CN104198097B - A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104198097B CN104198097B CN201410468086.0A CN201410468086A CN104198097B CN 104198097 B CN104198097 B CN 104198097B CN 201410468086 A CN201410468086 A CN 201410468086A CN 104198097 B CN104198097 B CN 104198097B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stripes
- tube
- reflective
- elastic structure
- white
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置及监测方法，属于采矿工程领域。该装置包括弹性结构和显示装置，所述弹性结构为弹簧，弹簧套在锚杆上，弹簧上端连接调心垫，下端连接螺母；所述显示装置包括遮光筒和反光筒，反光筒与弹簧上端固结，遮光筒与弹簧下端固结，反光筒由具有周期性的白色反光与黑色不反光的条纹组成，遮光筒由具有周期性的白色透明与黑色不透明的条纹组成，反光筒与遮光筒装配后条纹具有m的相位差。通过显示装置将弹性结构受压时产生的毫米级变形量转化为不同的图案，通过观察显示装置的不同图案来判断锚杆的轴向力；考虑到巷道矿井下漆黑的特殊工况，用头灯照射反光条纹就显得格外明显。
The invention discloses a monitoring device and a monitoring method for the axial force of a mine bolt, belonging to the field of mining engineering. The device includes an elastic structure and a display device, the elastic structure is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the anchor rod, the upper end of the spring is connected to the self-aligning pad, and the lower end is connected to the nut; the display device includes a light-shielding tube and a reflective tube, and the reflective tube and the upper end of the spring Consolidation, the shading tube and the lower end of the spring are consolidated, the reflective tube is composed of periodic white reflective and black non-reflective stripes, the shading tube is composed of periodic white transparent and black opaque stripes, the reflective tube and the shading tube are assembled The rear fringes have a phase difference of m. Through the display device, the millimeter-level deformation generated when the elastic structure is compressed is converted into different patterns, and the axial force of the bolt can be judged by observing the different patterns of the display device; Reflective stripes are particularly noticeable when illuminated by lights.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置及监测方法，属于采矿工程领域。The invention relates to a monitoring device and a monitoring method for the axial force of a mine bolt, belonging to the field of mining engineering.
背景技术Background technique
岩土锚固技术是指采用锚杆或者锚索对岩土体进行加固的技术。能够及时、准确的对大量锚杆锚固力进行监测对于锚固工程的安全具有十分重要的意义。传统的矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置分两类，一种使用电源，如应变片式，利用锚杆的应变来检测锚杆的应力，但由于需要电源，安全管理复杂。另一类不需要电源，有液压式、压感纸式,液压式是由液压压力盒和压力表组成，通过观察压力表的值来判断锚杆所受的载荷，但其结构复杂，制造维护成本高，体积大，不宜大规模使用；压感纸式是通过观察筒子上压感纸颜色的长度来判断轴向力，但是周向分布的压感纸颜色长度不一，很难辨别。Rock and soil anchoring technology refers to the technology of using anchor rods or anchor cables to reinforce rock and soil. It is very important for the safety of anchoring engineering to be able to monitor the anchoring force of a large number of bolts in time and accurately. There are two types of traditional mine bolt axial force monitoring devices. One uses a power supply, such as a strain gauge type, which uses the strain of the bolt to detect the stress of the bolt. However, due to the need for a power supply, the safety management is complicated. The other type does not need power supply, there are hydraulic type and pressure-sensitive paper type. The hydraulic type is composed of a hydraulic pressure box and a pressure gauge. The load on the anchor rod can be judged by observing the value of the pressure gauge, but its structure is complex and difficult to manufacture and maintain. The cost is high, the volume is large, and it is not suitable for large-scale use; the pressure-sensitive paper type judges the axial force by observing the length of the color of the pressure-sensitive paper on the bobbin, but the color and length of the pressure-sensitive paper distributed in the circumferential direction are different, which is difficult to distinguish.
