CN109702025A - A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing - Google Patents
A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109702025A CN109702025A CN201811586725.8A CN201811586725A CN109702025A CN 109702025 A CN109702025 A CN 109702025A CN 201811586725 A CN201811586725 A CN 201811586725A CN 109702025 A CN109702025 A CN 109702025A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal plastic processing and increase mechanical property, the reciprocating extrusion processing methods of specifically a kind of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.Solving existing processing magnesium alloy method, there are single extrusion deflection is smaller or sample size is small and the technical problems such as nonuniform organization.The present invention includes homogenization heat treating magnesium alloys bar, prepares magnesium alloy pipe blank, pretreatment magnesium alloy pipe blank, configuration pyrographite lubricant, preheating magnesium alloy pipe blank, extrusion magnesium alloy tube billet.Novel reciprocating extrusion processing method of the present invention makes magnesium alloy pipe blank pass through corrugated shear extrusion channel in extrusion process, and magnesium alloy pipe blank diameter constantly changes in the process, wall thickness also constantly changes, blank flow velocity generates difference under the effect of multiple shearing steps, generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is persistently refined.Processing method of the present invention is simple, is the extruding method of ideal high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal plastic processing and increase mechanical property, specifically a kind of high-performance is super
The reciprocating extrusion processing method of fine grain magnesium alloy pipe.
Background technique
In recent years, magnesium and magnesium alloy have received widespread attention because of its unique and excellent comprehensive mechanical property, are current
Most light structural metallic materials.Since magnesium and magnesium alloy have excellent performance characteristics, such as: density is low, light weight, conduction are led
Hot property is fabulous, higher specific strength and specific stiffness, electromagnetic shielding performance are good, machinability is excellent, in addition to this, is also easy to
Recycling, so magnesium and magnesium alloy possess fabulous application prospect, at present in military, aerospace and digital electronic goods etc.
Field has obtained large-scale application.But due to the crystal structure defects of magnesium and magnesium alloy itself, such as: magnesium is solid matter six
Square structure, bootable independent slip system are few, it is difficult to deform, room-temperature mechanical property is poor；In addition to this, magnesium belongs to vivaciously
Metal, being easy to happen chemical reaction aoxidizes it and poor corrosion resistance, therefore significantly limits pushing away for magnesium and magnesium alloy
Wide application.Therefore, the only good magnesium alloy materials of production and processing comprehensive mechanical property can just widen its scope of application.
According to current present Research, mainly pass through alloying and crystal grain to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of magnesium alloy
Refine both approach.Alloying, which refers to, adds one or more elements by melting on the basis of common magnesium alloy, with this
To improve the intensity and hardness of magnesium alloy.But due to needing to add alloying element or rare earth element during alloying smelting,
Danger coefficient height, higher cost.Severe plastic deformation is a kind of major way of crystal grain refinement, and severe plastic deformation can overcome
The shortcomings that traditional diamond-making technique, makes the crystallite dimension of material be refined to submicron order even nanoscale, and obtains excellent synthesis
Mechanical property, common severe plastic deformation specifically include that Equal-channel Angular Pressing, high pressure torsion and accumulation pack rolling etc..This
A little severe plastic deformation methods respectively have feature, and Equal-channel Angular Pressing is a kind of method most widely used at present, before sample squeezes
Shape and size do not change afterwards, can repeatedly repeatedly extrude deformation and accumulate biggish amount of plastic deformation, but its single extrusion
Deflection is smaller；High pressure torsion can prepare the chip sample with more little crystallite size, but its sample size is small and tissue odds
It is even.In short, there are many technical problems and deficiencies for many severe plastic deformation methods.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the situation of background technique, a kind of the reciprocal of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing is provided
Extruding method carries out reciprocating extrusion processing to magnesium alloy pipe in tubular extrusion die, in a heated state, positive
Extruding makes magnesium alloy pipe by corrugated shear extrusion channel and pipe diameter becomes larger, wall thickness also constantly changes, then
Reverse extrusion makes magnesium alloy pipe again by corrugated shear extrusion channel and pipe diameter gradually becomes smaller, and moves in circles, makes
Magnesium alloy pipe generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, can not only refine grain structure, but also can weaken basal plane texture, improve magnesium alloy pipe
Comprehensive mechanical property, application range are wider.The crystallite dimension of magnesium alloy pipe can be refined to 400nm or so.
