CN113203533A - Method and equipment for verifying support body of roadway with large rock burst - Google Patents
Method and equipment for verifying support body of roadway with large rock burst Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and equipment for testing the effect of a supporting body of a roadway with large rock burst, in particular comprising the following steps of determining a detection area, determining a detection position, marking a detection point, installing a vibration detection device, and processing and inspecting after installation, wherein the equipment mainly comprises vibration detection equipment and water pressure humidity detection equipment, the vibration detection equipment and the water pressure humidity detection equipment are both arranged near a grouting anchor rod of the supporting body, the vibration detection equipment and the water pressure humidity detection equipment are both composed of a supporting installation rod and a detection probe arranged on the supporting installation rod, a larger energy wave generated in the underground blasting, blasting and coal mining blasting process can well simulate the rock burst impact of a ground rock stratum, well detect and verify the impact resistance of a monitoring and verifying area, and fully utilize the energy generated by blasting in actual production to verify and early warn the supporting body condition, the safety of the underground operation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and equipment for testing the effectiveness of a support body by using blasting vibration, belongs to the field of underground testing equipment, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for testing the effectiveness of a support body of a roadway with large rock burst.
Background
Blasting coal breakage is also called blasting coal mining, and is a main process in a blasting coal mining process. The blasting coal breakage comprises the working procedures of drilling, charging, filling stemming, connecting blasting lines, detonating and the like. The specified progress is required to be ensured, the working face is straight, top coal and bottom coal are not left, a top plate is not damaged, a strut is not collapsed, a working face conveyor is not collapsed and turned over, and the consumption of explosives and detonators is reduced as much as possible. Therefore, drilling and blasting parameters including shot hole arrangement, angle, depth, charge amount, the number of shot holes detonated at one time and blasting order are determined accurately according to the hardness, thickness, joint and crack development degree of a coal seam and the condition of a top plate, and due to the fact that energy waves generated in the blasting and vibrating process are large, ground pressure impact of underground and underground ground layers can be simulated well, and a brand-new supporting body testing method and device are provided in combination with the existing underground roadway supporting body testing mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for testing a supporting body of a tunnel with large rock burst, which can generate larger energy waves to well simulate the rock burst of a ground stratum in the process of blasting, blasting and coal mining blasting in an underground blasting manner, well detect and check the impact resistance of a monitoring and checking area, and simultaneously can be carried out simultaneously with the original tunnel monitoring mode in the process of data acquisition, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency, fully utilizing the energy generated by blasting in actual production to carry out checking and early warning on the supporting condition of the supporting body, ensuring the safety of underground operation and effectively solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a supporting body validation method for a roadway with large rock burst specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining a detection area, wherein a specific selected position is 50-100 meters away from a current blasting point;
the second step is that: determining the detection position, namely setting a first detection position at a position which is 3 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence, and setting a second detection position at a position which is 6 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence in a region which is 80-100 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point;
the third step: marking detection points, namely selecting positions 0.75-2 meters away from the ground and the top positions of the left side and the right side of the underground roadway as specific detection points at the detection positions determined in the second step, and marking by adopting paint or a marker pen;
the fourth step: installing a vibration detection device, namely drilling and installing at the specific detection point position determined in the third step, and respectively installing vibration detection equipment and water pressure humidity detection equipment at the specific detection point position to detect blasting vibration in the detection area in real time;
the fifth step: and (3) after installation, the support position of the installation position of the drilled hole is reinforced, a special worker of a shift is required to monitor during blasting operation, and the accuracy of data is ensured.
In the first step and the second step, the current blasting point refers to an underground blasting coal falling position or an underground roadway tunneling blasting position.
The concrete detection point position selected in the third step needs a grouting anchor rod close to the support body.
In the fourth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. determining the diameter and depth of a drilled hole at a specific detection point according to the sizes of the vibration detection equipment and the water pressure humidity detection equipment;
B. installing vibration detection equipment and water pressure humidity detection equipment at the position where the drilling of the specific detection point is finished, and ensuring that the vibration detection equipment and the water pressure humidity detection equipment are not loosened after the installation is finished;
C. and debugging is carried out after the vibration detection equipment and the water pressure humidity detection equipment are installed, and the debugging result meets the requirements of the underground blasting vibration detection standard.
