CN109709021B - Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging and deblocking effects of plugging agent in perforation crack - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging and deblocking effects of plugging agent in perforation crack Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and a method for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack, the experimental device for evaluating the plugging and deblocking effects of the plugging agent in the perforation crack comprises a heater, a copper sleeve, a perforation crack block, an inlet plug, an outlet plug, a pressurizing device and a plunger device, wherein the heater is provided with a heating cavity, a first inlet and a first outlet which are positioned at two ends and respectively communicated with the heating cavity, the copper sleeve transversely extends and is arranged in the heating cavity, the two ends of the copper sleeve are provided with a second inlet and a second outlet, the perforation crack block extends along the transverse direction and is sleeved in the copper sleeve, the perforation crack block is provided with a perforation groove and a crack groove which are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction in a penetrating mode, the perforation groove and the crack groove are arranged in a gradually reducing mode from the first inlet to the first outlet, and the length of the perforation groove is smaller than that of the crack groove along the transverse direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reservoir transformation, in particular to an experimental device and method for evaluating plugging and deblocking effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack.
Background
In recent years, as the development of conventional oil and gas reservoirs generally enters the middle and later development stages, the yield decline trend of old oil fields is accelerated, and the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in China enters the golden period of rapid development. The hydraulic fracturing technology is used as an important measure for increasing the yield of oil and gas wells, such as hydraulic fracturing of a perforation completion horizontal well, and is widely applied to development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. However, in the hydraulic fracturing process, the oil drainage area controlled by the fracture formed by fracturing is limited, so how to increase the complexity of the fracture and greatly improve the reservoir transformation area becomes a research hotspot. In the measures for improving the fracturing effect, the temporary fracture blocking and steering technology is an effective reconstruction technology. The fracture temporary plugging steering technology is characterized in that a high-strength temporary plugging agent is put into a stratum once or for multiple times to form a filter cake to temporarily plug old fractures, the pressure in the fractures is increased, one or more new fractures are opened in a high stress area in the stratum, and therefore oil and gas resources outside an old fracture control area are used, and an effective reconstruction volume larger than that of conventional fracturing is obtained.
However, the key to the success or failure of the temporary fracture plugging diversion technology is whether a new fracture can be opened, the temporary plugging agent for plugging the fracture is a key material in the technology, and certain performance requirements are provided for the fracture plugging strength of the temporary plugging agent. After the fracture diversion fracturing operation is completed, the oily temporary plugging agent breaks gel when meeting oil, the water-based temporary plugging agent breaks gel when meeting water, the material gradually becomes flowable liquid, the purpose of protecting an oil-gas layer is achieved, and the plugging removal effect of the temporary plugging agent also has certain influence on oil-gas development. In the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing operation, a perforation mode is generally adopted for well completion, a series of perforation holes with the length of 20-50 cm are formed on a casing by using perforating bullets and are used for guiding fracture initiation and fracture expansion, the form of a perforation fracture section with the front end being a perforation hole and the rear section being a fracture is presented in a stratum, and the flowing dynamic state of the temporary plugging agent in the fracture is influenced due to the existence of the perforation holes, for example, the flowing interface at the junction of the perforation holes and the fracture is suddenly changed, so that the plugging and the plugging removal effects of the temporary plugging agent in the fracture are influenced.
In the prior art, the plugging and plugging removal evaluation experiment aiming at the temporary plugging agent in the perforation crack still has a great problem. The related documents disclose an evaluation device for the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation fracture, which can be used for simulating the temporary plugging process of the fracture diverting agent, but does not consider the evaluation of the plugging and plugging removal effects of the temporary plugging agent in the form of the perforation fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an experimental device and a method for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack, and aims to provide an evaluation device for the plugging and plugging removal effects of a temporary plugging agent in consideration of the shape of the perforation crack.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an experimental device for evaluating plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation fracture, comprising:
the heater is provided with a heating cavity, a first inlet and a first outlet which are positioned at two ends and respectively communicated with the heating cavity;
the copper sleeve extends along the transverse direction and is installed in the heating cavity, and a second inlet and a second outlet are formed in two ends of the copper sleeve;
the perforation crack block extends along the transverse direction and is sleeved in the copper sleeve, the perforation crack block is provided with a perforation groove and a crack groove which sequentially penetrate along the transverse direction, the perforation groove and the crack groove are gradually reduced from the first inlet to the first outlet, and the length of the perforation groove is less than that of the crack groove along the transverse direction;
the inlet plug and the outlet plug are respectively and hermetically arranged in the two ends of the copper sleeve and respectively blocked at the end parts of the perforation groove and the crack groove;
the pressurizing device is communicated with the heating cavity and is used for pressurizing the heating cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,
the plunger device sequentially penetrates through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation slot and is used for injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot; or the plugging agent sequentially penetrates through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack slot, and is used for injecting the plugging agent into the crack slot.
