CN109699240B - automatic seeder - Google Patents
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- CN109699240B CN109699240B CN201910150941.6A CN201910150941A CN109699240B CN 109699240 B CN109699240 B CN 109699240B CN 201910150941 A CN201910150941 A CN 201910150941A CN 109699240 B CN109699240 B CN 109699240B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seeding production line, in particular to an automatic seeder. Including conveyer belt and frame, wherein, be equipped with basin device, once earthing device, once flat native device, perforating device, seeder, secondary earthing device, secondary flat native device and water jet equipment in proper order along the direction of transfer of conveyer belt, put basin device, once earthing device, once flat native device, perforating device, seeder, secondary earthing device, secondary flat native device and water jet equipment all set up in the frame, and seeder is connected with planting needle motion device. Through this seeder, put into kind dish basin, plant with soil and seed after, can directly obtain kind dish basin of planting into seed, production efficiency is high, greatly reduced the cost of labor to vegetable farmer's intensity of labour has been reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seeding production line, in particular to an automatic seeder.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, partial consumers show new and special demands on vegetables, and some novel planting modes are gradually accepted by people. Restaurants desire to keep fresh, especially green leaf vegetables, which not only turn yellow and even rot over time, but also greatly reduce the nutritional value of the vegetables. In addition, many citizens wish to plant vegetables which can be viewed and eaten, and the vegetables can be used as gifts for friends and relatives by the past year.
However, the common users or residents are inconvenient to grow seedlings and prepare soil at home, and many people do not understand the cultivation technology and are difficult to plant successfully. The vegetable farmers with rich cultivation experience sell vegetable seeds to users in the own land by using a potting method, so that the users can maintain the vegetable seeds in the home easily, the convenience is brought to the users, and meanwhile, the farmers can obtain higher economic benefits.
When vegetable growers manufacture potted vegetables, soil needs to be filled into the planting pot and sowed in the early stage, and the work in the early stage is generally completed manually, so that the labor intensity and the workload of the vegetable growers are greatly improved, and the cultivation efficiency of the potted vegetables is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides an automatic seeder, by which a seed dish basin for planting seeds can be directly obtained after the seed dish basin, planting soil and seeds are put in, the production efficiency is high, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the labor intensity of vegetable farmers is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an automatic seeder comprises a conveyor belt and a frame, wherein a basin placing device, a primary earthing device, a primary soil leveling device, a punching device, a seeding device, a secondary earthing device, a secondary soil leveling device and a water spraying device are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, the basin placing device, the primary earthing device, the primary soil leveling device, the punching device, the seeding device, the secondary earthing device, the secondary soil leveling device and the water spraying device are all arranged on the frame, and the seeding device is connected with a seed needle movement device;
the seeding device comprises a seeding device frame, a seed containing groove, a seed needle fixing rod, seed needles, a fixing rod and a movable rod, wherein two ends of the seed containing groove are placed on the seeding device frame, a vibrator is fixed on the bottom surface of the seed containing groove, the fixing rod is arranged on one side of the seed containing groove and is fixed on the seeding device frame, the movable rod is positioned right below the fixing rod, the fixing rod and the movable rod are connected through a plurality of seed guide pipes, the top ends of the seed guide pipes are arranged in the fixing rod, the lower parts of the seed guide pipes are fixedly connected with the movable rod, the seed guide pipes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixing rod and the movable rod, the seed needle fixing rods are positioned above the seed containing groove and the fixing rod, guide plates are respectively fixed on two inner sides of the seeding device frame, guide rails are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the guide plates, the end parts of the seed needle fixing rods slide in the guide rails on two sides respectively, the seed needle fixing rods are connected with the seed needle moving device, a plurality of seed needles are fixed on the bottom surface of the seed needle fixing rod, the seed guide rods correspond to the seed guide pipes, and seeds sucked into the seed guide pipes corresponding to the seed guide pipes below the seed guide pipes;
the two ends of the upper surface of the fixed rod are respectively fixed with a limiting block, the limiting blocks are positioned below the seed needle fixed rod, the middle parts of the limiting blocks are provided with square holes, the stop blocks are arranged in the square holes, the bottoms of the stop blocks are fixedly connected with the movable rods through the up-down moving rods, the up-down moving rods sequentially penetrate through the limiting blocks and the fixed rods, the stop blocks are hinged with the limiting blocks, springs II are arranged between the bottoms of the stop blocks and the limiting blocks, and the springs II are wound on the outer sides of the up-down moving rods;
the bottom of the movable rod is fixed with a photoelectric sensor for a position sensor and a sensing vegetable planting basin.
