CN109707426A - It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation - Google Patents
It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109707426A CN109707426A CN201910144672.2A CN201910144672A CN109707426A CN 109707426 A CN109707426 A CN 109707426A CN 201910144672 A CN201910144672 A CN 201910144672A CN 109707426 A CN109707426 A CN 109707426A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor pole
- spring
- monitoring
- pressure gauge
- stop collar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation, protective device includes: sheath, spring and pressure gauge, external screw thread is provided on the free segment of the anchor pole, the stop collar in sheath is provided on the free segment of the anchor pole, the spring is set on the free segment of anchor pole and between fixed ring and stop collar, the pressure gauge is arranged in the medial surface of stop collar and carries out pressure monitoring to spring, sheath inner hole front end is provided with one section of internal screw thread, the protective ring with limit central spacer is provided on the internal screw thread, when free section length changes, pass through the reading difference of pressure gauge, it can be derived that the changing value of spring pressure.By the above-mentioned means, of the present invention, for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation, maintenance convenience, the cost used is low, simple and reliable, for the stress monitoring of anchor poles all in tunnel, promotes Roadway Safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to anchor stress monitoring technical fields, more particularly to one kind for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation
Protective device and method.
Background technique
Anchorage technology based on anchor pole has obtained in the engineerings such as side slope, foundation pit, mine, tunnel and underground engineering extensively
General application.Using the anchorage technology of anchor pole, the mechanical characteristic of country rock can be changed, preferable supporting effect is obtained, bring
Traditional support pattern incomparable technology and economic benefit, meanwhile, the anchorage technology of anchor pole also receives in well lane engineering
Universal attention, and obtained quick development and be widely applied.
Different from side slope anchor pole, during mining mineral resource, Deep Roadway is in high-ground stress environment, and crustal stress is released
After putting, tunnel surrounding rock body can generate moderate finite deformation, and roadway bolt will receive the metamorphosis of rock mass generation after crustal stress release.
If surrouding rock deformation is excessive, higher tensile stress is generated inside anchor pole, this stress once exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity of anchor pole,
Anchor pole destroys, and unstable phenomenon will occur for the country rock constrained.Therefore, the stress variation of real-time monitoring anchor pole is steady to country rock
Fixed, tunnel safety has very important significance.
Since the anchoring of anchor pole has the concealment of height, in the inside of rock mass, this brings bolt action to test job
Very big difficulty, discovery quality problems are difficult, and accident treatment is more difficult.There are two types of forms for currently used monitoring means:
1, directly anchor pole bearing capacity is monitored: bolt stress meter is set at anchor rod anchored end, pressure gauge is applied simultaneously with anchor pole
Work is placed on inside rock mass, understands the stress of anchor pole by real-time monitoring to pressure gauge, and this method no doubt may be implemented pair
The direct monitoring of rockbolt stress, but the working environment of pressure gauge is more severe, often in moist, the biggish ring of the temperature difference
Border, these factors not only affect the accuracy of dynamometer, while also impacting to the durability of dynamometer, it is difficult to continue steady
Fixed work can not be replaced, be repaired once pressure gauge failure is permanent damages；
2, it monitors the stress of termination point of anchor rod: by welding relevant device, realizing the load-bearing monitor to free section, this method
Due to individually to increase relevant device, constructs cumbersome, involve great expense, and space is limited in mine working, increased equipment subtracts
The use space for having lacked tunnel needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation
And method, carry out the real-time monitoring of roadway bolt stress variation, lifting construction, maintenance convenience and security protection effect.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: it provides a kind of for monitoring alley way anchor
The protective device of stress in the bar variation, comprising: sheath, spring and pressure gauge are provided with external screw thread on the free segment of the anchor pole, institute
It states sheath insertion tunnel inner wall and is concentrically located on the outside of the free segment of anchor pole, bore end is provided in the sheath matches with free segment
The fixed ring of conjunction, is provided with the stop collar in sheath on the free segment of the anchor pole, the spring be set in anchor pole from
By in section and between fixed ring and stop collar, the pressure gauge is arranged in the medial surface of stop collar and carries out pressure to spring
Monitoring, sheath inner hole front end are provided with one section of internal screw thread, and the protective ring with limit central spacer is provided on the internal screw thread.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, screw thread corresponding with external screw thread is provided in the fixed ring and stop collar
Hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided between spring and pressure gauge on the free segment of the anchor pole
Gasket.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective ring diameter of bore is greater than the free segment outside diameter of anchor pole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, threading hole corresponding with pressure gauge is provided on the stop collar.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the branch positioned at tunnel inner wall outside is provided on the free segment of the anchor pole
