating level of insulated conductor, and the insulating parcel layer that the striking stick is wrapping up divide into red, yellow, green three kinds of colours, and is unanimous with the looks colour of A, B, C three-phase line.
The low-voltage ends of the two insulators are fixedly connected to the two ends of the grounding electrode, the insulated conducting wire is fixedly installed at the high-voltage end of the insulator, the drainage wire is connected with the insulated conducting wire in parallel through a puncture wire clamp, a puncture blade in a puncture part of the insulated conducting wire penetrates through an insulating layer of the insulated conducting wire to enable the puncture wire clamp to be in conductive connection with the insulated conducting wire, silicone grease on the inner wall of the puncture part of the insulated conducting wire wraps a contact part of the puncture blade and the insulating layer, a puncture blade in a puncture part of the drainage wire penetrates through the insulating layer of the drainage wire to enable the puncture wire clamp to be in conductive connection with the drainage wire, silicone grease on the inner wall of the puncture part of the drainage wire wraps a contact part of the puncture blade and the insulating layer, the two ends of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with an arc striking rod, the tail end of the arc striking rod is fixedly connected with an arc striking ball, conductive adhesive is coated on the contact surfaces of the arc striking rod and the arc striking ball, and the grounding electrode form a discharge protection gap with a lightning discharge voltage smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulators, the staff can be according to the protection requirement on scene, a plurality of arc starting awl of fixed connection between arc starting stick and arc starting ball, and the contact surface of arc starting awl and arc starting stick, the contact surface of arc starting awl and the contact surface of arc starting awl and arc starting ball all are scribbled the conducting resin, and then adjust the distance in discharge protection clearance.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a bidirectional lightning protection method for an insulated conductor includes the following steps:
s1, fixing and installing a grounding electrode at the low-voltage end of the insulator;
s2, fixedly installing an insulated wire at the high-voltage end of the insulator;
s3, electrically connecting the two ends of the drainage wire with arc striking rods respectively;
s4, parallelly mounting the drainage wire and the arc striking rod with the insulated wire through the puncture wire clamp;
s5, selecting whether the arc ignition cone needs to be installed or not according to the protection requirement, and if not, performing the step S6, and if so, performing the step S7;
s6, fixedly connecting the arc striking rod with the arc striking ball, fully coating conductive adhesive on the contact surface of the arc striking ball and the arc striking rod, and forming a discharge protection gap between the arc striking ball and the grounding electrode, wherein the lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap is smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator;
s7, selecting the number of arc starting cones to be installed according to protection requirements;
s8, the arc striking cones are sequentially and fixedly installed to form an arc striking cone chain, the arc striking rod and the arc striking ball are fixedly connected through the arc striking cone chain, conductive adhesive is coated on the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the arc striking rod, the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the arc striking ball, and a discharge protection gap with the lightning discharge voltage smaller than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator is formed between the arc striking ball and the grounding electrode.
A section of drainage wire is parallelly connected in parallel on the insulated conductor, and an arc striking rod is electrically connected respectively in the both sides of drainage wire, and the terminal fixedly connected with arc striking ball of arc striking rod forms the discharge protection clearance between arc striking ball and the telluric electricity field, when the insulated conductor suffered the thunder and lightning overvoltage and its amplitude exceeded the lightning-resistant level in discharge protection clearance, puncture fastener and drainage wire led the thunder and lightning overvoltage to the arc striking ball on, the arc striking ball broke down and discharges to telluric electricity field, thereby protected the insulated conductor can not break off the line at the thunderbolt in-process. The both sides of drainage wire all the electricity connect striking stick and striking ball, no matter which side of insulated wire is suffered from the thunderbolt, all can be nearby through puncture fastener, drainage wire and striking stick with the thunder and lightning overvoltage to the striking ball on, the striking ball punctures the discharge to ground electrode, has improved the reliability of device. The insulated wire on the other side of the protection gap insulator in the single protection gap is prevented from being subjected to lightning overvoltage, and when the lightning overvoltage is very high, the insulated wire is subjected to breakdown flashover to the ground through the insulator when the insulated wire does not move to the protection gap in the lightning overvoltage moving process, so that the disconnection fault of the insulated wire is caused. The drainage wire, the insulated wire and the arc striking rod form a whole, and the structure is stable in operation, so that the distance of a protection gap is ensured to be stable, and the fault that the lightning stroke of the insulated wire is broken due to the protection failure caused by the unstable distance of a single discharge protection gap in operation (when the single discharge protection gap is newly installed, a high-voltage side protection electrode faces to an earth electrode vertically, and can change towards the horizontal direction after operation) is avoided. As fault current loaded on the insulated conductor (fault current caused by protection gap breakdown due to lightning overvoltage and during three-phase short circuit) can respectively flow into the drainage wire through the 2 puncture wire clamps, the puncture wire clamps can not be blown as long as a single puncture wire clamp can reach a thermal stability value of the fault current of more than 55% (2 puncture wire clamps can be added up to more than 110%), the accident of lightning stroke wire breakage of the insulated conductor can not occur, and the reliability of the device is improved. The thunder and lightning discharge voltage of the discharge protection gap formed between the arc striking ball and the grounding electrode is smaller than the thunder and lightning flashover voltage of the insulator, when the thunder and lightning overvoltage is suffered, flashover of the insulator can not be caused, and the insulated conductor can not be broken, so that the insulator is protected from being broken and the insulated conductor is protected from being broken, and power failure accidents caused by damage caused by falling of the insulated conductor and breakage of the insulated conductor due to breakage of the insulator are effectively avoided. The arc striking device can determine whether the arc striking cone is additionally arranged between the arc striking rod and the arc striking ball according to the field protection requirement, is simple and convenient to install and flexible to adjust, enlarges the application range of the arc striking device, only needs to replace the damaged part when the arc striking cone is damaged, is simple and convenient to maintain, and is low in maintenance cost. Only need connect a section of drainage wire in parallel through the puncture fastener on original overhead insulated wire or on new frame insulated wire to electrically connect drainage wire and striking stick, very make things convenient for the on-line transformation that has overhead insulated wire lightning protection and the installation of new frame insulated wire lightning protection device, have better usability and economic nature.