The utility model provides a tunnel that rock burst is big prop up and protect body effect equipment, more specifically for utilizing the effect equipment of the prop up body that the vibrations that explode detected, including vibrations check out test set, water pressure humidity check out test set, vibrations check out test set, water pressure humidity check out test set all set up near the slip casting stock of a body, vibrations check out test set, water pressure humidity check out test set constitute by supporting the installation pole and setting up the test probe from supporting the installation pole.
Wherein, be provided with stock tip vibrations test probe, the inside vibrations test probe of stock, support layer vibrations test probe, the inside vibrations test probe of country rock on the vibrations check out test set, just stock tip vibrations test probe, the inside vibrations test probe of stock, support layer vibrations test probe, the inside vibrations test probe of country rock all set up on the support installation pole on vibrations test set.
Wherein, prop up inside the sheath vibrations test probe setting at the body of supporting, stock tip vibrations test probe sets up and is in the inside one end in tunnel at first slip casting stock, the inside vibrations test probe setting of stock is in country rock one side at first slip casting stock, the inside vibrations test probe setting of country rock is inside at the country rock.
The tip that water pressure humidity check out test set stretched into country rock one side is provided with water pressure test probe, water pressure humidity check out test set stretches into country rock one side and is provided with humidity test probe, just humidity test probe, water pressure test probe all set up on water pressure humidity check out test set's support installation pole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the difference of distance from a blasting point, the borne blasting energy waves are different, wherein on the basis of the original formed roadway monitoring mode (namely, a cross point distribution method is adopted for observation, a group of observation points are distributed at intervals of 3 meters, the main observation contents comprise two sides moving close amount, top plate sinking amount, floor heave amount and the like), a detection point with smaller density is arranged in a position area close to the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining blasting point, a detection point with larger density is arranged in a position far away from the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining point, the generated larger energy wave can well simulate the ground pressure impact of a ground bed during the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining blasting process, the monitoring and checking area can be well subjected to impact resistance detection and checking, meanwhile, the detection and checking can be carried out simultaneously with the original roadway monitoring mode during the data acquisition process, and the working efficiency can be effectively improved, the energy generated by blasting in actual production is fully utilized to carry out verification and early warning on the supporting condition of the supporting body, so that the safety of underground operation is ensured;
2. the support layer vibration detection probe, the anchor rod internal vibration detection probe, the surrounding rock internal vibration detection probe and the anchor rod end vibration detection probe are respectively used for detecting the support layer vibration, the internal anchor rod vibration, the surrounding rock internal vibration and the anchor rod end vibration at the current detection point position, and the real-time support condition of the support layer is fed back by detecting the vibration conditions at the positions, so that the actual use condition of the support layer is pre-warned according to the vibration during blasting and blasting coal dropping, prediction and pre-warning are carried out before the support body needs to be strengthened and supported, and the safety of underground operation is better ensured;
3. the humidity detection probe and the water pressure detection probe are respectively used for detecting the humidity change and the water pressure change of the surrounding rock stratum, various emergency situations caused by the water pressure of the surrounding rock stratum and the softening of the surrounding rock are concerned in real time in the blasting and blasting simulation process, the support body is reinforced by adopting the existing measures according to actual situations, and various emergency situations caused by the water pressure and the softening of the surrounding rock due to the underground surrounding rock ground pressure impact can be well dealt with.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of an underground roadway in the actual working process of the supporting body testing method and the supporting body testing device for the roadway with large rock burst.
Fig. 2 is a supporting structure diagram of an underground supporting roadway of the supporting body validation method and the equipment for the roadway with large rock burst.
