CN109696241B - Polarization state detection device, detection method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polarization state detection device, detection method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109696241B CN109696241B CN201910132698.5A CN201910132698A CN109696241B CN 109696241 B CN109696241 B CN 109696241B CN 201910132698 A CN201910132698 A CN 201910132698A CN 109696241 B CN109696241 B CN 109696241B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0224—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using polarising or depolarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
Abstract
The present invention provides a polarization state detection apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a beam expander, a wave plate and wave plate fixing structure, a diaphragm array structure, a polarization beam splitter prism and two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors; also provides a detection method and application thereof. The device of the invention adopts all fixed elements, thereby realizing high stability and quick polarization state detection, and the compact optical design ensures that the device has smaller size, thereby realizing miniaturization and meeting the requirements of wider application occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of light measurement, and particularly relates to a polarization state detection device, a detection method and application thereof.
Background
Polarization state information of light is one of the basic properties of a light field, from which a large amount of valuable information can be obtained by measuring the polarization state of light. Obtaining the change of the polarization state of incident light before and after passing through a sample in a spectral measurement can obtain the related physical or chemical properties of the sample; the application in medical imaging can detect specific tissue lesions; in astronomical measurements, the spectral polarization information of a remote celestial body is acquired to obtain the related material properties of the celestial body. If the polarization state controller is matched with a corresponding polarization state controller, the polarization state of the output light is measured in real time, and the arbitrary control of the polarization state of the output light can be realized through feedback control, which has very important significance in some applications such as communication or precision measurement.
Four Stokes parameters (S) are generally used0，S1，S2，S3) Any polarization state of the light is described and thus a measurement of the polarization state is translated into a measurement of the stokes parameters. There are many methods for detecting the polarization state of any optical field, for example, the incident light is made to pass through a rotating quarter-wave plate and then a polarizer in a fixed direction, and then the change of the light intensity of the transmitted light beam is measured, which is a detector structure commonly used in commercial polarization detectors. And constructed using phase retarders, e.g. voltage-controlled liquid crystals, electro-optic crystals or photoelastic modulatorsThe polarization detector generally makes incident light respectively pass through two phase retarders which are independently modulated and have a phase main axis forming a 45-degree angle, then measures a light intensity signal of a transmitted light beam through a polaroid in a fixed direction, and obtains a corresponding stokes parameter of the incident light through phase-locked loop demodulation and calculation. And some other polarization detectors detect the light intensity signal after passing through different separating elements respectively after splitting the incident light into a plurality of beams of light, thus obtain the polarization state of the incident light, it can realize the higher data detection speed, and the cost of manufacture is lower, but the component is more to be unfavorable for integrating and realizing miniaturization.
The prior art mainly has the problems that: first, the detector using the rotating wave plate has poor stability due to the use of mechanical parts, and it is difficult to achieve high detection speed. Secondly, the polarization detector which passes through the modulation phase retarder needs to use a phase-locked loop, and the structure is relatively complex and the manufacturing cost is high. And thirdly, the polarization detector formed by different separating elements after beam splitting is complex in structure and difficult to miniaturize.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention is directed to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a polarization state detection device, a detection method and an application thereof.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a polarization state detection apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a beam expander, a wave plate and wave plate fixing structure, a diaphragm array structure, a polarization beam splitter prism and two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors;
the light beams pass through the beam expander, then sequentially pass through the wave plate fixing structure provided with the wave plate and the diaphragm array, and are split by the polarization beam splitting prism and then are respectively detected by the four-quadrant photoelectric detectors vertically distributed in two directions.
The detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the beam expander comprises: a concave lens and a convex lens; preferably, the size of the expanded light spot of the beam expander is matched with the size of the four-quadrant detector.
The detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the wave plate fixing structure is disposed perpendicular to the light beam;
preferably, the wave plate fixing structure has 4 circular openings, and the circular openings are arranged in a 2 × 2 matrix.