Technical solution
A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing, includes the following steps:
(1) selected material, chemical reagent
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses be magnesium alloy rod, acetone, dehydrated alcohol, pyrographite powder, machine oil, sand paper,
It is as follows that it prepares dosage: being measurement unit with millimeter, milliliter, gram,
Magnesium alloy bar: AZ31, φ 50mm × 100mm；
Acetone: C3H6O, 1000ml；
Dehydrated alcohol: CH3CH2OH, 2000ml；
Pyrographite powder: C, 600g；
Machine oil: SN 0W-40,1500ml；
Sand paper: SiC, 800 mesh, 3；2400 mesh, 4.
(2) heat treating magnesium alloys bar is homogenized
Homogenization heat treatment carried out to magnesium alloy rod in heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 2h, after taking-up
Slow cooling in air.
(3) magnesium alloy pipe blank is prepared
Magnesium alloy rod is processed into magnesium alloy pipe blank with drilling machine, wire cutting machine.
(4) magnesium alloy pipe blank is pre-processed
1. being roughly ground with 800 mesh sand paper to magnesium alloy pipe blank, the oxide layer and other impurities on its surface are removed, is then used
2400 mesh sand paper refine magnesium alloy pipe blank, make its surface-brightening, cleaning；
2. pouring into concentration 2000ml ethanol solution and 1000ml acetone soln in clearing glass washing trough, and carried out with glass bar
Stirring, mixes them thoroughly, is configured to dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixture；
3. clearing glass washing trough is placed in ultrasonic vibrometer, magnesium alloy pipe blank is put into dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixture
In, ultrasonic vibrometer power switch is opened, vibration washing, time 1h are carried out；
4. magnesium alloy pipe blank is taken out out of clearing glass washing trough with crucible tongs, and closed magnesium with hair dryer after vibration washing
Golden tube billet surfaces externally and internally drying.
(5) pyrographite lubricant is configured
It is poured into beaker with the machine oil that graduated cylinder measures 1000ml, 600 grams of pyrographite powder is measured with spoon and electronic balance
It is added in beaker, and being sufficiently stirred with glass bar is uniformly mixed it, is configured to pyrographite lubricant.
(6) magnesium alloy pipe blank is preheated
Vacuum atmosphere heating furnace is opened, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, when reaching set temperature, by magnesium alloy pipe base
Material is placed in vacuum atmosphere heating furnace, keeps the temperature 0.5h-5h.
(7) extrusion magnesium alloy tube billet
The extrusion process of magnesium alloy pipe blank is carried out on horizontal extruder, is in the Extruding die of heating, solid
Determine extruding punch tool, left squeeze flexible pressure ring and right squeeze is completed under the action of flexible pressure ring；
1. preparing extrusion die
Extruding die is standby with H13 steel, cylindrical, and it is corrugated that Extruding die inner wall longitudinal direction position is provided with longitudinal section
Step is sheared, and the interior angle for shearing step is smooth rounded corner, range is 120-150 °, exterior angle is wedge angle, range 90-
120 °, die cavity inside surface roughness is Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
Fixed press punch-pin is standby with H13 steel, cylindrical, and fixed press punch-pin outer wall longitudinal direction position is provided with longitudinal section and is in
Undulatory shearing step, and the interior angle for shearing step is smooth rounded corner, range is 90-120 °, exterior angle is wedge angle, range is
120-150 °, fixed press punch-pin outer surface roughness is Ra0.04-0.10 μm；Shearing step on fixed press punch-pin outer wall
With the corrugated shear extrusion channel of shearing step on Extruding die inner wall；In fixed press punch-pin outer wall and Extruding die
Wall forms left squeezing passage in the left side in corrugated shear extrusion channel；Fixed press punch-pin outer wall and Extruding die inner wall are in wave
The right side in line shape shear extrusion channel forms right squeezing passage；
The left and right flexible pressure ring of extruding is standby with H13 steel, and cross section is annular in shape；It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring and left squeezing passage phase
Cooperation, with a thickness of 2-5mm, the inner wall of the left flexible pressure ring of extruding, the roughness of outer wall are Ra0.04-0.10 μm；Right squeeze is stretched
Pressure ring is matched with right squeezing passage, and with a thickness of 2-5mm, the inner wall of the right flexible pressure ring of extruding, the roughness of outer wall are Ra0.04-
0.10μm。
2. fixed press mold
Pyrographite lubricant is smeared on the inner wall of Extruding die, the outer wall of fixed press punch-pin, by Extruding die and fixation
Extruding punch connects, and is mounted in the left and right fixed bracket of horizontal extruder, is placed in heating mantle, and left extruding is stretched
Contracting pressure ring extend into the left squeezing passage of extrusion die, and the flexible pressure ring of right extruding is extend into the right squeezing passage of extrusion die,
It firmly installs, connection relationship is correct, sequentially operates；
3. opening heating mantle, extrusion die is heated, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, keeps the temperature 0.5h- when reaching set temperature
5h；
4. placing magnesium alloy pipe blank