因此，需要一种低成本、高可靠性、无需电源、适合大规模安装使用的监测装置，通过大规模安装该装置，可以实现人人均能检测巷道安全，大大提高巷道安全性能。Therefore, there is a need for a monitoring device with low cost, high reliability, no power supply, and suitable for large-scale installation. Through large-scale installation of the device, everyone can detect roadway safety and greatly improve roadway safety performance.
中国专利CN203452813U公开了一种通过观察高强弹簧的位移来判断轴向力的方案，但是由于位移太小，直接通过肉眼观察变形量来判断锚杆的轴向力非常困难。Chinese patent CN203452813U discloses a scheme for judging the axial force by observing the displacement of a high-strength spring, but because the displacement is too small, it is very difficult to judge the axial force of the bolt directly by visually observing the amount of deformation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在提供一种矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置及监测方法，本文提出了一种由显示装置与弹性结构组成的锚杆轴向力监测装置，通过显示装置将弹性结构受压时产生的毫米级变形量转化为不同的图案，通过观察显示装置的不同图案来判断锚杆的轴向力。The present invention aims to provide a monitoring device and monitoring method for the axial force of a mine bolt. This paper proposes a monitoring device for the axial force of a bolt consisting of a display device and an elastic structure. The generated millimeter-level deformation is converted into different patterns, and the axial force of the anchor rod can be judged by observing the different patterns of the display device.
根据以上分析综合考虑锚杆轴向力监测装置，采用反光条纹作为显示装置显示的图案。According to the above analysis, the bolt axial force monitoring device is considered comprehensively, and the reflective stripes are used as the pattern displayed by the display device.
本发明提供了一种矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置，包括弹性结构和显示装置，其特征在于：所述弹性结构为弹簧，弹簧套在锚杆上，弹簧上端连接调心垫，下端连接螺母；所述显示装置包括遮光筒和反光筒，反光筒与弹簧上端连接，遮光筒与弹簧下端连接，反光筒由具有周期性的白色反光与黑色不反光的条纹组成，一个周期由宽度为e的白色窄条纹、宽度为w的黑色窄条纹、宽度为q的白色宽条纹、宽度为n+m的黑色宽条纹组成；遮光筒由具有周期性的白色透明与黑色不透明的条纹组成，遮光筒上白色条纹和黑色条纹的宽度相等，一个周期由宽度为n的白色条纹和宽度为n的黑色条纹组成；反光筒与遮光筒装配后条纹具有m的相位差。The invention provides a monitoring device for the axial force of a mine bolt, which includes an elastic structure and a display device. nut; the display device includes a shading tube and a reflective tube, the reflective tube is connected to the upper end of the spring, the shading tube is connected to the lower end of the spring, the reflective tube is composed of periodic white reflective and black non-reflective stripes, and a cycle consists of a width of e white narrow stripes with a width of w, black narrow stripes with a width of w, white wide stripes with a width of q, and black wide stripes with a width of n+m; the shading cylinder is composed of periodic white transparent and black opaque stripes, and the shading cylinder The upper white stripes and black stripes have the same width, and a cycle consists of white stripes with a width of n and black stripes with a width of n; the stripes have a phase difference of m after the reflective tube and the shading tube are assembled.
本发明提供了一种采用上述矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置的监测方法，其特征在于：该方法是通过弹性结构产生变形使遮光筒和反光筒产生相对位移，从而出现不同的监测图像来进行监测的。The invention provides a monitoring method using the above-mentioned mine bolt axial force monitoring device, which is characterized in that: the method is to make the relative displacement of the light-shielding cylinder and the reflective cylinder through the deformation of the elastic structure, so that different monitoring images appear. monitored.
