CN109702194A - A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation - Google Patents
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109702194A CN109702194A CN201811620889.8A CN201811620889A CN109702194A CN 109702194 A CN109702194 A CN 109702194A CN 201811620889 A CN201811620889 A CN 201811620889A CN 109702194 A CN109702194 A CN 109702194A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation, belong to increases material manufacturing technology field, can make inside parts crystal grain refinement, not only improve processing efficiency, but also improve surface quality and part quality.Two beam laser of the invention successively carry out operation in processing plane；Beam of laser is formed in processing plane compared with large spot, and beam of laser carries out the forming area in processing plane in processing plane preforming；The temperature of the relatively large spot of beam of laser is higher than powder sintered fusion temperature, makes powder sintered fusing；Second beam laser forms small spot in processing plane, second beam laser is started to work after beam of laser start-up operation, second beam laser melts the forming area in processing plane again, the temperature of the relatively large spot of second beam laser is higher than powder sintered fusion temperature, make powder sintered fusing, the motion path and beam of laser of the second beam laser are mutually angled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology fields more particularly to a kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality of double excitation to be promoted
Method.
Background technique
Increases material manufacturing technology is that a kind of three-dimensional digital model by material according to required converted products is successively manufactured
Process.The main distinction of itself and traditional technology is, the threedimensional model of part is carried out digitized processing, is allowed to resolve into layer
If for the stacked state of the minimum thin slice of the dry thickness of unit；Associated mechanisms are recycled later, by material according to every layer of shape
It is stacked, finally obtains target part.Raw material one of of the powder as increases material manufacturing technology, due to target part character
Identical, required aftertreatment technology is few, is widely applied.When carrying out increasing material manufacturing using powder, equipment is equal in processing plane
One layer of powder of even laying, is later sintered powder by laser, and hot spot can be such that powder melts rapidly after acting on powder,
And be combined together with the part under powder, after laser facula is removed, a part that the powder of thawing is quickly cooled to as part.
Such process moves in circles, and finally obtains the part of needs.
In increasing material manufacturing method before, a laser source is often only used as energy input devices；Manufacturing process
Middle hot spot run-down on the powder of processing plane in hot spot and produces pole outside hot spot since powder is not preheated
Big temperature gradient, so that there are biggish residual stress and holes etc. to lack by the molding inside parts of increasing material manufacturing method
It falls into.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation, and beam of laser is in processing plane
It is formed compared with large spot, rapid shaping is carried out to part, the second beam laser forms compared with small light spot in processing plane, swashs to the first beam
The molded region that light manufactures in processing plane carries out remelting, reaches refinement crystal grain, reduces inside parts crack and hole, drop
The effect of low residual stress, can be improved surface quality of workpieces.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation, comprising the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 102, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer 104, is formed in processing plane 301
Compared with large spot, make powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser 201 passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, the shape in processing plane 301
At compared with small light spot, make forming area refuse in step (1).
In step described above, the diameter of hot spot described in step (1) is 100um-500um；Hot spot described in step (2)
Diameter be 50um-200um；The optical path of second laser 201 and First laser 101 in step (1) in step (2)
Optical path at an angle to each other is 0 ° -60 °；Second beam laser described in step (2), first beam laser scanning described in step (1)
It starts to work when 50% area, the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) does not weigh when work
It is folded；Second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) is using double galvanometers and twin-laser
The different laser of two beams；Second beam laser described in the spot diameter of beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2)
The diameter of hot spot keeps certain proportions according to the different of powder type and hot spot movement speed, the spot diameter of beam of laser with
The diameter proportion of the hot spot of second beam laser described in step (2) is 3:1-1.5:1.
First laser 101, the first beam-expanding collimation mirror 102, the vibration of the first dynamic focusing system 103, first in step (1)
Second laser 201, the second beam-expanding collimation mirror 202, the second dynamic focus device 203 and the second vibration in mirror 104 and step (2)
204 relative position of mirror immobilizes, and can be mobile in horizontal plane simultaneously, makes the relatively large spot and the of First laser 101
The small spot of two lasers 201 moves in processing plane 301 simultaneously.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention provides a kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation,
Remelting is carried out to the molded region manufactured in processing plane, reaches refinement crystal grain, reduces inside parts crack and hole, reduce
The effect of residual stress.During traditional increasing material manufacturing, only with beam of laser forming part, since powder is not preheated,
Great temperature gradient is produced in hot spot and outside hot spot, so that existing by traditional molding inside parts of increasing material manufacturing method
The defects of biggish residual stress and hole, piece surface is with larger surface roughness.The present invention uses two beam laser scannings
Forming part, beam of laser form larger hot spot in processing plane, carry out rapid shaping to part, the second beam laser is being processed
It is formed in plane compared with small light spot, the molded region manufactured in processing plane to beam of laser carries out remelting, not only improves
Processing efficiency can also reduce temperature gradient, and then reduce the stress of inside parts, reduce part defect, help to improve zero
Part surface quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the processing floor map of converted products of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic structural view of the invention.