The inner and outer surfaces of magnesium alloy pipe blank after preheat smear pyrographite lubricant to lubricate, and exit left extruding and stretch
Magnesium alloy pipe blank is placed in the left squeezing passage of extrusion die by contracting pressure ring, is then extend into the flexible pressure ring of left extruding crowded
The left squeezing passage of compression mould contacts magnesium alloy pipe blank；
It is kept the temperature again, soaking time 0.5h-5h；
5. opening the left pressure ring that stretches that squeezes to switch, make the flexible pressure ring right lateral of left extruding, leads to left squeeze of extrusion die is previously placed in
The magnesium alloy pipe blank in road is squeezed, and magnesium alloy pipe blank is under the action of left extruding flexible pressure ring from left squeezing passage
Into corrugated shear extrusion channel, magnesium alloy pipe blank diameter is become larger and wall thickness constantly changes, in multiple shear platforms
Rank acts on lower blank flow velocity and generates difference, occurs repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is refined, and crystal grain c-axis vert it is weak
Change basal plane texture；It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring stopping when the left left squeezing passage for squeezing flexible pressure ring completely into extrusion die
It promotes；It opens the right pressure ring that stretches that squeezes to switch, makes the flexible pressure ring left lateral of right extruding, to the magnesium alloy being placed in extrusion die die cavity
Tube billet is squeezed, and magnesium alloy pipe blank enters corrugated from right squeezing passage under the action of right extruding flexible pressure ring
Shear extrusion channel, magnesium alloy pipe blank diameter gradually becomes smaller and wall thickness constantly changes, under the effect of multiple shearing steps again
Secondary generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is persistently refined, and basal plane texture is persistently weakened；It moves in circles and realizes magnesium alloy
The reciprocating extrusion of tubing is processed；
6. after squeezing, closing heating mantle, the flexible pressure ring of left and right extruding is exited, high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing is taken out,
It is allowed to cooling in air；
(8) polishing, cleaning treatment
The waste material of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing is cut off, and is polished with sand paper its surfaces externally and internally, is put into after polishing
Equipped in the clearing glass washing trough of dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixed solution, concussion is carried out with ultrasonic vibrometer and is washed, finally with blowing
Blower dries up its surfaces externally and internally, final to obtain high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
Conclusion: after magnesium alloy pipe blank is processed by novel reciprocating extrusion processing method, average grain size can be refined
To 400nm or so, basal plane texture obviously weakens, and comprehensive mechanical property is preferable.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
There is apparent advance compared with the background technology, the present invention, be mechanical property coarse for Microstructure of Magnesium Alloy, comprehensive
The situation of energy difference, cuts magnesium alloy pipe blank by corrugated in extrusion process using novel reciprocating extrusion processing method
Squeezing passage is cut, and magnesium alloy pipe blank diameter constantly changes in the process, wall thickness also constantly changes, in multiple shear platforms
Rank acts on lower blank flow velocity and generates difference, and generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is persistently refined, and crystal grain c-axis is constantly sent out
Raw vert weakens basal plane texture, to reach refinement grain structure, reduction basal plane texture, improves the purpose of comprehensive mechanical property.
The reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing of the invention is simple, high-efficient and be easily achieved, before
Scape is preferable, is the extruding method of very ideal high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the reciprocating extrusion machining state figure of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of squeezing passage；
Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 in A-A to diagrammatic cross-section；
As shown in the figure, list of numerals is as follows:
1-extruding machine base, 2-horizontal extruders, 3-display screens, 4-indicator lights, 5-power switches, 6-heating mantles are opened
It closing, the 7-left pressure rings that stretch that squeeze switch, the 8-right flexible pressure ring switches of extruding, 9-left pressure motors, 10-right pressure motors,
11-left connecting wires, 12-right connecting wires, 13-left pressure motor bases, 14-right pressure motor bases, 15-left pressures
Force motor transmission belt, 16-right pressure motor transmission belts, 17-left extruding telescopic cavities, 18-right extruding telescopic cavities, 19-is left crowded
Pressure stretch contracting pressure ring, the 20-right flexible pressure rings of extruding, 21-left fixed brackets, 22-right fixed brackets, 23-Extruding dies, 24-
Fixed press punch-pin, 25-corrugated shear extrusion channels, 26-heating mantles, 27-magnesium alloy pipe blanks, 28-left extruding
Channel, 29-right squeezing passages, the shearing step on 30-Extruding die inner walls, the shearing on 31-fixed press punch-pin outer walls
Step.
