CN109708545A - A kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method - Google Patents
A kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109708545A CN109708545A CN201910152313.1A CN201910152313A CN109708545A CN 109708545 A CN109708545 A CN 109708545A CN 201910152313 A CN201910152313 A CN 201910152313A CN 109708545 A CN109708545 A CN 109708545A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method, crustal stress is discharged by excavating intersecting parallels stress relief grooves, practical explosion direction of propulsion is adjusted according to main minor stress action direction, excavates influence of the high-ground stress to dam foundation excavation quality in further weakening blast excavation in combination with thin layer.Compared to traditional high stress dam foundation excavation technology, the present invention eliminates or weakens already present high stress using stress relief grooves before dam foundation excavation, the influence of high stress clamping action is reduced, and analyzes the influence of principal stress size and direction to difficulty is excavated, optimizes explosion direction of propulsion；It is excavated by thin layer, the influence that the release of crustal stress transient state retains the dam foundation rock-mass quality is further decreased, while thin layer excavation also limits blasting scale, reduces the explosive charge of once detonation, Rock Damage degree is advantageously reduced, guarantees dam foundation excavation quality under condition of high ground stress.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method, it is special
It Shi Yongyu not be excavated in the area condition of high ground stress Xia Bao.
Background technique
Blasting excavation is as a kind of economic, efficient rock excavation means, in all kinds of builds to foundation engineering and mine
It produces and is applied widely in resource exploitation.For the extensive engineering demand that hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering borehole blasting is excavated, complicated geological
Condition proposes specific technical requirements to blasting digging method.
Currently, the problem of Southwestern China area hydraulic engineering construction often is faced with high-ground stress, conventional blast excavates skill
The implementation of art is directly carried out under condition of high ground stress, and the measures such as reserved protective layer, consolidation grouting are mostly used.It is protected by reserved
Sheath protects lower part dam foundation foundation plane, with consolidation grouting reinforcing come avoid dam foundation excavation as high-ground stress and caused by off-load
Relaxation and backfill deformation, even " onion skin ", " plate is split " and local Rock-burst.But traditional excavation technology construction technology process is numerous
Trivial, progress is slow, and to be drilled with blasthole difficulty big at scene, time-consuming and laborious, fails with high efficiency favorably to be combined high quality.
The present invention is to excavate intersecting parallels stress relief grooves as technical way, in conjunction with the optimization of explosion direction of propulsion and thin layer
It excavates, control Rock Damage and raising construction efficiency is efficiently combined, can realize the fast of dam foundation high quality in the quick-fried area of high stress
Speed excavates molding.
Summary of the invention
The inevitable property that the purpose of the present invention is be directed in traditional high stress dam foundation excavation method to high-ground stress, provides
A kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method weakens its influence, further controls Rock Damage, drop by releasing high-ground stress
Low site operation difficulty improves construction efficiency.
The present invention to solve problems of the prior art the technical solution adopted is as follows:
A kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method, includes the following steps:
Step 1, it is based on geologic prospect data, determines and excavates the basic distribution situation of high stress in region；
Step 2, determining main minor stress projecting direction in region is being excavated, is drafting long side and is parallel to big principal stress projection
Direction, short side are parallel to the quick-fried area of single of minor principal stress projecting direction, select explosion direction of propulsion；
Step 3, the cross-well parallel with main minor stress projecting direction is excavated according to explosion direction of propulsion in quick-fried area
Font stress relief grooves discharge quick-fried area's high-ground stress；
Step 4, it is excavated according to thin layer, determines single Blasting Excavation depth, preferably reasonable blasting parameter.
Step 5, kerf blasting is carried out first, then along preferred blasting direction iterative method in such a way that horizon light is quick-fried, finally
Entire quick-fried area is completed integrally to excavate.
