CN106285628B - It is a kind of to monitor the detection system and method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack - Google Patents
It is a kind of to monitor the detection system and method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285628B CN106285628B CN201610784252.7A CN201610784252A CN106285628B CN 106285628 B CN106285628 B CN 106285628B CN 201610784252 A CN201610784252 A CN 201610784252A CN 106285628 B CN106285628 B CN 106285628B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
It is a kind of to monitor the detection system and method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, bottom plate drill site is dug in no coal column gob side entry retaining side, the drilling to floor strata construction different angle is docked transparent hollow tube in feeding drilling using Butt sealing system paragraph by paragraph；After carrying out slip casting anchoring to the gap between drilling and transparent hollow tube, using graduation position wall-rock crack holings different on Detection location component record measuring scale, repeatedly carry out bottom plate Mining failure rule evolution monitoring task until data tend towards stability and can terminate to observe in exploitation different phase.The present invention angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle drilling spatial arrangement into the bottom plate low-angle drilling arranged side by side to the extension of mining coal seam bottom plate direction, bottom plate from drilling drill site, coal seam floor failure area developmental morphology after bottom plate plastic failure area developmental morphology and seam mining can be drawn a circle to approve out by the same temporally adjacent drilling of observation and crack situation of the same drilling in the different coal mining stages, provide reliable data reference for safe construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection systems and method for monitoring and developing without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, belong to mine
Supporting field.
Background technique
Coal resources in China distribution has very strong regionality, and about 90% coal resources originate from North China Coalfield at present, sternly
High mine water damage form drastically influences always China's coal-mine safety in production, constrains the steady and sound development of national economy, coal
Field exploitation is of great significance to national economic development.The many coalfield-hydrogeology conditions in China are sufficiently complex simultaneously, and coal seam is opened
By the threat of various water bodies during adopting, only by the coal reserves that karst water threatens, just there are about more than 150 hundred million for northern main mining area
Ton, accounts for the 27% of proved reserves, and in the gushing water form of all water damage accidents, particularly pertinent seat earth water damage just accounts for
88.1%, seriously threaten coal mine production safety.Therefore, carry out in a deep going way mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer coal working face coal seam floor failure gushing water at
Calamity mechanism and early warning system research, ensure Safety of Coal Mine Production at the generation of effectively containment water bursting in mine accident, are current China's coals
Charcoal industry problem in the urgent need to address has important meaning to inundation mine area production effect and resource recovery is further increased
Justice also provides science reliable reference frame for the coal seam safety and high efficiency of later same type.
By the bottom plate of many years adopt field practice observation, generally believe working seam bottom plate also like overlying rock it is the same from
Coal seam bottom surface can be divided into " Down Three Zone " to water-bearing layer top surface, i.e., bottom plate water guide destroys band, complete rock stratum band, artesian water lead a liter band.
" Down Three Zone " Theory comparison meets Seam Floor Failure, water inrush structure, has obtained relatively broad application in production practice, by
This is as it can be seen that the live field observation that bottom plate water guide destroys band is of great significance.In order to find out law of deformation and breakage rule, now
Theoretical research, numerical simulation study and experimental study etc. can be used in the research method of use, although these methods are in understanding bottom plate
Critically important effect is played in terms of strata movement deformation rule, but in engineering practice, is inferred using measured data information
Floor strata movement and deformation failure law is undoubtedly most direct, most reliable method.
The method of scene field observation has at present: test is pried through in sonic wave testing in borehole method, bottom plate drilling displacement meter method, drilling
Water flood etc. is put in method, borehole stressmeter, drilling.Wherein 1. sonic wave testing in borehole method is that adopting for rock mass is split before and after observation is adopted
Gap law of development and mining induced fissure depth；2. bottom plate drilling displacement meter method is displacement observation basic point to be arranged in the borehole to observe
Adopt the change in displacement rule of bottom plate in front；3. method of testing is pried through in drilling, for the floor rock during observing working face extraction
Crack macroscopic view changes；4. borehole stressmeter is to obtain floor strata ess-strain by acquiring floor strata change in mechanics
Data analyze coal seam floor failure situation；5. putting water flood with drilling, the inclined hole of certain depth is beaten to seat earth before adopting, daily
Observation unit time outside streamflow, not when outside flowing water, the water injection rate of daily observation unit time inwards, by adopting
The different depth drilling unit time puts the variation of water injection rate and the comprehensive analysis of hydrogeologic condition in journey, so that it may know and adopt
Seam Floor Failure depth caused by influencing.In the above several method, have only drilling pry through method of testing belong to directly observation country rock
The method of development law has higher confidence level and authenticity, but pries through the practical operation of method of testing in drilling and monitored
Such as following problem is commonly present when in journey:
(1) when China's coal-mine working seam, the crossheading of a upper section again supporting can be left for using gob side entry retaining next
A section uses, gob side entry retaining can Resource recovery to greatest extent, avoid coal body from losing, gob side entry retaining is divided into reserved section coal pillar
Gob side entry retaining and without coal column gob side entry retaining.Gob side entry retaining under both of these case will all cause the drilling of superficial part bottom plate that collapse hole occurs,
The even protection casing of tripping in certain depth collapses hole phenomenon there are still monitoring section (no protection casing), and once sends out
Raw collapse hole, is difficult to repair again, and only way is exactly again complement drilling, not only time-consuming and laborious, more likely misses best
Observation time；
(2) seat earth rock stratum is generally divided into hard formation, incompetent bed, soft and hard alternation rock stratum, if construction bottom plate drills the phase
Between encounter incompetent bed or soft and hard alternation rock stratum, especially bottom plate drill monitoring section, due to soft rock have meet water softening, such as
Observe data not in time, the soft rock section that may drill in a short time is closed or collapses automatically so that borehole failure and have to
Complement drilling, or even repeatedly complement drilling, considerably increase monitoring cost；It is not only that the frequent replacement of drilling simultaneously, which causes consequence,
Can not effectively acquire data available, same position different time crack macroscopic view changes also without reference to comparison, testing result can
It is very low by property.
(3) even if can smoothly observe initial bore hole before seam mining pries through data, but as coal working face is continuous
It promotes, bottom plate occurs the change on mechanics and cause floor strata broken due to being acted on by abutment pressure, causes routine
Open-hole cause to block using inspection instrument for borehole, stuck camera situations such as, or even camera shooting observation device can be destroyed, brought certain
Economic loss.