Specific embodiment
A kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing, includes the following steps:
(1) selected material, chemical reagent
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses be magnesium alloy rod, acetone, dehydrated alcohol, pyrographite powder, machine oil, sand paper,
It is as follows that it prepares dosage: being measurement unit with millimeter, milliliter, gram,
Magnesium alloy bar: AZ31, φ 50mm × 100mm；
Acetone: C3H6O, 1000ml；
Dehydrated alcohol: CH3CH2OH, 2000ml；
Pyrographite powder: C, 600g；
Machine oil: SN 0W-40,1500ml；
Sand paper: SiC, 800 mesh, 3；2400 mesh, 4；
(2) heat treating magnesium alloys bar is homogenized
Homogenization heat treatment carried out to magnesium alloy rod in heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 2h, after taking-up
Slow cooling in air.
(3) magnesium alloy pipe blank is prepared
Magnesium alloy rod is processed into magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 with drilling machine, wire cutting machine.
(4) magnesium alloy pipe blank is pre-processed
1. being roughly ground with 800 mesh sand paper to magnesium alloy pipe blank 27, the oxide layer and other impurities on its surface are removed, then
Magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 is refined with 2400 mesh sand paper, makes its surface-brightening, cleaning；
2. pouring into concentration 2000ml ethanol solution and 1000ml acetone soln in clearing glass washing trough, and carried out with glass bar
Stirring, mixes them thoroughly, is configured to dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixture；
3. clearing glass washing trough is placed in ultrasonic vibrometer, magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 is put into dehydrated alcohol+acetone and is mixed
In liquid, ultrasonic vibrometer power switch is opened, vibration washing, time 1h are carried out；
4. magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 is taken out out of clearing glass washing trough with crucible tongs after vibration washing, and with hair dryer by magnesium
The drying of 27 surfaces externally and internally of alloy pipe blank.
(5) pyrographite lubricant is configured
It is poured into beaker with the machine oil that graduated cylinder measures 1000ml, 600 grams of pyrographite powder is measured with spoon and electronic balance
It is added in beaker, and being sufficiently stirred with glass bar is uniformly mixed it, is configured to pyrographite lubricant.
(6) magnesium alloy pipe blank is preheated
Vacuum atmosphere heating furnace is opened, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, when reaching set temperature, by magnesium alloy pipe base
Expect in 27 vacuum atmosphere heating furnaces, keeps the temperature 0.5h-5h.
(7) extrusion magnesium alloy tube billet
The extrusion process of magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 is carried out on horizontal extruder 2, be in the Extruding die 23 of heating,
It is completed under the action of pressure ring 20 are stretched in fixed press punch-pin 24, the flexible pressure ring 19 of left extruding and right extruding；
1. preparing extrusion die
Extruding die 23 is standby with H13 steel, cylindrical, is provided with longitudinal section in ripple at 23 inner wall longitudinal direction position of Extruding die
The shearing step of shape, the interior angle of the shearing step 30 on the Extruding die inner wall is smooth rounded corner, range is 120-150 °, outside
Angle is wedge angle, range is 90-120 °, and die cavity inside surface roughness is Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
Fixed press punch-pin 24 is standby with H13 steel, cylindrical, and 24 outer wall longitudinal direction position of fixed press punch-pin is provided with vertical cut
The interior angle of the corrugated shearing step in face, the shearing step 31 on the fixed press punch-pin outer wall is smooth rounded corner, range
It is 90-120 °, exterior angle is wedge angle, range is 120-150 °, and 24 outer surface roughness of fixed press punch-pin is Ra0.04-0.10 μ
m；Fixed press punch-pin 24 protrudes into the die cavity of Extruding die 23, shearing step 31 and Extruding die on fixed press punch-pin outer wall
Shearing step 30 on inner wall forms corrugated shear extrusion channel 25；24 outer wall of fixed press punch-pin and 23 inner wall of Extruding die
Left squeezing passage 28 is formed in the left side in corrugated shear extrusion channel 25；Fixed press punch-pin outer wall and Extruding die inner wall exist
The right side in corrugated shear extrusion channel 25 forms right squeezing passage 29；
The left and right pressure ring 19,20 that stretches that squeezes uses H13 steel standby, and cross section is annular in shape；It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring 19 and left extruding