The long side that the quick-fried area of single is drafted in the step 2 is parallel to big principal stress projecting direction, and short side is parallel to small master and answers
Power projecting direction is preferably parallel to minor principal stress projecting direction as explosion direction of propulsion, to weaken high-ground stress pair in quick-fried area
The clamping action that the quick-fried area of single is excavated, and maximize its attenuation effect.
Stress relief grooves in the step 3 are the kerve formed by excavating thin portion rock mass, to provide answering for free face
Power release method.
Intersecting parallels stress relief grooves are mostly rectangular using quadrangle as basic configuration in the step 3, and release groove direction is parallel
In main minor stress projecting direction in region, practical size of slotting, having a size of reference, combines reality with the quick-fried area of subsequent single
Stress release degree and set.
Thin layer excavates to weaken high-ground stress effect by reducing single explosion step height, simultaneously in the step 4
Blasting scale is limited, in the case where guaranteeing that unit consumption is certain, the explosive charge of once detonation is reduced, can be effectively reduced Rock Damage
Degree.
The present invention has the advantage that
1, each quick-fried area's sequence of excavation is preferential to be parallel to minor principal stress projecting direction, promotes to both ends, finally expands to
Entire quick-fried area, can effectively weaken heavily stressed clamping action, while maximize its attenuation effect, guarantee Blasting Excavation
Molding effect.
2, the implementation of conventional blast excavation technology is directly carried out under condition of high ground stress, is drilled with the increase of blasthole difficulty,
It is time-consuming and laborious.To excavate intersecting parallels stress relief grooves as means in the present invention, release areas crustal stress weakens high-ground stress to brill
The influence of hole construction, improves construction efficiency.
3, it is based on main minor stress projecting direction, it is parallel to excavate intersecting parallels stress relief grooves, can have in Blasting Excavation
The Rock Damage that effect reduction high-ground stress transient unloading causes destroys, and further control retains rock excavation quality.
4, the influence of high-ground stress increases with the increase of step height, and the thin layer excavation that present invention collocation uses can
The influence of crustal stress in single Blasting Excavation is reduced, the explosive charge of single detonation is reduced, can be effectively reduced Rock Damage degree,
Single difficulty of construction is reduced simultaneously, improves construction efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that stress relief grooves space layout and quick-fried area promote schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that high stress dam foundation thin layer excavates diagrammatic cross-section；
Wherein: 1- rock foundation, 2- draft quick-fried area, 3- stress relief grooves, and 4- thin layer excavates, 5- explosion direction of propulsion, 6-
It drafts quick-fried except step, σ1For maximum principal stress, σ3For minimum principal stress, B0To originate quick-fried area, B1、B2Quick-fried area is promoted for cis-position.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described, such as Fig. 1-
Shown in 2, induced joint dam foundation excavation under certain large ground pressure is analyzed according to geology exploration data, high-ground stress locating for quick-fried area
Situation: big principal stress σ1For 25MPa, floor projection direction is NW, minor principal stress σ3For 13MPa, floor projection direction is NE.This
It is 25m × 20m that separate explosion, which excavates region, intends excavation height 10m.Firstly, being parallel to the direction of NW and NE in quick-fried area center, open
Digging forms intersecting parallels stress relief grooves, and stress relief grooves interval is taken as 5m；After excavating stress relief grooves, through detecting earth stress, answer
Power release groove periphery rock mass stress is greatly reduced, and it is approximately zero that trough rim rock mass crustal stress, which substantially eliminates,；It is excavated according to thin layer
Scheme, drafting single step excavation height is 2m, drafts the quick-fried area B in center0Region is removed to be quick-fried first, 5m × 2m × 2m selectes week
The quick-fried area B of side cis-position1、B2, and so on；In quick-fried area B0Inside it is drilled with vertical holes, preferably blasting parameter, powder charge networking, detonation.Quick-fried area
B0After excavating, gradually to quick-fried area B aroundi(i=1,2,3,4 ...) extension is excavated.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, it is clear that those skilled in the art can be to this hair
It is bright to carry out various changes and deformation without departing from scope and spirit of the present invention.If these changes and deformation belong to power of the present invention
In the range of benefit requirement and its equivalent technologies, then including the intent of the present invention also includes these changes and deforms.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, it is based on geologic prospect data, determines and excavates the basic distribution situation of high stress in region；
Step 2, determining main minor stress projecting direction in region is being excavated, is drafting long side and is parallel to big principal stress projecting direction,
Short side is parallel to the quick-fried area of single of minor principal stress projecting direction, selectes explosion direction of propulsion；
Step 3, it in quick-fried area according to explosion direction of propulsion, excavates and parallel with main minor stress projecting direction intersects intersecting parallels
Stress relief grooves discharge quick-fried area's high-ground stress；
Step 4, it is excavated according to thin layer, determines single Blasting Excavation depth, preferably reasonable blasting parameter；
Step 5, kerf blasting is carried out first, then is finally completed in such a way that horizon light is quick-fried along preferred blasting direction iterative method
Entire quick-fried area is integrally excavated.
