CN115090899A - Metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment - Google Patents
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- CN115090899A CN115090899A CN202210867033.0A CN202210867033A CN115090899A CN 115090899 A CN115090899 A CN 115090899A CN 202210867033 A CN202210867033 A CN 202210867033A CN 115090899 A CN115090899 A CN 115090899A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/364—Process control of energy beam parameters for post-heating, e.g. remelting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment belongs to the field of additive manufacturing. The problem of uneven stress of a metal additive manufacturing workpiece is solved. The light path of a first laser is collimated by a first beam expanding collimating lens, enters a first dynamic focusing device to form convergent light, is reflected by a first scanning vibration mirror to form a large-size light spot on the surface to be formed, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of a material; the light path of the second laser is collimated by the second beam expanding collimating lens, enters the second dynamic focusing device to form convergent light, is reflected by the second scanning galvanometer, and forms light spots with smaller sizes on the surface to be formed after preheating treatment, so that the powder is melted and formed; and the light path of the third laser enters a third dynamic focusing device after being collimated by a third beam expanding collimating lens to form convergent light, and is reflected by a third scanning galvanometer to form light spots with proper size on the surface to be formed, so that the formed area on the surface is remelted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment.
Background
The metal additive manufacturing technology is an important direction for the development of the field of machine manufacturing in recent years, the technology integrates the leading-edge ideas of related subjects such as informatics, materials, thermodynamics and mechanical manufacturing technology, and the research and development of the popular industry at present covers the industries such as aerospace, biomedical and automobile modules.
The metal additive manufacturing technology utilizes high-energy laser beams to scan metal powder layer by layer, so that the metal powder is melted and solidified in a short time, and the integrated additive forming technology of a complex structure is realized. Although the method has great advantages in the aspect of forming complex and precise parts, the defects of pores, spheroidization and the like commonly exist in the formed parts due to the forming characteristic of sharp heating and rapid cooling in the metal additive manufacturing process, and meanwhile, the local temperature is difficult to control due to uneven local heating, a large temperature gradient can be generated in the forming process, the stress concentration phenomenon occurs, and the parts are cracked, warped and the like.
The current technical scheme mainly adjusts process parameters according to processing experience, or carries out post-treatment such as hot isostatic pressing on a workpiece after printing is finished, and the effect of controlling the local temperature of a formed part in the printing process is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the stress of an additive manufacturing workpiece is uneven, and provides a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the first laser enters a first dynamic focusing device after being collimated by a first beam expanding collimating lens to form convergent light, and then is reflected by a first scanning oscillator to form a large-size light spot on the surface to be formed, and the surface of the material is subjected to preheating treatment;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the second laser enters a second dynamic focusing device after being collimated by a second beam expanding collimating lens to form convergent light, the convergent light is reflected by a second scanning galvanometer, and light spots with smaller sizes are formed on the surface to be formed after preheating treatment in the step S1 so that powder materials are melted and formed;
s3, post heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: and the light path of the third laser enters a third dynamic focusing device after being collimated by a third beam expanding collimating lens to form convergent light, and is reflected by a third scanning galvanometer to form light spots with proper size on the surface to be formed, so that the formed area on the surface is remelted.
Further, in step S1, the diameter of the first laser spot is 300-.
Further, the diameter of the second laser spot in step S2 is 100-.
Further, in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 200-.
Furthermore, the light paths of the first laser, the second laser and the third laser are parallel to each other pairwise, and the light beam midpoints of the first laser beam, the second laser beam and the third laser beam are collinear.
Further, the distance between the beam of the second laser beam and the beam of the first laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the first laser beam, and the distance between the beam of the third laser beam and the beam of the second laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the second laser beam.
Further, the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 3:1-2:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1:1.5-1: 2.