所述矿用锚杆轴向力监测方法，具体包括以下步骤：The method for monitoring the axial force of a mine bolt specifically comprises the following steps:
当岩体的应力变化时，岩体对弹性结构的作用力发生变化，当此作用力增加时，弹性结构被压缩，产生变形，使遮光筒与反光筒发生相对位移，形成以下三种状态：When the stress of the rock mass changes, the force of the rock mass on the elastic structure changes. When the force increases, the elastic structure is compressed and deformed, causing the relative displacement of the shading tube and the reflective tube to form the following three states:
(1)I阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷由0到Fa逐渐增大时，弹性结构逐渐被压缩，反光筒逐渐向下平移，白色宽条纹的显示宽度逐渐减小，当载荷达到初锚力Fa时，反光筒向下平移q,宽度为q的白色宽条纹刚好被完全遮住，显示的图像为黑色条纹中间有白色窄条纹；(1) Stage I: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases from 0 to F a , the elastic structure is gradually compressed, the reflector is gradually moved downwards, and the display width of the white wide stripes gradually decreases. When the load reaches the initial anchor When the force F a is applied, the reflector moves downward by q, and the wide white stripes with a width of q are just completely covered, and the displayed image is black stripes with white narrow stripes in the middle;
(2)Ⅱ阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷在Fa到Fb之间逐渐增大时，显示的图像初始保持步骤(1)中的图像，直至反光筒向下位移增量趋近于w,显示的反光条纹宽度e逐渐减小，当载荷达到报警载荷Fb时反光筒向下总位移为b，反光筒的宽度为e的白色窄条纹也刚好全被遮住，显示的图像为全黑条纹，由于w远大于e，因此在Ⅱ阶段的前期阶段大部分时间里保持步骤(1)中的图像；(2) Stage II: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases between F a and F b , the displayed image initially maintains the image in step (1) until the downward displacement increment of the reflector approaches w , the width e of the displayed reflective stripes gradually decreases. When the load reaches the alarm load F b , the total downward displacement of the reflective tube is b, and the narrow white stripes with a width of e of the reflective tube are just completely covered, and the displayed image is full Black stripes, since w is much greater than e, the image in step (1) is maintained most of the time in the early stage of stage II;
(3)Ⅲ阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷在Fb到Fc之间逐渐增大时，由于反光筒与遮光筒相位差为m，显示的图像初始时保持步骤(2)中的图像，直到位移为n，此时锚杆已破断，弹性结构所受载荷变为0，弹性结构轴向位移突变为0，显示的图像由白色窄条纹、黑色窄条纹、白色宽条纹、黑色宽条纹相间组成。( 3 ) Stage III: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases between Fb and Fc, since the phase difference between the reflective tube and the light-shielding tube is m, the displayed image initially remains the image in step (2), Until the displacement is n, the anchor rod is broken at this time, the load on the elastic structure becomes 0, and the axial displacement of the elastic structure suddenly becomes 0, and the displayed image consists of white narrow stripes, black narrow stripes, white wide stripes, and black wide stripes composition.
本监测装置主要监测锚杆的三种受力状态，1、初锚力Fa，提示初锚力已加到位，反光筒位移为q时锚杆轴向力为Fa；2、报警载荷Fb，提示锚杆处于危险状态，反光筒位移为b时锚杆轴向力为Fb；3、锚杆破断后轴向力为0的载荷，用于指示锚杆破断后的或锚固失效状态，此时弹簧形变达到了最大值，反光筒位移为n。锚杆载荷临近破断载荷Fc时，弹性结构轴向位移为n,锚杆承受的载荷达到破断载荷Fc时锚杆断裂，此时弹性结构所受载荷变为0，弹性结构轴向位移突变为0。This monitoring device mainly monitors three stress states of the bolt, 1. The initial anchor force F a , indicating that the initial anchor force has been added in place, and the axial force of the bolt is F a when the displacement of the reflective tube is q; 2. The alarm load F b , indicating that the anchor is in a dangerous state. When the displacement of the reflector is b, the axial force of the anchor is F b ; 3. The load with the axial force of 0 after the anchor breaks is used to indicate the breakage of the anchor or the failure state of the anchor , at this time the deformation of the spring reaches the maximum value, and the displacement of the reflector is n. When the anchor load is close to the breaking load Fc , the axial displacement of the elastic structure is n, and when the load on the anchor reaches the breaking load Fc , the anchor breaks. At this time, the load on the elastic structure becomes 0, and the axial displacement of the elastic structure changes abruptly is 0.
