CN109693435A - 一种防水透气有机隔热膜 - Google Patents
一种防水透气有机隔热膜 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109693435A CN109693435A CN201811600276.8A CN201811600276A CN109693435A CN 109693435 A CN109693435 A CN 109693435A CN 201811600276 A CN201811600276 A CN 201811600276A CN 109693435 A CN109693435 A CN 109693435A
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- waterproof
- aluminium film
- layer
- ptfe
- thermal isolation
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种防水透气有机隔热膜,包括自上而下复合而成的防护层、反射层、高分子层、增强层;所述防护层采用复合无纺布;所述反射层包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10‑15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3‑5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5‑1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层采用PE长丝无纺布,本发明的防水透气隔热膜具有良好的防水透气性能和反射隔热性能,节能效果出色适合推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑薄膜技术领域,尤其涉及一种防水透气有机隔热膜。
背景技术
20世纪40年代,德国的建筑学家发现,沥青防水卷材与涂膜防水材料的自粘性与密闭性特点,致使混凝土结构中的残余水分被封闭在结构内,混凝土结构内的水汽无法散发而导致屋面与墙体滋生霉菌,室内空气质量与人居健康受到严重威胁。因此,德国建筑界开始使用具有透气性能的屋面垫层,以取代自粘卷材与涂膜防水,这种透气性垫层空铺于屋面基层之上,使现浇混凝土屋面板的水汽迅速排放出去,因而避免了霉菌的滋生。防水透气膜方案在欧美发达国家得到大力推广,被广泛应用于居住建筑与公用建筑,防水透气膜建筑构造被誉为“会呼吸的房子”。防水透气膜铺设于保温层之上,有效保护保温层,保温层之上不需要再浇细石混凝土,方案的优化降低了建筑造价。日本、马来西亚等国家也相继引进德国、美国的技术,开始大量生产并应用防水透气膜。
在当时的历史背景下,人们对建筑节能的认识还不够,20世纪70年代,随着世界能源危机的爆发,欧美国家对建筑节能问题越来越重视起来。能源专家发现,这种透气性垫层虽然使现浇混凝土屋面的水汽得以排放,有效解决了防潮与霉菌问题,然而夏天瓦屋面温度升高后,大量辐射热进入室内导致温度持续上升,工作与生活环境极不舒服,人们长时间依赖室内空调设备进行降温,然而屋面不断的吸收辐射热量使得空调设备必须长时间处于高功率运行,增加了能源消耗。
为了解决屋面隔热问题,隔热膜开始广泛应用在屋面上。隔热膜一般可分为两大类,一类是金属反射隔热膜,一类是全电介质反射隔热膜。此外,还有把两者结合起来的金属电介质反射隔热膜。一般金属都具有较大的消光系数,当光束由空气入射到金属表面时,进入金属内的光振幅迅速衰减,使得进入金属内部的光能相应减少,而反射光能增加。消光系数越大,光振幅衰减越迅速,进入金属内部的光能越少,反射率越高。人们总是选择光系数较大,光学性质较稳定的那些金属作为金属膜材料。在紫外区常用的金属薄材料是铝,在可见光区常用铝和银,在红外区常用金、银和铜,此外,铬和铂也常作一些特种薄膜的膜料。
热能的传播路线(不加隔热膜):太阳——红外线磁波——热能撞击瓦片使温度升高——瓦片成为热源放射出热能——热能撞击现浇屋面使温度升高——现浇屋面成为热源放射出热能——室内环境温度持续升高;热能传播路线(加隔热膜):太阳——红外线磁波——热能撞击瓦片使温度升高——瓦片成为热源放射出热能——热能撞击铝箔使表面温度升高——铝箔放射率极低,放射少量热能——室内保持舒适的环境温度,较低的环境温度降低了室内空调设备的负担从而大大节省了能源。
然而屋面因其处于特殊的位置,不仅要有良好的隔热防潮能力,还要保证可以将浇混凝土屋面板的水汽迅速排放出去,以避免水汽凝结。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中存在的屋面隔热覆膜透气性不佳的问题,本发明提供了一种防水透气有机隔热膜。
一种防水透气有机隔热膜:包括自上而下复合而成的防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4;所述防护层1采用复合无纺布;所述反射层2包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层3采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层4采用PE长丝无纺布。
在一些实施方式中,所述防护层1采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为50-70μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为20-40μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为20-30μm,均采用透明原料制造。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜上的孔隙。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.3-0.6μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为30-50μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
在一些实施方式中,防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4通过点式热压复合而成。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其防护层采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。具有较高的耐磨性和良好的抗拉强度,提高了本产品的使用寿命。