Fig. 3 is a tunnel deformation observation diagram of the supporting body inspection method and apparatus for a tunnel with a large rock burst according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of an installation position of a supporting body inspection device of a roadway with large rock burst according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged structural view of a part a of fig. 4 of a supporting body inspection apparatus for a roadway with a large rock burst according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of a vibration detecting device of a supporting body testing device for a roadway with large rock burst according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a structural view of a hydraulic pressure humidity detection device of a support body inspection device for a roadway with large rock burst according to the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. supporting a roadway underground; 2. a support layer of an underground roadway; 3. a first slip casting anchor rod; 4. a second slip casting anchor rod; 5. a bottom supporting layer; 6. a drainage ditch; 7. water pressure humidity detection equipment; 8. a shock detection device; 9. a support layer vibration detection probe; 10. a vibration detection probe inside the anchor rod; 11. a surrounding rock internal vibration detection probe; 12. the end part of the anchor rod shakes the detection probe; 13. a humidity detection probe; 14. and a water pressure detection probe.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, in the actual underground blasting and blasting coal mining process, a pre-supporting mode is adopted for the position close to the underground blasting and blasting coal mining explosion point, the length of a pre-supporting area of an underground roadway is about 50 meters generally, and an existing supporting structure is continuously built in the area far away from the underground blasting and blasting coal mining explosion point, so that an area from 50-100 meters is selected as an effective detection and verification area, because the distance from the explosion point is different, the borne explosion energy waves are different, here, a group of observation points are arranged on the basis of the original formed roadway monitoring mode (namely, a cross point arrangement method is adopted for observation, a group of observation points are arranged at intervals of 3 meters, and the main observation contents comprise two-side moving close amount, top plate sinking amount, bottom heave amount and the like), a position area close to the underground blasting and blasting coal mining explosion point is selected to be provided with detection points with smaller density, the detection points with high density are arranged at the positions far away from the underground blasting coal mining explosion points, the generated large energy waves can well simulate ground pressure impact of a ground bed layer in the underground blasting coal mining explosion process, impact resistance of a monitoring and checking area is well detected and checked, meanwhile, the data acquisition process can be carried out simultaneously with an original roadway monitoring mode, and the working efficiency can be effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the supporting structure of the underground supporting roadway 1 mainly comprises an underground roadway supporting layer 2, a first grouting anchor rod 3, a second grouting anchor rod 4, a bottom supporting layer 5 and a drainage ditch 6 arranged on the bottom supporting layer 5, wherein the first grouting anchor rod 3 and the second grouting anchor rod 4 are used for better supporting, the bottom supporting layer 5 is used for better supporting the bottom and the upper, and the drainage ditch 6 is used for draining and relieving pressure.
In the actual underground working process, the underground actual environment condition is combined, the roadway support adopts a strong and tough sealing layer support, and the concrete support structure is as follows:
a. top and upper
Four spraying layers with the total thickness of 250mm, wherein one spraying layer is a primary spraying layer and is supported by spraying concrete with the thickness of 80 mm;
the second spraying layer and the third spraying layer are supported by adopting anchor spraying and steel wire rope combination, the anchor rods adopt M24L2400mm equal-strength anchor rods, the row spacing of anchor rod plants is 700mm multiplied by 700mm, the two layers of anchor rods are arranged in a staggered mode, the row spacing of the total plants is 350mm multiplied by 350mm, the steel wire ropes are arranged in a criss-cross mode, and the arrangement specification is the same as that of the anchor rods; the two-spraying-layer guniting thickness is 60mm, and the three-spraying-layer guniting thickness is 60 m.
The four spraying layers are supported by combining anchor grouting and metal mesh, the anchor rod is a phi 25L2600 (2800) mm end anchor grouting anchor rod, the metal mesh is a reinforcing steel bar square grid (phi 6mm reinforcing steel bars), the mesh specification is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the spraying thickness is 50mm, and all sprayed concrete labels are not less than C15.
b. Bottom part
Three spraying layers with the total thickness of 200 mm. The first spraying layer is a primary spraying layer and is supported by spraying concrete, and the thickness of the first spraying layer is 80 mm;
and the second spraying layer adopts anchor grouting support, the grouting anchor rod has the same model and the thickness of the guniting is 60 mm. All sprayed concrete labels are not less than C15.
The three spraying layers are supported by combining anchor grouting and metal mesh, the anchor rod is a phi 25L2200mm type end-anchored grouting anchor rod, the metal mesh is a reinforcing steel bar square grid (phi 6mm reinforcing steel bars), the mesh specification is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and the spraying thickness is 50 mm.