Preferably, the perforation slot is in a conical structure, the diameter of the large end of the perforation slot is H1, H1 is larger than or equal to 1.4cm and smaller than or equal to 1.6cm, the diameter of the small end of the perforation slot is H2, and H2 is larger than or equal to 0.9cm and smaller than or equal to 1.1 cm.
Preferably, the height of the crack groove is gradually reduced from the first inlet to the first outlet, the maximum height of the crack groove is H3, the minimum height of the crack groove is H4, H3 is larger than or equal to 4mm and smaller than or equal to 6mm, and H4 is larger than or equal to 0.9mm and smaller than or equal to 1.1 mm.
Preferably, the slit groove is a prismatic groove.
Preferably, the plunger device comprises:
the plunger pump sequentially penetrates through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation groove, or sequentially penetrates through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack groove; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the stirrer is arranged in the plunger pump and is used for stirring the temporary plugging agent or the blocking remover.
Preferably, the plunger pump sequentially penetrates through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation groove or sequentially penetrates through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack groove through a liquid inlet pipeline.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipeline is D, and D is more than or equal to 8 mm.
Preferably, the pressurising means comprises a hand pump in communication with the heating chamber.
Preferably, the heating device further comprises a temperature controller, wherein the temperature controller is electrically connected with the heater and is used for monitoring the temperature in the heating cavity and controlling the heater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an experimental method of an experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack, which comprises the following steps:
taking a perforation crack block, and carrying out sand blasting treatment on a perforation groove and a crack groove of the perforation crack block so as to simulate the roughness of an actual perforation hole and the wall surface of a crack;
installing the perforation fracture block within the copper casing;
sequentially penetrating a plunger device through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation slot;
pressurizing the heating cavity by using a pressurizing device and injecting clear water;
heating by the heater to enable the temperature in the heating cavity to reach a preset temperature so as to simulate the formation temperature;
injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot through a plunger device until the plugging agent forms a bridge plug in the perforation crack block, injecting pressure base liquid into the perforation slot and monitoring the breakthrough pressure of the plugging agent at the moment;
sequentially penetrating the plunger device through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack groove;
injecting a blocking remover into the crack groove through a plunger device, and testing the permeability of the temporary blocking crack so as to simulate a blocking remover blocking crack permeability recovery experiment.
According to the invention, the perforation groove and the crack groove are arranged in the perforation crack block, the perforation groove and the crack groove are arranged in a gradually-reduced manner from the first inlet to the first outlet, and the perforation hole is combined with the fracturing crack, so that the actual hole and crack forms can be fully considered, thus the flow of the temporary plugging agent in the perforation hole and the plugging of the temporary plugging agent in the crack can be more truly and effectively simulated, and the flow plugging process of the temporary plugging agent in the complex hole crack form can be more accurately and effectively analyzed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus for evaluating plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of the perforation fracture block of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 2.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an experimental device for evaluating the plugging and deblocking effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, the experimental device for evaluating the plugging and deblocking effects of the plugging agent in the perforation crack comprises a heater 1, a copper sleeve 2, a perforation crack block 23, an inlet plug 31 and an outlet plug 32, a pressurizing device 4 and a plunger device 5, the heater 1 has a heating cavity 11, and a first inlet 12 and a first outlet 13 which are respectively positioned at two ends and communicated with the heating cavity 11, the pressurizing device 4 and the plunger device 5, the copper sleeve 2 extends along a transverse direction and is installed in the heating cavity 11, the copper sleeve 2 has a second inlet 21 and a second outlet 22 at two ends, the perforation crack block 23 extends along the transverse direction and is sleeved in the copper sleeve 2 (in the embodiment, the outer side wall of the perforation crack block 23 is matched with the copper sleeve 2, preferably, the outer diameter of the perforation crack block 23 is equal to the inner diameter of the copper sleeve 2), the perforation crack block 23 is provided with a perforation groove 231 and a crack groove 232 which are sequentially arranged in a transverse direction in a penetrating