CN109703007B - 3D printing progress display method for bridge engineering - Google Patents
3D printing progress display method for bridge engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A3D printing progress display method for bridge engineering relates to the field of bridge engineering and is used for displaying the visual progress of engineering indoors in synchronization with the actual progress of the engineering, so that construction managers can conveniently and accurately grasp the overall progress of the engineering, and accurate and efficient progress decision is realized. The method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing an engineering three-dimensional model according to the engineering drawing and the division and item-by-item engineering division of the construction plan; (2) simplifying the bridge structure to form a simplified three-dimensional model; (3) selecting a scaling ratio; (4) designing the length of the display device, the number of middle sections, the length of the end section, the width of the base, the opening of the top plate, the shaft number mark and the distance between the bottom plate and the top plate according to the selected scaling and simplified three-dimensional model; (5) 3D printing various components of the bridge engineering according to the simplified three-dimensional model and the division and the item division; (6) and synchronously setting the 3D printed bridge engineering member into the display device in the actual progress of the engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The method is suitable for bridge engineering construction in the field of highways and municipal infrastructures, and is used for displaying the image progress of the bridge engineering through indoor 3D printing.
Background
Unlike traditional construction engineering, most bridge engineering in the field of highways and municipal infrastructure has long mileage and is often linear engineering. The traditional progress data table cannot visually express the image progress of the linear engineering, is limited by the size of a screen, and a progress picture is not beneficial to clearly and comprehensively showing the image progress of the linear engineering.
If the progress of the project image is displayed by using the traditional sand table, the progress condition of the underground structures such as pile foundations, bearing platforms and the like cannot be clearly displayed. Meanwhile, with the development of engineering development and the increase of change contents, the sand table maker needs to frequently replace parts, and the actual progress is difficult to match in real time. And because the linear engineering length is large, the manufactured sand table is also large in length, so that the conditions of manufacturing failure, abandonment due to overhigh cost and the like occur.
Based on the above situation, construction managers often cannot quickly and accurately know the overall progress of the linear project, and are not convenient to accurately express intentions in progress management discussion, and are not beneficial to accurate and efficient progress decision formation.
Disclosure of Invention
The method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing an engineering three-dimensional model according to the engineering drawing and the division and item-by-item engineering division of the construction plan; (2) simplifying the bridge structure, unifying the distance between lower structures, unifying the length of upper structures, and straightening linearly to form a simplified three-dimensional model; (3) selecting a scaling according to the overall length, width, basic type and height of the simplified three-dimensional model and the indoor space size; (4) designing the length of the display device, the number of middle sections, the length of the end section, the width of the base, the opening of the top plate, the shaft number mark and the distance between the bottom plate and the top plate according to the selected scaling and simplified three-dimensional model; (5) 3D printing various components of the bridge engineering according to the simplified three-dimensional model and the division and the item division; (6) and synchronously with the actual progress of the project, putting the 3D printed bridge engineering member into a display device to form the image progress display synchronous with the actual progress.
The device contains end section and middle section, and 2 sections are total to the end section, and middle section quantity is confirmed according to simplifying bridge engineering three-dimensional model length, and every section is formed by 1 piece of bottom plate, 2 pieces of curb plate, 1 piece of roof, 2 pieces of end plate, totally 6 transparent acrylic plates concatenations, and the roof sets up corresponding hole according to bridge engineering basis type and interval for place the bridge engineering model that 3D printed.
The technology provides a set of complete solution for displaying the bridge engineering construction image progress, solves the problem that the traditional progress displaying means is difficult to comprehensively display the bridge engineering image progress, provides a global view for progress management personnel, and improves the progress decision precision and efficiency.
(1) And (4) establishing a full-line three-dimensional model by adopting BIM software Revit according to the division of the engineering drawing and the construction plan. The method only needs to establish the appearance of the member and does not need to establish a steel bar model and a template model for displaying the image progress of the bridge engineering.
(2) For bridges with overall linear curves but with single-axis components being straight lines, the bridge structure is simplified in the Revit software. The height from the bottom surface of the bearing platform to the top surface of the lower structure is h, the length l of the whole line foundation is obtained1The unification is 0.6 h-0.8 h, and the distance l between the lower structures2The length of the beam body with the upper structure is unified to be 0.8 h-1.2 h, the flat curve is simplified to be a straight line, a simplified bridge three-dimensional model is formed, and the mileage length L of the simplified model on the straight line is obtained1While obtaining the maximum value D of the width of the simplified model1。
(3) The scaling is selected according to the overall length and width of the simplified three-dimensional model and according to the size of the room space. The indoor space length for placing is L2Width of D2Then i is1＝L2/(L1+2l2)，i2＝D2/(D1+2l2)，i＝min{i1，i2Get i, scale i, get i1、i2Is measured. And 3D printing is carried out according to the scaling i, division is carried out according to the subsection project, and if the size of a single component exceeds the maximum printing size of the 3D printer, the value of i is reduced until the requirement of the 3D printer is met.