(4) during observation, when be commonly encountered in drilling that there are outstanding in a large amount of muddy water, sewage, oil water mixture and water
Floating object and bubble often can not still acquire effective data, largely effect on observation even if match-drill water filling constantly washes away drilling
Clarity and authenticity, and need just obtain a general conclusion by largely calculating and assessing after obtaining data,
And not can guarantee whether conclusion reliable, i.e., quickly can not accurately obtain position and the development condition of formation variations, to it is subsequent just
Often construction brings very big security risk.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind can be improved borehole failure rate,
Reduce economic loss；It can ensure the safe handling of drilling speculum, guarantee that detection process is normally carried out；It quickly accurate can obtain
Rock crack situation of change and development condition out remain that drilling is in the optimum efficiency of anhydrous observation, and can satisfy more
It is secondary to reuse, guarantee that data reliably monitor the detection system and method for no coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack development.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: it is a kind of monitoring without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack
The detection system of development, including stope drift active workings, the stope drift active workings side are to back production coal seam, and the other side is adjacent coal bed, phase
Adjacent coal seam is equipped with bottom plate drilling drill site, extends from bottom plate drilling drill site to below to back production seat earth and is equipped with bottom plate low-angle
Angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle drill in drilling, bottom plate, angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle in the drilling of bottom plate low-angle, bottom plate
Drilling is successively arranged side by side, and is spaced apart from each other 1-2m, angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle in the bottom plate low-angle drilling, bottom plate
Sealing observation cylinder is equipped in drilling, sealing observation cylinder exposes 0.5~1.0m of hell, is equipped with detection in the sealing observation cylinder
Positioning component；
The sealing observation cylinder includes more transparent hollow tubes interconnected, and adjacent transparent hollow tube is by Butt sealing group
Part links together, and the Butt sealing component includes butt muff and the " u "-shaped circlip for being located at butt muff both ends, described right
Female connector cylinder both ends are respectively fitted over adjacent clear hollow tube end, and two " u "-shaped circlips are respectively perpendicular to butt muff from docking
Passing through on sleeve wall to the through slot of perforation and transparent hollow tube, is connected in one for butt muff and adjacent transparent hollow tube
It rises；
Sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom is equipped with dummy seal component, and the dummy seal component includes back cover sleeve, back cover
Sleeve is fixed on cylinder bottom one end of sealing observation cylinder, and back cover sleeve bottom is equipped with back cover face, the back cover face of the back cover sleeve
Between sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom and the place of docking of adjacent transparent hollow tube is equipped with waterproof " O " type gasket；The butt muff
Be equipped with anti-deviation component on back cover sleeve outer wall, the anti-deviation component includes being located at sleeve outer wall along sleeve is circumferentially distributed
On three anti-deviation positioning pins, three anti-deviation positioning pins radially screw in along sleeve positioning pin threaded hole and fasten respectively
On sleeve wall, and the hole wall of anti-deviation positioning pin outer end and drilling is at a distance of 2~5mm；
There is large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material to solidify the drilling to be formed between the sealing observation cylinder and borehole wall to infuse
Slurry, sealing observation cylinder inside barrel are equipped with measuring part, and the measuring part includes the connected measuring scale of multistage scale, institute
The length for stating every section of measuring scale is consistent with the length of transparent hollow tube, indicates scale on one side, and another side is fixed viscous by anchor adhesive
Knot is on clear hollow inside pipe wall；
The Detection location component includes essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole, and essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole passes through cable
Line connection drilling peeker, the essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole is externally provided with abutment sleeve, around three spiral shells of abutment sleeve
Nail is radially screwed in from abutment sleeve outer wall along abutment sleeve respectively, and abutment sleeve is fixed on essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole
On；More springs are distributed on the abutment sleeve barrel, the spring is radially extended along abutment sleeve, and one end is welded on
On abutment sleeve, the other end is fixed with anti-wiper ball.
Preferably, the material of the " u "-shaped circlip is spring steel, and two fixed supporting leg ends of " u "-shaped circlip are outside
It opens.
Preferably, the through slot position to perforation and transparent hollow tube on butt muff barrel is corresponding, and to piercing aperture
It is identical as the fixed supporting leg diameter of " u "-shaped circlip.
Preferably, the material of butt muff and transparent hollow tube is resin fibre or acrylic organic glass.
Preferably, anti-deviation positioning pin material is stainless steel, and outer end is hemispherical.
Preferably, the inside and outside diameter of waterproof " O " the type gasket is consistent with the inside and outside diameter of transparent hollow tube.
Preferably, the large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material includes early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement, reinforcing agent, bone
Material, high efficiency water reducing agent, swelling agent, fluid loss agent, anti-shrinking medium, defoaming agent and retarder, weight ratio 40-55%, 4-
13%, 35-50%, 0.3-1.6%, 2-8%, 0.01-0.6%, 0.01-0.2%, 0.1-0.8%, 0.5-1.5%, the ratio of mud
It is 0.12~0.20；
The early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement is 42.5R portland cement or 52.5R portland cement or weight ratio
The portland cement of 8:1 and the mixture of aluminate cement；
The reinforcing agent is superfined flyash or high-calcium fly ass, and specification is 200~300 mesh；
The aggregate is quartz sand, and particle diameter distribution is 0~1.25mm；
The high efficiency water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid polymer high efficiency water reducing agent；
The swelling agent is the efficient low-alkali concrete swelling agent of UEA or WZ-MPC polymer fiber swelling agent；
The fluid loss agent is hydroxyethyl cellulose；
The anti-shrinking medium is PP type fiber；
The defoaming agent is amido polyethers defoaming agent or organic silicon defoaming agent；
The retarder is one of Tartaric acid, citric acid, boric acid, phosphate.
Preferably, the range of the measuring scale is 1m or 2m.