In the roadway construction process and after construction, daily mine pressure monitoring and monitoring work must be done, and by observing the roadway, roadway deformation and the working state of the anchor rod can be mastered so as to verify or optimize the supporting design and ensure the safety of roadway support. The convergence deformation and the anchor rod stress observation of the roadway should be carried out during the primary supporting, the convergence deformation observation should be carried out during the whole service period of the shoulder embarkation mission of the roadway after the secondary supporting, and the monitoring is an important link of the dynamic supporting and the dynamic management of the whole process.
For monitoring the anchor rod in the construction process, a small class self-inspection system, a district inspection system, a team inspection system and a company and mine spot inspection system are adopted, and the main inspection contents comprise anchor rod anchoring force, initial anchor force, anchor rod angle, metal mesh lap joint, steel wire rope joint and the like. The original record is required to be made by filling the form, and the record must be real and reliable and cannot be changed randomly.
When monitoring original tunnel, can carry out the while to the condition of supporting the body when blasting vibrations, require that the class establishes special messenger to monitor during the blasting operation to ensure the accuracy of data.
As shown in fig. 3, the map is a map of roadway deformation by a cross-point distribution method. In the figure, A, B, C, D four measuring points are arranged in the same roadway section to form a group of measuring points, and each 3 m of the roadway is provided with a group of measuring points. The measuring points A and B control the relative moving amount of two sides of the roadway; c and A, B measure points control the sinking amount of the roadway roof; d, controlling the floor heave amount of the roadway by measuring points of A, B; and C and D measuring points control the relative approach amount of the top and bottom plates of the roadway.
As shown in figure 4, due to the adoption of the supporting mode, the main stress points of the underground roadway are at the upper part and the bottom part, and the vibration detection device 8 and the water pressure humidity detection device 7 are selected to be installed at the positions near the A, B, C, D measuring point in figure 3, so that the detection and the data recording are convenient, and the damage to the structure of the finished supporting body is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, this prop up a protection body effect equipment based on vibration detection of blasting, including vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7, vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7 all set up near the slip casting stock of propping up the protection body, vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7 constitute by supporting the installation pole and setting up the test probe from supporting the installation pole.
As shown in fig. 6, be provided with anchor rod tip vibrations test probe 12, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of anchor rod, support layer vibrations test probe 9, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock on the vibrations check out test set 8, just on anchor rod tip vibrations test probe 12, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of anchor rod, support layer vibrations test probe 9, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock all set up the support installation pole on vibrations test set 8, support layer vibrations test probe 9 and set up inside the support layer of a support body, anchor rod tip vibrations test probe 12 sets up and is in the inside one end in tunnel at first slip casting stock 3, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of anchor rod sets up and is in country rock one side at first slip casting stock 3, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock sets up inside the country rock.
Wherein, support layer vibrations test probe 9, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of stock, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock, stock tip vibrations test probe 12 is used for detecting the support layer vibrations of current check point position respectively, inside stock vibrations, the inside vibrations of country rock and the tip vibrations that the stock is located the tunnel, the real-time supporting condition of supporting layer is fed back to the vibrations condition through detecting these positions, thereby vibrations when blasting the coal breakage come the actual use condition of early warning support layer, carry out the prediction early warning before need strengthen supporting to the support body, the safety of borehole operation is better guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 7, the end of the water pressure humidity detection device 7 extending into one side of the surrounding rock is provided with a water pressure detection probe 14, the water pressure humidity detection device 7 extending into one side of the surrounding rock is provided with a humidity detection probe 13, and the humidity detection probe 13 and the water pressure detection probe 14 are both arranged on the support installation rod of the water pressure humidity detection device 7.
For the fault-passing roadway under the states of water content, crushing, argillization and asymmetric stress of the actual underground surrounding rock stratum, the following process criteria are highly emphasized:
firstly, short-section tunneling and short-section supporting are combined to ensure the stability of the supporting and leave sufficient space for parallel operation.
Secondly, the construction of weak, broken and rheological surrounding rock bodies adopts a tunneling and supporting method based on the principle of firstly going up and then down (namely firstly going up a half-circular arch and then going down a half-wall). The large section can adopt a half-side excavated rough section and a half-side timely supporting, even adopts a supporting mode of continuously expanding from point to block to control the collapse and rib spalling to bring unnecessary potential safety hazards.
Thirdly, for extremely weak, broken and rheological water-bearing rock strata, construction is carried out by adopting a method of pre-grouting in advance, and all broken zones are subjected to layered grouting and then tunneling and supporting.