Channel 28 matches, and with a thickness of 2-5mm, the inner wall of the left flexible pressure ring 19 of extruding, the roughness of outer wall are Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
The right pressure ring 20 that stretches that squeezes is matched with right squeezing passage 29, with a thickness of 2-5mm, right inner wall, the outer wall for squeezing flexible pressure ring 20
Roughness be Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
2. fixed press mold
Pyrographite lubricant is smeared on the inner wall of Extruding die 23, the outer wall of fixed press punch-pin 24, by Extruding die 23
It is connected with fixed press punch-pin 24, is mounted in the left and right fixed bracket 21,22 of horizontal extruder, is placed in heating mantle
In 26, the right pressure ring 20 that stretches that squeezes is extend by the left left squeezing passage 28 for squeezing flexible pressure ring 19 and extending into extrusion die
The right squeezing passage 29 of extrusion die, firmly installs, and connection relationship is correct, sequentially operates；
3. opening heating mantle 26, extrusion die is heated, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, heat preservation when reaching set temperature
0.5h-5h；
4. placing magnesium alloy pipe blank
The inner and outer surfaces of magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 after preheat smear pyrographite lubricant to lubricate, and exit left extruding
Magnesium alloy pipe blank 27, is placed in the left squeezing passage 28 of extrusion die by flexible pressure ring 19, then squeezes flexible pressure ring for left
19 extend into the left squeezing passage 28 of extrusion die, contact magnesium alloy pipe blank 27；
It is kept the temperature again, soaking time 0.5h-5h；
5. open it is left squeeze flexible pressure ring switch 7, make it is left squeeze 19 right lateral of pressure ring that stretches, to being previously placed in the left extruding of extrusion die
The magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 in channel 28 is squeezed, magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 it is left squeeze flexible pressure ring 19 under the action of from
Left squeezing passage 28 enters corrugated shear extrusion channel 25, and 27 diameter of magnesium alloy pipe blank becomes larger and wall thickness constantly becomes
Change, blank flow velocity generates difference under the effect of multiple shearing steps, and generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is refined, and brilliant
Grain c-axis, which verts, weakens basal plane texture；When the left left squeezing passage 28 for squeezing flexible pressure ring 19 completely into extrusion die,
It is left to squeeze the flexible stopping of pressure ring 19 propulsion；The flexible pressure ring switch 8 of right extruding is opened, flexible 20 left lateral of pressure ring of right extruding is made, it is opposed
It is squeezed in the magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 in extrusion die die cavity, magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 squeezes flexible pressure ring 20 right
Under the action of from right squeezing passage 29 enter corrugated shear extrusion channel 25,27 diameter of magnesium alloy pipe blank gradually become smaller and
Wall thickness constantly changes, and generation is repeatedly shear-deformable again under the effect of multiple shearing steps, and grain structure is persistently refined, and base
Plane texture is persistently weakened；It moves in circles and realizes the reciprocating extrusion processing of magnesium alloy pipe；
6. after squeezing, closing heating mantle 26, the flexible pressure ring 19,20 of left and right extruding is exited, high-performance superfine crystalline substance magnesium is taken out and closes
Golden tubing is allowed to cooling in air；
(8) polishing, cleaning treatment
The waste material of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing is cut off, and is polished with sand paper its surfaces externally and internally, is put into after polishing
Equipped in the clearing glass washing trough of dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixed solution, concussion is carried out with ultrasonic vibrometer and is washed, finally with blowing
Blower dries up its surfaces externally and internally, final to obtain high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, being the reciprocating extrusion machining state figure of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing of the present invention, each position, connection
Relationship is correct, firmly installs, sequentially operates.
The amount that the reciprocating extrusion of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing processes used chemical substance material is by preparatory
What the dosage of setting determined, be measurement unit with millimeter, milliliter, gram,.