Preferably, the abutment sleeve material is stainless steel or aluminium.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for monitoring and developing without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, include the following steps:
Step 1 is exploited using no coal pillar mining mode to back production coal seam, is stope drift active workings, back production to back production coal seam side
Tunnel is equipped with bottom plate drilling drill site adjacent to adjacent coal bed side；
Step 2 drills in drill site in bottom plate, using coal mine essential safe type underground drill rig along the cross section direction x to wait return
Angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle are bored in the drilling for different angle of constructing under mining coal seam bottom plate, the i.e. drilling of bottom plate low-angle, bottom plate
Hole, the spacing of adjacent drilling are 1~2m；
Step 3, after the drilling of bottom plate low-angle, in bottom plate after the completion of angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle drilling construction, first
Anchor adhesive is respectively adopted in multistage measuring scale identical as clear hollow length of tube, that scale is connected to be bonded in transparent hollow tube
Wall, and mark is " small 1 ", " small 2 ", " small in transparent hollow tube respectively from small to large by the meter full scale of each section of measuring scale
3 " ... ..., for use；
Step 4, constructed bottom plate low-angle drilling in, waterproof " O " type gasket is placed in back cover sleeve
Bottom, and back cover sleeve is spun on mark " the range initial end of the transparent hollow tube of small 1 ", around the distribution setting of back cover sleeve
Anti-deviation positioning pin is tightened at three positioning pin threaded holes on back cover sleeve wall；Then mark " small 1 " it is transparent in
Waterproof " O " type gasket is placed in the other end of blank pipe, and take a section butt muff be inserted in " transparent hollow tube of small 1 " it is another
End, by perforation and transparent hollow tube through slot position to a " u "-shaped circlip just, is inserted into, so that butt muff be fixed
In mark " in the transparent hollow tube of small 1 "；By mark, " initial one end of transparent hollow tube range of small 2 " is butted up against outside butt muff
Reveal mouth, and be inserted into another " u "-shaped circlip in corresponding position, " transparent hollow tube of small 2 " is fixed on butt muff by mark
Together；It is anti-deviation being tightened at three positioning pin threaded holes that butt muff distribution is arranged in the middle part of butt muff on barrel
Positioning pin；By to connect " small 1 " and " small 2 " transparent hollow tube be slowly sent into bottom plate low-angle drilling, in " small 2 " clear hollow
Manage other end of exposed bottom plate low-angle drilling orifice and so on installation mark " small 3 ", " transparent hollow tube of small 4 " ...,
Until " small 1 " transparent hollow tube falls into bottom plate low-angle drilling hole bottom, to be installed low-angle sealing observation cylinder, while most
Later section transparent hollow tube need to expose the safe distance of 0.5~1m of drilling orifice；
The process of step 5, the 3-4 that repeats the above steps, production be identified as " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " and " big 1, it is big 2, greatly
3 ... " transparent hollow tube, and will mark " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " transparent hollow tube installation angular hole-boring in the soleplate
In, the transparent hollow tube of " big 1, big 2, big by 3 ... " is mounted in the drilling of bottom plate wide-angle, middle angle seals is respectively formed and sees
Survey cylinder and wide-angle sealing observation cylinder；
Step 6, each transparent hollow tube angular hole-boring and the drilling installation of bottom plate wide-angle in the drilling of bottom plate low-angle, bottom plate
After in place, large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material is selected according to the lithology of floor rocks layer, and exist by the ratio of mud 0.12~0.20
It is added in grouting material after mixing water fully mixes, pours into the drilling of bottom plate low-angle, angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle in bottom plate
Drilling forms bored grouting body with the gap of sealing observation cylinder；
Step 7, injecting cement paste hole to be drilled, which reach, carries out first bottom plate mining induced fissure observation for 3 days after compression strength, incite somebody to action this first
The safety-type inspection instrument for borehole of matter is in place by the connection of the drilling peeker of cable and data collection host；
Essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole is passed through the abutment sleeve that outer wall is equipped with anti-wiper ball by step 8, around abutment sleeve
Three screws respectively from abutment sleeve outer wall along abutment sleeve radially screw in, by abutment sleeve be fixed on essential safe type drilling
On endoscope, and it is overlapped the central axes of abutment sleeve and the central axes of essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole；Then successively the bottom of at
Slowly decentralization is cased in the drilling of plate low-angle, the transparent hollow tube connected in bottom plate in angular hole-boring and the drilling of bottom plate wide-angle
Camera is pried through in the drilling of abutment sleeve device, and drilling peeker records in real time pries through video content for the first time, passes through clear hollow
Scale on the measuring scale of inside pipe wall records wall-rock crack developmental state on bored grouting body in detail；
Step 9 is in exploitation when to back production coal seam, and coal working face and bottom plate drilling drill site are at a distance of 1~2 period
When water component, goaf forms overburden of the goaf fissure zone, carries out second of bottom plate at this time and adopts wall-rock crack law of development
Observation repeats the process of step 8, saturating in angular hole-boring and the drilling of bottom plate wide-angle in the drilling of record bottom plate low-angle, bottom plate
Wall-rock crack situation on bored grouting body on the measuring scale of bright hollow tube at different scales, and by this observed result and for the first time
Observed result compares and analyzes, and tentatively judges coal seam floor failure form during exploitation；
Step 10, when adopting bottom plate drilling drill site position to back production coal seam, and the compacting of overburden of the goaf crack region is steady
After fixed, stope drift active workings become no coal column gob side entry retaining at this time, use between no coal column gob side entry retaining and overburden of the goaf fissure zone
Roadside support body carries out third time bottom plate and adopts the observation of wall-rock crack law of development, repeat step 7- as top plate roadside support
The process of step 8, the drilling of record bottom plate low-angle, angular hole-boring and the transparent hollow tube in the drilling of bottom plate wide-angle in bottom plate
Wall-rock crack situation on bored grouting body on measuring scale at different scales, and seen by this observed result and for the first time with second
It surveys result to compare and analyze, coal seam floor failure form after delineation coal output layer exploitation.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the advantage that
1. detection system overall construction design of the invention is reasonable, more transparent hollow tubes pass through Butt sealing component and envelope
Bottom seal assembly, which is connected and fixed, forms sealing observation cylinder, and makes structure by the way that large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material is perfused
Sizing, can be effective against destructive power, can guarantee that bottom plate drilling safe is stable, the drilling hole accident that collapses is avoided to occur, avoid
Bottom plate drills perforations adding situation, not only time saving and energy saving, can more acquire valid data in time；Once mounting can repeatedly continue in place
Safety monitoring has saved cost, has improved drilling utilization rate；
2. it is broken can to successfully manage hard formation, incompetent bed, soft and hard alternation rock stratum, passing fault for implementation through the invention
The complicated bottom plate geological structure such as band greatly overcomes the problems such as soft floor generation chance water softening shrinkage cavity, aperture closure, saves
Multiple complement drills expense, and timely and effectively acquisition coal seam floor failure feature observes data for safeguard work face exploitation front and back, is not required to
Drilling is frequently replaced, using the progress of the cranny development of the drilling observation different phase of same position, data really may be used
It leans on.
3. the Detection location component being placed in sealing observation cylinder can be kept with effective protection essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole
Position is stablized accurate when detection, and spring has flexible bending regulatory function, can use elastic force automatic adjustment after stress
The impact to essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole is reduced, anti-wiper ball facilitates essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole and moves up and down, keeps away
Exempt to be stuck in drilling monitoring section, stuck situation, has greatly reduced noncontrollable factors, saves instrument loss and material etc.