The detection device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein no optical element is disposed in two of the four circular openings vertically below the light beam, and a quarter wave plate and a half wave plate are disposed in two openings vertically above the light beam, respectively;
preferably, the fast axis direction of the quarter-wave plate is at an angle of 45 degrees to the light beam, and the fast axis direction of the half-wave plate is at an angle of 22.5 degrees to the light beam.
According to the detection device of the first aspect of the present invention, the arrangement of the diaphragms of the diaphragm array structure is adapted to the openings of the wave plate fixing structure, and the quadrant distribution of the four-quadrant photoelectric detector is adapted to the arrangement of the diaphragms of the diaphragm array structure.
The detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the wave plate is selected from one or more of: a polymer wave plate, a quartz wave plate, a composite achromatic wave plate of a quartz plate and a double-refraction magnesium fluoride or ultraviolet sapphire plate;
preferably, the wave plate is a polymer wave plate.
The detection device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate grown on the same substrate;
preferably, the part of the wave plate which does not need phase retardation is a wave plate with wavelength phase retardation.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a polarization state detection method for detecting a polarization state using the detection apparatus according to the first aspect;
preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) measuring the conversion relation between the measurement voltage of each quadrant of the four-quadrant photoelectric detector and the light intensity of the light to be measured;
(2) and after the light beam to be measured passes through the detection device, measuring a voltage signal of each quadrant of the two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors, and calculating according to a measurement result to obtain the polarization state information of the light beam to be measured.
A third aspect of the invention provides an optical instrument comprising a polarization state detection apparatus as described in the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of a polarization state detection device according to the first aspect in the manufacture of an optical instrument.
The inventor provides a design of a miniaturized polarization state detection device, which completely adopts fixed elements, thereby realizing high stability and rapid polarization state detection, and the compact optical design ensures that the device has smaller size, thereby realizing miniaturization and meeting the requirements of more extensive application occasions. The miniaturized polarization state detection device disclosed by the invention is designed by adopting all fixed elements, so that very high stability can be realized, the anti-interference capability of a system is improved, and meanwhile, the rapid polarization state detection can be realized.
The device of the present invention may have, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects:
1. the miniaturized polarization state detection device can improve the stability and reliability of the system, meanwhile, the higher polarization state detection rate can meet the application occasion of high-speed measurement, and the smaller device volume enables the device to be more convenient to install and is beneficial to the integration of the system.
2. The invention is mainly applied to the application occasions needing to measure the polarization state, such as spectrum measurement, polarization state detection in optical communication and some related medical detection fields, can ensure the stability of the system, simultaneously provides higher polarization state detection rate and is beneficial to the integration of the system.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a polarization measuring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a wave plate fixing structure.
Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an array of diaphragms.
Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a four quadrant detector.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a concave lens; 2. a convex lens; 3. a wave plate fixing structure; 4. a diaphragm array structure; 5. a polarization beam splitter prism; 7. a first four-quadrant photoelectric detector; 6. and a second four-quadrant photoelectric detector.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which, however, are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
This section generally describes the materials used in the testing of the present invention, as well as the testing methods. Although many materials and methods of operation are known in the art for the purpose of carrying out the invention, the invention is nevertheless described herein in as detail as possible. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the materials and methods of operation used in the present invention are well within the skill of the art, provided that they are not specifically illustrated.
The materials and instruments used in the following examples are as follows: materials:
polarizing beam splitter prism available from ThorLab corporation.
The instrument comprises the following steps:
a four quadrant detector, available from hamamatsu corporation, model S5980.