In figure, 101 be First laser, 102 be the first beam-expanding collimation mirror, 103 be the first dynamic focus device, 104
For First galvanometer, 201 be second laser, and 202 be the second beam-expanding collimation mirror, and 203 be the second dynamic focus device, 204
It is processing plane for second galvanometer, 301.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 102, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer 104, is formed in processing plane 301
Diameter is the hot spot of 100um, makes powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser 201 passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, the shape in processing plane 301
At 50um hot spot, make forming area refuse in step (1).
In step described above, the optical path of second laser 201 and First laser in step (1) in step (2)
101 optical path at an angle to each other is 0 °, i.e., the optical path of second laser 201 and First laser in step (1) in step (2)
101 optical path is parallel；Second beam laser, first beam laser scanning described in step (1) described in step (2) crosses 50% area
When start to work, the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) is not overlapped when work；Step
(1) the second beam laser described in the beam of laser and step (2) described in be using two beams of double galvanometers and twin-laser not
Same laser.The hot spot of second beam laser described in the spot diameter of beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2)
Diameter keeps certain proportion, the spot diameter and step of beam of laser according to powder type and the different of hot spot movement speed
(2) diameter proportion of the hot spot of the second beam laser described in is 2:1；First laser 101, first expand standard in step (1)
Second laser 201, second expand standard in straight mirror 102, the first dynamic focusing system 103, the first galvanometer 104 and step (2)
Straight mirror 202, the second dynamic focus device 203 and 204 relative position of the second galvanometer immobilize, and can move simultaneously in horizontal plane
Dynamic, the hot spot of the hot spot and second laser 201 that make First laser 101 moves in processing plane 301 simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 102, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer 104, is formed in processing plane 301
Diameter is the hot spot of 500um, makes powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser 201 passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, the shape in processing plane 301
At 200um hot spot, make forming area refuse in step (1).
In step described above, the optical path of second laser 201 and First laser in step (1) in step (2)
101 optical path at an angle to each other is 60 °；Second beam laser described in step (2), first beam laser scanning described in step (1)
It starts to work when 50% area, the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) does not weigh when work
It is folded；Second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) is using double galvanometers and twin-laser
The different laser of two beams.Second beam laser described in the spot diameter of beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2)
The diameter of hot spot keeps certain proportions according to the different of powder type and hot spot movement speed, the spot diameter of beam of laser with
The diameter proportion of the hot spot of second beam laser described in step (2) is 2.5:1；First laser 101, first in step (1)
Second laser 201, second in beam-expanding collimation mirror 102, the first dynamic focusing system 103, the first galvanometer 104 and step (2)
Beam-expanding collimation mirror 202, the second dynamic focus device 203 and 204 relative position of the second galvanometer immobilize, and can be simultaneously in water
Planar movement, the hot spot of the hot spot and second laser 201 that make First laser 101 are moved up in processing plane 301 simultaneously
It is dynamic.
Embodiment 3
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 102, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer 104, is formed in processing plane 301
Diameter is the hot spot of 150um, makes powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser 201 passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, the shape in processing plane 301
At 50um hot spot, make forming area refuse in step (1).
In step described above, the optical path of second laser 201 and First laser in step (1) in step (2)
101 optical path at an angle to each other is 30 °；Second beam laser described in step (2), first beam laser scanning described in step (1)
It starts to work when 50% area, the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) does not weigh when work
It is folded；Second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) is using double galvanometers and twin-laser
The different laser of two beams.Second beam laser described in the spot diameter of beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2)
The diameter of hot spot keeps certain proportions according to the different of powder type and hot spot movement speed, the spot diameter of beam of laser with
The diameter proportion of the hot spot of second beam laser described in step (2) is 3:1；First laser 101, first expands in step (1)
Second laser 201, second expands in beam collimating mirror 102, the first dynamic focusing system 103, the first galvanometer 104 and step (2)
Beam collimating mirror 202, the second dynamic focus device 203 and 204 relative position of the second galvanometer immobilize, and can be simultaneously in level
Face is mobile, and the hot spot of the hot spot and second laser 201 that make First laser 101 moves in processing plane 301 simultaneously.
Embodiment 4
A kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
(102) after, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer 104, the shape in processing plane 301
The hot spot for being 300um at diameter, makes powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser 201 passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
After 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, the shape in processing plane 301
At 200um hot spot, make forming area refuse in step (1).