Expense；
4. the large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material mobility of sealing perfusion is reachable between sealing observation cylinder and bottom plate drilling
To 260-380mm, and in the case where the ratio of mud is little, higher mobility can be obtained, without manually vibrating or stirring
Small-bore filling space is completed, realizes self-compaction, Self-leveling effect；One day vertical expansion ratio of material is 0.03~0.65%,
And it is adjustable, small-bore fill area that drills to it does not generate contraction situation, is not in transparent hollow tube and bored grouting body
Segregation phenomenon, it is ensured that adhesive surface is seamless, does not loosen；Getting up early intensity is high, and 1 day 20~45MPa of compression strength, intensity is reachable within 28 days
To 45~60MPa, construction monitoring can be realized within second day after casing installation；There is preferable corrosion resistance to acidic groundwater,
It is corrosion-free to transparent hollow tube, it can monitor for a long time.
Large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material of the invention, which is poured molding latter aspect, to prevent Floor water along brill
Hole, which is led, to rise and water inrush accident occurs, and protection Detection location component and drilling will not be by muddy water, sewage, oil water mixture and water
Suspended matter and bubble are infected with and influence observation；It is same with country rock body around after the molding of another aspect large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material
Belonging to inorganic material, physico-mechanical properties are close, itself stress characteristic can be changed with the variation of country rock hydrodynamic properties,
With country rock body compatible deformation, drilling is directly read through transparent hollow tube by essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole combination measuring scale
What crack position and form on injecting cement paste were directly reflected is exactly position of the floor rocks crack in drilling, and visual result can
Letter, quickly can accurately obtain position and the development condition of formation variations.
5. test method provided by the invention belongs to safe and efficient, quick, the timely acquisition of one kind without coal column gob side entry retaining bottom
Plate destructive characteristics observe the technology of data, small from bottom plate drilling drill site to bottom plate arranged side by side is extended to mining coal seam bottom plate direction
Angular hole-boring and bottom plate wide-angle drilling spatial arrangement, can pass through and observe same temporally adjacent brill in angular hole-boring, bottom plate
Hole and same drilling are after the crack situation delineation coal output layer exploitation insole board damage -form and seam mining in different coal mining stages
Coal seam floor failure form sets offer foundation to staying for the effective water barrier of bottom plate, significant to coal seam in safety and stability exploitation pressure-bearing；
In addition the effective slip casting depth of bottom plate and range of grouting be may further determine that, its floor grouting transformation situation is made and accurately studies and judges analysis,
It is avoided as much as that bottom plate water burst, water bursting disaster occurs during seam mining, provides reliable data reference for safe construction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged plan view in Fig. 1 at A；
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram of present invention when forming overburden of the goaf fissure zone in back production seam mining；
Fig. 4 be the present invention to back production coal seam adopted bottom plate drilling drill site position, and overburden of the goaf crack region be compacted
Structural schematic diagram after stabilization；
Fig. 5 is the overall construction schematic diagram of present invention sealing observation cylinder (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Fig. 6 is present invention sealing observation barrel structure diagrammatic cross-section (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Fig. 7 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6 of the present invention (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Fig. 8 is the B-B diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6 of the present invention (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Fig. 9 is the C-C diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6 of the present invention (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Figure 10 is the D-D diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6 of the present invention (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Figure 11 is the E-E diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 6 of the present invention (bored grouting body shows a part)；
Figure 12 is the inside partial structurtes enlarged drawing of Figure 11 of the present invention；
Figure 13 is present invention sealing observation cylinder internal detection positioning component schematic enlarged-scale view；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown, a kind of monitor the detection system developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, including stope drift active workings 42,
42 side of stope drift active workings is to back production coal seam 43, and the other side is adjacent coal bed 40；It is air inlet to 43 other side of back production coal seam
Tunnel 44, adjacent coal bed 40 are equipped with bottom plate drilling drill site 41, drill drill site 41 to below 43 bottom plate of back production coal seam from bottom plate
Extend equipped with angular hole-boring 46 in bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate and bottom plate wide-angle drilling 47, periphery is the wall of a borehole country rock
Body 1, bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, angular hole-boring 46 and bottom plate wide-angle drilling 47 are successively arranged side by side in bottom plate, and each drilling
Spacing along 42 longitudinal axis of stope drift active workings is 1~2m, angular hole-boring 46 and bottom in the bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate
Sealing observation cylinder is equipped in plate wide-angle drilling 47, sealing observation cylinder exposes 0.5~1.0m of hell, and cylinder is observed in the sealing
It is interior to be equipped with Detection location component；
The sealing observation cylinder includes more transparent hollow tubes 8 interconnected, and adjacent transparent hollow tube 8 is by Butt sealing
Component links together, and the Butt sealing component includes butt muff 7 and the " u "-shaped circlip 5 for being located at 7 both ends of butt muff,
7 both ends of butt muff are respectively fitted over adjacent 8 end of transparent hollow tube, and two " u "-shaped circlips 5 are respectively perpendicular to female connector
Perforation 6 and the through slot 24 of transparent hollow tube 8 are passed through from 7 barrel of butt muff of cylinder 7, by butt muff 7 and adjacent saturating
Bright hollow tube 8 connects together；
Sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom is equipped with dummy seal component, and the dummy seal component includes back cover sleeve 19, envelope
Bottom sleeve 19 is connected through a screw thread the cylinder bottom one end for being fixed on sealing observation cylinder, and 19 bottom of back cover sleeve is equipped with back cover face 22,
Between the back cover face 22 of the back cover sleeve 19 and sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom and place of docking of adjacent transparent hollow tube 8 is equipped with anti-
Water " O " type gasket 11；Anti-deviation component, the anti-deviation component are equipped on 19 outer wall of the butt muff 7 and back cover sleeve
Including along the anti-deviation positioning pin 9 of circumferentially distributed three be located on sleeve outer wall of sleeve, three anti-deviation positioning pins 9 are distinguished
Positioning pin threaded hole 10 is radially screwed in along sleeve and is fastened on sleeve wall, and the hole of anti-deviation positioning pin 9 outer end and drilling
Wall is at a distance of 2~5mm；
There is large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material to solidify the drilling to be formed between the sealing observation cylinder and borehole wall to infuse
Slurry 3, sealing observation cylinder inside barrel are equipped with measuring part, and the measuring part includes the connected measuring scale 4 of multistage scale,
The length of every section of measuring scale 4 is consistent with the length of transparent hollow tube 8, indicates scale on one side, and another side passes through anchor adhesive 23
Fixation is bonded on 8 inner wall of transparent hollow tube；
The Detection location component includes essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18, and essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 passes through
The connection drilling peeker 53 of cable 12, the essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 is externally provided with abutment sleeve 13, around positioning
Abutment sleeve 13 is fixed on by three screws 15 of sleeve 13 respectively from 13 outer wall of abutment sleeve along the radial screw-in of abutment sleeve 13
On essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18, screw 15 has external screw thread 25, and external screw thread 25 matches with bush whorl hole 16；It is described
More springs 17 are distributed on 13 barrel of abutment sleeve, the spring 17 is radially extended along abutment sleeve 13, and one end is welded
On abutment sleeve 13, the other end is fixed with anti-wiper ball 14.17 structure of spring has the function of flexible bending, can be with after stress deformation
Impact of the impact force to essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 is reduced, anti-wiper ball 14 facilitates Detection location component in clear hollow
Pipe 8 moves up and down, and avoids the occurrence of stuck equipment situation.