way, the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232 are arranged in a gradually reducing way from the first inlet 12 to the first outlet 13, and in the transverse direction, the length of the perforation groove 231 is less than that of the crack groove 232 (by forming the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232 in the transverse direction, the length of the perforation groove 231 is less than that of the crack groove 232 to guide crack initiation and crack propagation, when hydraulic fracturing operation is carried out, a long crack can be generated from the perforation hole, the crack propagation presents a crack form that the front end crack width is larger than the rear end crack width, so as to simulate the crack section form that the front end is the perforation hole and the rear end is the crack in the stratum, so that the flowing dynamic of the temporary plugging agent in the crack can be influenced by the existence of the perforation hole, for example, the flowing interface is suddenly changed at the junction of the perforation hole and the crack, thereby more effectively simulating the plugging and the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent in the crack), the inlet plug 31 and the outlet plug 32 are respectively and hermetically arranged in two ends of the copper sleeve 2 (in this embodiment, the inlet plug 31 and the outlet plug 32 are sealed with the copper sleeve 2 by a sealing ring 91 and fixed by an inlet flange 92), and are respectively blocked at the ends of the perforation slot 231 and the slit slot 232, the pressurizing device 4 is communicated with the heating cavity 11 and is used for pressurizing the heating cavity 11, and the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 and is communicated with the perforation slot 231 and is used for injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot 231; or the plugging agent sequentially passes through the first outlet 13, the second outlet 22 and the outlet plug 32 to be communicated with the crack groove 232, and the plugging agent is used for injecting the plugging agent into the crack groove 232.
When the plugging effect of the plugging agent in the perforation crack is evaluated, the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 to be communicated with the perforation groove 231, the temporary plugging agent is injected into the perforation groove 231 through the plunger device 5, the temporary plugging agent is slowly adhered to the wall surface of the crack and gradually forms bridge plugging, and after the plugging is formed in the crack, the breakthrough pressure of the temporary plugging agent is monitored to evaluate the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent; when the blocking removal effect of the blocking remover in the perforation crack is evaluated, the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first outlet 13, the second outlet 22 and the outlet plug 32 to be communicated with the crack groove 232, the temporary blocking remover is injected into the crack groove 232 through the plunger device 5, after the temporary blocking remover is placed for a period of time, the change of the permeability of the temporary blocking crack along with the time is tested, so that the blocking removal effect of the blocking remover is evaluated through a blocking removal crack permeability recovery experiment of the blocking remover.
In the prior art, the plugging and plugging removal evaluation experiment aiming at the temporary plugging agent in the perforation crack still has a great problem. The related documents disclose an evaluation device for the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation fracture, which can be used for simulating the temporary plugging process of the fracture diverting agent, but does not consider the evaluation of the plugging and plugging removal effects of the temporary plugging agent in the form of the perforation fracture.
According to the invention, the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232 are arranged in the perforation crack block 23, the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232 are arranged in a gradually-reduced manner from the first inlet 12 to the first outlet 13, and the perforation holes and the fracture cracks are combined, so that the actual hole and fracture morphology can be fully considered, and thus, the flowing of the temporary plugging agent in the perforation holes and the plugging of the temporary plugging agent in the fractures can be more truly and effectively simulated, and the flowing plugging process of the temporary plugging agent in the complex hole fracture morphology can be more accurately and effectively analyzed.
The too narrow perforation slot 231 can cause the temporary plugging agent to be too easy to form plugging in the cracks, and the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent under the form of the perforation cracks cannot be really and effectively considered; however, the temporary plugging agent cannot form a plug in the crack due to the excessively wide perforation slot 231, and the temporary plugging agent cannot form a bridge plug gradually by adhering to the wall surface of the crack, so that the experimental effect cannot be achieved, therefore, in the embodiment, the perforation slot 231 has a tapered structure, the diameter of the large end of the perforation slot 231 is H1, H1 is greater than or equal to 1.6cm, the diameter of the small end of the perforation slot 231 is H2, H2 is greater than or equal to 0.9cm and less than or equal to 1.1cm, and the effect is better.