(2)本发明的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,防护层、反射层、高分子层、增强层采用点式热压复合工艺,从而避免了热熔胶等粘合剂堵塞透气孔,大大提高了高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜的透气率。
(3)本发明的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,通过复合膜的方式使屋面隔热膜拥有了防水透气的功能,传统施工方法是在普通防水透气膜施工完毕后,在其之上覆盖金属反射隔热膜,并在两者之间间隔放置隔块以产生间隙利于水汽扩散,传统施工工序繁杂、效率低下;本发明的防水透气隔热膜同时兼具防水透气和屋面隔热的性能,只需一次铺设即可,大大提高了施工效率。
(4)本发明的高分子层3采用含有有机纳米粒子的高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)提高了防水透气有机隔热膜的活性炭成分,使防水透气有机隔热膜具有更好的杀菌消毒、吸收有害物质的效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图;
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例一:
如图1所示:一种防水透气有机隔热膜:包括自上而下复合而成的防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4;所述防护层1采用复合无纺布;所述反射层2包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层3采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层4采用PE长丝无纺布。
在一些实施方式中,所述反射层中的网状铝膜可以采用打孔铝膜代替,打孔铝模厚度为0.5-1μm,孔径为0.1-0.5mm,开孔面积比率为50%-55%。
在一些实施方式中,所述防护层1采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为50-70μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为20-40μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为20-30μm,均采用透明原料制造。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜5上的孔隙。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.3-0.6μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为30-50μm,所述防水透气膜是由四氟乙烯经聚合而成的高分子化合物,具有优良的化学稳定性、耐腐蚀性、密封性、高润滑不粘性、电绝缘性和良好的抗老化耐力、耐温优异,其耐腐蚀性是当今世界上耐腐蚀性能最佳材料之一,除熔融金属钠和液氟外,能耐其它一切化学药品,在王水中煮沸也不起变化,广泛应用于各种需要抗酸碱和有机溶剂。所述防水透气膜本身对人没有毒性,但是在生产过程中使用的原料之一全氟辛酸铵被认为可能具有致癌作用。
在一些实施方式中,所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
实施例二:
一种防水透气有机隔热膜,包括自上而下复合而成的防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4;所述防护层1采用复合无纺布;所述反射层2包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层3采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层4采用PE长丝无纺布。
在一些实施方式中,所述反射层中的网状铝膜可以采用打孔铝膜代替,打孔铝模厚度为0.5μm,孔径为0.1mm,开孔面积比率为50%。
在一些实施方式中,所述防护层1采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为50μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为20μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为20μm,均采用透明原料制造。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜5上的孔隙。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.3μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为30μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
使用本产品制得的产品与其他同类产品对比和实际检测得出下例结论:
1、抗腐蚀功效提升1.1倍,2、抗氧化功效提升1.3倍,3、抗磨损功效提升1.5倍,4、热稳定性提升1.6倍,5、隔热性提升2倍,6、防水性提升1.1倍,7、透气性提升1.3倍。
实施例三:
一种防水透气有机隔热膜,包括自上而下复合而成的防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4;所述防护层1采用复合无纺布;所述反射层2包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层3采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层4采用PE长丝无纺布。
在一些实施方式中,所述反射层中的网状铝膜可以采用打孔铝膜代替,打孔铝模厚度为0.75μm,孔径为0.75mm,开孔面积比率为52.5%。
在一些实施方式中,所述防护层1采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为25μm,均采用透明原料制造。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜5上的孔隙。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.45μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为40μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