其中在每个周期内条纹宽度参数满足：where the stripe width parameter satisfies in each cycle:
n＝q+w+e+m①n=q+w+e+m①
b＝q+w+e②b＝q+w+e②
本发明装置中各参数的设计原则：The design principles of each parameter in the device of the present invention:
反光筒白色窄条纹的宽度e越大，则Ⅱ阶段和Ⅲ阶段的图像区别越明显，初锚力与报警载荷的条纹越容易区分；反光筒白色宽、窄条纹的宽度差q-e的值越大，则I阶段与Ⅱ阶段的图像区别越明显，初锚力与破断载荷后的载荷Fo越容易区分；反光筒白色宽、窄条纹之间的黑色条纹宽度w越大，则施加初锚力时越方便。The larger the width e of the white narrow stripes of the reflective tube, the more obvious the difference between the images of the second stage and the third stage, and the easier to distinguish the stripes of the initial anchor force and the alarm load; the larger the value of the width difference qe between the white wide and narrow stripes of the reflective tube , the more obvious the difference between the images of stage I and stage II is, the easier it is to distinguish between the initial anchor force and the load F o after the breaking load; the greater the width w of the black stripe between the white wide and narrow stripes of the reflective tube, the greater the initial anchor force more convenient.
由式①，当n增大时，q-e、w、e有机会增大，易于区分显示的三种状态。因此，锚杆载荷临近破断载荷Fc时，弹性结构轴向位移n越大越好。From formula ①, when n increases, qe, w, e have the opportunity to increase, and it is easy to distinguish the three states displayed. Therefore, when the bolt load is close to the breaking load Fc , the larger the axial displacement n of the elastic structure, the better.
本发明的有益效果：通过显示装置将弹性结构受压时产生的毫米级变形量转化为不同的图案，通过观察显示装置的不同图案来判断锚杆的轴向力；考虑到巷道矿井下漆黑的特殊工况，用头灯照射反光条纹就显得格外明显。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the millimeter-level deformation generated when the elastic structure is compressed is converted into different patterns through the display device, and the axial force of the bolt can be judged by observing the different patterns of the display device; In special working conditions, the reflective stripes are particularly obvious when illuminated by headlights.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置的安装示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the mine bolt axial force monitoring device.
图2为矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mine bolt axial force monitoring device.
图3为反光筒的展开示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the reflective tube.
图4为遮光筒的展开示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the light-shielding tube.
图5为锚杆轴向力与弹性结构变形的关系及对应的图像。Figure 5 shows the relationship between the axial force of the anchor rod and the deformation of the elastic structure and the corresponding images.
图6为对合弹性结构的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the combined elastic structure.
图中1为反光筒，2为遮光筒，3为弹簧，4为岩体，5为托盘，6为调心垫，7为锚杆，8为螺母；1.1为白色窄条纹，1.2为黑色窄条纹，1.3为白色宽条纹，1.4为黑色宽条纹；2.1为白色透明条纹，2.2为黑色不透明条纹。In the figure, 1 is the reflective tube, 2 is the shading tube, 3 is the spring, 4 is the rock mass, 5 is the tray, 6 is the self-aligning pad, 7 is the anchor rod, 8 is the nut; 1.1 is the white narrow stripe, 1.2 is the black narrow Stripes, 1.3 is white wide stripes, 1.4 is black wide stripes; 2.1 is white transparent stripes, 2.2 is black opaque stripes.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过实施例来进一步说明本发明，但不局限于以下实施例。The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but not limited to the following examples.