According to the invention, the seed needle movement device comprises a support, an air cylinder IV and a limiting rod, wherein the air cylinder IV is arranged at the top of the support, the air cylinder IV is hinged with the support, a piston rod of the air cylinder IV is fixedly connected with the seed needle fixing rod, and the limiting rod limiting the position of the seed needle fixing rod is fixed on a cylinder body of the air cylinder IV.
When the seed needle fixing rod is positioned above the seed containing groove, the end part of the seed needle fixing rod is positioned at the bottommost part of the guide rail; when the seed needle fixing rod is positioned right above the fixing rod, the end part of the seed needle fixing rod is positioned at the top of the guide rail.
The basin device comprises a basin device frame, a cylinder I and a cylinder II, wherein the basin device frame is symmetrically provided with two cylinders I and two cylinders II, the end parts of cylinder piston rods are respectively fixed with basin clamps, a plurality of vegetable basins are stored in the basin device frame from top to bottom in a stacking mode, the cylinder I is located above the cylinder II, the cylinder II corresponds to the position of the bottom vegetable basin, the cylinder I corresponds to the position of the second vegetable basin from bottom to top, the two symmetrically arranged cylinders drive the basin clamps to move inwards or outwards simultaneously, and the basin clamps fixedly connected with the cylinder I and the basin clamps fixedly connected with the cylinder II are opposite in movement direction.
The soil covering device comprises a soil bucket I filled with planting soil and a soil covering conveyor belt located below the soil bucket I, wherein the soil covering conveyor belt is located above the conveyor belt I, the seed dishes basin passes through the soil covering conveyor belt and the conveyor belt I, an opening is formed in the bottom of the side face of the soil bucket I, which faces the soil leveling device once, two sides of the opening are respectively provided with a baffle, the distance between the two baffles is not greater than the size of the seed dishes basin below the baffle, and the conveying direction of the soil covering conveyor belt is the same as that of the conveyor belt I.
The primary soil leveling device and the secondary soil leveling device comprise a central rotating shaft and brushes, the central rotating shaft is arranged on the frame, the central rotating shaft is located above the conveyor belt, the vegetable planting basin passes through between the central rotating shaft and the conveyor belt, a plurality of strip-shaped brushes are fixed on the circumferential surface of the central rotating shaft at intervals, and the brushes are arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft.
The punching device comprises a punching device frame, a fixed beam, a movable beam and an air cylinder III, wherein the length directions of the fixed beam and the movable beam are perpendicular to the movement direction of a conveying belt II, the fixed beam is fixed on the punching device frame, the movable beam is located below the fixed beam, the movable beam is located above the conveying belt II, a vegetable planting basin passes through the space between the movable beam and the conveying belt II, the cylinder body of the air cylinder III is fixed on the fixed beam, the bottom end of a piston rod of the air cylinder III is fixedly connected with the movable beam, the fixed beam and the movable beam are connected through a spring I and a guide rod before, the guide rod sequentially passes through the fixed beam and the movable beam, the bottom of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the movable beam, the guide rod slides in the fixed beam, a baffle is arranged at the top of the guide rod, a spring I is arranged between the baffle and the fixed beam, a plurality of punching rods are arranged on the bottom surface of the movable beam along the length direction interval, and the positions and the numbers of the punching rods correspond to the positions and the numbers of planting needles and the seed guide tubes.
The secondary earthing device includes secondary earthing device frame and is equipped with the soil bucket II of planting with soil, soil bucket II is located the top of conveyer belt III, plant the dish basin and pass through between soil bucket II and conveyer belt III, the top of soil bucket II is the opening form, its bottom is equipped with the bar export, bar export perpendicular to conveyer belt III's direction of delivery, be equipped with in the soil bucket II and dial native mechanism and earthing roller, it is located the top of earthing roller to dial native mechanism, dial native mechanism includes pivot and driving lever, the driving lever is the spiral setting along the annular outward surface of pivot, the pivot is articulated with the lateral wall of soil bucket II, the both sides of bar export top are equipped with the earthing roller respectively, be equipped with several rows of earthing nail on the earthing roller along its circumferencial direction, in every row earthing nail, earthing nail along the axial interval setting of earthing roller, earthing nail on two earthing rollers is crisscross setting simultaneously, the rotation direction of two earthing rollers is opposite.
The earthing nail is the toper, and the dimension of earthing nail and earthing roller link is greater than its free end.
The water spraying device comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes which are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of water spraying holes are arranged at the bottom of the water spraying pipes.