And fourthly, the strong and tough spraying layer is used as an important supporting unit, strict construction is carried out, the quality is ensured, a foundation is laid for parallel operation of each supporting unit in the later period, and safe construction is ensured.
And fifthly, immediately sealing the surface of the surrounding rock after the surrounding rock with the fault zone is excavated out of the barren section, and quickly implementing two-level support of the strong and tough sprayed layer (namely three-level guniting, two-level high-strength anchor rods and two-level steel wire rope laying), thereby laying a foundation for timely releasing and blocking horizontal stress and asymmetric stress of the surrounding rock by excavating the pressure relief groove and ensuring safe construction and effective support.
The straight water guide of the combination of the dense small water guide holes and the water guide holes is adopted for the first time, so that the safe construction under the water pressure-free environment is ensured, and the small plate displacement flow argillized rock mass ensures the normal operation of the support; the technology of constructing the strong supporting ring body at the bottom of the large plate ensures that the supporting body controls the complex stress in the broken layer section, and realizes the long-term stability of the roadway support in the states of high confined water, argillization rheology and asymmetric stress.
1. The fault zone structure, position and hydrological condition are obtained through advanced detection key technologies of geological radar and drilling, and practical and reliable basis is provided for supporting design and supporting process research and development of projects.
2. The key hydrophobic technology comprises the following steps: and for the centralized water outlet, the guide tunnel is adopted for draining water, and in a large-range water spraying area, the guide pipe drainage technology is adopted, namely, the centralized water guiding and the dispersed water guiding are combined, so that the threat of the large water spraying to the safety of constructors and the guarantee of the supporting quality are effectively controlled, the normal construction of tunneling and supporting is realized, and the integral quality of the supporting is guaranteed.
3. By arranging the double-layer grouting anchor rods with different angles in advance, the roadway surrounding rock is grouted in advance so as to achieve key technical innovation of plugging water and strengthening the roadway surrounding rock.
4. The high-strength self-fixing, compact self-sealing and rapid internal self-closing pressure-control grouting anchor rod strongly concretes a body of the grouting anchor rod in surrounding rocks, when grouting pressure promotes grouting slurry to reach a saturated state in surrounding rock cracks, a check valve in the grouting anchor rod is immediately self-closed, the high value of grouting pressure in the shallow surrounding rocks is achieved, the high stress difference at the deep part is effectively balanced, and the key technology of slowing down the supporting pressure of a supporting ring body is realized.
5. The plate replacement technology is innovatively applied: the technology of replacing the broken argillized rock mass gradually by small plates is applied, the supporting technology from point to line and from line to surface is applied, the problem that the supporting quality is difficult to ensure due to water burst and serious argillization parts in a fault zone is solved, the problem of asymmetric stress is solved by adopting a large plate bottom plate, and the quality and the uniform bearing capacity of the whole supporting body are ensured.
The humidity detection probe 13 and the water pressure detection probe 14 are respectively used for detecting the humidity change and the water pressure change of the surrounding rock stratum, the water pressure of the surrounding rock stratum and various emergency situations caused by surrounding rock softening are paid attention to in real time in the blasting and blasting simulation process, and the support body is reinforced by adopting the measures according to actual situations.
A method and equipment for verifying a supporting body of a roadway with large rock burst specifically comprise the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining a detection area, wherein a specific selected position is 50-100 meters away from a current blasting point;
the second step is that: determining the detection position, namely setting a first detection position at a position which is 3 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence, and setting a second detection position at a position which is 6 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence in a region which is 80-100 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point;
the third step: marking detection points, namely selecting positions 0.75-2 meters away from the ground and the top positions of the left side and the right side of the underground roadway as specific detection points at the detection positions determined in the second step, and marking by adopting paint or a marker pen;
the fourth step: installing a vibration detection device, namely drilling and installing at the specific detection point position determined in the third step, and respectively installing a vibration detection device 8 and a water pressure humidity detection device 7 at the specific detection point position to detect blasting vibration in the detection area in real time;
the fifth step: and (3) after installation, the support position of the installation position of the drilled hole is reinforced, a special worker of a shift is required to monitor during blasting operation, and the accuracy of data is ensured.