Example 1
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a miniaturized polarization state detection device design by a compact optical design, which all uses fixing elements so that a very high stability can be achieved and a fast polarization state detection can be achieved. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and principles of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the polarization state detection device is shown in fig. 1, wherein the element 1 is a concave lens, 2 is a convex lens, 1 and 2 jointly form a beam expander to expand incident light, 3 is a wave plate fixing structure (the structure is shown in fig. 2), 4 is a diaphragm array structure (the structure is shown in fig. 3), 5 is a polarization beam splitter prism, and 7 and 6 are four-quadrant photodetectors (the structure is shown in fig. 4). As shown in fig. 1, a light beam to be measured propagates from left to right in the z direction, first passes through a beam expander formed by 1 and 2, then is changed into a light beam with a larger cross section, and then sequentially passes through a fixed structure provided with a wave plate and a diaphragm array to form four light beams, each light beam is respectively detected by a pair of quadrants of four-quadrant photodetectors in two directions after being split by a polarization beam splitter prism, so that a corresponding voltage signal is obtained, four stokes parameter relationships of incident light can be obtained through corresponding algorithm calculation, and thus polarization state information of the incident light is obtained.
The schematic diagram of the wave plate fixing structure is shown in fig. 2, wherein the positions of C and D are without optical elements, and accordingly, only circular openings allow light beams to pass through. Wherein a quarter wave plate is arranged at the position of a, the fast axis direction of the wave plate forms an angle of 45 degrees with the x axis, a half wave plate is arranged at the position of B, and the fast axis direction forms an angle of 22.5 degrees with the x axis. The light beam penetrates through the openings and then passes through the diaphragm to form four beams of light, each beam of light is detected by a corresponding pair of quadrants of the photoelectric detector after passing through the polarization beam splitting prism, and before the structure is assembled, the conversion relation between the measurement voltage of each quadrant of the two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors and the light intensity of the detection light needs to be obtained through measurement. In the actual polarization measurement, only six detection signals corresponding to the light beams passing through the positions a, B and C in fig. 2 need to be obtained to obtain complete polarization state information. Wherein the voltage signals of two pairs of quadrants corresponding to the light beam passing through A are respectively V1xAnd V1yFrom the correlation calculation, they satisfy the relationship V1x＝k1(S0+S3)，V1y＝k2(S0-S3) Wherein S is0,S1,S2，S3Four Stokes parameters for incident lightThe number (describing the polarization state information of incident light), k, is a proportional coefficient, and needs to be obtained through specific measurement, and the corresponding k is proportional to the light intensity voltage conversion coefficient of the corresponding quadrant detector. And k is1And k is2The proportional relation can be obtained by measuring the light intensity voltage conversion coefficient corresponding to the pair of quadrant detectors, and the ratio is calculated as
The voltage signals for the two pairs of quadrants corresponding to the light beam passing through B are respectively V2xAnd V2yAnd satisfies the relation V2x＝k3(S0-S2)，V2y＝k4(S0+S2) The relative magnitude of the corresponding scaling factors is known and is noted
The voltage signals for the two pairs of quadrants corresponding to the light beam passing through C are respectively V3xAnd V3ySatisfies the relation V3x＝k5(S0+S1)，V3y＝k6(S0-S1) In the same time
Thus is formed by
The relative proportion relation of the four Stokes parameters can be obtained according to the measurement result, so that the polarization state information of the incident beam is obtained, and the proportion relation of the corresponding Stokes parameters is obtained from a pair of quadrants corresponding to each beam, and each pair of proportion relations contains S0Therefore, the light intensity of the corresponding three beams of light is not required to have a determined light intensity splitting ratio, and the system has higher stability and adaptability.
Wherein the wave plate on the wave plate fixed knot constructs can constitute by polymer material wave plate, and its size and fast axle direction all can be customized, and simultaneously in order to satisfy miniaturized demand, corresponding wave plate can grow on same substrate, and for processing convenience, the part that does not need the phase delay can use the polymer wave plate of a wavelength phase delay to replace to can make the structure more simple stable.
Although the present invention has been described to a certain extent, it is apparent that appropriate changes in the respective conditions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but is to be accorded the scope consistent with the claims, including equivalents of each element described.