Claims (9)
1. A bidirectional lightning protection wire breakage protection device for an insulated wire is characterized by comprising an insulator, an insulated wire, an earth electrode, a drainage wire, a puncture wire clamp and an arc striking electrode, wherein the earth electrode is arranged at the low-voltage end of the insulator, the insulated wire and the drainage wire are arranged at the high-voltage end of the insulator, the drainage wire is connected with the insulated wire in parallel through the puncture wire clamp, the arc striking electrodes are arranged on two sides of the drainage wire, a discharge protection gap is formed between the arc striking electrodes and the earth electrode, each arc striking electrode comprises an arc striking ball, an arc striking rod and a plurality of arc striking cones, the tail end of each arc striking rod is conical, buckles are arranged on two conical sides of the tail end of each arc striking rod, a fixing groove is formed in the inner side of each arc striking cone, the buckles are arranged on the outer side of each arc striking cone, the fixing grooves and the buckles of the arc striking cones are distributed in a staggered manner, and a conical groove for fixedly connecting with the arc striking rods or the arc striking cones is formed in the top end of each arc striking ball, the fixed groove is formed in the conical groove, the two ends of the drainage wire are respectively and electrically connected with the arc striking rod, the arc striking rods and the arc striking balls are fixedly connected with a plurality of arc striking cones, and the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the arc striking rods, the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the contact surfaces of the arc striking cones and the arc striking balls are coated with conductive adhesive.
2. The isolated conductor bi-directional lightning protection device of claim 1, wherein a discharge protection gap having a lightning discharge voltage less than the lightning flashover voltage of the insulator is formed between the ignition electrode and the ground electrode.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the ground electrode comprises a fixed ground electrode and a movable ground electrode, the fixed ground electrode is fixedly connected to the low-voltage end of the insulator, the movable ground electrode is provided with a U-shaped hole, the movable ground electrode is pressed between the low-voltage end of the insulator and the fixed ground electrode, and the movable ground electrode is provided with a scale.
4. The bidirectional lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the arc striking electrode, the drainage wire and the piercing connector are provided with an insulating coating layer except for the ground end of the arc striking electrode.
5. The insulated wire bidirectional lightning protection breakage protection device according to claim 1, wherein the puncture wire clamp comprises an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing comprises a first insulated wire puncture part and a first drainage wire puncture part, the first insulated wire puncture part and the first drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip to form a conductive loop, the lower housing comprises a second insulated wire puncture part and a second drainage wire puncture part, the second insulated wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part are connected through a conducting strip to form a conductive loop, the first insulated wire puncture part and the second insulated wire puncture part correspondingly form an insulated wire puncture part, the first drainage wire puncture part and the second drainage wire puncture part correspondingly form a drainage wire puncture part, and the inner walls of the insulated wire puncture part and the drainage wire puncture part are provided with puncture blades which are uniformly distributed, the upper shell and the lower shell are fixed through connecting fasteners.
6. The insulated conductor bidirectional lightning protection device according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the insulated conductor puncture part and the inner wall of the drainage wire puncture part are both provided with silicone grease, the upper shell side is provided with a clamping groove, and the lower shell side is provided with a clamping body corresponding to the clamping groove.
7. A bidirectional lightning protection disconnection protection method for an insulated conductor, which is suitable for the device of claims 1-6, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixedly mounting the grounding electrode at the low-voltage end of the insulator;
s2, fixedly mounting the insulated wire at the high-voltage end of the insulator;
s3, electrically connecting the two ends of the drainage wire with the arc ignition electrodes respectively;
s4, the drainage wire and the arc striking electrode are parallelly installed with the insulated conducting wire through the puncture wire clamp;
and S5, adjusting the distance of the discharge protection gap between the grounding electrode and the arc ignition electrode according to the protection requirement.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step S4 specifically includes: the drainage wire and the arc-striking electrode are connected in parallel with the insulated conductor through 2 puncture wire clamps, and when the discharge protection gap acts to discharge, the 2 puncture wire clamps jointly provide subsequent power frequency current.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step S5 specifically includes: according to protection requirements, the movable grounding electrode is moved to a direction far away from the arc ignition electrode or to a direction close to the arc ignition electrode.
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| CN114498305B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-03-21 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Overvoltage protection device |
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