The invention also comprises a control device which is respectively connected with the cylinder I, the cylinder II, the cylinder III, the cylinder IV, the vibrator, the photoelectric sensor and the position sensor, thereby realizing the full-automatic action of the whole automatic seeder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device passes through the conveying of conveyer belt, makes kind dish basin can pass through each device voluntarily to in the motion process, automatic procedures such as earthing, seeding and watering have been realized, can obtain kind dish basin of planting into the seed after producing through this automatic seeder, production efficiency is high, with low costs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the basin assembly, the primary soil covering assembly and the primary soil leveling assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the front view of the perforating device, the seed suction needle moving device and the sowing device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the front view of the secondary earthing device, the secondary soil leveling device and the water spraying device;
FIG. 4 is a right side elevational schematic view of the basin dispenser;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the left-hand construction of the primary earthing device;
FIG. 6 is a right side schematic view of the perforating device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the seed needle moving device;
FIG. 8 is a right-side view of the sowing device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stopper;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the guide plate.
In the figure: a frame 1; 2 a conveyor belt I; 3, a basin placing device; 301 a basin placing device rack; 302 cylinder I; 303 cylinder II; 304 basin clips; 4, a primary earthing device; 401 soil bucket I; a 402 baffle; 403 earthing driving belt; 5 a soil leveling device; 501 a soil leveling device frame; 502 a central spindle; 503 hairbrush; 6, a punching device; 601 a fixed beam; 602 spring I; 603 guide bar; 604 cylinder III; 605 a movable beam; 606 the punch device frame; 607 punching a rod; 7 needle movement devices; 701 supporting seat; 702 cylinder IV; 703 a piston rod; 704 a limiting rod; 8, sowing devices; 801 guide plate; 802 seed holding groove; 803 vibrator; 804 fixing the rod; 805 seed guide tube; 806 a movable bar; 807 photosensor; 808 guide rails; 809 kinds of needle fixing rods; 810 needles; 811 spring II; 812 move the rod up and down; 813 stops; a limiting block 814; 9, conveying a belt II; 10 secondary earthing devices; 1001 a deflector rod; a 1002 spindle; 1003 soil bucket II; 1004 covering soil nails; 1005 soil covering rollers; 11 secondary soil leveling devices; 12 a water spraying device; 1201 spray pipes; 13 conveyor III; 14 vegetable basins.
Detailed Description
The foregoing objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than those herein described, and those skilled in the art may readily devise numerous other arrangements that do not depart from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the invention, the automatic seeder of the invention is formed by combining fig. 1, 2 and 3, the conveyor belt penetrates through the whole automatic seeder, in order to ensure the service life of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is divided into three sections, namely a conveyor belt I2, a conveyor belt II 9 and a conveyor belt III 13, so that according to the three sections of conveyor belts, three drawings are respectively given, and the earthing basin sequentially passes through each device in fig. 1, 2 and 3 from left to right in the moving process. The automatic seeder comprises a frame 1, a basin placing device 3, a primary earthing device 4, a primary soil leveling device 5, a punching device 6, a seeding device 8, a secondary earthing device 10, a secondary soil leveling device 11 and a water spraying device 12, wherein the basin placing device 3, the primary earthing device 4, the primary soil leveling device 5, the punching device 6, the seeding device 8, the secondary earthing device 10, the secondary soil leveling device 11 and the water spraying device 12 are all arranged on the frame 1, the devices are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of a conveying belt, and the seeding device 8 is also connected with a seed needle movement device 7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the basin placing device 3 comprises a basin placing device frame 301, a cylinder i 302 and a cylinder ii 303, wherein two cylinders i 302 and two cylinders ii 303 are symmetrically arranged on the basin placing device frame 301, and basin clamps 304 are fixed at the end parts of cylinder piston rods. A plurality of vegetable planting basins 14 are piled up from top to bottom and placed in a basin placing device rack 301, a cylinder I302 is located above a cylinder II 303, the cylinder II 303 corresponds to the position of the bottom vegetable planting basin, and the cylinder I302 corresponds to the position of the second vegetable planting basin from bottom to top. The two symmetrically arranged air cylinders drive the basin clamps to move inwards or outwards simultaneously, and when the two symmetrically arranged basin clamps move inwards simultaneously, the basin clamps clamp the vegetable planting basin; when the two symmetrically arranged basin clamps simultaneously move outwards, the clamping force on the vegetable planting basin is released. Basin clamp fixedly connected with cylinder I302 and basin clamp fixedly connected with cylinder II 303 move in opposite directions: the two basin clamps connected with the air cylinder II 303 move inwards to clamp the bottom vegetable planting basin, the two basin clamps connected with the air cylinder I302 are in an open state at the moment, and the bottom vegetable planting basin does not move along with the conveying belt I2; two basin clamps connected with the air cylinder II 303 move outwards, the vegetable planting basin at the bottom falls onto the conveyor belt I2 and moves forwards along with the rotation of the conveyor belt I2, and the basin clamps connected with the air cylinder I302 are in a clamping state at the moment; when two basin clamps that are connected with cylinder I302 move to the outside, the kind of dish basin between two basin clamps is released, and kind of dish basin whereabouts, two basin clamps that are connected with cylinder II 303 are in the clamping state this moment, kind of dish basin falls to between two basin clamps that are connected with cylinder II 303 to fixed position. With the alternating action of the air cylinder I302 and the air cylinder II 303, the vegetable planting pot is continuously dropped onto the conveyor belt I2 and moves forwards along with the conveyor belt I2.