Preferably, the material of the " u "-shaped circlip 5 be spring steel, and two fixed supporting leg ends of " u "-shaped circlip 5 to
Outer opening.After being sent into drilling, 5 fixed supporting leg end of " u "-shaped circlip is flared out, and can will not be fallen off with clamping the wall of a borehole
Situation.
Preferably, 24 position of through slot to perforation 6 and transparent hollow tube 8 on 7 barrel of butt muff is corresponding, and to perforation
6 apertures are identical as the fixed supporting leg diameter of " u "-shaped circlip 5.To " u "-shaped circlip 5 fixed supporting leg can with to 6 close-fittings of perforating
It closes, ensure that butt muff 7 can firmly connect transparent hollow tube 8.
Preferably, the material of butt muff 7 and transparent hollow tube 8 is resin fibre or acrylic organic glass.Selection has
On the one hand machine transparent material ensure that the intensity of material, will not be crushed in stress；On the other hand, it is ensured that transparent
Degree, facilitates observation fractured situation.
Preferably, anti-deviation 9 material of positioning pin is stainless steel, and outer end is hemispherical.Stainless steel material can prevent from becoming rusty
Erosion guarantees using safe, while hemispheric end face can prevent each drilling anti-deviation fixed when generating crack generation drastic mechanical deformation
Serious gouging abrasion occurs for the outer end of position pin 9 and the hole wall of drilling, extends the service life of device.
Preferably, the inside and outside diameter of waterproof " O " the type gasket 11 is consistent with the inside and outside diameter of transparent hollow tube 8.It can protect
Sealing effect is demonstrate,proved, prevents liquid from entering.
Preferably, the large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material includes early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement, reinforcing agent, bone
Material, high efficiency water reducing agent, swelling agent, fluid loss agent, anti-shrinking medium, defoaming agent and retarder, weight ratio 40-55%, 4-
13%, 35-50%, 0.3-1.6%, 2-8%, 0.01-0.6%, 0.01-0.2%, 0.1-0.8%, 0.5-1.5%, the ratio of mud
It is 0.12~0.20；
The early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement is 42.5R portland cement or 52.5R portland cement or weight ratio
The portland cement of 8:1 and the mixture of aluminate cement；
The reinforcing agent is superfined flyash or high-calcium fly ass, and specification is 200~300 mesh；
The aggregate is quartz sand, and particle diameter distribution is 0~1.25mm；
The high efficiency water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid polymer high efficiency water reducing agent；
The swelling agent is the efficient low-alkali concrete swelling agent of UEA or WZ-MPC polymer fiber swelling agent；
The fluid loss agent is hydroxyethyl cellulose；
The anti-shrinking medium is PP type fiber；
The defoaming agent is amido polyethers defoaming agent or organic silicon defoaming agent；
The retarder is one of Tartaric acid, citric acid, boric acid, phosphate.
Preferably, the range of measuring scale is 1m or 2m.Wall-rock crack is directly read by measuring scale in observation drilling
Interior position, compared to the range data of more traditional indirect gain, error very little.
Preferably, essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 is essential safe type borehole camera head.
Preferably, 13 material of abutment sleeve is stainless steel or aluminium.Stainless steel or aluminium are not easy to corrode, and make positioning sleeve
Cylinder 13 can play the role of being effectively protected while positioning.
Specific embodiment:
Prepare a certain proportion of large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material on the ground first so that underground is spare.Large fluidity
Shrinking-free grouting material component includes inorganic matrix, reinforcing agent, aggregate, high efficiency water reducing agent, swelling agent, fluid loss agent, anti-shrinkage
Agent, defoaming agent and retarder, weight ratio 45.6%, 6.3%, 42.5%, 0.85%, 3.54%, 0.056%,
0.012%, 0.48%, 0.76%, in which:
1. inorganic matrix is early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement, model 42.5R portland cement；
2. reinforcing agent is high-calcium fly ass, specification is 200~300 mesh；
3. aggregate is quartz sand, particle diameter distribution is 0~1.25mm, wherein 0~0.16mm accounts for 15%, 0.16~0.325mm
It accounts for 35%, 0.325~0.85mm and accounts for 32%, 0.85~1.25mm and account for 18%；
4. high efficiency water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid polymer high efficiency water reducing agent；
5. swelling agent is WZ-MPC polymer fiber swelling agent；
6. fluid loss agent is hydroxyethyl cellulose；
7. anti-shrinking medium is PP type fiber；
8. defoaming agent is organic silicon defoaming agent；
9. retarder is phosphate；
It is specific as follows to monitor the method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack:
Step 1 is exploited using no coal pillar mining mode to back production coal seam 43, is stope drift active workings to 43 side of back production coal seam
42, stope drift active workings 42 are equipped with bottom plate drilling drill site 41 adjacent to 40 side of adjacent coal bed, and bottom plate drilling 41 length of drill site not only guarantees
Angular hole-boring 46 and the drilling 47 of bottom plate wide-angle are along 42 longitudinal axis of stope drift active workings in be onstructed bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate
Y 1~2m of spacing, and to guarantee the effective dimensions of the length of construction drill drilling machine operation.Take bottom plate drilling drill site 41
Size: long * wide * high=10m*6m*6.5m.