2. a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: drafted in the step 2
The long side in the quick-fried area of single is parallel to big principal stress projecting direction, and short side is parallel to minor principal stress projecting direction, is preferably parallel to small
Principal stress projecting direction is as explosion direction of propulsion, to weaken the clamping action that high-ground stress excavates the quick-fried area of single in quick-fried area.
3. a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: answering in the step 3
Power release groove is the kerve formed by excavating thin portion rock mass.
4. a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: well word in the step 3
Type stress relief grooves are mostly rectangular using quadrangle as basic configuration, and release groove is oriented parallel to main minor stress in region and projects
Direction, practical size of slotting, having a size of reference, are combined actual stress releasing degree and are set with the quick-fried area of subsequent single.
5. a kind of high stress dam foundation blasting digging method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: thin layer in the step 4
It excavates to weaken high-ground stress effect by reducing single explosion step height, while limiting blasting scale, guaranteeing unit consumption
In the case where certain, the explosive of once detonation is reduced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910152313.1A CN109708545B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | High-stress dam foundation blasting excavation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910152313.1A CN109708545B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | High-stress dam foundation blasting excavation method |
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| CN109708545A true CN109708545A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109708545B CN109708545B (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5295803A (en) * | 1976-02-09 | 1977-08-11 | Jet Research Center | Method of and device for releasing loaded substance |
| CN1072772A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-06-02 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Blasting method for rhombo-hedron |
| JP2001021300A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-26 | Okumura Corp | Method for low-vibration breaking by blasting |
| CN102691299A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-26 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | High-geostress dam foundation excavation construction technology |
| CN102937399A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-20 | 武汉大学 | Stress relief blasting method based on ground stress transient release |
| CN104390538A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-03-04 | 武汉大学 | Stress relief blasting method based on tunnel face notching |
| CN104482817A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Deep-buried tunnel stress relieving pre-splitting blasting method |
| CN108999613A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-14 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | A kind of high-ground stress region underground chamber middle and lower part excavation method |
-
2019
- 2019-02-28 CN CN201910152313.1A patent/CN109708545B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5295803A (en) * | 1976-02-09 | 1977-08-11 | Jet Research Center | Method of and device for releasing loaded substance |
| CN1072772A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-06-02 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Blasting method for rhombo-hedron |
| JP2001021300A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-26 | Okumura Corp | Method for low-vibration breaking by blasting |
| CN102691299A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-26 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | High-geostress dam foundation excavation construction technology |
| CN102937399A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-20 | 武汉大学 | Stress relief blasting method based on ground stress transient release |
| CN104390538A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-03-04 | 武汉大学 | Stress relief blasting method based on tunnel face notching |
| CN104482817A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Deep-buried tunnel stress relieving pre-splitting blasting method |
| CN108999613A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-14 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | A kind of high-ground stress region underground chamber middle and lower part excavation method |
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| CN109708545B (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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