(4) According to the determined scaling ratio, the total length L of the display device can be obtained3＝(L1+2l2) I, width D3＝(D1+2l2) I. The display device is divided into a middle section and end sections, the length of the middle section is fixed to be 1.2 m, and the number n of the middle sections is INT (L)3And 1.2) -1, wherein two ends are end sections, one section is 1.2 meters in length, and the other section is taken as the value of the residual length. Each segment comprises a bottom plate 1, a top plate 1,Side plate 2 pieces and end plate 2 pieces.
a) The bottom plate is a transparent acrylic plate with the thickness of 5 mm, and the length and the width are taken according to the length and the width of each section;
b) the roof adopts 5 millimeters thick transparent ya keli boards, and length, width are with the bottom plate, print model foundation dimension and interval trompil according to 3D. Marking the two sides of the top plate according to the axle number of the bridge engineering, and marking the distance between the center of characters and the plate edge as l2I, height of the marked characters is 0.5l2*i。
c) The distance between the top surface of the top plate and the top surface of the bottom plate is according to l1And taking values.
d) The curb plate adopts 5 millimeters thick transparent inferior gram force board and bottom plate, roof to splice perpendicularly, and curb plate length is with bottom plate, roof, highly exceeds 20 ~ 30 millimeters than the roof top surface.
e) The end plate is a transparent acrylic plate with the thickness of 5 mm, the length of the end plate is equal to the width of the bottom plate, and the height of the end plate is equal to that of the side plate; the height of the end plate at the middle section side is the clear distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, the width of the end plate is the same as that of the top plate and the bottom plate, and the outer side surface of the end plate is flush with the side surfaces of the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates.
(5) And (4) according to the simplified three-dimensional model and the division of the construction plan, printing various members of the bridge engineering according to the scaling i and the 3D.
(6) And (4) synchronously carrying out actual progress of the project, placing and displaying the 3D printed bridge project component to form image progress display synchronous with the actual progress.
According to a simplified three-dimensional model in BIM software Revit, the position of the top plate opening is determined, the diameter of the pile foundation opening is increased by 0.3 mm on the basis of scaling of the foundation size, and each edge of the other types of foundation openings is increased by 0.15 mm outwards. The invention has the following effects:
(1) according to the method, the three-dimensional model is established according to the engineering drawing, then 3D printing is carried out, and compared with the traditional sand table, the construction content can be accurately expressed.
(2) The three-dimensional model divided according to the subsection project is manufactured by 3D printing, and can be put into a display device in blocks according to the content of the actual progress, so that the visual progress of the project can be displayed by completely matching the actual situation on site.
(3) The 3D printing is not limited by a mould, and a three-dimensional solid model with any size can be printed within the range of the printing capacity of the machine to be manufactured into a display model with the size being coordinated with the size of the indoor environment.
(4) By utilizing the double-layer transparent display device, the foundation, the substructure, the upper structure form and the image progress of the whole bridge engineering can be clearly displayed, so that progress management personnel can master the overall situation conveniently and make an accurate decision.
(5) The display device can be spliced and placed on the conference table in sections, and the display device has an attractive function when displaying the image progress practically.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method
FIG. 2 full-line engineering model
FIG. 3 three-dimensional model partitioned by construction subsections
FIG. 4 is a simplified partial three-dimensional model
FIG. 5 is a simplified full-line three-dimensional model
FIG. 6 shows a device-header segment
Wherein: 1-bottom plate, 2-top plate, 3-side plate, 4-end plate, 5-top plate opening, 6-axle number
FIG. 7 shows the device-intermediate section
Wherein: 1-bottom plate, 2-top plate, 3-side plate, 4-end plate, 5-top plate opening, 6-axle number
Fig. 8 shows the device in full view
FIG. 9 Placement of 3D printing Components according to actual Schedule
Detailed Description
(1) According to a drawing, a BIM software Revit is used for establishing a full-line structure three-dimensional model, and the distances between lower structures of all axes are different, as shown in figures 2 and 3.
(2) Simplifying the bridge structure in Revit software, wherein the height h from the bottom surface of a bearing platform to the top surface of a lower structure is 25 m, and the length l of the full-line pile foundation1Unifying to 0.6h, namely 15 m, and separating the full line lower part structure by a distance l2Unify 0.8h, namely 20 meters, the flat curve reduces to the straight line. Obtaining the mileage length L of the simplified model on the straight line11820 m, width maximum D1Is 50 m. As shown in fig. 4 and 5.
(3) Length L that meeting table of project department can be used to display device to put2Is 6.2 m and has a width D2Is 0.6 m. i.e. i1＝L2/(L1+2l2)＝1/300，i2＝D2/(D1+2l2)＝1/150，i＝min{i1，i 21/300, scaling i by i1、i2The minimum value of the component (A) is 1/300, 3D printing is carried out according to the 1/300, the component is divided according to a subsection project, the maximum size of a single component is 180 millimeters, the printing requirement of a 3D printer is met, and therefore the scaling ratio is 1/300.