Furthermore, the height of the crack groove 232 is gradually reduced from the first inlet 12 to the first outlet 13, the maximum height of the crack groove 232 is H3 (i.e., the height of the crack groove 232 near the first inlet 12), the minimum height is H4 (i.e., the height of the crack groove 232 near the first outlet 13), the front end of the crack is blocked when H3 is too small, the longitudinal distance of the crack is too long, and the effective blocking is not easily formed when H4 is too large, so that the effective crack rotation cannot be implemented, therefore, in this embodiment, H3 is not less than 4mm and not more than 6mm, and H4 is not less than 0.9mm and not more than 1.1 mm. In this embodiment, the slit groove 232 is a prismatic groove (preferably, the slit groove 232 is a quadrangular groove).
The plunger device 5 is used for injecting temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot 231 or injecting deblocking agent into the fracture slot 232, in this embodiment, the plunger device 5 includes a plunger pump 51 and an agitator 52, the plunger pump 51 is communicated with the perforation slot 231 through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 in sequence, or is communicated with the fracture slot 232 through the first outlet 13, the second outlet 22 and the outlet plug 32 in sequence; the stirrer 52 is installed in the plunger pump 51, and is used for stirring the temporary plugging agent or the deblocking agent, so that the temporary plugging agent or the deblocking agent is fully mixed with the base fluid (the stirrer 52 may be a propeller type, or may have other structures, and is not limited specifically here). Specifically, the plunger pump 51 sequentially passes through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 to be communicated with the perforation groove 231 or sequentially passes through the first outlet 13, the second outlet 22 and the outlet plug 32 to be communicated with the slit groove 232 through the liquid inlet pipeline 6. In order to prevent the temporary plugging agent from being blocked in the liquid inlet pipeline 6, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipeline 6 is D, and D is more than or equal to 8 mm. In the present embodiment, the plunger pump 51 is a large displacement plunger pump 51, and a high injection speed can be simulated. In order to facilitate the injection of pressure base fluid into the liquid inlet to facilitate the monitoring of the breakthrough pressure of the temporary plugging agent after the temporary plugging agent forms a plug in the crack, a liquid inlet pressure gauge 72 is installed on the pipeline of the liquid inlet pipeline 6.
Pressurization device 4 is used for simulating formation pressure, in this embodiment, pressurization device 4 includes the hand pump, the hand pump with heating chamber 11 intercommunication provides the confined pressure, simulates the formation closed pressure that the crack receives. In this embodiment, the range of loading of the hand pump is 20MPa to 40 MPa. The hand pump with still be equipped with between the heater 1 and enclose pressure manometer 73, enclose pressure manometer 73 one end and be connected with heating chamber 11, the other end is connected with the hand pump.
In order to facilitate the control of the temperature in the heating cavity 11, the experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation cracks further comprises a temperature controller 71, wherein the temperature controller 71 is electrically connected with the heater 1 and is used for monitoring the temperature in the heating cavity 11 and controlling the heater 1. In this embodiment, the heater 1 is heated by using an electric aluminum alloy, and the maximum heating temperature is 300 ℃.
Preferably, when the plugging effect of the plugging agent in the perforation crack is evaluated, the plunger device 5 sequentially passes through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 to be communicated with the perforation groove 231, the experimental device for evaluating the plugging and unplugging effect of the plugging agent in the perforation crack further comprises a liquid outlet measuring cylinder 8, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the crack groove 232 through a liquid outlet pipeline and is used for receiving liquid sequentially flowing out of the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an experimental method using the experimental apparatus for evaluating the plugging and plugging releasing effects of the plugging agent in the perforation fracture, wherein the experimental method comprises the following steps:
step S210: taking a perforation crack block 23, and carrying out sand blasting treatment on a perforation groove 231 and a crack groove 232 of the perforation crack block 23 so as to simulate actual perforation and crack wall roughness;
during specific implementation, an iron core is cut to obtain a perforation crack block 23, and then the perforation groove 231 and the crack groove 232 of the perforation crack block 23 are subjected to sand blasting treatment to simulate actual perforation and crack wall roughness according to the sand blasting treatment degree. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the perforation crack block 23 is 2.5cm, the total length of the perforation crack block 23 in the transverse direction is 50cm, the length of the perforation slot 231 in the transverse direction is 20cm, the perforation slot 231 is in a conical structure, the diameter of the large end (the end close to the first inlet 12) of the perforation slot 231 is 1.5cm, the diameter of the small end (the end close to the first outlet 13) of the perforation slot 231 is 1cm, the maximum height of the crack slot 232 is 5cm, and the minimum height of the crack slot 232 is 1 mm.