After leaving the basin placing device 3 along with the conveying belt I2, the basin is firstly moved to the position of the primary earthing device 4. As shown in fig. 5, the primary earthing device 4 comprises an earth bucket i 401 and an earthing conveyor 403 located below the earth bucket i, the earthing conveyor 403 is located above the conveyor i 2, and the seed dishes pass between the earthing conveyor 403 and the conveyor i 2. The side bottom of soil bucket I401 towards once flat native device is equipped with the opening, and soil bucket I401 is equipped with a large amount of planting and uses soil, and the direction of transfer of earthing conveyer belt 403 is the same with the direction of transfer of conveyer belt I2. Under the conveying effect of the earthing conveyor belt 403, the soil for planting is continuously conveyed to the opening of the soil bucket I, the two sides of the opening are respectively provided with a baffle plate 402, and the distance between the two baffle plates 402 is not greater than the size of the seed dish basin below the baffle plates, so that the soil for planting can be ensured to fall into the seed dish basin completely. The planting pot is basically filled with planting soil through the one-time earthing device.
The seed basin covered with soil for the first time is conveyed to the position of the soil leveling device 5 along with the conveying belt I2. The primary soil leveling device 5 comprises a primary soil leveling device frame 501, a central rotating shaft 502 and a hairbrush 503, wherein the central rotating shaft 502 is arranged on the primary soil leveling device frame 501, the central rotating shaft 502 can rotate under the action of a motor, the central rotating shaft 502 is positioned above the conveying belt I2, and the vegetable planting basin passes between the central rotating shaft 502 and the conveying belt I2. A plurality of brushes 503 are fixed on the circumference surface of the central rotating shaft 502 at intervals, and the brushes 503 are bar-shaped and are arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 502. In the rotation process of the central rotating shaft 502, the hairbrush 503 is driven to rotate, and the hairbrush 503 can brush the soil surface on the surface of the vegetable planting basin to be smooth, so that the follow-up process is facilitated.
After leaving the conveyor belt I2, the vegetable basin continues to move to the conveyor belt II 9 under the action of inertia force. As shown in fig. 2, under the conveying action of the conveyor belt ii 9, the seed basin moves to the punching device 6. As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the punching device 6 includes a punching device frame 606, a fixed beam 601, a movable beam 605, and a cylinder iii 604, the length directions of the fixed beam 601 and the movable beam 605 being perpendicular to the moving direction of the conveyor belt ii 9. The fixed beam 601 is fixed on the frame 606 of the punching device, the movable beam 605 is positioned below the fixed beam 601, the movable beam 605 is positioned above the conveyor belt II 9, and the vegetable planting pot passes between the movable beam 605 and the conveyor belt II 9. The cylinder body of the cylinder III 604 is fixed on the fixed beam 601, and the bottom end of a piston rod of the cylinder III 604 is fixedly connected with the movable beam 605. The fixed beam 601 and the movable beam 605 are previously connected by a spring I602 and a guide rod 603: the guide rod 603 sequentially passes through the fixed beam 601 and the movable beam 605, the bottom of the guide rod 603 is fixedly connected with the movable beam 605, and the guide rod 603 slides in the fixed beam 601. The top of guide bar 603 is equipped with the baffle, and the baffle is located the top of fixed beam 601, is equipped with spring I602 between baffle and the fixed beam 601. The bottom surface of the movable beam 605 is provided with a plurality of punching bars 607 spaced apart along the length direction thereof. When the seed dish basin moves to the lower part of the movable beam 605, the cylinder III 604 acts to push the movable beam 605 to move downwards, and the punching rod 607 on the movable beam 605 also moves downwards until the punching rod is inserted into the soil of the seed dish basin, so that a planting hole of seeds is formed in the seed dish basin. The direction of movement of the movable beam 605 can be ensured by the guiding action of the guide rod 603. Meanwhile, in the process that the movable beam 605 drives the guide rod 603 to move downwards, the spring I602 is compressed, and thrust is generated in the spring I602 at the moment; cylinder iii 604 ends, and the movable beam 605 moves upward and returns under the urging force of the spring i 602. In the invention, the action frequency of the air cylinder III 604 is determined according to the number of actually needed planting holes, so as to ensure that a plurality of rows of planting holes are punched in the planting pot.