In step described above, the optical path of second laser 201 and First laser in step (1) in step (2)
101 optical path at an angle to each other is 45 °；Second beam laser described in step (2), first beam laser scanning described in step (1)
It starts to work when 50% area, the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) does not weigh when work
It is folded；Second beam laser described in beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2) is using double galvanometers and twin-laser
The different laser of two beams.Second beam laser described in the spot diameter of beam of laser described in step (1) and step (2)
The diameter of hot spot keeps certain proportions according to the different of powder type and hot spot movement speed, the spot diameter of beam of laser with
The diameter proportion of the hot spot of second beam laser described in step (2) is 1.5:1；First laser 101, first in step (1)
Second laser 201, second in beam-expanding collimation mirror 102, the first dynamic focusing system 103, the first galvanometer 104 and step (2)
Beam-expanding collimation mirror 202, the second dynamic focus device 203 and 204 relative position of the second galvanometer immobilize, and can be simultaneously in water
Planar movement, the hot spot of the hot spot and second laser 201 that make First laser 101 are moved up in processing plane 301 simultaneously
It is dynamic.
The powder in processing plane is melted first with the relatively large spot of beam of laser, the second beam is recycled to swash
The small spot of light carries out refuse to formed piece surface, to reduce Part Surface Roughness, and refines part crystalline substance
Grain achievees the purpose that improve part quality, while part processing efficiency also can be improved.
As shown in Figure 1, the optical path of First laser 101 passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror 102 when part starts processing
Afterwards, into the first dynamic focus device 103, converged light is formed, then is reflected through galvanometer 104, is formed in processing plane 301 larger
Hot spot starts quickly to be filled the machining area in processing plane, makes part rapid shaping.
When the area of beam of laser scanning area reaches 50%, the optical path of second laser 201 passes through second
After beam-expanding collimation mirror 202, into the second dynamic focus device 203, converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer 204, it is flat in processing
It is formed on face 301 compared with small light spot, what the second beam laser generated starts the part progress remelting molded to part compared with small light spot, with
Crystal grain is refined, surface quality is promoted.
The foregoing is merely the preferable specific embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and sends out
Bright design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) process the preforming of planar shaping region: the optical path of First laser (101) passes through the first beam-expanding collimation mirror
(102) after, into the first dynamic focus device (103), converged light is formed, then reflect through galvanometer (104), in processing plane
(301) it is formed on compared with large spot, makes powder sintered fusing；
(2) process the refuse in planar shaping region: the optical path of second laser (201) passes through the second beam-expanding collimation mirror
(202) after, into the second dynamic focus device (203), converged light is formed, is reflected through the second galvanometer (204), in processing plane
(301) it is formed on compared with small light spot, makes forming area refuse in step (1).
2. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) it is 0 ° that the optical path of First laser (101) is at an angle to each other in the optical path of second laser (201) and step (1) in-
60°。
3. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) start-up operation when the second beam laser first beam laser scanning described in step (1) described in crosses 50% area, work time step
Suddenly the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in (1) and step (2) is not overlapped.
4. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the second beam laser described in beam of laser described in (1) and step (2) is two beams using double galvanometers and twin-laser
Different laser.
5. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the diameter proportion of the spot diameter and the hot spot of the second beam laser described in step (2) of beam of laser described in (1) is
3:1-1.5:1。
6. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step
(1) diameter of hot spot described in is 100um-500um；The diameter of hot spot described in step (2) is 50um-200um.
7. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) First laser (101), the first beam-expanding collimation mirror (102), the first dynamic focusing system (103), the first galvanometer in
(104) second laser (201) and in step (2), the second beam-expanding collimation mirror (202), the second dynamic focus device (203) and
Second galvanometer (204) relative position immobilizes.
8. the quick increasing material manufacturing surface quality method for improving of double excitation according to claim 7, which is characterized in that step
(1) First laser (101), the first beam-expanding collimation mirror (102), the first dynamic focusing system (103), the first galvanometer in
(104) second laser (201) and in step (2), the second beam-expanding collimation mirror (202), the second dynamic focus device (203) and
Second galvanometer (204) can be mobile in horizontal plane, makes the relatively large spot and second laser of First laser (101)
(201) small spot moves in processing plane (301) simultaneously.
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| CN110899961A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 武汉数字化设计与制造创新中心有限公司 | Laser three-dimensional precise flexible processing platform with double lasers |
| CN111842892A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-30 | 华南理工大学 | In-situ energy-controlled selective laser melting device and method |
| CN112454891A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-09 | 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for manufacturing high-toughness workpiece |
| CN112804828A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 武汉先河激光技术有限公司 | System for processing multichannel FPC flexible circuit board |
| CN114535607A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Scanning method for isotropic laser additive manufacturing of scanning galvanometer |
| CN114901408A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-08-12 | 努布鲁有限公司 | Blue laser metal additive manufacturing system |
| CN115090899A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-23 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment |
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| CN114535607A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Scanning method for isotropic laser additive manufacturing of scanning galvanometer |
| CN115090899A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-23 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment |
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