The extrusion process of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing is carried out on horizontal extruder 2, is squeezing in heating
In indentation mould 23, completed under the action of pressure ring 20 are stretched in fixed press punch-pin 24, the flexible pressure ring 19 of left extruding and right extruding；
Extruder be it is horizontal, to squeeze machine base 1 below extruder, be provided with display screen on the console of horizontal extruder 2
3, indicator light 4, power switch 5, heating mantle switch 6, the flexible pressure ring switch 7 of left extruding, the right pressure ring that stretches that squeezes start 8；It is squeezing
Press arranged on left and right sides is provided with left pressure motor 9, right pressure motor 10, and left pressure motor 9, right pressure motor 10 pass through respectively
Left connecting wire 11, right connecting wire 12 are connected with horizontal extruder 2；Below left pressure motor 9, right pressure motor 10 respectively
For left pressure motor base 13, right pressure motor base 14, top is respectively left pressure motor transmission belt 15, right pressure motor biography
Dynamic band 16；Left extruding telescopic cavity 17 is respectively arranged with above left pressure motor transmission belt 15, right pressure motor transmission belt 16, the right side is squeezed
Telescopic cavity 18 is pressed, the flexible pressure ring 19 of left extruding is respectively arranged in left extruding telescopic cavity 17, right extruding telescopic cavity 18, right extruding is stretched
Contracting pressure ring 20；Left fixed bracket 21 and right fixed bracket 22, left and right fixed bracket 21,22 are provided with above horizontal extruder 2
Between for Extruding die 23 and fixed press punch-pin 24；Left squeezing passage is formed between Extruding die 23 and fixed press punch-pin 24
28, corrugated shear extrusion channel 25, right squeezing passage 29；23 inner wall longitudinal direction position of Extruding die is provided with longitudinal section in ripple
The shearing step of shape, and the interior angle of the shearing step 30 on the Extruding die inner wall is smooth rounded corner, exterior angle is wedge angle；It is fixed
24 outer wall longitudinal direction position of extruding punch is provided with the corrugated shearing step in longitudinal section, and on the fixed press punch-pin outer wall
The interior angle for shearing step 31 is smooth rounded corner, exterior angle is wedge angle；Extruding die 23 is provided with 24 periphery of fixed press punch-pin
Heating mantle 26；It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring 19 by pre-set programs movement, the magnesium for being previously placed in the left squeezing passage 28 of extrusion die is closed
Golden tube billet 27 is squeezed, and magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 is under the action of left extruding flexible pressure ring 19 from left squeezing passage 28
Into corrugated shear extrusion channel 25,27 diameter of magnesium alloy pipe blank becomes larger and wall thickness constantly changes, and cuts multiple
It cuts step and acts on lower blank flow velocity generation difference, generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is refined, and crystal grain c-axis inclines
Turn reduction basal plane texture；When the left left squeezing passage 28 for squeezing flexible pressure ring 19 completely into extrusion die, left squeeze is stretched
Pressure ring 19 stops promoting；Open it is right squeeze flexible pressure ring 20, to the magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 being placed in extrusion die die cavity into
Row squeezes, and magnesium alloy pipe blank 27 enters corrugated from right squeezing passage 29 under the action of right extruding flexible pressure ring 20 and shears
Squeezing passage 25,27 diameter of magnesium alloy pipe blank gradually becomes smaller and wall thickness constantly changes, under the effect of multiple shearing steps again
Secondary generation is repeatedly shear-deformable, and grain structure is persistently refined, and basal plane texture is persistently weakened, and moves in circles to obtain height
Performance ultra-fine grained magnesium alloy tubing.When concrete application, the left and right ends of fixed press punch-pin 24 or wherein one end, which are stretched out, to be fixed
Bracket (such as left fixed bracket is stretched out in left end), and telescopic cavity support is squeezed by left and/or right；Left and/or right squeezes flexible pressure
Ring set is in the end outlet that fixed press punch-pin 24 stretches out to realize reciprocating extrusion operation.
It is the diagrammatic cross-section of squeezing passage shown in Fig. 2, shearing step 31 on the fixed press punch-pin outer wall and squeezes
The shearing step 30 pressed on mould inner wall forms corrugated shear extrusion channel 25；24 outer wall of fixed press punch-pin and extruding
23 inner wall of cavity plate forms left squeezing passage 28 in the left side of corrugated shearing step；24 outer wall of fixed press punch-pin and extruding
23 inner wall of cavity plate forms right squeezing passage 29 on the right side of corrugated shearing step；
Shown in Fig. 3, be in Fig. 2 A-A to diagrammatic cross-section, the cross section of the Extruding die 23 is annular, and fixed press is convex
The cross section of mould 24 is circle.The cross section of squeezing passage between the Extruding die 23 and fixed press punch-pin 24 is ring
Shape.