After the vegetable planting basin is perforated, the vegetable planting basin moves to the sowing device 8 along with the conveyor belt II 9, and the sowing device 8 is connected with the seed needle movement device 7. The seeding device 8 comprises a seeding device frame, a seed containing groove 802, a seed needle fixing rod 809, a seed needle, a fixing rod 804 and a movable rod 806, wherein two ends of the seed containing groove 802 are placed on the seeding device frame, a vibrator 803 is fixed on the bottom surface of the seed containing groove 802, seeds in the seed containing groove 802 vibrate under the vibration action of the vibrator 803, so that the seed needle can independently suck seeds in the seed sucking process, and the situation that a plurality of seeds are sucked simultaneously to cause the blockage of the seed needle is prevented. One side of the seed holding groove 802 is provided with a fixed rod 804, the fixed rod 804 is fixed on the frame of the seeding device, a movable rod 806 is positioned under the fixed rod 804, the fixed rod 804 and the movable rod 806 are connected through a plurality of seed guide pipes 805, the top ends of the seed guide pipes 805 are arranged in the fixed rod 804, the lower part of the seed guide pipes 805 is fixed in the movable rod 806, and the seed guide pipes 805 are arranged at intervals along the length directions of the fixed rod and the movable rod. The seed needle fixing rod 809 is located above the seed holding groove 802 and the fixing rod 804, two ends of the seed needle fixing rod 809 are respectively arranged in the guide rails 808 on the guide plate 801, the guide plates 801 are respectively fixed on two inner sides of the sowing device frame, as shown in fig. 10, the guide rails 808 are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the guide plates 801, and the end parts of the seed needle fixing rod 809 can slide in the guide rails 808. The seed needle fixing rod 809 is connected with the seed needle moving device 7, and the seed needle fixing rod 809 moves from the upper side of the seed containing groove 802 to the upper side of the fixing rod 804 along the guide rail 808 under the drive of the seed needle moving device 7, so that the guide rail 808 plays a role in limiting the movement track of the seed needle fixing rod. A plurality of seed needles 810 are fixed on the bottom surface of the seed needle fixing rod 809, the seed needles 810 correspond to the seed guide tubes 805, and seeds sucked by the seed needles 810 can directly fall into the seed guide tubes 805 corresponding to the lower positions. Meanwhile, the positions and the number of the seed needles and the seed guide tubes also correspond to the positions and the number of the punching rods in the punching device.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the seed needle moving device 7 includes a support 701, a cylinder iv 702 and a limiting rod 704, the cylinder iv 702 is disposed at the top of the support 701, the cylinder iv 702 is hinged to the support 701, two piston rods 703 of the cylinder iv 702 are respectively fixedly connected with the seed needle fixing rod 809, and the limiting rod 704 is fixed on the cylinder body of the cylinder iv 702, in this embodiment, the limiting rod 704 is located between the two piston rods 703, when the piston rods 703 drive the seed needle fixing rod to move from the seed accommodating groove to the fixing rod 804, and when the seed needle fixing rod moves to contact with the limiting rod 704, the seed needle fixing rod cannot continue moving under the limiting effect of the limiting rod 704, so that the position of the seed needle fixing rod is limited right above the seed guide tube 805. The bottom of movable rod 806 is fixed with photoelectric sensor 807, and photoelectric sensor 807 is used for responding to kind dish basin, and when photoelectric sensor 807 sensed kind dish basin, can produce the signal, control cylinder IV 702 work, and cylinder IV 702 constantly drives kind needle 810 and inhales the seed from flourishing seed groove 802, then transports the top of leading seed pipe 805 and releases the seed, puts into planting with the seed.
As shown in fig. 2, 8 and 9, two ends of the upper surface of the fixing rod 804 are respectively fixed with a limiting block 814, and the limiting block 814 is located below the seed needle fixing rod 809. The middle part of stopper 814 is equipped with square hole, and dog 813 sets up in square downthehole, and through reciprocate pole 812 fixed connection between the bottom of dog 813 and the movable rod 806, reciprocate pole 812 and pass stopper 814 and dead lever 804 in proper order, articulate between dog 813 and the stopper 814, and be equipped with spring II 811 between dog 813 and the stopper 814, the outside of reciprocate pole 812 is twined to spring II 811. When the seed needle fixing rod 809 moves from the seed containing groove to the seed guide pipe direction, when the bottom of the seed needle fixing rod 809 contacts with the top of the stop block 813, the seed needle fixing rod 809 can generate downward pressure on the stop block 813, the stop block 813 moves downward at the moment, the movable rod 806 is driven to move downward through the up-down moving rod 812, and at the moment, the spring II 811 between the stop block 813 and the limiting block 814 generates pressure; when the seed needle fixing rod 809 leaves the stopper 813, the stopper automatically returns under the elastic force of the spring ii 811. The bottom of the movable rod 806 is fixed with a position sensor, and when the position of the movable rod 806 descends, the position sensor can generate a signal and control the seed needle to automatically release seeds, and the seeds fall into the planting holes of the seed dish basin along the seed guide tube 805 under the action of gravity.