Further, the angle adjustment range of the first scanning galvanometer, the second scanning galvanometer and the third scanning galvanometer is 1-60 degrees, so that the first laser spot, the second laser spot and the third laser spot can move on the surface to be formed while keeping the relative positions unchanged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment. The first laser beam has the largest spot size and is used for carrying out preheating treatment on the surface of a material, the temperature gradient in the cladding process is reduced, the second laser beam has the smallest spot size and is used for formal laser cladding forming, and the third laser beam has the moderate spot size and is used for carrying out post-heat treatment on the formed surface, so that the residual stress in a forming body is reduced, and the pores and cracks in the cladding layer are eliminated. The forming quality of metal additive manufacturing is improved. The local temperature control of the formed part enables the powder layer to be preheated before the formed part is printed, and the formed part can be subjected to heat treatment after printing to eliminate residual stress, so that the temperature gradient change in the whole printing process is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not limiting, i.e., that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments, rather than all, of the present invention. While the components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, the present invention is capable of other embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention presented in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the detailed description of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the first laser 101 is collimated by the first beam expanding collimator lens 102, enters the first dynamic focusing device 103 to form convergent light, is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 104 to form a large-size light spot on the surface to be formed 401, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of the material;
further, in step S1, the diameter of the first laser spot is 300-; therefore, the temperature gradient in the cladding process is reduced, the laser power of the first beam of laser is low, and the preheating temperature is lower than the melting point of the powder material;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: after being collimated by the second beam expanding collimator lens 202, the light path of the second laser 201 enters the second dynamic focusing device 203 to form convergent light, and then is reflected by the second scanning galvanometer 204, so that a small-sized light spot is formed on the surface to be formed 401 after being preheated in step S1, and powder is melted and formed;
further, the diameter of the second laser spot in step S2 is 100-200 μm, and the laser power is 80-1500W;
s3, post-heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the third laser 301 is collimated by the third beam expanding collimator lens 302, enters the third dynamic focusing device 303 to form convergent light, is reflected by the third scanning galvanometer 304 to form a light spot with a proper size on the surface 401 to be formed, and is remelted in the formed area of the surface; reduce the residual stress in the forming body and eliminate the pores and cracks in the cladding layer. The laser power of the third laser beam is moderate, and the post heat treatment temperature is slightly higher than the melting point of the powder material.
Further, in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 200-.
Furthermore, the optical paths of the first laser 101, the second laser 201, and the third laser 301 are parallel to each other two by two, and the beam midpoints of the first laser, the second laser, and the third laser are collinear.
Further, the distance between the beam of the second laser beam and the beam of the first laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the first laser beam, and the distance between the beam of the third laser beam and the beam of the second laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the second laser beam.
Further, the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 3:1-2:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1:1.5-1: 2. The spot diameters of the first laser beam, the second laser beam and the third laser beam are kept in a fixed ratio according to different powder material types and different spot scanning speeds.
Further, the relative positions of the first laser 101, the first beam expanding and collimating lens 102, the first dynamic focusing system 103, the first galvanometer scanner 104, the second laser 201, the second beam expanding and collimating lens 202, the second dynamic focusing system 203, the second galvanometer scanner 204, the third laser 301, the third galvanometer beam expanding and collimating lens 302, the third dynamic focusing system 303, the third galvanometer scanner 304 and the surface to be shaped 401 are fixed.
Further, the first galvanometer scanner 104, the second galvanometer scanner 204, and the third galvanometer scanner 304 are angularly adjustable in a range of 1 to 60 degrees such that the first laser spot, the second laser spot, and the third laser spot move on the surface 401 to be shaped while maintaining the relative positions.
Further, the surface to be formed 401 is placed on top of the base plate 402.