Step 2, bottom plate drilling drill site 41 in, using coal mine essential safe type underground drill rig along the cross section direction x to
The drilling (drill whole bore dia φ=105mm) for different angle of constructing under 43 bottom plate of back production coal seam, i.e. bottom plate low-angle drilling 45
Angular hole-boring 46 in (vertical depth 13.3m, 28 ° be angled downward), bottom plate (vertical depth 21.5m, 57 ° be angled downward) and bottom plate
Wide-angle drilling 47 (vertical depth 26m, 75 ° be angled downward), adjacent drilling are 1 along the spacing of 42 longitudinal axis of stope drift active workings
~2m；
Step 3 is completed to angular hole-boring 46 in bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate and 47 construction of bottom plate wide-angle drilling
Afterwards, first will (length 1m) identical as 8 length of transparent hollow tube, scale be connected (0~1.0m, 1.0~2.0m, 2.0~
3.0m... and so on) multistage measuring scale 4 anchor adhesive 23 be respectively adopted be bonded in 8 inner wall (transparent hollow tube of transparent hollow tube
Internal diameter φ=45mm outer diameter φ=55mm, wall thickness 5mm), and by the meter full scale of each section of measuring scale 4 from small to large respectively transparent
Marked on hollow tube 8 " small 1 ", " small 2 ", " small 3 " ... ..., for use；
Step 4, constructed bottom plate low-angle drilling 45 in, a 11 (gasket internal diameter φ of waterproof " O " type gasket
=45mm outer diameter φ=55mm, thickness 6mm) be placed in 19 bottom of back cover sleeve, and make back cover sleeve 19 internal screw thread 20 and thoroughly
The external screw-thread 21 of bright hollow tube 8, which is matched, to be spun on mark for back cover sleeve 19 " range of the transparent hollow tube 8 of small 1 " is initial
End, it is anti-deviation being tightened at three positioning pin threaded holes 10 that the distribution of back cover sleeve 19 is arranged on 19 barrel of back cover sleeve
Positioning pin 9；Then in mark, " waterproof " O " type gasket 11 is placed in the other end of the transparent hollow tube 8 of small 1 ", and takes a section pair
Female connector cylinder 7 (internal diameter φ=55mm, outer diameter φ=65mm, wall thickness 5mm) is inserted in that " other end of the transparent hollow tube 8 of small 1 ", will be right
The position of the through slot 24 of perforation 6 and transparent hollow tube 8 is to a " u "-shaped circlip 5 just, is inserted into, so that butt muff 7 is fixed on
Mark is " in the transparent hollow tube 8 of small 1 "；By mark, " initial one end of 8 range of transparent hollow tube of small 2 " butts up against butt muff 7
Exposed mouth, and it is inserted into another " u "-shaped circlip 5 in corresponding position, by mark, " transparent hollow tube 8 and butt muff 7 of small 2 " are solid
It is scheduled on together；It is twisted being distributed at three positioning pin threaded holes 10 being arranged on 7 middle part barrel of butt muff around butt muff 7
Tight anti-deviation positioning pin 9；By to connect " small 1 " and " small 2 " transparent hollow tube 8 is slowly sent into bottom plate low-angle drilling 45,
" the exposed bottom plate low-angle of small 2 " transparent hollow tube 8 drill 45 apertures other end and so on installation mark it is " small 3 ", " small
4 " ... transparent hollow tube 8, until " small 1 " transparent hollow tube 8 falls into bottom plate low-angle 45 bottom holes of drilling, to be installed
Low-angle sealing observation cylinder, while final section transparent hollow tube 8 need to expose the safe distance of 0.5~1m of drilling orifice, to prevent
Only flow backward in it into sewage or grouting serous fluid inside the transparent hollow tube 8 connected.
The process of step 5, the 3-4 that repeats the above steps, production be identified as " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " and " big 1, it is big 2, greatly
3 ... " transparent hollow tube 8, and will mark " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " transparent hollow tube 8 installation in the soleplate angle bore
In hole 46, the transparent hollow tube 8 of " big 1, big 2, big by 3 ... " is mounted in bottom plate wide-angle drilling 47, middle angle is respectively formed
Degree sealing observation cylinder and wide-angle sealing observation cylinder；
Step 6, each transparent hollow tube 8 angular hole-boring 46 and bottom plate wide-angle in bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate are bored
After hole 47 is installed in place, the aforementioned large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material according to the selection of the lithology of floor rocks layer is pressed into the ratio of mud
0.158 is added after mixing water fully mixes in grouting material, pours into bottom plate low-angle drilling 45,46 and of angular hole-boring in bottom plate
Bottom plate wide-angle drilling 47 forms bored grouting body 3 with the gap of sealing observation cylinder；
Step 7, injecting cement paste hole to be drilled 3, which reach, carries out first bottom plate mining induced fissure observation for 3 days after compression strength, incite somebody to action this first
The safety-type inspection instrument for borehole 18 of matter is connect in place by cable 12 with the drilling peeker 53 of data collection host；
Essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 is passed through the abutment sleeve 13 that outer wall is equipped with anti-wiper ball 14 by step 8, around fixed
Three screws 15 of position sleeve 13 are fixed by abutment sleeve 13 respectively from 13 outer wall of abutment sleeve along the radial screw-in of abutment sleeve 13
On essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18, and make in central axes and the essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole 18 of abutment sleeve 13
Axis is overlapped；Then it is successively connected in angular hole-boring 46 and bottom plate wide-angle drilling 47 in bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate
Camera is pried through in the drilling that slowly decentralization is cased with 13 device of abutment sleeve in good transparent hollow tube 8, and drilling peeker 53 is real-time
Record pries through video content for the first time, records bored grouting body 3 in detail by the scale on the measuring scale 4 of 8 inner wall of transparent hollow tube
Upper wall-rock crack developmental state；
Step 9 is in exploitation when to back production coal seam 43, and coal working face and bottom plate drilling drill site 28 are at a distance of 1~2
When periodic weighting step pitch, goaf forms overburden of the goaf fissure zone 48, carries out second of bottom plate at this time and adopts wall-rock crack hair
Regular observation is educated, the process of step 8, angular hole-boring 46 and bottom plate wide-angle in record bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate are repeated
Wall-rock crack situation on bored grouting body 3 on the measuring scale 4 of transparent hollow tube 8 in drilling 47 at different scales, and by this
Secondary observed result is compared and analyzed with First Observation result, tentatively judges coal seam floor failure form 51 during exploitation；Due to by
To seam mining disturbing influence, bottom slab stress changes, positioned at the bored grouting during exploitation inside coal seam floor failure form 51
Body 3 will be broken by tension and compression it is bad, herein the cranny development of bored grouting body 3 can pass through in transparent hollow tube 8 lower section essence peace
Holotype inspection instrument for borehole 18 is directly observed, and can be obtained good observed result, and Detection location component can avoid occurring blocking, block
The problem of dead camera device " can not be up and down ".Second of live actual observation result is fed back into technical staff, it can be intuitive
Understand 3 Crack change of bored grouting body, 3 Crack change of bored grouting body directly reflects that bottom plate adopts wall-rock crack development rule
Rule；In addition its floor grouting transformation situation can also be made and accurately studies and judges analysis, be avoided as much as occurring during seam mining
Bottom plate water burst, water bursting disaster.