The present invention is by the principle that reciprocating extrusion processing prepares high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing:
The flexible pressure ring of left extruding is opened, the magnesium-alloy tube blank being previously placed in extrusion die die cavity is squeezed, magnesium alloy
Blank enters corrugated shear extrusion channel, magnesium-alloy tube blank from left squeezing passage under the action of left extruding flexible pressure ring
Diameter becomes larger and wall thickness constantly changes, and blank flow velocity generates difference under the effect of multiple shearing steps, and repeatedly shearing occurs
Deformation, grain structure is refined, and crystal grain c-axis verts and weakens basal plane texture；Flexible pressure ring is squeezed completely into crowded when left
It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring stopping propulsion when the left squeezing passage of compression mould；Open it is right squeeze flexible pressure ring, to being placed in extrusion die
Magnesium-alloy tube blank in die cavity is squeezed, and magnesium-alloy tube blank is under the action of right extruding flexible pressure ring from right squeezing passage
Into corrugated shear extrusion channel, magnesium-alloy tube blank diameter is gradually become smaller and wall thickness constantly changes, in multiple shearing steps
Generation is repeatedly shear-deformable again under effect, and grain structure is persistently refined, and basal plane texture is persistently weakened；Move in circles from
And obtain high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing, which comprises the steps of:
(1) selected material, chemical reagent
Chemical substance material used is magnesium alloy rod, acetone, dehydrated alcohol, pyrographite powder, machine oil, sand paper；
(2) heat treating magnesium alloys bar is homogenized
Homogenization heat treatment carried out to magnesium alloy rod in heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 2h, after taking-up
Slow cooling in air；
(3) magnesium alloy pipe blank is prepared
Magnesium alloy rod is processed into magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) with drilling machine, wire cutting machine；
(4) magnesium alloy pipe blank is pre-processed
(5) pyrographite lubricant is configured
It is poured into beaker with the machine oil that graduated cylinder measures 1000ml, 600 grams of pyrographite powder is measured with spoon and electronic balance
It is added in beaker, and being sufficiently stirred with glass bar is uniformly mixed it, is configured to pyrographite lubricant；
(6) magnesium alloy pipe blank is preheated
Vacuum atmosphere heating furnace is opened, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, when reaching set temperature, by magnesium alloy pipe base
Material (27) is placed in vacuum atmosphere heating furnace, keeps the temperature 0.5h-5h；
(7) extrusion magnesium alloy tube billet
The extrusion process of magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) is carried out on horizontal extruder (2), is the Extruding die in heating
(23) in, fixed press punch-pin (24), it is left squeeze flexible pressure ring (19) and it is right squeeze and stretch pressure ring (20) under the action of complete
's；
1. preparing extrusion die
Extruding die (23) is standby with H13 steel, and cylindrical, Extruding die (23) inner wall longitudinal direction position, which is provided with longitudinal section, is in
The interior angle of undulatory shearing step, the shearing step (30) on the Extruding die inner wall is smooth rounded corner, range 120-
150 °, exterior angle is wedge angle, range is 90-120 °, and die cavity inside surface roughness is Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
Fixed press punch-pin (24) is standby with H13 steel, cylindrical, is provided at fixed press punch-pin (24) outer wall longitudinal direction position
The corrugated shearing step in longitudinal section, the interior angle of the shearing step (31) on the fixed press punch-pin outer wall are smooth rounding
Angle, range are 90-120 °, and exterior angle is wedge angle, range is 120-150 °, and fixed press punch-pin (24) outer surface roughness is
Ra0.04-0.10μm；Fixed press punch-pin (24) protrudes into the die cavity of Extruding die (23), the shearing on fixed press punch-pin outer wall
Shearing step (30) on step (31) and Extruding die inner wall forms corrugated shear extrusion channel (25)；Fixed press punch-pin
(24) outer wall forms left squeezing passage (28) in the left side in corrugated shear extrusion channel (25) with Extruding die (23) inner wall；Gu
Determine extruding punch (24) outer wall and Extruding die (23) inner wall and forms right extruding on the right side in corrugated shear extrusion channel (25)
Channel (29)；
Left and right extruding flexible pressure ring (19,20) is standby with H13 steel, and cross section is annular in shape；It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring (19) and a left side
Squeezing passage (28) matches, and with a thickness of 2-5mm, the inner wall of left extruding flexible pressure ring (19), the roughness of outer wall are Ra0.04-
0.10μm；Right extruding flexible pressure ring (20) is matched with right squeezing passage (29), right to squeeze flexible pressure ring with a thickness of 2-5mm
(20) roughness of inner wall, outer wall is Ra0.04-0.10 μm；
2. fixed press mold
Pyrographite lubricant is smeared on the inner wall of Extruding die (23), the outer wall of fixed press punch-pin (24), will be squeezed recessed
Mould (23) is connected with fixed press punch-pin (24), is mounted in the left and right fixed bracket (21,22) of horizontal extruder (2),