Claims (17)
1. A polarization state detection device, comprising: the device comprises a beam expander, a wave plate and wave plate fixing structure, a diaphragm array structure, a polarization beam splitter prism and two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors;
the light beams pass through the beam expander, then sequentially pass through the wave plate fixing structure provided with the wave plate and the diaphragm array, and are split by the polarization beam splitter prism and then are respectively detected by four-quadrant photoelectric detectors vertically distributed in two directions; the wave plate fixing structure is vertically arranged with the light beam, and is provided with 4 circular openings which are arranged in a 2 x 2 matrix; in the 4 circular openings, two openings vertically below the light beam are not provided with optical elements, and a quarter wave plate and a half wave plate are respectively arranged in two openings vertically above the light beam; the fast axis direction of the quarter-wave plate forms an angle of 45 degrees with the light beam, and the fast axis direction of the half-wave plate forms an angle of 22.5 degrees with the light beam.
2. The detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the beam expander comprises: concave lenses and convex lenses.
3. The detector of claim 2, wherein the expanded beam expander has a spot size that matches the size of the quadrant photodetector.
4. The detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the arrangement of the diaphragms of the diaphragm array structure is adapted to the openings of the wave plate fixing structure, and the quadrant distribution of the four-quadrant photoelectric detector is adapted to the arrangement of the diaphragms of the diaphragm array structure.
5. The detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material of the wave plate is selected from one or more of the following: polymer wave plate, quartz wave plate, composite achromatic wave plate of quartz plate and double refraction magnesium fluoride or ultraviolet sapphire plate.
6. The detection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the material of the wave plate is selected from one or more of the following: polymer wave plate, quartz wave plate, composite achromatic wave plate of quartz plate and double refraction magnesium fluoride or ultraviolet sapphire plate.
7. The detection apparatus of claim 5, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate.
8. The detection device of claim 6, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate.
9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6 to 8, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate grown on the same substrate.
10. The device of claim 4, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate grown on the same substrate.
11. The device of claim 5, wherein the wave plate is a polymer wave plate grown on the same substrate.
12. The detecting device for detecting the rotation of a motor rotor as claimed in claim 9, wherein the portion of the wave plate which does not need the phase retardation is a wave plate with the phase retardation of one wavelength.
13. The detecting device for detecting the rotation of a motor rotor according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the portion of the wave plate which does not need phase retardation is a wave plate with wavelength phase retardation.
14. A polarization state detection method, characterized in that the method detects a polarization state using the detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. The polarization state detection method of claim 14, comprising the steps of:
(1) measuring the conversion relation between the measurement voltage of each quadrant of the four-quadrant photoelectric detector and the light intensity of the light to be measured;
(2) and after the light beam to be measured passes through the detection device, measuring a voltage signal of each quadrant of the two four-quadrant photoelectric detectors, and calculating according to a measurement result to obtain the polarization state information of the light beam to be measured.
16. An optical instrument comprising a polarization state detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
17. Use of a polarization state detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 in the manufacture of an optical instrument.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101294894A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2008-10-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Continuous locking mold near-field optical cavity ring-down spectrum analysis device |
| CN103592030A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-19 | 西安交通大学 | Snapshot integral view field imaging full-polarization hyperspectral detection device |
| CN104457995A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Fast polarization detector and detecting method |
| CN107271041A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-20 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of laser polarization state measuring instrument |
| CN107367329A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of image, spectrum, polarization state integration acquisition device and detection method |
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2019
- 2019-02-22 CN CN201910132698.5A patent/CN109696241B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101294894A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2008-10-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Continuous locking mold near-field optical cavity ring-down spectrum analysis device |
| CN103592030A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-19 | 西安交通大学 | Snapshot integral view field imaging full-polarization hyperspectral detection device |
| CN104457995A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Fast polarization detector and detecting method |
| CN107367329A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of image, spectrum, polarization state integration acquisition device and detection method |
| CN107271041A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-20 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of laser polarization state measuring instrument |
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