实施例：Example:
首先结合附图说明本发明的矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置的结构：First, the structure of the mine bolt axial force monitoring device of the present invention is illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
如图1、2所示，矿用锚杆轴向力监测装置包括弹性结构和显示装置，所述弹性结构为弹簧3，弹簧3套在锚杆7上，弹簧3上端连接调心垫6，下端连接螺母8；所述显示装置包括遮光筒2和反光筒1，反光筒1与弹簧3上端连接，遮光筒2与弹簧3下端连接；如图3所示，反光筒1由具有周期性的条纹组成，一个周期由宽度为e的白色窄条纹1.1、宽度为w的黑色窄条纹1.2、宽度为q的白色宽条纹1.3、宽度为n+m的黑色宽条纹1.4组成；如图4所示，遮光筒2由具有周期性的白色透明条纹2.1与黑色不透明条纹2.2组成，遮光筒2上白色条纹和黑色条纹的宽度相等，一个周期由宽度为n的白色条纹和宽度为n的黑色条纹组成；反光筒1与遮光筒2装配后条纹具有m的相位差。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mine bolt axial force monitoring device includes an elastic structure and a display device, the elastic structure is a spring 3, the spring 3 is sleeved on the anchor rod 7, and the upper end of the spring 3 is connected to the self-aligning pad 6, The lower end is connected to the nut 8; the display device includes a light-shielding cylinder 2 and a reflective cylinder 1, the light-shielding cylinder 1 is connected to the upper end of the spring 3, and the light-shielding cylinder 2 is connected to the lower end of the spring 3; as shown in Figure 3, the light-shielding cylinder 1 is composed of periodic Composed of stripes, one cycle consists of white narrow stripes 1.1 with width e, black narrow stripes 1.2 with width w, white wide stripes 1.3 with width q, and black wide stripes 1.4 with width n+m; as shown in Figure 4 , the shading cylinder 2 is composed of periodic white transparent stripes 2.1 and black opaque stripes 2.2, the widths of the white stripes and black stripes on the shading cylinder 2 are equal, and a period is composed of white stripes with a width of n and black stripes with a width of n ; The fringes have a phase difference of m after the assembly of the reflective tube 1 and the light-shielding tube 2 .
再结合附图说明本发明的矿用锚杆轴向力监测方法：The mine bolt axial force monitoring method of the present invention is illustrated again in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
(1)锚杆的基本参数：(1) Basic parameters of anchor rods:
本监测装置设计配套的锚杆材质为Q235圆钢，杆体直径为20mm，屈服载荷为7.54t，破断载荷为12t。根据锚杆安装规范，锚杆的初锚力(预紧力)为Fa＝5t；本装置设计报警载荷Fb＝9.5t，相对于破断载荷12t，具有2.5t提前量，以保证在锚杆强度有富余的情况下工作人员能及时发现过载的锚杆。The material of the supporting bolt for this monitoring device is Q 235 round steel, the diameter of the rod body is 20mm, the yield load is 7.54t, and the breaking load is 12t. According to the anchor bolt installation specification, the initial anchor force (pretightening force) of the anchor bolt is F a = 5t; the design alarm load of this device is F b = 9.5t, which has an advance amount of 2.5t relative to the breaking load of 12t, so as to ensure When the strength of the rod is sufficient, the staff can find the overloaded anchor rod in time.
(2)弹性结构的基本参数：(2) Basic parameters of the elastic structure:
弹性结构选用材料为60Si2MnA或50CrVA，其屈服强度为1600MPa。The material selected for the elastic structure is 60Si2MnA or 50CrVA, and its yield strength is 1600MPa.