Step S220: installing the perforation crack block 23 in the copper sheath 2;
in concrete implementation, the processed perforation crack block 23 is arranged in the copper sleeve 2, and the crack groove 232 surface is parallel to the horizontal plane.
Step S230: the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first inlet 12, the second inlet 21 and the inlet plug 31 to be communicated with the perforation groove 231;
in concrete implementation, the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first inlet 12 and the second inlet 21, is connected with the inlet plug 31 and the sealing ring 91, is fixedly communicated with the perforation groove 231 by adopting the inlet flange 92, and is checked for tightness.
Step S240: pressurizing the heating cavity 11 by using the pressurizing device 4 and injecting clean water;
during specific implementation, the pressurizing device 4 is used for pressurizing the heating cavity 11 and injecting clear water, set confining pressure is provided for a crack system consisting of the copper sleeve 2 and the perforation crack block 23 according to experimental requirements, and whether the confining pressure is stable or not is checked.
Step S250: heating by the heater 1 to enable the temperature in the heating cavity 11 to reach a preset temperature so as to simulate the formation temperature;
during specific implementation, the temperature controller 71 is adjusted, preset temperature is set according to experimental requirements to heat the heating cavity 11 to reach the preset temperature, so as to heat the perforation crack block 23 to simulate formation temperature, and after the preset temperature is reached, heat is preserved to ensure that the perforation crack block 23 is uniformly heated. The temperature in the heating cavity 11 is adjusted to simulate the influence of the temperature on the temporary plugging agent plugging under different reservoir temperatures.
Step S260: injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot 231 through the plunger device 5 until the plugging agent forms a bridge plug in the perforation crack block 23, injecting pressure base fluid into the perforation slot 231 and monitoring the breakthrough pressure of the plugging agent at the moment;
in the concrete implementation, temporary plugging agent particles and a fracturing fluid base fluid (in this embodiment, the temporary plugging agent particles are 20-40 meshes, the concentration of the temporary plugging agent after the temporary plugging agent particles are mixed with the fracturing fluid base fluid is 1% -5%, preferably, the concentration of the temporary plugging agent is 1%), and the temporary plugging agent particles are uniformly distributed in the fracturing fluid base fluid (in this embodiment, the temporary plugging agent particles are uniformly distributed in the fracturing fluid base fluid through stirring of a stirrer 52), the temporary plugging agent is injected into the opposite injection hole groove 231 through the plunger device 5 (in this embodiment, a large-displacement plunger pump 51), the temporary plugging agent is slowly adhered to the wall surface of the crack and gradually forms bridge plugging, and after the temporary plugging agent forms plugging in the crack, the breakthrough pressure of the temporary plugging agent is monitored (in this embodiment, the breakthrough pressure is monitored through a liquid inlet pressure gauge 72). By comparing the breakthrough pressures of different concentrations and particle sizes of the temporary plugging agent, the relationship between the breakthrough pressure and the concentrations and particle sizes of the temporary plugging agent is simulated.
Step S270: the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first outlet 13, the second outlet 22 and the outlet plug 32 to be communicated with the crack groove 232;
in concrete implementation, the plunger device 5 sequentially penetrates through the first outlet 13 and the second outlet 22, is connected with the outlet plug 32 and the sealing ring 91, is fixedly communicated with the crack groove 232 by adopting the inlet flange 92, and is checked for tightness.
Step S280: the plugging removal agent is injected into the crack groove 232 through the plunger device 5, and the permeability of the temporary plugging crack is tested, so that the plugging removal crack permeability recovery experiment of the plugging removal agent is simulated.