In this embodiment, in the first step and the second step, the current blasting point refers to a coal dropping position of downhole blasting or a tunneling blasting position of downhole roadway blasting.
In this embodiment, the specific detection point position selected in the third step requires a grouting bolt close to the supporting body.
In this embodiment, the fourth step specifically includes the following steps:
A. determining the diameter and depth of the drilled hole at the specific detection point according to the sizes of the vibration detection device 8 and the water pressure humidity detection device 7;
B. installing the vibration detection equipment 8 and the water pressure humidity detection equipment 7 at the position where the drilling of the specific detection point is finished, and ensuring that the vibration detection equipment 8 and the water pressure humidity detection equipment 7 are not loosened after the installation is finished;
C. and debugging is carried out after the vibration detection equipment 8 and the water pressure humidity detection equipment 7 are installed, and the debugging result meets the requirements of the underground blasting vibration detection standard.
The utility model provides a supporting body effect test equipment in tunnel that rock burst is big, includes vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7, vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7 all set up near the slip casting stock of supporting the body, vibrations check out test set 8, water pressure humidity check out test set 7 constitute by supporting the installation pole and setting up the test probe from supporting the installation pole.
In this embodiment, be provided with stock tip vibrations test probe 12, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of stock, support layer vibrations test probe 9, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock on the vibrations check out test set 8, just stock tip vibrations test probe 12, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of stock, support layer vibrations test probe 9, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock all set up on the support installation pole on vibrations check out test set 8.
In this embodiment, a sheath vibrations test probe 9 sets up inside the sheath of a support body, stock tip vibrations test probe 12 sets up and is in the inside one end in tunnel at first slip casting stock 3, the inside vibrations test probe 10 of stock sets up and is in country rock one side at first slip casting stock 3, the inside vibrations test probe 11 of country rock sets up inside the country rock.
In this embodiment, the tip that water pressure humidity check out test set 7 stretched into country rock one side is provided with water pressure test probe 14, water pressure humidity check out test set 7 stretches into country rock one side and is provided with humidity test probe 13, just humidity test probe 13, water pressure test probe 14 all set up on water pressure humidity check out test set 7's support installation pole.
By adopting the technical scheme: in the process of blasting, blasting and coal mining blasting in the underground blasting, the generated large energy wave can well simulate ground pressure impact of a ground stratum, a monitoring and checking area can be well subjected to impact resistance for detection and checking, meanwhile, the data acquisition process can be carried out simultaneously with an original roadway monitoring mode, the working efficiency can be effectively improved, the energy generated by blasting in actual production is fully utilized for carrying out checking and early warning on the supporting condition of a supporting body, and the safety of underground operation is ensured.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the same method is adopted for detecting the underground tunneling blasting, the anchor rod end vibration detection probe 12, the anchor rod internal vibration detection probe 10, the support layer vibration detection probe 9, the surrounding rock internal vibration detection probe 11, the humidity detection probe 13 and the water pressure detection probe 14 are all connected with external corresponding detectors, and for the strength change of the support body, the following measures are specifically adopted for supporting and reinforcing:
the principle of using the surrounding rock as a supporting body is as follows: on the basis of continuously improving the self strength of the surrounding rock, a loose surrounding rock circle after the roadway is excavated is changed from a loading body to a real bearing body and becomes a unit of a supporting body, which is the core idea and principle for realizing active supporting.
The mechanical property of the surrounding rock is improved by various means, and the aims of changing the surrounding rock from loosening to a consolidated whole, changing the surrounding rock from broken loosening to soft and homogeneous, and changing the low potential energy band to a potential energy-containing voltage stabilizing band are fulfilled. The main technology comprises the following steps:
pressure stabilizing and reserving grouting technology: and injecting pressurized slurry into the surrounding rock to fully bond the surrounding rock, maintaining a certain pressure and enhancing the external force resistance of the surrounding rock.
Multilayer anchor rod technology: and the multi-layer anchor rods are arranged in the rock body, so that the density of the surrounding rock is increased, and the mechanical state of the surrounding rock is improved. And the multi-layer grouting anchor rods are arranged in the surrounding rock at different depths, and the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods on each layer are hung with mutually connected steel wire ropes and sprayed with concrete to form a multi-spraying-layer seal. The multi-layer anchor rods are matched with the multi-spraying layer sealing layers, and each spraying layer is combined with the respective anchor rod.