由于单片弹性结构0.93mm的位移量太小，对弹性结构进行对合装配，增大轴向变形量，采用较多的弹性结构进行对合装配，可以增加条纹宽度，较好地区分显示的图像；但较多弹性结构对合装配，其高度增加，降低了巷道的有效横截面积。因此，采用对合装配弹性结构的数目为能够区分图像时的最小数目。本实施例采用四片弹性结构对合装配。结构尺寸如图6所示，在12t的载荷下对合弹性结构的最大应力为1565Mpa，轴向最大变形量为3.8mm。Since the displacement of 0.93mm of the single-piece elastic structure is too small, the inversion assembly of the elastic structure can increase the axial deformation, and the inversion assembly of more elastic structures can increase the width of the stripes and better distinguish the display Image; however, more elastic structures are assembled, and their height increases, reducing the effective cross-sectional area of the roadway. Therefore, the number of elastic structures adopting inversion is the minimum number when images can be distinguished. In this embodiment, four pieces of elastic structures are combined and assembled. The structural dimensions are shown in Figure 6. Under a load of 12t, the maximum stress of the elastic structure is 1565Mpa, and the maximum axial deformation is 3.8mm.
(3)显示装置的基本参数：(3) The basic parameters of the display device:
由于弹性结构的线弹性，对合弹性结构受载初锚力Fa＝5t时，轴向变形量为1.6mm；受载报警载荷Fb＝9.5t时，轴向变形量为3mm；受载Fc＝12t时，轴向变形量为3.8mm。Due to the linear elasticity of the elastic structure, when the elastic structure is loaded with an initial anchoring force F a =5t, the axial deformation is 1.6mm; when it is loaded with an alarm load Fb =9.5t, the axial deformation is 3mm; When F c =12t, the axial deformation is 3.8mm.
当弹性结构所受载荷由0到Fa＝5t逐渐增大时，弹性结构逐渐被压缩，反光筒逐渐向下平移，白色宽条纹的显示宽度逐渐减小，当载荷达到初锚力Fa时，反光筒向下平移1.6mm,设计期望宽度为q的白色宽条纹刚好被完全遮住，因此，q＝1.6mm；When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases from 0 to F a = 5t, the elastic structure is gradually compressed, the reflective tube gradually moves downward, and the display width of the white wide stripes gradually decreases. When the load reaches the initial anchoring force F a , the reflector moves downward by 1.6mm, and the design expects the wide white stripes with a width of q to be completely covered, therefore, q=1.6mm;
当弹性结构所受载荷由0到F＝9t逐渐增大时，弹性结构逐渐被压缩，反光筒逐渐向下平移，反光筒向下平移3mm,设计期望总宽度为b＝q+w+e的三个条纹刚好被完全遮住，因此，b＝3mm；When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases from 0 to F=9t, the elastic structure is gradually compressed, the reflective tube is gradually translated downward, and the reflective tube is translated downward by 3mm. The expected total width of the design is b=q+w+e The three stripes are just completely covered, therefore, b=3mm;
报警载荷9.5t与锚杆破断载荷间的2.5t提前量，根据弹性结构的线弹性，相当于变形量0.8mm，因此，m＝0.8mm；The advance of 2.5t between the alarm load of 9.5t and the bolt breaking load is equivalent to the deformation of 0.8mm according to the linear elasticity of the elastic structure, therefore, m=0.8mm;
考虑人的眼睛分辨力，确定e＝0.3mm；Considering the resolution of human eyes, determine e=0.3mm;
根据公式①可得n＝b+m＝3.8mmAccording to formula ①, n=b+m=3.8mm can be obtained
根据公式②可得w＝b-q-e＝3-1.6-0.3＝1.1mmAccording to formula ②, w=b-q-e=3-1.6-0.3=1.1mm can be obtained
至此，图3、图4中各参数的尺寸:So far, the size of each parameter in Fig. 3, Fig. 4:
q＝1.6mm，b＝3mm，n＝3.8mm，m＝0.8mm，w＝1.1mm,e＝0.3mmq=1.6mm, b=3mm, n=3.8mm, m=0.8mm, w=1.1mm, e=0.3mm
本发明的监测方法及结果如下：Monitoring method of the present invention and result are as follows:
对岩体施加应力，岩体对弹性结构的作用力发生变化，当此作用力增加时，弹性结构被压缩，产生变形，使遮光筒与反光筒发生相对位移，形成以下三种状态：When stress is applied to the rock mass, the force of the rock mass on the elastic structure changes. When the force increases, the elastic structure is compressed and deformed, causing the relative displacement of the shading tube and the reflective tube to form the following three states:
(1)I阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷由0到Fa＝5t逐渐增大的过程中，弹性结构逐渐被压缩，反光筒逐渐向下平移，白色宽条纹的显示宽度逐渐减小，当载荷达到初锚力Fa时，反光筒向下平移q＝1.6mm,宽度为q＝1.6mm的白色宽条纹刚好被完全遮住，显示的图像为黑色条纹中间有白色窄条纹；(1) Stage I: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases from 0 to F a = 5t, the elastic structure is gradually compressed, the reflective tube gradually moves downward, and the display width of the white wide stripes gradually decreases. When the load reaches the initial anchoring force F a , the reflector moves downward by q=1.6mm, and the wide white stripes with a width of q=1.6mm are just completely covered, and the displayed image is black stripes with white narrow stripes in the middle;