Fagging and fastening nut.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: providing a kind of for monitoring tunnel
The method of anchor stress variation, comprising the following steps:
(1) the anchoring section construction of anchor pole is carried out, grouting is fixed on tunnel inner wall depths；
(2) after anchoring section construction, by sheath rotary sleeve on the free segment of anchor pole, spring is put into inside sheath, and make
Anchor pole runs through spring；
(3) spring end installs gasket, installs pressure gauge on the outside of gasket, then rotates installation stop collar again, realize pressure gauge
Limit and the precommpression of spring；
(4) in tunnel, inner wall outside is positioned at the support plate of anchor pole end, and is screwed using fastening nut, so that anchor pole
Reach design bearing capacity, the compressive deformation that spring generates makes pressure gauge generate reading, and pressure gauge is passed through the external calculating of route
Machine is read out pressure count evidence；
(5) if the rock mass of tunnel inner wall expands deformation, stretching action is generated to anchor pole, the tensile stress of anchor pole increases,
Free section generates elongation, and then spring extends, and the pressure that spring generates becomes smaller, and pressure gauge reading becomes smaller, after elongation
Pressure gauge when installing with initial anchor pole reads difference, can be derived that the changing value of spring pressure, according to Hooke's law, asks
The strain of spring out, this strain are the strain of free segment anchor pole, further according to the stress of anchor pole, the relationship of strain, can be found out
The stress increment of anchor pole, conversely, using above-mentioned principle, can equally acquire the stress variation of anchor pole if rock mass is shunk, realize anchor
The dynamic monitoring of stress in the bar.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spring is helical spring.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the route of the pressure gauge is exported by the threading hole on stop collar.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), after stop collar installation, protective ring is installed in sheath, prevents
Retaining ring and stop collar keep certain gap, and when free section is extended to a certain extent, protective ring is contacted with stop collar, utilize
Protective ring carries out the elongation limitation of stop collar in order to avoid breaking.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention point out it is a kind of for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation
And method, it constructs easier, it is compact-sized, it is not take up lane space, sheath is strengthened to pressure gauge and free section
Protection, avoids the problem of pressure gauge is damaged by environmental factor, extends the service life of device, and safeguards and replace
Relatively convenient, the cost used is low, simple and reliable, and the stress monitoring of all anchor poles in tunnel can be used for coupled computer, is kept away
Exempt from serious accident, promotes Roadway Safety.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is a kind of for monitoring the structural representation of one preferred embodiment of protective device of roadway bolt stress variation
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's all other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes:
The protective device for being used to monitor roadway bolt stress variation as shown in Figure 1, comprising: sheath 2, spring 3 and pressure gauge 4,
It is provided with external screw thread 5 on the free segment of the anchor pole 1, is provided with outside the inner wall of tunnel on the free segment end of the anchor pole 1
The support plate 10 and fastening nut 11 of side are supported the fixation of plate 10 and the stretching of anchor pole 1 using fastening nut 11.
The sheath 2 is embedded in tunnel inner wall and is concentrically located on the outside of the free segment of anchor pole 1, strengthens to 1 free segment of anchor pole
Protection, bore end is provided with the fixed ring 6 with free segment cooperation in the sheath 2, is provided with and outer spiral shell in the fixed ring 6
The corresponding threaded hole of line facilitates the rotation of sheath 2 to install.
As shown in Figure 1, the stop collar 8 in sheath 2 is provided on the free segment of the anchor pole 1, in the stop collar 8
It is provided with threaded hole corresponding with external screw thread, rotation installation is more convenient.The spring 3 is set on the free segment of anchor pole 1 simultaneously
Between fixed ring 6 and stop collar 8, the pressure gauge 4 is arranged in the medial surface of stop collar 8 and carries out pressure prison to spring
It surveys, the gasket 7 being provided between spring 3 and pressure gauge 4 on the free segment of the anchor pole 1, gasket 7 makes pressure gauge 4
Stress more evenly, promotes 3 pressure monitoring data precision of spring.
Pressure gauge 4 is located in sheath 2, and sheath 2 reduces adverse effect of the environment to pressure gauge 4, before 2 inner hole of sheath
End is provided with one section of internal screw thread, is threadedly coupled the protective ring 9 for being provided with and being spaced with stop collar 8 on the internal screw thread.The protection
9 diameter of bore of ring is greater than the free segment outside diameter of anchor pole 1, and in a certain range, protective ring 9 does not influence the free segment length of anchor pole 1
Degree variation, still, when the free segment elongation of anchor pole 1 is excessive, protective ring 9 contacts with stop collar 8 and avoids 1 free segment of anchor pole
Continue the problem of extending and being broken.
Threading hole corresponding with pressure gauge 4 is provided on the stop collar 8, the route of pressure gauge 4 passes through on stop collar 8
Threading hole export, does not destroy the structure of sheath 2, convenient construction.
