CN109709171A - 一种用于微量铜离子检测的光电化学传感器及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于光电化学传感器领域,公开了一种用于微量铜离子检测的光电化学传感器及其制作方法,所述制作方法包括步骤:(1)将50mg HNbWO6或HNbMoO6分散于50‑100mL水中,加入5mL 25wt.%的四丁基氢氧化铵,在45℃下搅拌12‑24小时,离心得到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶;(2)将洁净的ITO导电玻璃片放置到聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)溶液中浸渍5‑25分钟后水洗;(3)将步骤(2)中得到的ITO/PDDA玻璃片放置到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶中浸渍5‑25分钟后水洗;(4)将步骤(3)中得到的玻璃片重复(2)和(3)的过程并循环重复0‑9次,干燥,400℃干燥2小时,即得光电化学传感器。本发明制作出的光电化学传感器能实现快速选择性检测溶液中微量铜离子并测定其中铜离子含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电化学传感器领域,涉及有毒重金属的测定方法,具体涉及一种用于微量铜离子检测的光电化学传感器及其制作方法
技术背景
铜是一种重要的基本元素,在许多生物体内起着酶辅因子的作用,参与了红细胞的形成过程。然而,高浓度的这种离子可能是有害的,会引起咽喉和鼻子的刺激,贫血,骨骼紊乱,呕吐和腹泻。因此,对人体或环境中微量的Cu2+进行监测和定量分析是必要的。
近年来,对于微量铜离子检测的方法较多,大致包括分光光度计法 (El-ZomrawyA A.Selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method to determine traceamounts of copper metal ions using Amaranth food dye[J].Spectrochimica ActaPart A Molecular&Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2018,203:450.)、荧光光谱法(Omer KM.Highly passivated phosphorous and nitrogen co-doped carbon quantum dots andfluorometric assay for detection of copper ions[J].Analytical&BioanalyticalChemistry,2018,410(24):6331-6336.)、电解法(Cinti S,Mazzaracchio V,G, etal.A lab-on-a-tip approach to make electroanalysis user-friendly and de-centralized: Detection of copper ions in river water.[J].Analytica ChimicaActa, 2018:S0003267018305646.)、局部表面等离子体共振法(Hong Y,Jo S,Park J,etal. High sensitive detection of Copper II ions using D-penicillamine coatedgold nanorods based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance.[J].Nanotechnology,2018. 29(21):215501(1-19))以及光电化学法(Qiu Y,Jing L,Li H,etal.A facile and ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical sensor for copper ionsusing in-situ electrodeposition of cuprous oxide[J].Sensors&Actuators BChemical,2015, 208:485-490.)等。在众多方法中,光电化学法因其操作简单,灵敏度高,选择性高等优点被广泛应用。
徐慧(徐慧.基于自组装金/硫化锌纳米复合结构的光电化学传感器[D]. 苏州大学,2016)将ITO/Au/ZnS电极制成PEC传感器,并对Cu2+离子进行痕量检测。在最优条件下对不同浓度铜离子进行检测,实验证明该传感器对低浓度Cu2+离子有超灵敏的响应,线性范围为1nM-1μM,检测限为0.5nM(S/N=3)。陈全友等人(陈全友,谭学才,杜方凯,等.基于CdS敏化Fe:TiO2纳米片的光电传感器对 Cu2+的检测[J].分析化学,2018,46(2):232-238)以钛酸四丁酯(C16H36O4Ti)和三氟化铁(FeF3)为原料,用水热法制备了铁掺杂二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米片,并将其修饰ITO电极表面通过连续离子吸附与反应法制备了ITO/Fe:TiO2/CdS光电传感器,并用于Cu2+的检测,Cu2+浓度与传感器检测的电流值呈良好的线性关系,检出限为85nmol/L。目前报道的一些光电传感器检测微量铜离子,主要集中在抑制电子和空穴的复合,增强电流强度。另外在定量分析方面不深入。
本发明设计一种光电化学传感器,通过提高电子和空穴的复合率达到检测微量铜离子的目的,根据光电流强度变化与铜离子浓度的关系,实现铜离子浓度的定量分析。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于微量铜离子检测的光电化学传感器及其制作方法,该方法所制得的电化学传感器能对溶液中微量铜离子快速选择性检测和定量分析。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明第一方面涉及选择性检测铜离子的光电化学传感器的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将50mg HNbWO6或HNbMoO6分散于50-100mL水中,加入5mL 25 wt.%的四丁基氢氧化铵,在45℃下搅拌12-24小时,离心得到HNbWO6或 HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶;