The working principle of the seeding device is as follows: when the photoelectric sensor 807 senses the vegetable planting basin, the cylinder IV 702 in the vegetable planting needle movement device completes the extension and retraction of the piston rod 703 according to the set frequency. During the extension process of the piston rod 703, the seed needle fixing rod 809 is driven to be located above the seed containing groove 802, and the seed needle 810 sucks the seeds in the seed containing groove 802, at this time, the end of the seed needle fixing rod 809 is located at the bottommost part of the guide rail 808. After the seed is sucked into the seed needle 810, the piston rod 703 is quickly retracted, so that the seed needle fixing rod is driven to move towards the direction of the fixing rod, at this time, two ends of the seed needle fixing rod 809 move along the guide rail 808, and when the end of the seed needle fixing rod 809 moves to the top of the guide rail 808, the seed needle fixing rod 809 is located right above the fixing rod, at this time, the seed needle 810 is right against the seed guide tube 805 below the seed needle fixing rod. The seed needle fixing rod 809 contacts with the stop block 813 of the limiting block, and generates downward pressure on the stop block 813, so that the movable rod 806 is driven to move downwards, and the position of the position sensor on the movable rod 806 changes, so that the signal sent by the position sensor can control the seed needle 810 to automatically release seeds. Meanwhile, the limiting rod 704 on the cylinder IV 702 can prevent the planting fixing rod 809 from continuously moving towards the direction of the cylinder IV, and the cylinder IV is protected. And then the piston rod of the cylinder IV 702 is extended, and the above actions are repeated to drive the seed needle fixing rod to move above the seed containing groove and the fixing rod, and simultaneously the seed needle is used for continuously completing seed sucking and seed discharging actions, so that the seeding action is completed.
After the seeding action is completed, under the action of the conveying force of the conveying belt II 9, the vegetable planting basin continues to move to the conveying belt III 13, and as shown in fig. 3, the vegetable planting basin moves to the secondary soil covering device. The secondary earthing device comprises a secondary earthing device frame and an earth bucket II 1003, wherein the earth bucket II 1003 is positioned above the conveyor belt III 13, and the vegetable planting basin passes through between the earth bucket II 1003 and the conveyor belt III 13. The top of the soil bucket II 1003 is in an opening shape, a strip-shaped outlet is arranged at the bottom of the soil bucket II, the strip-shaped outlet is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying belt III 13, and planting soil is contained in the soil bucket II 1003. A soil stirring mechanism and a soil covering roller 1005 are arranged in the soil bucket II 1003, wherein the soil stirring mechanism is positioned above the soil covering roller. The soil poking mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 1002 and a poking rod 1001, the poking rod 1001 is arranged in a spiral mode on the annular outer surface of the rotating shaft 1002, and the rotating shaft 1002 is hinged to the side wall of the soil bucket II 1003. In the rotation process of the rotating shaft 1002, the stirring rod 1001 plays a role in stirring the planting soil, so that the soil can fall conveniently. The both sides of bar export top are equipped with earthing roller 1005 respectively, are equipped with several rows of earthing nail 1004 along its circumferencial direction on the earthing roller 1005, in every row earthing nail, earthing nail along earthing roller's axial interval setting, earthing nail 1004 on two earthing rollers are crisscross setting simultaneously, two earthing roller 1005's rotation opposite direction, consequently two earthing roller rotation in-process, through two earthing roller crisscross earthing nail that sets up with planting soil extrusion whereabouts, realized that planting is with even, a small amount of whereabouts of soil, guaranteed that it is even and a small amount of earthing at planting dish basin surface. In the present invention, the soil covering nail 1004 is tapered, that is, the size of the connecting end of the soil covering nail 1004 and the soil covering roller is larger than the size of the free end.
After the surface of the seed is evenly covered with soil, the surface of the seed basin is subjected to secondary soil leveling through the secondary soil leveling device 11 so as to ensure the surface of the seed basin to be smooth. The structure of the secondary soil leveling device 11 is the same as that of the primary soil leveling device 5, and will not be described in detail here.
The vegetable planting basin after secondary soil leveling moves to the water spraying device 12 along with the conveyor belt III 13. The water spraying device 12 comprises a plurality of parallel water spraying pipes 1201, a plurality of water spraying holes are formed in the bottoms of the water spraying pipes 1201, and irrigation water is sprayed into the planting basin by means of water spraying Kong Penru to irrigate seeds in the planting basin.