The multi-level anchor rod increases the combined quantity density of the anchor rod in the unit rock mass, and the grout is injected for a plurality of times under pressure to fully bond the anchor rod, so that the new combination body takes the anchor rod and the bond matrix surrounding rock as main bodies, the situation of low tensile strength and low shear strength of the surrounding rock can be further overcome, the original heterogeneous, discontinuous and anisotropic rock mass groups are constructed into a homogeneous, isotropic and continuous high-strength novel rock mass, and the supporting effect is improved.
Soft rock replacement technology: according to the characteristics that the roadway under the conditions of high confined water, fault fracture zone, argillization and asymmetric stress generally has the characteristics of buried deep and high ground stress, argillization rheology, extremely soft fracture, easy caving and the like, the characteristics cause the fracture, deformation and rheology of rock mass under the complex stress state, and the roadway supporting pressure is extremely high. The reasonable replacement technology is adopted, the weak parts such as extremely soft rocks, rocks with rich cracks, rocks loosened under the action of external force and the like are replaced by sprayed concrete, and a surrounding rock body is constructed into a homogeneous, homogeneous and continuous supporting ring body with greatly improved compression strength, tensile strength and shear strength by matching with a subsequent anchor rod and grouting technology.
Gap exciting technology: the cracks in the surrounding rock are excited through manual excavation, blasting vibration and other modes, a channel is provided for slurry flowing, and the grouting effect is more sufficient. The central link of the anchor-grouting support technology is to realize the reinforcement of the surrounding rock body by injecting slurry capable of cementing and breaking rock into the surrounding rock cracks, so that the effect that the cracks and cleavage surfaces of the rock are excited in practice is better, and the cementing strength of the surrounding rock is higher.
Self-sealing, self-fixing, self-closing in, pressure-controlled grouting anchor rod: the traditional grouting guide pipe is improved, so that the grouting guide pipe has the functions of self installation and fixation, automatic sealing and automatic pressure retention in grouting. The complicated construction process of the common grouting anchor rod is simplified, the anchoring agent and the closed gate valve are saved, the key technical problem that the common grouting anchor rod is difficult to retain pressure and stabilize pressure is solved, the supporting effect that the pressure stabilization and the retained pressure grouting are fully cemented with the surrounding rock, the range of a supporting ring is expanded, and the strength of the surrounding rock is improved is ensured.
It should be noted that the invention relates to a method and a device for testing a supporting body of a roadway with large rock burst, compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the difference of distance from a blasting point, the borne blasting energy waves are different, wherein on the basis of the original formed roadway monitoring mode (namely, a cross point distribution method is adopted for observation, a group of observation points are distributed at intervals of 3 meters, the main observation contents comprise two sides moving close amount, top plate sinking amount, floor heave amount and the like), a detection point with smaller density is arranged in a position area close to the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining blasting point, a detection point with larger density is arranged in a position far away from the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining point, the generated larger energy wave can well simulate the ground pressure impact of a ground bed during the underground blasting and blasting coal-mining blasting process, the monitoring and checking area can be well subjected to impact resistance detection and checking, meanwhile, the detection and checking can be carried out simultaneously with the original roadway monitoring mode during the data acquisition process, and the working efficiency can be effectively improved, the energy generated by blasting in actual production is fully utilized to carry out verification and early warning on the supporting condition of the supporting body, so that the safety of underground operation is ensured;
2. the supporting layer vibration detection probe 9, the anchor rod internal vibration detection probe 10, the surrounding rock internal vibration detection probe 11 and the anchor rod end vibration detection probe 12 are respectively used for detecting supporting layer vibration, internal anchor rod vibration, surrounding rock internal vibration and end vibration of an anchor rod in a roadway at the current detection point position, and the real-time supporting condition of a supporting layer is fed back by detecting the vibration conditions of the positions, so that the actual use condition of the supporting layer is pre-warned according to the vibration during blasting and coal dropping, prediction and early warning are carried out before a supporting body needs to be strengthened and supported, and the safety of underground operation is better guaranteed;
3. the humidity detection probe 13 and the water pressure detection probe 14 are respectively used for detecting the humidity change and the water pressure change of the surrounding rock stratum, various emergency situations caused by the water pressure of the surrounding rock stratum and the softening of the surrounding rock are paid attention to in real time in the blasting and blasting simulation process, the support body is reinforced by adopting the existing measures according to actual situations, and various emergency situations caused by the water pressure and the softening of the surrounding rock due to the underground surrounding rock ground pressure impact can be well dealt with.