The second embodiment is as follows:
a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the first laser 101 is collimated by the first beam expanding collimator lens 102, enters the first dynamic focusing device 103 to form convergent light, is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 104 to form a large-size light spot on the surface to be formed 401, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of the material;
further, in step S1, the diameter of the first beam of laser spot is 300 μm, the laser power is 125W, and the preheating temperature is 600K;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: after being collimated by the second beam expanding collimator lens 202, the light path of the second laser 201 enters the second dynamic focusing device 203 to form convergent light, and then is reflected by the second scanning galvanometer 204, so that a small-sized light spot is formed on the surface to be formed 401 after being preheated in step S1, and the powder is melted and formed, wherein the melting peak temperature is 3200K;
further, in step S2, the diameter of the second laser spot is 100, and the laser power is 200W;
s3, post-heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the third laser 301 is collimated by the third beam expanding collimator lens 302, enters the third dynamic focusing device 303 to form convergent light, is reflected by the third scanning galvanometer 304 to form a light spot with a proper size on the surface 401 to be formed, and is remelted in the formed area of the surface;
further, in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 200 μm, the laser power is 100W, and the remelting temperature is 1800K.
In the steps, the powder material is GH3536 nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the melting point is 1568K;
furthermore, the optical paths of the first laser 101, the second laser 201, and the third laser 301 are parallel to each other two by two, and the beam midpoints of the first laser beam, the second laser beam, and the third laser beam are collinear.
Further, the distance between the beam of the second laser beam and the beam of the first laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the first laser beam, and the distance between the beam of the third laser beam and the beam of the second laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the second laser beam.
Further, the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 3:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1: 2.
Further, the angular adjustment range of the first and second galvanometers 104, 204 and 304 is 1-60 °, so that the first and second laser spots and the third laser spot are moved on the surface to be shaped 401 while maintaining the relative positions.
Further, the surface to be formed 401 is placed on top of the base plate 402.
The third concrete implementation mode:
a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the first laser 101 is collimated by the first beam expanding collimator lens 102, enters the first dynamic focusing device 103 to form convergent light, is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 104 to form a large-size light spot on the surface to be formed 401, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of the material;
further, in step S1, the diameter of the first beam of laser spot is 400 μm, the laser power is 150W, and the preheating temperature is 800K;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: after being collimated by the second beam expanding collimator lens 202, the light path of the second laser 201 enters the second dynamic focusing device 203 to form convergent light, and then is reflected by the second scanning galvanometer 204, so that a small-sized light spot is formed on the surface to be formed 401 after being preheated in step S1, and the powder is melted and formed, wherein the melting peak temperature is 3600K;
further, the diameter of the second laser spot in step S2 is 200 μm, and the laser power is 225W;
s3, post-heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the third laser 301 is collimated by the third beam expanding collimator lens 302, enters the third dynamic focusing device 303 to form convergent light, is reflected by the third scanning galvanometer 304 to form a light spot with a proper size on the surface 401 to be formed, and is remelted in the formed area of the surface;
further, in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 300 μm, the laser power is 125W, and the remelting temperature is 2000K.
In the steps, the powder material is GH3536 nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the melting point is 1568K;
furthermore, the optical paths of the first laser 101, the second laser 201, and the third laser 301 are parallel to each other two by two, and the beam midpoints of the first laser, the second laser, and the third laser are collinear.
Further, the distance between the beam of the second laser beam and the beam of the first laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the first laser beam, and the distance between the beam of the third laser beam and the beam of the second laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the second laser beam.
Further, the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 2:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1: 1.5.
Further, the angular adjustment range of the first and second galvanometers 104, 204 and 304 is 1-60 °, so that the first and second laser spots and the third laser spot are moved on the surface to be shaped 401 while maintaining the relative positions.