A method of for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation, comprising the following steps:
(1) the anchoring section construction for carrying out anchor pole 1, using cementing operations, is fixed on tunnel inner wall depths for the anchoring section of anchor pole 1；
(2) after anchoring section construction, 2 rotary sleeve of sheath is put into spring on the free segment of anchor pole 1 inside sheath 2, and make
It obtains anchor pole 1 and runs through spring 3, spring 3 uses helical spring, utilizes the guiding of the progress spring 3 of anchor pole 1；
(3) gasket 7 is installed in 3 end of spring, installs pressure gauge 4 on the outside of gasket 7, then rotates installation stop collar 8 again, realizes pressure
The limit of meter 4 and the precommpression of spring 3 after stop collar installation, install protective ring 9 in sheath, and protective ring and stop collar are kept
Certain gap, when the free segment of anchor pole 1 is extended to a certain extent, protective ring 9 is contacted with stop collar 8, and protective ring 9 is utilized to carry out
The elongation of stop collar 8 limits in order to avoid breaking, and improves design margin evaluation；
(4) in tunnel, inner wall outside is positioned at the support plate 10 of 1 end of anchor pole, and is screwed using fastening nut 11, makes
It obtains anchor pole 1 and reaches design bearing capacity, the compressive deformation that spring 3 generates makes pressure gauge 4 generate reading, pressure gauge 4 is passed through line
The external computer in road, to pressure count according to being read out, a computer can monitor the stress variation of several anchor poles 1 simultaneously,
Reduce the cost of production；
(5) when the rock mass of tunnel inner wall expands deformation, stretching action is generated to anchor pole 1, the tensile stress of anchor pole increases, anchor pole
Free segment generate elongation, then spring 3 extend, spring 3 generate pressure become smaller, pressure gauge reading becomes smaller, according to after elongation with
Pressure gauge reading difference when initial anchor pole installs, can be derived that the changing value of spring pressure, according to Hooke's law, finds out
The strain of spring, this strain are the strain of free segment anchor pole, further according to the stress of anchor pole, the relationship of strain, can find out anchor
The stress increment of bar, conversely, using above-mentioned principle, can equally acquire the stress variation of anchor pole if rock mass is shunk, realize anchor pole
The dynamic monitoring of stress, high sensitivity are at low cost.
In conclusion the present invention point out it is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation, body
Small and exquisite, the convenient construction of product, durability is good, by indirect monitoring rock mass deformation, bolt deformation is translated into, thus according to anchor pole
Stress strain curve, realize to the stress monitoring of anchor pole, be conducive to anchor pole of finding the problem in time, promote the use peace in tunnel
Quan Xing.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright description is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technology necks
Domain is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, the stress monitoring and safety for anchor pole in tunnel are anti-
Shield, the anchor pole include the free segment positioned at the anchoring section of tunnel inner wall depths and positioned at tunnel inner wall superficial, which is characterized in that
Include: sheath, spring and pressure gauge, be provided with external screw thread on the free segment of the anchor pole, the sheath be embedded in tunnel inner wall and
It is concentrically located on the outside of the free segment of anchor pole, bore end is provided with the fixed ring with free segment cooperation, the anchor pole in the sheath
Free segment on be provided with the stop collar in sheath, the spring be set on the free segment of anchor pole and be located at fixed ring with
Between stop collar, the pressure gauge is arranged in the medial surface of stop collar and carries out pressure monitoring to spring, before the sheath inner hole
End is provided with one section of internal screw thread, and the protective ring with limit central spacer is provided on the internal screw thread.
2. according to claim 1 for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that described solid
Determine to be provided with threaded hole corresponding with external screw thread in ring and stop collar.
3. according to claim 1 for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that the anchor
The gasket being provided on the free segment of bar between spring and pressure gauge.
4. according to claim 1 for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that described anti-
Retaining ring diameter of bore is greater than the free segment outside diameter of anchor pole.
5. according to claim 1 for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that the limit
Threading hole corresponding with pressure gauge is provided on the ring of position.
6. according to claim 1 for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that the anchor
The support plate and fastening nut positioned at tunnel inner wall outside are provided on the free segment of bar.
