CN109692873B - Thin-clad titanium steel composite plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thin-clad titanium steel composite plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
- B32B38/162—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thin composite titanium steel plate and a preparation method thereof. The composite blank comprises a base material and a titanium composite material, wherein the base material is plain carbon steel or low alloy steel with the C of less than or equal to 0.22 percent; the titanium composite material is industrial pure titanium TA2, the thickness ratio of the base material to the titanium composite material is 10-20, the length and width of the titanium composite material are smaller than those of the base material, and the edge distance between the titanium composite material and four edges of the base material during assembly is 100-150 mm. When assembling, the titanium composite material is positioned in the center, and a separant is sprayed between the two titanium composite materials; heating the composite blank subjected to vacuum electron beam sealing welding to 900-920 ℃, and preserving heat for 1min/mm multiplied by the total thickness of the composite blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 880-900 ℃, the single-pass reduction rate is 25-30%, the total reduction rate is more than or equal to 85%, and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 800 ℃; and (3) obtaining the composite titanium steel composite plate with the thickness of 3-16 mm after plate separation, wherein the plate width can reach 3m, the thickness of the titanium composite layer is less than or equal to 1mm, and the composite titanium steel composite plate has excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite plate preparation, and particularly relates to a method for producing a thin-clad titanium steel composite plate by using a vacuum compounding and rolling technology.
Background
The titanium steel composite plate has excellent corrosion resistance of the titanium composite layer and the strength and plasticity of the basic structural steel, greatly reduces the economic cost compared with the titanium plate, is an ideal material for manufacturing corrosion-resistant environmental equipment, and is popularized and applied in the fields of petrochemical industry, salt production, electric power, seawater desalination, ocean engineering and the like.
At present, the method for producing the titanium steel composite plate mainly comprises 4 methods: explosion cladding, diffusion cladding, explosion cladding-rolling, and rolling cladding. The composite boards produced by the first two processes are small in size and sometimes difficult to meet user requirements, and due to the production and operation of high-capacity rolling mills, the two methods are only adopted in certain special fields and have the tendency of being eliminated abroad. The latter two methods can produce large-size titanium steel composite plates, but the explosive welding-rolling method has complex processes, a plurality of factors influencing the bonding strength of the composite plates, large energy consumption, environmental pollution and relatively low yield, and has the tendency of being replaced by the direct rolling method. In recent years, a plurality of scholars research on the technology for preparing titanium steel composite plates by a rolling method.
CN105080997A discloses a method for preparing a titanium steel composite board without an intermediate layer, CN104624644A discloses a method for producing a titanium steel composite board, and CN105107841A discloses a method for preparing a titanium steel composite board, wherein the above three patent documents all adopt a titanium steel direct compound rolling technology to prepare the titanium steel composite board, the preparation process is simple, no intermediate layer is added, and the possibility of generating micro-holes after an interface compound is crushed is reduced through higher finish rolling temperature, so that the negative influence of the holes on the interface on the bonding performance is reduced to the minimum.
CN104907332A discloses a method for producing a titanium steel composite plate using nickel as an intermediate layer, CN104907333A discloses a method for preparing a titanium steel composite plate using nickel as an intermediate layer at a high temperature, and CN104826866A discloses a method for rolling a titanium steel composite plate using nickel as an intermediate layer at a high temperature, wherein in all of the above three patent documents, appropriate metallic nickel is inserted between titanium steel composite interfaces to serve as an intermediate layer, thereby preventing the mutual diffusion of elements such as titanium, iron and the like, improving the bonding effect of the interfaces, and improving the product quality.
In the paper "transition layer material in titanium-steel composite board production", published by the Yandes and the Asia in non-ferrous metals, No. 4, No. 39-42, volume 61 in 2009, CN104998903A, the high-temperature preparation method of the titanium-steel composite board with the copper as the intermediate layer disclosed by CN104874636A and the preparation method of the titanium-steel composite board with the copper as the intermediate layer and high bonding strength disclosed by CN104874635A, copper is used as the intermediate layer to prevent the generation of ferrotitanium compound on the interface of the titanium-steel composite board in the preparation process, and meanwhile, the bonding surface is extruded in a liquid phase by utilizing a rolling process to obtain a clean new surface, thereby realizing the good bonding of the titanium-steel interface.