Claims (8)
1. A supporting body validation method for a roadway with large rock burst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining a detection area, wherein a specific selected position is 50-100 meters away from a current blasting point;
the second step is that: determining the detection position, namely setting a first detection position at a position which is 3 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence, and setting a second detection position at a position which is 6 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point in sequence in a region which is 80-100 meters away from the current blasting and blasting point;
the third step: marking detection points, namely selecting positions 0.75-2 meters away from the ground and the top positions of the left side and the right side of the underground roadway as specific detection points at the detection positions determined in the second step, and marking by adopting paint or a marker pen;
the fourth step: installing a vibration detection device, namely drilling and installing at the specific detection point position determined in the third step, and respectively installing a vibration detection device (8) and a water pressure humidity detection device (7) at the specific detection point position to detect blasting vibration in the detection area in real time;
the fifth step: and (3) after installation, the support position of the installation position of the drilled hole is reinforced, a special worker of a shift is required to monitor during blasting operation, and the accuracy of data is ensured.
2. The method for verifying the supporting body of the tunnel with the large rock burst according to claim 1, wherein in the first step and the second step, the current blasting explosion point is a coal dropping position of underground blasting or a tunneling explosion position of the underground tunnel.
3. A supporting body validation method for a roadway with high earth pressure according to claim 1, wherein the specific detection point position selected in the third step requires a grouting bolt close to the supporting body.
4. The method for verifying the supporting body of the roadway with the large rock burst according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the diameter and the depth of a drilled hole at a specific detection point according to the sizes of the vibration detection device (8) and the water pressure humidity detection device (7);
the vibration detection equipment (8) and the water pressure humidity detection equipment (7) are installed at the positions where the drilling of the specific detection points is finished, so that the vibration detection equipment (8) and the water pressure humidity detection equipment (7) are ensured not to be loosened after installation;
C. and after the vibration detection equipment (8) and the water pressure humidity detection equipment (7) are installed, debugging is carried out, and the debugging result meets the underground blasting vibration detection standard.
5. A supporting body validation device according to claim 1, comprising a vibration detection device (8) and a water pressure humidity detection device (7), wherein the vibration detection device (8) and the water pressure humidity detection device (7) are both arranged near a grouting anchor rod of the supporting body, and the vibration detection device (8) and the water pressure humidity detection device (7) are both formed by a supporting installation rod and a detection probe arranged on the supporting installation rod.
6. The equipment of claim 5, a supporting body effect in tunnel that rock burst is big is equipped with stock tip vibrations test probe (12), stock inside vibrations test probe (10), supporting layer vibrations test probe (9), surrounding rock inside vibrations test probe (11) on vibrations test equipment (8), just stock tip vibrations test probe (12), stock inside vibrations test probe (10), supporting layer vibrations test probe (9), surrounding rock inside vibrations test probe (11) all set up on the support installation pole on vibrations test equipment (8).
7. The equipment of claim 6, a tunnel support body effect test equipment that rock burst is big, characterized in that, support layer vibrations test probe (9) set up inside the support layer of support body, stock tip vibrations test probe (12) set up and are in the inside one end in tunnel at first slip casting stock (3), the inside vibrations test probe (10) of stock set up and are in country rock one side at first slip casting stock (3), the inside vibrations test probe (11) of country rock sets up inside the country rock.
8. The supporting body effect testing device for the roadway with the large rock burst according to claim 5, wherein a water pressure detection probe (14) is arranged at the end part of the water pressure humidity detection device (7) extending into one side of the surrounding rock, a humidity detection probe (13) is arranged at the side of the water pressure humidity detection device (7) extending into the surrounding rock, and the humidity detection probe (13) and the water pressure detection probe (14) are both arranged on a supporting installation rod of the water pressure humidity detection device (7).
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