Further, the surface to be formed 401 is placed on the upper portion of the bed 402.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
a metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the first laser 101 is collimated by the first beam expanding collimator lens 102, enters the first dynamic focusing device 103 to form convergent light, is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 104 to form a large-size light spot on the surface 401 to be formed, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of the material;
further, in step S1, the diameter of the first beam of laser spot is 270 μm, the laser power is 80W, and the preheating temperature is 500K;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: after being collimated by the second beam expanding collimator lens 202, the light path of the second laser 201 enters the second dynamic focusing device 203 to form convergent light, and then is reflected by the second scanning galvanometer 204, so that a small-sized light spot is formed on the surface to be formed 401 after being preheated in step S1, and the powder is melted and formed, wherein the melting peak temperature is 3000K;
further, the diameter of the second laser spot in step S2 is 100 μm, and the laser power is 175W;
s3, post-heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of the third laser 301 is collimated by the third beam expanding collimator lens 302, enters the third dynamic focusing device 303 to form convergent light, is reflected by the third scanning galvanometer 304 to form a light spot with a proper size on the surface 401 to be formed, and is remelted in the formed area of the surface;
further, in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 200 μm, the laser power is 80W, and the remelting temperature is 1600K.
Furthermore, the optical paths of the first laser 101, the second laser 201, and the third laser 301 are parallel to each other two by two, and the beam midpoints of the first laser beam, the second laser beam, and the third laser beam are collinear.
Further, the distance between the beam of the second laser beam and the beam of the first laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the first laser beam, and the distance between the beam of the third laser beam and the beam of the second laser beam is 0.5 times the diameter of the beam of the second laser beam.
Further, the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 3:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1: 2.
Further, the angular adjustment range of the first and second galvanometers 104, 204 and 304 is 1-60 °, so that the first and second laser spots and the third laser spot are moved on the surface to be shaped 401 while maintaining the relative positions.
Further, the surface to be formed 401 is placed on top of the base plate 402.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein can be used in any combination with one another as long as no structural conflict exists, and the combination is not exhaustive in this specification for reasons of brevity and resource economy. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A metal additive manufacturing method based on staged heat treatment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating a metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: the light path of a first laser (101) is collimated by a first beam expanding collimating lens (102), enters a first dynamic focusing device (103) to form convergent light, is reflected by a first scanning galvanometer (104) to form light spots on a surface (401) to be formed, and is subjected to preheating treatment on the surface of a material;
s2, formal forming of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: after being collimated by a second beam expanding collimating lens (202), the light path of a second laser (201) enters a second dynamic focusing device (203) to form convergent light, and is reflected by a second scanning galvanometer (204), and a light spot is formed on the surface (401) to be formed after being preheated in the step S1, so that the powder is melted and formed;
s3, post-heat treatment of the metal additive manufacturing surface forming area: and the light path of the third laser (301) is collimated by a third beam expanding collimating lens (302), enters a third dynamic focusing device (303) to form convergent light, is reflected by a third scanning galvanometer (304), forms light spots on the surface (401) to be formed, and remelting the formed area of the surface.
2. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the diameter of the first laser spot is 300-.
3. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, the diameter of the second laser spot is 100-200 μm, and the laser power is 80-1500W.
4. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein: in step S3, the diameter of the third laser spot is 200-.
5. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein: the light paths of the first laser (101), the second laser (201) and the third laser (301) are parallel to each other pairwise, and the beam midpoints of the first laser beam, the second laser beam and the third laser beam are collinear.
6. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between the beam point of the second laser beam and the midpoint of the first laser beam is 0.5 times of the diameter of the first laser spot, and the distance between the beam point of the third laser beam and the midpoint of the second laser beam is 0.5 times of the diameter of the second laser spot.
7. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein: the ratio of the spot diameter of the first laser beam to the spot diameter of the second laser beam is 3:1-2:1, and the ratio of the spot diameter of the second laser beam to the spot diameter of the third laser beam is 1:1.5-1: 2.
8. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein: the angular adjustment range of the first scanning galvanometer (104), the second scanning galvanometer (204) and the third scanning galvanometer (304) is 1-60 degrees, so that the first laser spot, the second laser spot and the third laser spot keep the relative positions and move on the surface (401) to be formed simultaneously.
9. The staged heat treatment based metal additive manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein: the surface to be formed (401) is placed on top of the base (402).
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| US20180141160A1 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | General Electric Company | In-line laser scanner for controlled cooling rates of direct metal laser melting |
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