(4) Total length L of the display device3＝(L1+2l2) I 6.2 m, width D3＝(D1+2l2) I-0.3 m. The length of the middle segment is fixed to be 1.2 m, and the number n of the middle segments is INT (L)31.2) -1-4, and one section of each of the two end sections is 1.2 meters in length, and the other section is 0.2 meters in length. As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8.
(5) The bottom plate and the top plate are transparent acrylic plates with the thickness of 5 mm, the length is 1.2 meters, and the width is 0.3 meter. The whole line of the project is a pile foundation, the diameter of a part of pile foundations is 1.5 m, the diameter of the pile after 3D printing is 5 mm according to the scaling ratio of 1/300, and a hole is formed in a top plate according to the diameter of 5.3 mm; the diameter of part of the pile foundation is 1 meter, and the top plate is provided with a hole according to 3.6 millimeters. Marking the number of the axes on the two sides of the top plate, marking the distance between the center of characters and the plate edge l2I is 67 mm, and the height of the marked characters is 0.5l2I was 33 mm. The distance between the top surface of the top plate and the top surface of the bottom plate is according to l1I takes 50 mm. The side plates and the end plates are vertically glued with the bottom plate and the top plate according to requirements.
(6) 3D printing various components of the bridge engineering according to a simplified three-dimensional model, division and project division and proportion of 1/300.
(7) And (3) synchronously with the actual progress of the project, placing and displaying the 3D printed bridge project component to form an image progress display synchronous with the actual progress, as shown in the attached drawing 9.
Claims (1)
1. A3D printing progress display method for bridge engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the project drawing and the division of the construction plan, building a full-line three-dimensional model by adopting BIM software Revit; only the image progress of the bridge engineering is shown, only the appearance of the member is needed to be established, and a steel bar model and a template model are not needed to be established;
(2) for a bridge with an overall line shape of a curve but a single-axis component of a straight line, the bridge structure is simplified in Revit software as follows: the height from the bottom surface of the bearing platform to the top surface of the lower structure is h, the length l of the whole line foundation is obtained1The unification is 0.6 h-0.8 h, and the distance l between the lower structures2Unifying the distance between 0.8h and 1.2h, simplifying the flat curve into a straight line to form a simplified bridge three-dimensional model, and obtaining the mileage L of the simplified model on the straight line1While obtaining the maximum value D of the width of the simplified model1；
(3) Selecting a scaling according to the overall length and width of the simplified three-dimensional model and the size of the indoor space; the indoor space length for placing is L2Width of D2Then i is1＝L2/(L1+2l2)，i2＝D2/(D1+2l2)，i＝min{i1，i2Get i, scale i, get i1、i2Minimum value of (d); 3D printing is carried out according to the scaling ratio i, division is carried out according to subsection project, and if the size of a single component exceeds the maximum printing size of the 3D printer, the value of i is reduced until the requirement of the 3D printer is met;
(4) obtaining the total length L of the display device according to the determined scaling3＝(L1+2l2) I, width D3＝(D1+2l2) I; the display device is divided into a middle section and end sections, the length of the middle section is fixed to be 1.2 m, and the number n of the middle sections is INT (L)31.2) -1, two ends are end sections, one section is 1.2 meters in length, and the other section takes values according to the residual length; each segment comprises a bottom plate 1, a top plate 1, a side plate 2 and an end plate 2;
a) the bottom plate is a transparent acrylic plate, and the length and the width of the bottom plate are selected according to the length and the width of each section;
b) the top plate is made of a transparent acrylic plate, the length and the width of the top plate are the same as those of the bottom plate, and holes are formed according to the basic size and the interval of the 3D printing model; marking the two sides of the top plate according to the axle number of the bridge engineering, and marking the distance between the center of characters and the plate edge as l2I, height of the marked characters is 0.5l2*i；
c) The distance between the top surface of the top plate and the top surface of the bottom plate is according to l1Taking values of i;
d) the side plates are vertically glued with the bottom plate and the top plate by transparent acrylic plates, the length of the side plates is equal to that of the bottom plate and that of the top plate, and the height of the side plates is 20-30 mm higher than that of the top surface of the top plate;
e) the end plate is a transparent acrylic plate, the length of the end plate is equal to the width of the bottom plate, and the height of the end plate is equal to that of the side plate; the height of the end plate at the middle section side is the clear distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, the width of the end plate is the same as that of the top plate and the bottom plate, and the outer side surface of the end plate is flush with the side surfaces of the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates;
(5) dividing the bridge engineering according to the simplified three-dimensional model and the division and the items of the construction plan, and printing various members of the bridge engineering according to the scaling i and the 3D;
(6) and (4) synchronously carrying out actual progress of the project, placing and displaying the 3D printed bridge project component to form image progress display synchronous with the actual progress.
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| CN110428716A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-08 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | A kind of sand table system based on BIM |
| CN111179727A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-05-19 | 珠海欣邦科技有限公司 | Project simulation sand table based on Internet of things |
| CN112365787B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-04-01 | 张前进 | Assembled bridge design model |
| CN114434804B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2024-04-19 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Bridge-type structure high-precision printing method based on Gaussian process and shape compensation |
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