In summary, although a great deal of research work is carried out at home and abroad in the preparation of the titanium steel composite plate, great results are obtained. However, in the industrial production of preparing the titanium steel composite plate by the rolling method, if the titanium steel is directly compounded for conventional rolling, in order to avoid generating a large amount of ferrotitanium and titanium carbon brittle compounds at a compound interface, the limitation on the carbon content of a base material is large, carbon steel with high mechanical property cannot be adopted as the base material, and the engineering application of the titanium steel composite plate is greatly limited; if a metal transition layer of Cu, Ni and the like is added between titanium and steel, although the composite performance is improved, the composite performance not only increases the production economic cost, but also increases the process complexity. In order to meet the increasingly high mechanical property requirements of anti-corrosion structural materials in various fields, the development of a preparation technology of a low-cost high-performance titanium steel composite plate is an urgent need of the market.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-performance thin-layer composite titanium-steel plate, which adopts a large-thickness-ratio assembly and a high-reduction rolling technology, realizes good compounding of titanium and steel under the conditions of adopting a base material with higher carbon content and not adding other metal transition layers, controls the reaction degree of different elements of a compound interface and the distribution state of generated compounds, improves the compounding performance of a direct compound interface of the titanium-steel, and simultaneously reduces the economic cost and the technical threshold of the production of the high-performance composite titanium-steel plate.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a thin compound layer titanium steel composite board is composed of a base layer and a titanium compound layer, wherein the base layer is plain carbon steel or low alloy steel with the C content of less than or equal to 0.22 percent in mass percent, and the titanium compound layer is industrial pure titanium TA 2; the breadth of the finished composite board is less than or equal to 3m, the thickness of the composite board is 3-16 mm, and the thickness of the titanium composite layer is less than or equal to 1 mm.
A preparation method of a thin-clad titanium steel composite plate is characterized in that the composite plate is formed by rolling a composite blank, the composite blank comprises a base material and a titanium clad material, the base material is a plain carbon steel or low alloy steel continuous casting blank, an intermediate blank or a plate material with the C being less than or equal to 0.22% (by mass percent), the length of the base material is 2-4 m, the width of the base material is 1-3 m, and the thickness of the base material is 20-100 mm; the titanium composite material is an industrial pure titanium TA2 plate, the length is 1.7-3.8 m, the width is 0.7-2.8 m, and the thickness is 2-10 mm. The length and the width of the titanium composite material are smaller than those of the base material, and when the composite blank is formed, the edge distance between the base material and four edges of the titanium composite material is 100-150 mm. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting a base material and a titanium composite material as raw materials for assembly.
(2) And respectively adopting milling and grinding modes to machine the surfaces to be contacted of the base material and the titanium composite material, and removing the rust layer and the oxide layer of the surface to be contacted.
(3) And (4) performing degreasing and blowing treatment on the surfaces of the processed base material and the titanium composite material.
(4) And (3) the titanium composite material and the base material are sequentially and centrally stacked in the upper and lower positions, the upper surface of the titanium composite material is sprayed with the separant, the titanium composite material is kept stand and dried, and the spraying thickness of the separant is 1-2 mm.
(5) Two groups of raw materials after the treatment are aligned and stacked together in a symmetrical assembly mode, and the titanium composite material is centered in the center.
(6) The gap between the two substrates was completely filled with a rectangular holding strip of the same composition as the substrates to form a composite blank.