即起始状态显示为图5中I图像，达到Fa时显示的是图5中Ⅱ图像；That is, the initial state is displayed as the I image in Figure 5, and when F a is reached, it is displayed as the II image in Figure 5;
(2)Ⅱ阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷在Fa＝5t到Fb＝9.5t之间逐渐增大的过程中，显示的图像初始保持步骤(1)中的图像，直至反光筒向下位移增量趋近于w＝1.1mm,显示的反光条纹宽度e＝0.3mm逐渐减小，当载荷达到报警载荷Fb时反光筒向下总位移为b＝3mm，反光筒的宽度为0.3mm的白色窄条纹也刚好全被遮住，显示的图像为全黑条纹，由于w远大于e，因此在Ⅱ阶段的大部分时间保持步骤(1)中的图像；前期图像显示的时间比为1.1/(1.1+0.3)＝78.6％；(2) Phase II: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases between F a =5t and F b =9.5t, the displayed image initially remains the image in step (1) until the reflector is down The displacement increment tends to w=1.1mm, and the displayed reflective stripe width e=0.3mm gradually decreases. When the load reaches the alarm load F b , the total downward displacement of the reflective tube is b=3mm, and the width of the reflective tube is 0.3mm The narrow white stripes of , are just completely covered, and the displayed image is completely black stripes. Since w is much greater than e, the image in step (1) is maintained for most of the time in stage II; the time ratio of the previous image display is 1.1 /(1.1+0.3)=78.6%;
即起始状态Fa＝5t显示为图5中Ⅱ图像，达到Fb＝9.5t时显示的是图5中Ⅲ图像；That is, the initial state F a = 5t is displayed as the II image in Fig. 5, and when F b = 9.5t is displayed, the III image in Fig. 5 is displayed;
(3)Ⅲ阶段：当弹性结构所受载荷在Fb＝9.5t到Fc＝12t之间逐渐增大时，由于反光筒与遮光筒相位差为m＝0.8mm，显示的图像初始时保持步骤(2)中的图像，直到位移为n，此时锚杆已破断，弹性结构所受载荷变为0，弹性结构轴向位移突变为0，显示的图像为白色窄条纹、黑色窄条纹、白色宽条纹、黑色宽条纹相间组成；(3) Stage III: When the load on the elastic structure gradually increases between F b =9.5t and F c =12t, since the phase difference between the reflective tube and the light-shielding tube is m = 0.8mm, the displayed image initially remains In the image in step (2), until the displacement is n, the anchor rod is broken at this time, the load on the elastic structure becomes 0, the axial displacement of the elastic structure suddenly becomes 0, and the displayed image is white narrow stripes, black narrow stripes, Composed of white wide stripes and black wide stripes;
即起始状态Fb＝9.5t显示为图5中Ⅲ图像，达到Fc＝12t时显示的是图5中I图像。That is, the initial state F b = 9.5t is displayed as the image III in Fig. 5, and the image I shown in Fig. 5 is displayed when F c = 12t.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410468086.0A CN104198097B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410468086.0A CN104198097B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104198097A CN104198097A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
| CN104198097B true CN104198097B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Family
ID=52083424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410468086.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104198097B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104198097B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104533488B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-10-05 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of buffering allows pressure pretightning force can survey anchor rod pallet board |
| CN104713668A (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-06-17 | 山东科技大学 | Load-displacement converting device and application method thereof |
| CN105067169B (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2017-08-22 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of apparatus and method for carrying out non-destructive monitoring to anchor axial force using acoustically-driven |
| CN105675201B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-02-06 | 太原理工大学 | Unidirectional force monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN109642838B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2021-02-09 | 警报技术有限公司 | A sensor device for rock bolt |
| CN106092395B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-10-02 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of device and method that anchor pole power is monitored using equal thickness interference principle |