Step 10, when adopting bottom plate drilling 41 position of drill site, and 48 region of overburden of the goaf fissure zone to back production coal seam 43
After stabilization by compaction, stope drift active workings 42 become no coal column gob side entry retaining 50 at this time, and no coal column gob side entry retaining 50 is split with overburden of the goaf
Top plate roadside support is used as using roadside support body 49 between gap band 48, third time bottom plate is carried out and adopts wall-rock crack law of development
Observation repeats the process of step 7- step 8, angular hole-boring 46 and bottom plate wide-angle in record bottom plate low-angle drilling 45, bottom plate
Wall-rock crack situation on bored grouting body 3 on the measuring scale 4 of transparent hollow tube 8 in drilling 47 at different scales, and by this
Secondary observed result with compared and analyzed for the first time with second of observed result, delineation coal output layer exploitation after coal seam floor failure form 52；
Thus the bottom plate that provides that can be quantified adopts surrounding rocks failure and bottom plate Mining failure depth, sets to staying for the effective water barrier of bottom plate
Reference is provided, it is significant to coal seam in safety and stability exploitation pressure-bearing, the effective slip casting depth of its bottom plate and range of grouting are mentioned
Scientific basis is supplied.
It is only observed three times in the present embodiment, the number of observation can also be increased according to the actual needs of the site, passed through
It improves observation density and accurately understands floor crack growth course.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of monitor the detection system developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, including stope drift active workings (42), the back production
Tunnel (42) side is to back production coal seam (43), and the other side is adjacent coal bed (40), which is characterized in that adjacent coal bed is set on (40)
There is bottom plate to drill drill site (41), is equipped with the small angle of bottom plate from bottom plate drilling drill site (41) to extend below back production coal seam (43) bottom plate
Angular hole-boring (46) and bottom plate wide-angle drill (47) in degree drilling (45), bottom plate, angle in bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), bottom plate
Degree drilling (46) and bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47) are successively arranged side by side, and are spaced apart from each other 1-2m, the bottom plate low-angle drilling
(45), it is equipped with sealing observation cylinder in angular hole-boring (46) and bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47) in bottom plate, sealing observation cylinder exposes
0.5 ~ 1.0m of hell, the sealing observation cylinder is interior to be equipped with Detection location component；
The sealing observation cylinder includes more transparent hollow tubes (8) interconnected, and adjacent transparent hollow tube (8) is by Butt sealing
Component links together, and the Butt sealing component includes butt muff (7) and the " u "-shaped card for being located at butt muff (7) both ends
Spring (5), butt muff (7) both ends are respectively fitted over adjacent transparent hollow tube (8) end, and two " u "-shaped circlips (5) are respectively
Perpendicular to butt muff (7) from being passed through to the through slot (24) of perforation (6) and transparent hollow tube (8) on butt muff (7) barrel,
Butt muff (7) and adjacent transparent hollow tube (8) are connected together；
Sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom is equipped with dummy seal component, and the dummy seal component includes back cover sleeve (19), back cover
Sleeve (19) is fixed on cylinder bottom one end of sealing observation cylinder, and back cover sleeve (19) bottom is equipped with back cover face (22), the back cover
Between the back cover face (22) of sleeve (19) and the sealing observation cylinder cylinder bottom and place of docking of adjacent transparent hollow tube (8) is equipped with waterproof
" O " type gasket (11)；It is equipped with anti-deviation component on the butt muff (7) and back cover sleeve (19) outer wall, it is described anti-deviation
Component includes along the circumferentially distributed anti-deviation positioning pin of three be located on sleeve outer wall (9) of sleeve, three anti-deviation positioning
Pin (9) radially screws in positioning pin threaded hole (10) along sleeve respectively and is fastened on sleeve wall, and anti-deviation positioning pin (9) is outside
End is with the hole wall to drill at a distance of 2 ~ 5mm；
There is large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material to solidify the bored grouting body to be formed between the sealing observation cylinder and borehole wall
(3), barrel is equipped with measuring part on the inside of sealing observation cylinder, and the measuring part includes the connected measuring scale (4) of multistage scale,
The length of every section of measuring scale (4) is consistent with the length of transparent hollow tube (8), indicates scale on one side, and another side passes through anchoring
Glue (23) fixation is bonded on transparent hollow tube (8) inner wall；
The Detection location component includes essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18), and essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18) passes through
Cable (12) connection drilling peeker (53), the essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18) are externally provided with abutment sleeve (13),
Three screws (15) around abutment sleeve (13) radially screw in from abutment sleeve (13) outer wall along abutment sleeve (13) respectively, will
Abutment sleeve (13) is fixed on essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18)；It is distributed on abutment sleeve (13) barrel more
Root spring (17), the spring (17) radially extends along abutment sleeve (13), and one end is welded on abutment sleeve (13), another
End is fixed with anti-wiper ball (14).
2. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, the material of the " u "-shaped circlip (5) is spring steel, and two fixed supporting leg ends of " u "-shaped circlip (5) are flared out.
3. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, it is corresponding with through slot (24) position of transparent hollow tube (8) to perforation (6) on butt muff (7) barrel, and to perforation
(6) aperture is identical as the fixed supporting leg diameter of " u "-shaped circlip (5).
4. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, the material of butt muff (7) and transparent hollow tube (8) is resin fibre or acrylic organic glass.
5. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, anti-deviation positioning pin (9) material is stainless steel, and outer end is hemispherical.
6. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, the inside and outside diameter of waterproof " O " the type gasket (11) is consistent with the inside and outside diameter of transparent hollow tube (8).
7. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, the large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material includes early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement, reinforcing agent, aggregate, efficient diminishing
Agent, swelling agent, fluid loss agent, anti-shrinking medium, defoaming agent and retarder, weight ratio 40-55%, 4-13%, 35-50%, 0.3-
1.6%, 2-8%, 0.01-0.6%, 0.01-0.2%, 0.1-0.8%, 0.5-1.5%, the ratio of mud are 0.12 ~ 0.20；
The early strengthening and high strengthening type portland cement is 42.5R portland cement or 52.5R portland cement or weight ratio 8:1
The mixture of portland cement and aluminate cement；
The reinforcing agent is superfined flyash or high-calcium fly ass, and specification is 200 ~ 300 mesh；
The aggregate is quartz sand, and particle diameter distribution is 0 ~ 1.25mm；
The high efficiency water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid polymer high efficiency water reducing agent；
The swelling agent is the efficient low-alkali concrete swelling agent of UEA or WZ-MPC polymer fiber swelling agent；
The fluid loss agent is hydroxyethyl cellulose；
The anti-shrinking medium is PP type fiber；
The defoaming agent is amido polyethers defoaming agent or organic silicon defoaming agent；
The retarder is one of Tartaric acid, citric acid, boric acid, phosphate.
8. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, the range of the measuring scale is 1m or 2m.
9. the detection system that a kind of monitoring according to claim 1 is developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, feature
It is, abutment sleeve (13) material is stainless steel or aluminium.