使用本产品制得的产品与其他同类产品对比和实际检测得出下例结论:
1、抗腐蚀功效提升1.2倍,2、抗氧化功效提升1.4倍,3、抗磨损功效提升1.6倍,4、热稳定性提升1.7倍,5、隔热性提升2.1倍,6、防水性提升1.2倍,7、透气性提升1.4倍。
实施例四:
一种防水透气有机隔热膜,包括自上而下复合而成的防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4;所述防护层1采用复合无纺布;所述反射层2包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层3采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层4采用PE长丝无纺布。
在一些实施方式中,所述反射层中的网状铝膜可以采用打孔铝膜代替,打孔铝模厚度为1μm,孔径为0.5mm,开孔面积比率为55%。
在一些实施方式中,所述防护层1采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为70μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为40μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为30μm,均采用透明原料制造。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜5上的孔隙。
在一些实施方式中,所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.6μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为50μm。
在一些实施方式中,所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
使用本产品制得的产品与其他同类产品对比和实际检测得出下例结论:
1、抗腐蚀功效提升1.3倍,2、抗氧化功效提升1.5倍,3、抗磨损功效提升1.7倍,4、热稳定性提升1.8倍,5、隔热性提升2.2倍,6、防水性提升1.3倍,7、透气性提升1.5倍。
在一些实施方式中,防护层1、反射层2、高分子层3、增强层4通过点式热压复合而成,目前市面上的复合膜的复合方式主要有三种:1.流延复合的工艺,这种工艺是用塑料粒子热熔后依靠塑料本身的粘性复合。缺点是几乎不透气。2.喷胶或刮胶复合(热熔胶复合)的工艺,其缺点是透气量比较低,因为中间透气膜的微孔实际上都被热熔胶堵死,最致命的缺点就是耐温度非常低,仅能承受60度的温度。因为这种胶水实际上是一种压敏胶。3.热压复合的工艺,其真正的防水透气膜应当是高透气,耐高温,抗老化,静水压达到2米以上。生产工艺应该是纯热复合技术,不含胶水,所以能达到耐温110度以上,高强抗老化,这是目前国内真正能达到欧盟标准的产品,为国内最新科技。本发明中使用的就是热压复合的工艺,提高了工程质量以及施工效率。
通过上述数据可看出本发明具有很好的抗腐蚀功效、抗氧化功效、抗磨损功效、热稳定性、隔热性、防水性、透气性。
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例,如前所述,应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围,则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:包括自上而下复合而成的防护层(1)、反射层(2)、高分子层(3)、增强层(4);所述防护层(1)采用复合无纺布;所述反射层(2)包括网状铝膜、包覆介质,所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为10-15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为3-5mm、铝膜厚度为0.5-1μm,所述包覆介质采用PET聚酯层;所述高分子层(3)采用高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜含有纳米粒子,所述纳米粒子为有机纳米粒子,所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜包含酚醛环氧树脂的有机纳米粒子分散剂;所述增强层(4)采用PE长丝无纺布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述防护层(1)采用的复合无纺布,包括上层丙纶丝纤维无纺布、下层聚丙烯无纺布,通过热扎压机复合而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为50~70μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为20~40μm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布厚度为60μm,聚丙烯无纺布厚度为30μm;所述丙纶丝纤维无纺布与聚丙烯无纺布孔径为20~30μm,均采用透明原料制造。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述包覆介质为采用喷淋法将PET聚酯材料均匀的包覆在网状铝膜上,所述PET聚酯材料不会堵塞网状铝膜上的孔隙。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述包覆介质平均厚度为0.3~0.6μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述网状铝膜纵向与横向的铝膜网丝宽度为15mm、每条纵/横铝膜网丝的间隔距离为4mm、铝膜厚度为1μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述高分子聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)防水透气膜厚度为30~50μm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:所述PE长丝无纺布是0.7mm以下的平均纤维长度且具有10mL/g以上的水合度的纤维构成。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气有机隔热膜,其特征在于:防护层(1)、反射层(2)、高分子层(3)、增强层(4)通过点式热压复合而。
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