During specific implementation, after effective plugging is formed in the crack, the plugging removing agent is reversely injected into the crack groove 232 through the first outlet 13 and the second outlet 22, the crack is placed for a period of time, and the permeability of the temporary plugging crack is tested, so that a plugging removing crack permeability recovery experiment with the plugging removing agent is simulated. A crack permeability recovery experiment is carried out through the steps, and the influence of different types of the blocking remover on the blocking removing effect of the temporary blocking remover is simulated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of a plugging agent in a perforation crack is characterized by comprising the following components:
the heater is provided with a heating cavity, a first inlet and a first outlet which are positioned at two ends and respectively communicated with the heating cavity;
the copper sleeve extends along the transverse direction and is installed in the heating cavity, and a second inlet and a second outlet are formed in two ends of the copper sleeve;
the perforation crack block extends along the transverse direction and is sleeved in the copper sleeve, the perforation crack block is provided with a perforation groove and a crack groove which sequentially penetrate along the transverse direction, the perforation groove and the crack groove are gradually reduced from the first inlet to the first outlet, and the length of the perforation groove is less than that of the crack groove along the transverse direction;
the inlet plug and the outlet plug are respectively and hermetically arranged in the two ends of the copper sleeve and respectively blocked at the end parts of the perforation groove and the crack groove;
the pressurizing device is communicated with the heating cavity and is used for pressurizing the heating cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,
the plunger device sequentially penetrates through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation slot and is used for injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot; or the plugging agent sequentially penetrates through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack slot and is used for injecting a blocking remover into the crack slot;
the perforation groove is of a conical structure, the diameter of the large end of the perforation groove is H1, H1 is more than or equal to 1.4cm and less than or equal to 1.6cm, the diameter of the small end of the perforation groove is H2, and H2 is more than or equal to 0.9cm and less than or equal to 1.1 cm;
the height of the crack groove is gradually reduced from the first inlet to the first outlet, the maximum height of the crack groove is H3, the minimum height of the crack groove is H4, H3 is not less than 4mm and not more than 6mm, and H4 is not less than 0.9mm and not more than 1.1 mm.
2. The experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation fracture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fracture grooves are prismatic grooves.
3. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the plugging and plugging releasing effect of plugging agent in perforation crack according to claim 1, wherein said plunger device comprises:
the plunger pump sequentially penetrates through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation groove, or sequentially penetrates through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack groove; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the stirrer is arranged in the plunger pump and is used for stirring the temporary plugging agent or the blocking remover.
4. The experimental device for evaluating the plugging and unplugging effects of the plugging agent in the perforation crack as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plunger pump is communicated with the perforation slot through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug in sequence or communicated with the crack slot through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug in sequence through a liquid inlet pipeline.
5. The experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation crack as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipeline is D, and D is more than or equal to 8 mm.
6. The experimental device for evaluating the plugging and unplugging effects of plugging agents in perforation fractures according to claim 1, wherein the pressurizing device comprises a hand pump, and the hand pump is communicated with the heating cavity.
7. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the plugging and unplugging effects of plugging agents in a perforation fracture as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a temperature controller electrically connected to the heater for monitoring the temperature in the heating chamber and controlling the heater.
8. An experimental method using the experimental device for evaluating the plugging and plugging removal effects of the plugging agent in the perforation fracture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking a perforation crack block, and carrying out sand blasting treatment on a perforation groove and a crack groove of the perforation crack block so as to simulate the roughness of an actual perforation hole and the wall surface of a crack;
installing the perforation fracture block within the copper casing;
sequentially penetrating a plunger device through the first inlet, the second inlet and the inlet plug to be communicated with the perforation slot;
pressurizing the heating cavity by using a pressurizing device and injecting clear water;
heating by the heater to enable the temperature in the heating cavity to reach a preset temperature so as to simulate the formation temperature;
injecting a temporary plugging agent into the perforation slot through a plunger device until the plugging agent forms a bridge plug in the perforation crack block, injecting pressure base liquid into the perforation slot and monitoring the breakthrough pressure of the plugging agent at the moment;
sequentially penetrating the plunger device through the first outlet, the second outlet and the outlet plug to be communicated with the crack groove;
injecting a blocking remover into the crack groove through a plunger device, and testing the permeability of the temporary blocking crack so as to simulate a blocking remover blocking crack permeability recovery experiment.
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| CN201910143877.9A CN109709021B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging and deblocking effects of plugging agent in perforation crack |
| CN202011037179.XA CN112229777B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging effect of temporary plugging ball of perforation blasthole and temporary plugging agent in fracturing crack |
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| CN110761733B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-03-18 | 长江大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating plugging effect of crack control high-pressure crack manual temporary plugging agent |
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| CN109709021A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN112229777A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
| CN112229777B (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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