It is any described for monitoring lane using claim 1 ~ 6 7. a kind of method for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation
The protective device of road anchor stress variation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the anchoring section construction of anchor pole is carried out, grouting is fixed on tunnel inner wall depths；
(2) after anchoring section construction, by sheath rotary sleeve on the free segment of anchor pole, spring is put into inside sheath, and make
Anchor pole runs through spring；
(3) spring end installs gasket, installs pressure gauge on the outside of gasket, then rotates installation stop collar again, realize pressure gauge
Limit and the precommpression of spring；
(4) in tunnel, inner wall outside is positioned at the support plate of anchor pole end, and is screwed using fastening nut, so that anchor pole
Reach design bearing capacity, the compressive deformation that spring generates makes pressure gauge generate reading, and pressure gauge is passed through the external calculating of route
Machine is read out pressure count evidence；
(5) if the rock mass of tunnel inner wall expands deformation, stretching action is generated to anchor pole, the tensile stress of anchor pole increases,
Free section generates elongation, and then spring extends, and the pressure that spring generates becomes smaller, and pressure gauge reading becomes smaller, after elongation
Pressure gauge when installing with initial anchor pole reads difference, can be derived that the changing value of spring pressure, according to Hooke's law, asks
The strain of spring out, this strain are the strain of free segment anchor pole, further according to the stress of anchor pole, the relationship of strain, can be found out
The stress increment of anchor pole, conversely, using above-mentioned principle, can equally acquire the stress variation of anchor pole if rock mass is shunk, realize anchor
The dynamic monitoring of stress in the bar.
8. the method according to claim 7 for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that the spring is
Helical spring.
9. the method according to claim 7 for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that the pressure gauge
Route exported by threading hole on stop collar.
10. the method according to claim 7 for monitoring roadway bolt stress variation, which is characterized in that step (3)
In, after stop collar installation, protective ring is installed in sheath, protective ring and stop collar keep certain gap, and free section is stretched
When growing to a certain extent, protective ring is contacted with stop collar, carries out the elongation limitation of stop collar using protective ring in order to avoid breaking.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910144672.2A CN109707426A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910144672.2A CN109707426A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109707426A true CN109707426A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
Family
ID=66265262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910144672.2A Withdrawn CN109707426A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109707426A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111456787A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-28 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Surrounding rock gradient deformation monitoring device based on scour prevention anchor cable and impact early warning method |
| CN111939422A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 深圳市艾利特医疗科技有限公司 | A rehabilitation device based on hearing training for autism children |
| CN113217053A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏科技大学 | Self-adaptive large-deformation prestressed anchor rod |
-
2019
- 2019-02-27 CN CN201910144672.2A patent/CN109707426A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111456787A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-28 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Surrounding rock gradient deformation monitoring device based on scour prevention anchor cable and impact early warning method |
| CN111939422A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 深圳市艾利特医疗科技有限公司 | A rehabilitation device based on hearing training for autism children |
| CN113217053A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏科技大学 | Self-adaptive large-deformation prestressed anchor rod |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109707426A (en) | It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device and method of roadway bolt stress variation | |
| CN104198097B (en) | A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method | |
| CN106285628B (en) | It is a kind of to monitor the detection system and method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack | |
| CN205301083U (en) | Experimental auxiliary device of tunnel stock | |
| CN107478719B (en) | Structure and method for detecting post-grouting sleeve type steel bar joint by built-in vibration test method | |
| CN205301084U (en) | Experimental counter -force device is drawn to tunnel stock | |
| CN102720515A (en) | Fiber bragg grating prestress measurement anchor rod and application method thereof | |
| CN106321001B (en) | It is a kind of for monitoring the borehole anchorage structure and its construction method in floor rocks crack | |
| CN210768812U (en) | Tunnel lining concrete pressure detection device | |
| CN102692351B (en) | Test bed and application method thereof to testing mechanical properties of inclined bolt | |
| US10976455B2 (en) | Test system for microseismic test of rock mass fractures | |
| CN209621353U (en) | It is a kind of for monitoring the protective device of roadway bolt stress variation | |
| CN206144498U (en) | A drilling anchor structure for $monitoring bottom plate country rock crack | |
| CN202693170U (en) | Fiber Bragg grating pre-stressed force-measuring rock bolt | |
| CN103046941B (en) | Anchor cable yield device capable of realizing working load visualization | |
| CN109139067A (en) | A kind of underground chamber supporting construction of settlement monitoring early warning | |
| Tao et al. | Static pull testing of a new type of large deformation cable with constant resistance | |
| CN204754985U (en) | It lays protective apparatus to be used for tunnel radially to converge monitoring point and mounting tool thereof | |
| KR101175622B1 (en) | Ground anchor monitoring system | |
| CN202673283U (en) | Sidewall contact device | |
| CN111852526B (en) | Length-adjustable real-time monitoring anchor rod device | |
| JPH095180A (en) | Axial tension gauge | |
| CN212159332U (en) | Experimental leveling auxiliary device is drawn to stock | |
| CN110715760B (en) | Full-length bonding inclined anchor rod axial force monitoring device and experimental method | |
| CN105067170A (en) | Device and method for monitoring axial force of anchor rod by utilizing hammering acoustic method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190503 |