(2)将洁净的ITO导电玻璃片放置到PDDA溶液中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的ITO/PDDA玻璃片放置到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的玻璃片重复(2)和(3)的过程并循环重复0-9次,干燥, 400℃干燥2小时,即得光电化学传感器。
上述方法中,利用静电吸引先将连接剂PDDA吸附在ITO导电玻璃上,再将HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片与PDDA静电吸附。400℃下干燥2小时,一方面去除连接剂PDDA,另一方面使得HNbWO6或HNbMoO6与ITO导电玻璃相互作用。
本发明第二方面涉及所述的制作方法得到的光电化学传感器。
本发明的第三方面涉及所制作的光电化学传感器在选择性测定溶液中铜离子含量中的应用。
本发明的第四方面涉及铜离子检测和含量测定是通过纳米薄膜材料与铜离子的能带匹配,提高电子和空穴的复合来实现。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明的光电化学传感器制作工艺简单、价格低廉;
本发明制作方法得到的光电化学传感器具有对Cu2+检测的选择性强(Ag+, Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cu+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Na+,Zn2+等物质响应度很低)、稳定性好等特点;
本发明制作方法得到的光电化学传感器用于测定铜离子浓度,操作简单,反应速度快,稳定性好,能实施、在线快速检测重金属离子成为一种可能。
本发明制作方法得到的光电化学传感器的材料性能稳定,便于保存,方便使用。
附图说明
图1是本发明光电化学传感器对微量铜离子选择性检测
图2是本发明光电化学传感器对微量铜离子浓度测定
图3是本发明光电化学传感器对微量铜离子选择性检测原理
具体实施方法
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
下列实施例中涉及的物料均可从商业渠道获得。
实施例1光电化学传感器的制作方法
(1)将50mg HNbWO6或HNbMoO6分散于50-100mL水中,加入5mL 25 wt.%的四丁基氢氧化铵,在45℃下搅拌12-24小时,离心得到HNbWO6或 HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶;
(2)将洁净的ITO导电玻璃片放置到PDDA溶液中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的ITO/PDDA玻璃片放置到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的玻璃片重复(2)和(3)的过程并循环重复0-9次,干燥, 400℃干燥2小时,即得光电化学传感器。
实施例2光电化学传感器的对铜离子的选择性检测
将光电化学测试电解液中分别加入不同的金属盐(Ag+,Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+, Co2+,Cu+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Na+,Zn2+等),配置成150μM的混合溶液,测试金属盐对材料电流时间曲线的影响。结果发现只有Cu2+的加入严重影响了光电流的强度,其他阳离子的加入对光电流强度影响非常小(如图1),从而能够排除一些常见阳离子的干扰。可见,本发明制作的光电化学传感器对铜离子具有高度的选择性。
实施例3光电化学传感器的对铜离子的定量测定
将光电化学测试电解液中分别加入150μM,75μM,37.5μM,18.75μM 和9.375μM的Cu2+溶液,检测铜离子浓度对材料的电流时间曲线。结果发现,随着铜离子浓度降低,其对材料的光电流强度影响越小,光电流强度与Cu2+浓度函数关系,其关系式为I=0.15+264.98/(55.56+c)(其中I为光电流强度,单位为μA·cm-2, c为Cu2+浓度,单位为μM)。说明本发明制作的光电流传感器能够通过Cu2+浓度对光电流强度影响的强弱测定Cu2+含量。
Claims (4)
1.一种光电化学传感器的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将50mg HNbWO6或HNbMoO6分散于50-100mL水中,加入5mL 25wt.%的四丁基氢氧化铵,在45℃下搅拌12-24小时,离心得到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶;
(2)将洁净的ITO导电玻璃片放置到PDDA溶液中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的ITO/PDDA玻璃片放置到HNbWO6或HNbMoO6纳米片溶胶中浸渍5-25分钟后水洗;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的玻璃片重复(2)和(3)的过程并循环重复0-9次,干燥,400℃干燥2小时,即得光电化学传感器。
2.一种光电化学传感器,其特征在于,所述光电化学传感器为按照权利要求1所述方法制作而得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光电化学传感器在选择性检测溶液中微量铜离子并测定其中铜离子含量中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的微量铜离子检测并测定其含量的应用,其特征在于,通过纳米薄膜材料与铜离子的能带匹配,提高电子和空穴的复合来实现。
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CN115367800A (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-11-22 | 上海旦芯悦灵脑智能科技有限公司 | 一种钙钛矿半导体纳米材料的制备方法和应用 |
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