It is placed in heating mantle (26), the left left squeezing passage (28) for squeezing flexible pressure ring (19) and extending into extrusion die squeezes the right side
Pressure stretch contracting pressure ring (20) extend into the right squeezing passage (29) of extrusion die, firmly installs, connection relationship is correct, sequentially operates；
3. opening heating mantle (26), extrusion die is heated, temperature is set as 200 DEG C -550 DEG C, heat preservation when reaching set temperature
0.5h-5h；
4. placing magnesium alloy pipe blank
The inner and outer surfaces of magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) after preheat smear pyrographite lubricant to lubricate, and exit left squeeze
Magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) is placed in the left squeezing passage (28) of extrusion die, then by left extruding by pressure stretch contracting pressure ring (19)
Flexible pressure ring (19) extend into the left squeezing passage (28) of extrusion die, contact magnesium alloy pipe blank (27)；
It is kept the temperature again, soaking time 0.5h-5h；
5. opening the flexible pressure ring switch (7) of left extruding, make flexible pressure ring (19) right lateral of left extruding, it is left to extrusion die is previously placed in
The magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) of squeezing passage (28) is squeezed, and magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) squeezes flexible pressure ring left
(19) enter corrugated shear extrusion channel (25), magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) diameter from left squeezing passage (28) under the action of
It becoming larger and wall thickness constantly changes, blank flow velocity generates difference under the effect of multiple shearing steps, and generation is repeatedly shear-deformable,
Grain structure is refined, and crystal grain c-axis verts and weakens basal plane texture；Flexible pressure ring (19) are squeezed completely into extruding when left
It is left to squeeze flexible pressure ring (19) stopping propulsion when left squeezing passage (28) of mold；It opens the right pressure ring that stretches that squeezes and switchs (8),
Make flexible pressure ring (20) left lateral of right extruding, the magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) being placed in extrusion die die cavity is squeezed, magnesium
Alloy pipe blank (27) enters corrugated shearing from right squeezing passage (29) under the action of right extruding flexible pressure ring (20) and squeezes
Pressure passageway (25), magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) diameter gradually becomes smaller and wall thickness constantly changes, under the effect of multiple shearing steps
Generation is repeatedly shear-deformable again, and grain structure is persistently refined, and basal plane texture is persistently weakened；It moves in circles and realizes that magnesium closes
The reciprocating extrusion of golden tubing is processed；
6. after squeezing, closing heating mantle (26), exits left and right squeeze and stretch pressure ring (19,20), it is brilliant to take out high-performance superfine
Magnesium alloy pipe is allowed to cooling in air.
2. a kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing as described in claim 1, feature exist
In, further include step (8) polishing, cleaning treatment
The waste material of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing obtained by excision step (7), and polished with sand paper its surfaces externally and internally,
It is put into after polishing equipped in the clearing glass washing trough of dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixed solution, carries out concussion with ultrasonic vibrometer and wash
It washs, is finally dried up its surfaces externally and internally with hair dryer, it is final to obtain high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing.
3. a kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature
It is, it is as follows that step (4) pre-processes magnesium alloy pipe blank (27):
1. being roughly ground with 800 mesh sand paper to magnesium alloy pipe blank (27), the oxide layer and other impurities on its surface are removed, with
Magnesium alloy pipe blank is refined with 2400 mesh sand paper afterwards, makes its surface-brightening, cleaning；
2. pouring into concentration 2000ml ethanol solution and 1000ml acetone soln in clearing glass washing trough, and carried out with glass bar
Stirring, mixes them thoroughly, is configured to dehydrated alcohol+acetone mixture；
3. clearing glass washing trough is placed in ultrasonic vibrometer, it is mixed that magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) is put into dehydrated alcohol+acetone
It closes in liquid, opens ultrasonic vibrometer power switch, carry out vibration washing, time 1h；
4. magnesium alloy pipe blank (27) is taken out out of clearing glass washing trough with crucible tongs after vibration washing, and will with hair dryer
The drying of magnesium alloy pipe blank surfaces externally and internally.
4. a kind of reciprocating extrusion processing method of high-performance superfine grained magnesium alloy tubing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature
It is, in step (1), its preparation dosage of each raw material is as follows: being measurement unit with millimeter, milliliter, gram,
Magnesium alloy bar: AZ31, φ 50mm × 100mm；
Acetone: C3H6O, 1000ml；
Dehydrated alcohol: CH3CH2OH, 2000ml；
Pyrographite powder: C, 600g；
Machine oil: SN 0W-40,1500ml；
Sand paper: SiC, 800 mesh, 3；2400 mesh, 4.
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Application publication date: 20190503 |