The invention also comprises a control device which is respectively connected with the cylinder I302, the cylinder II 303, the cylinder III 604, the cylinder IV 702, the vibrator 803, the photoelectric sensor 807 and the position sensor, thereby realizing the full-automatic action of the whole automatic seeder.
The working process of the invention is as follows: under the conveying effect of the conveying belt I2, the conveying belt II 9 and the conveying belt III 13, after the vegetable planting basin is placed on the conveying belt I2 by the basin placing device 3, the vegetable planting basin sequentially passes through the primary earthing device 4, the primary earthing device 5, the punching device 6, the sowing device 8, the secondary earthing device 10, the secondary earthing device 11 and the water spraying device 12, a large amount of planting soil falls into the planting basin at the position of the primary earthing device 4, the planting soil in the planting basin is scraped and smoothed by the brush in the primary earthing device 5, a plurality of rows of planting holes are formed on the surface of the planting soil by the punching rod 607 in the punching device 6 according to the setting of the control device, then seeds are sowed into the planting holes by the sowing device, a small amount of planting soil is uniformly covered on the surface of the seeds by the secondary earthing device 10, the sowing holes are scraped and smoothed by the secondary earthing device, and finally the whole sowing process is finished by watering by the water spraying device 12.
The automatic seeder provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. An automatic seeder, comprising a conveyor belt and a frame (1), characterized in that: the device comprises a basin placing device (3), a primary earthing device (4), a primary soil leveling device (5), a punching device (6), a seeding device (8), a secondary earthing device (10), a secondary soil leveling device (11) and a water spraying device (12) which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of a conveying belt, wherein the basin placing device (3), the primary earthing device (4), the primary soil leveling device (5), the punching device (6), the seeding device (8), the secondary earthing device (10), the secondary soil leveling device (11) and the water spraying device (12) are arranged on a frame (1), and the seeding device (8) is connected with a seed needle movement device (7);
the sowing device (8) comprises a sowing device frame, a seed containing groove (802), a seed needle fixing rod (809), seed needles, a fixing rod (804) and a movable rod (806), wherein the two ends of the seed containing groove (802) are placed on the sowing device frame, a vibrator (803) is fixed on the bottom surface of the seed containing groove (802), the fixing rod (804) is arranged on one side of the seed containing groove (802), the fixing rod (804) is fixed on the sowing device frame, the movable rod (806) is located under the fixing rod (804), the fixing rod (804) is connected with the movable rod (806) through a plurality of seed guide pipes (805), the top ends of the seed guide pipes (805) are arranged in the fixing rod (804), the lower parts of the seed guide pipes (805) are fixedly connected with the movable rod (806), the seed guide pipes (805) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixing rod and the movable rod, the seed needle fixing rod (809) are located above the seed containing groove (802) and the fixing rod (804), guide plates (801) are respectively fixed on the two inner sides of the sowing device frame, the guide plates (801) are located under the fixing rods (809), the guide plates (809) are respectively provided with the needle fixing rods (808), the needle fixing rods (808) are connected with the two sides of the needle fixing device (808) in a sliding mode, the seed needle (810) corresponds to the seed guide tube (805);
limiting blocks (814) are respectively fixed at two ends of the upper surface of the fixed rod (804), the limiting blocks (814) are located below the seed needle fixed rod (809), square holes are formed in the middle of the limiting blocks (814), a stop block (813) is arranged in each square hole, the bottom of the stop block (813) is fixedly connected with the movable rod (806) through an up-down moving rod (812), the up-down moving rod (812) sequentially penetrates through the limiting blocks (814) and the fixed rod (804), the stop block (813) is hinged with the limiting blocks (814), a spring II (811) is arranged between the bottom of the stop block (813) and the limiting blocks (814), and the spring II (811) is wound on the outer side of the up-down moving rod (812);
a position sensor and a photoelectric sensor (807) for sensing the vegetable planting basin are fixed at the bottom of the movable rod (806);
the seed needle movement device (7) comprises a support (701), an air cylinder IV (702) and a limiting rod (704), wherein the air cylinder IV (702) is arranged at the top of the support (701), the air cylinder IV (702) is hinged with the support (701), a piston rod (703) of the air cylinder IV (702) is fixedly connected with a seed needle fixing rod (809), and the limiting rod (704) for limiting the position of the seed needle fixing rod is fixed on the cylinder body of the air cylinder IV (702);