| CN106768599B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-08-27 | 太原理工大学 | A liquid pressure monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN106679855B (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-03-05 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of device and method mixing discoloration monitoring unidirectional force using liquid |
| CH713600A2 (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-09-28 | Digi Sens Ag | Apparatus and method for measuring a load. |
| CN109441513B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2023-10-27 | 山西水利职业技术学院 | Automatic monitoring device for tunnel construction safety |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2160101Y (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1994-03-30 | 韩旭 | Optical coded shift sensor |
| CN2830644Y (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2006-10-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Controllable prestressed super-strength anchor arm |
| JP5181213B2 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2013-04-10 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | Wire deformation detector |
| CN103046941B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-10-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor cable yield device capable of realizing working load visualization |
| CN203452813U (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-02-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Detector for pretightening force of anchor rod |
| CN203643631U (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-06-11 | 嘉应学院 | A cylindrical grating and a grating auxiliary device using the cylindrical grating |
-
2014
- 2014-09-15 CN CN201410468086.0A patent/CN104198097B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104198097A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104198097B (en) | A kind of mine anchor rod axial force monitoring device and monitoring method | |
| CN104265339B (en) | A kind of extruding, friction-type energy-absorption anchor rod | |
| CN204572068U (en) | A kind of anchor pole rope supporting power monitoring warning device | |
| CN108412526B (en) | An adaptive graded early warning anchor | |
| CN205225302U (en) | It hinders stock to let press to increase | |
| CN103541982B (en) | A kind of Nested-type single-side bolt fastener | |
| CN204514514U (en) | A kind of device detecting anchor axial force and bending moment force | |
| CN103758550A (en) | Liquid-expansion type yielding anti-seismic high-ground-temperature-resistant anchor bolt | |
| CN104697673A (en) | Method for testing axial force of anchor rod | |
| CN112177648A (en) | A new type of shear-resistant large deformation energy-absorbing anchor | |
| CN107035395A (en) | Pressure-relieving achor bar pallet and application method with alarm function | |
| CN102680151A (en) | Anchor rod torque testing device and method | |
| CN103046941B (en) | Anchor cable yield device capable of realizing working load visualization | |
| CN207960652U (en) | A kind of anti-slip thread allows pressure early warning anchor nut easy device | |
| CN103422872B (en) | Anchor rod device | |
| CN110629752B (en) | Deformation compensation anchor and method of using the same | |
| CN204082188U (en) | A kind of extruding, friction-type energy-absorption anchor rod | |
| CN207795927U (en) | Lifting airscrew brake block abrasion amount measuring device and rotor brake device | |
| CN112145211B (en) | A pressure ring device with early warning function | |
| CN204827497U (en) | Visual prestressing force resistance to plucking resin stock | |
| CN209978964U (en) | Scaffold monitoring assembly and scaffold monitoring system | |
| CN204457829U (en) | Rockbolt stress state rapid evaluation device | |
| CN206617183U (en) | A kind of large deformation cycle pressure-relieving achor bar | |
| CN208168912U (en) | A kind of mine anchor rod component fracture prior-warning device | |
| CN205243546U (en) | Telescopic stock |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160622 Termination date: 20210915 |