10. a kind of monitor the method developed without coal column gob side entry retaining floor crack, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1 is exploited using no coal pillar mining mode to back production coal seam (43), is stope drift active workings to back production coal seam (43) side
(42), neighbouring adjacent coal bed (40) side of stope drift active workings (42) is equipped with bottom plate drilling drill site (41)；
Step 2 drills in drill site (41) in bottom plate, using coal mine essential safe type underground drill rig along the cross section direction x to wait return
The drilling for different angle of constructing under mining coal seam (43) bottom plate, i.e. bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), in bottom plate angular hole-boring (46) and
Bottom plate wide-angle drills (47), and the spacing of adjacent drilling is 1 ~ 2m；
Step 3 is completed to angular hole-boring (46) in bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), bottom plate and bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47) construction
Afterwards, anchor adhesive (23) are respectively adopted in multistage measuring scale (4) identical as transparent hollow tube (8) length, that scale is connected first to glue
It ties in transparent hollow tube (8) inner wall, and by the meter full scale of each section of measuring scale (4) from small to large respectively in transparent hollow tube (8)
It is upper mark " small 1 ", " small 2 ", " small 3 " ... ..., for use；
Step 4 drills in (45) in the bottom plate low-angle constructed, and waterproof " O " type gasket (11) is placed in back cover
Sleeve (19) bottom, and back cover sleeve (19) is spun on mark " the range initial end of the transparent hollow tube (8) of small 1 ", circular
It is anti-deviation fixed to tighten at three positioning pin threaded holes (10) that back cover sleeve (19) distribution is arranged on back cover sleeve (19) barrel
Position pin (9)；Then in mark, " waterproof " O " type gasket (11) are placed in the other end of the transparent hollow tube (8) of small 1 ", and take one
Section butt muff (7) is inserted in that " other end of the transparent hollow tube (8) of small 1 " will lead to perforation (6) and transparent hollow tube (8)
The position of slot (24) to just, being inserted into a " u "-shaped circlip (5), thus by butt muff (7) be fixed on mark " small 1 " it is transparent
On hollow tube (8)；To identify " transparent hollow tube (8) initial one end of range of small 2 " butts up against butt muff (7) exposed mouth, and
It is inserted into another " u "-shaped circlip (5) in corresponding position, " transparent hollow tube (8) of small 2 " and butt muff (7) are fixed by mark
Together；In three positioning pin threaded holes (10) around butt muff (7) distribution setting in the middle part of butt muff (7) on barrel
Tighten anti-deviation positioning pin (9) in place；It will be to " small 1 " and " the slow feeding bottom plate low-angle brill of small 2 " transparent hollow tube (8) connected
Hole (45) the, in " other end in the small exposed bottom plate low-angle drilling of 2 " transparent hollow tube (8) (45) aperture and so on installation mark
" small 3 ", " transparent hollow tube (8) of small 4 " ..., until " small 1 " transparent hollow tube (8) falls into bottom plate low-angle drilling (45) hole
Bottom, while final section transparent hollow tube (8) need to expose the safe distance of 0.5 ~ 1m of drilling orifice, to be installed low-angle
Sealing observation cylinder；
The process of step 5, the 3-4 that repeats the above steps, production be identified as " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " and " big 1, it is big 2, greatly
3 ... " transparent hollow tube (8), and will mark " in 1, in 2, in 3 ... " transparent hollow tube (8) installation angle in the soleplate
In degree drilling (46), the transparent hollow tube (8) of " big 1, big 2, big by 3 ... " is mounted in bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47), is divided
Not Xing Cheng in angle seals observation cylinder and wide-angle sealing observation cylinder；
Step 6, each transparent hollow tube (8) angular hole-boring (46) and bottom plate wide-angle in bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), bottom plate
After (47) installation that drills is in place, large fluidity shrinking-free grouting material is selected according to the lithology of floor rocks layer, and press the ratio of mud
0.12 ~ 0.20 is added after mixing water fully mixes in grouting material, pours into that bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), angle is bored in bottom plate
In the gap of hole (46) and bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47) and sealing observation cylinder, formed bored grouting body (3)；
Step 7, injecting cement paste hole to be drilled (3), which reach, carries out first bottom plate mining induced fissure observation for 3 days after compression strength, first will be essential
Safety-type inspection instrument for borehole (18) is connect in place by cable (12) with the drilling peeker (53) of data collection host；
Essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18) are passed through the abutment sleeve (13) that outer wall is equipped with anti-wiper ball (14) by step 8, are surround
Three screws (15) of abutment sleeve (13) radially screw in from abutment sleeve (13) outer wall along abutment sleeve (13) respectively, will position
Sleeve (13) is fixed on essential safe type inspection instrument for borehole (18), and makes central axes and the essential safe type of abutment sleeve (13)
The central axes of inspection instrument for borehole (18) are overlapped；Then successively drill (45) in bottom plate low-angle, in bottom plate angular hole-boring (46) and
Slowly decentralization is cased with the drilling of abutment sleeve (13) device in the transparent hollow tube (8) connected in bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47)
Camera is pried through, record pries through video content for the first time in real time for drilling peeker (53), passes through the measurement of transparent hollow tube (8) inner wall
Scale on ruler (4) records wall-rock crack developmental state on bored grouting body (3) in detail；
Step 9 is in exploitation when to back production coal seam (43), and coal working face and bottom plate drilling drill site (41) are at a distance of 1 ~ 2
When periodic weighting step pitch, goaf forms overburden of the goaf fissure zone (48), carries out second of bottom plate at this time and adopts wall-rock crack
Law of development observation repeats the process of step 8, angular hole-boring (46) and bottom plate in record bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), bottom plate
Country rock is split on bored grouting body (3) on the measuring scale (4) of transparent hollow tube (8) in wide-angle drilling (47) at different scales
Gap situation, and this observed result and First Observation result are compared and analyzed, tentatively judge coal seam floor failure during exploitation
Form (51)；
Step 10, when adopting bottom plate drilling drill site (41) position, and overburden of the goaf fissure zone (48) area to back production coal seam (43)
After the stabilization by compaction of domain, stope drift active workings (42) become no coal column gob side entry retaining (50) at this time, no coal column gob side entry retaining (50) with it is mined out
It is used as top plate roadside support using roadside support body (49) between area's overlying strata fissure zone (48), third time bottom plate is carried out and adopts country rock
The observation of cranny development rule repeats the process of step 7- step 8, angular hole-boring in record bottom plate low-angle drilling (45), bottom plate
(46) the bored grouting body on the measuring scale (4) of the transparent hollow tube (8) and in bottom plate wide-angle drilling (47) at different scales
(3) wall-rock crack situation on, and by this observed result with compared and analyzed for the first time with second of observed result, delineation is produced coal
Coal seam floor failure form (52) after layer exploitation.
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