the basin placing device (3) comprises a basin placing device frame (301), a cylinder I (302) and a cylinder II (303), wherein the basin placing device frame (301) is symmetrically provided with two cylinders I (302) and two cylinders II (303), the end parts of cylinder piston rods are respectively fixed with a basin clamp (304), a plurality of vegetable basins (14) are piled up from top to bottom and placed in the basin placing device frame (301), the cylinder I (302) is positioned above the cylinder II (303), the cylinder II (303) corresponds to the position of the bottommost vegetable basin, the cylinder I (302) corresponds to the position of the second vegetable basin from bottom to top, and the symmetrically arranged cylinders drive the basin clamps to move inwards or outwards simultaneously, and the basin clamps fixedly connected with the cylinder I (302) and the basin clamps fixedly connected with the cylinder II (303) are opposite in moving direction; the primary soil covering device (4) comprises a soil bucket I (401) filled with planting soil and a soil covering conveyor belt (403) positioned below the soil bucket I, wherein the soil covering conveyor belt (403) is positioned above the conveyor belt I (2), a seed dish basin passes through between the soil covering conveyor belt (403) and the conveyor belt I (2), an opening is formed in the bottom of the side face of the soil bucket I (401) facing the primary soil leveling device, baffles (402) are respectively arranged on two sides of the opening, the distance between the two baffles (402) is not larger than the size of the seed dish basin below the baffles, and the conveying direction of the soil covering conveyor belt (403) is the same as that of the conveyor belt I (2);
the primary soil leveling device and the secondary soil leveling device comprise a central rotating shaft and brushes, the central rotating shaft is arranged on the frame, the central rotating shaft is positioned above the conveyor belt, the vegetable planting basin passes between the central rotating shaft and the conveyor belt, a plurality of strip-shaped brushes are fixed on the circumferential surface of the central rotating shaft at intervals, and the brushes are arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft;
the perforating device (6) comprises a perforating device frame (606), a fixed beam (601), a movable beam (605) and a cylinder III (604), wherein the fixed beam (601) and the movable beam (605) are perpendicular to the movement direction of a conveyor belt II (9), the fixed beam (601) is fixed on the perforating device frame (606), the movable beam (605) is positioned below the fixed beam (601), the movable beam (605) is positioned above the conveyor belt II (9), a vegetable planting basin passes through between the movable beam (605) and the conveyor belt II (9), a cylinder body of the cylinder III (604) is fixed on the fixed beam (601), the bottom end of a piston rod of the cylinder III (604) is fixedly connected with the movable beam (605), the fixed beam (601) and the movable beam (605) are connected with a guide rod (603) through a spring I (602) before, the guide rod (603) sequentially passes through the fixed beam (601) and the movable beam (605), the bottom of the guide rod (603) is fixedly connected with the movable beam (605) above the conveyor belt II (9), the guide rod (603) is positioned above the fixed beam (601), the guide rod (603) is provided with a baffle plate (601) along the length of the fixed beam (601) and the baffle plate (605) is arranged on the top of the movable beam (605), the positions and the number of the punching rods correspond to the positions and the number of the seed needles and the seed guide tubes;
the secondary earthing device comprises a secondary earthing device frame and an earth bucket II (1003) filled with soil for planting, wherein the earth bucket II (1003) is positioned above a conveyor belt III (13), a seed dish basin passes through between the earth bucket II (1003) and the conveyor belt III (13), the top of the earth bucket II (1003) is in an opening shape, a strip-shaped outlet is arranged at the bottom of the earth bucket II, the strip-shaped outlet is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt III (13), an earthing mechanism and an earthing roller (1005) are arranged in the earth bucket II (1003), the earthing mechanism is positioned above the earthing roller, the earthing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (1002) and a deflector rod (1001), the deflector rod (1001) is spirally arranged along the annular outer surface of the rotating shaft (1002), the rotating shaft (1002) is hinged with the side wall of the earth bucket II (1003), a plurality of earthing rollers (1005) are respectively arranged on two sides above the strip-shaped outlet, in each row of earthing rollers, the earthing rollers are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the earthing rollers, and meanwhile, the earthing rollers (1005) are alternately arranged in the opposite directions;
the earthing nail (1004) is conical, and the size of the connecting end of the earthing nail (1004) and the earthing roller is larger than that of the free end of the earthing nail;
the water spraying device (12) comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes (1201) which are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of water spraying holes are formed in the bottom of the water spraying pipes (1201).
2. The automatic seeder as in claim 1, wherein: when the seed needle fixing rod (809) is positioned above the seed containing groove (802), the end part of the seed needle fixing rod (809) is positioned at the bottommost part of the guide rail (808); when the seed needle fixing bar (809) is located right above the fixing bar, the end of the seed needle fixing bar (809) is located at the topmost portion of the guide rail (808).
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| CN201910150941.6A CN109699240B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | automatic seeder |
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| CN201910150941.6A CN109699240B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | automatic seeder |
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| CN109699240B true CN109699240B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111052912A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 江苏大学 | Air-suction vibration disc type precision seedling raising and sowing production line device and control method thereof |
| CN111699786A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-25 | 吴事旺 | Flower seed seeding perforating device |
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