(7) The composite blank is sent into a vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping, and then the vacuum electron beam sealing welding is carried out on the gaps around the composite blank, so that the titanium composite material is in a closed vacuum environment, and the vacuum degree is 1.0 multiplied by 10-2～4.5×10-2Pa; effective penetration of vacuum electron beam seal welding is 30 to40mm。
(8) Heating the composite blank subjected to vacuum electron beam sealing welding treatment to 900-920 ℃, preserving heat, calculating the heat preservation time according to 1mm/min multiplied by the total thickness of the composite blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 880-900 ℃, the single-pass reduction rate is 25-30%, the total reduction rate is more than or equal to 85%, the final rolling temperature is more than 800 ℃, and air cooling to room temperature.
(9) And (3) trimming, splitting and polishing the rolled composite plate to obtain two titanium steel composite plates with the thickness of 3-16 mm, wherein the plate width can reach 3m, and the thickness of the titanium composite layer is less than or equal to 1 mm.
Before assembly, the surface of the blank to be compounded is milled or ground to remove a rust layer and an oxide layer, so that the rust layer and the oxide layer are contacted with each other by fresh metal in the rolling process, metallurgical bonding between the rust layer and the oxide layer is ensured, the bonding quality is improved, and the defects of inclusion, air holes, non-bonding and the like are avoided.
Because the base material and the titanium composite material are different in material, stress strain is inconsistent in the rolling compounding process, larger stress concentration and deformation can be formed in the cooling process, the combination rate and the combination quality of a composite interface are reduced, and even the composite interface is completely torn. According to the invention, the thickness ratio of the base material to the titanium composite material is 10-20, the length and width of the titanium composite material are smaller than those of the base material, and the edge distances between the titanium composite material and four edges of the base material are 100-150 mm, so that on one hand, the stress difference between the base material and the titanium composite material is reduced by limiting the thickness proportion occupied by the titanium composite material, and on the other hand, the effect of controlling the deformation of the titanium composite material is achieved by increasing the effective fusion depth of edge sealing welding at the periphery and the rolling binding force between the same.
When the temperature of the separant is below 1250 ℃, the separant does not react with the base material and the titanium composite material and ensures the separation effect. In order to prevent the rolling combination of the two layers of titanium composite materials, the invention carries out the spraying of the isolating agent, the spraying thickness is 1-2 mm, on one hand, the direct contact of the two layers of titanium composite materials can be prevented from being isolated, on the other hand, the gap between the two layers of titanium composite materials is controlled, and the titanium plate is prevented from moving due to the overlarge gap.
By adopting the symmetrical assembly mode, the effect of vacuum sealing the titanium composite material is achieved, the overall thickness and the target thickness of the composite blank are improved, and the plate shape control effect is improved. Wherein, titanium can react with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen when being higher than 400 ℃, and the compound interface can also produce violent oxidation, adopt the symmetrical group blank way, put the titanium composite material in the center and weld the vacuum seal, has prevented titanium and raw materials from reacting with atmosphere. Meanwhile, as the plate shape is not easy to control when a thinner plate is rolled and the defects of warping, wave and the like are easy to occur, the invention adopts the technology of dividing the plate after the symmetrical assembly rolling, improves the rolling thickness and effectively controls the plate shape problem of the thin plate.
In order to ensure the edge sealing effect of the composite blank, the invention adopts a vacuum electron beam welding machine to carry out edge sealing welding, the effective welding penetration is 30-40 mm, on one hand, the vacuum degree of a composite interface can be ensured, and on the other hand, the titanium steel composite blank can be prevented from cracking in the rolling process.
Because the titanium can generate beta phase transformation when the temperature is higher than 920 ℃, the diffusion rate of C is greatly increased, and the composite performance is seriously reduced, the invention adopts the heating temperature of 900-920 ℃ and the rolling temperature of 880-900 ℃ to control the phase transformation. Meanwhile, in order to improve the composite property between titanium and steel and reduce the influence of uneven generation of titanium iron and titanium carbon compounds on the composite property, the invention adopts 25-30% of single-pass reduction rate and more than 85% of total reduction rate, controls the final rolling temperature to be more than 800 ℃, further reduces the high-temperature retention time of the composite blank, enables the titanium iron and the titanium carbon compounds generated at the composite interface to be crushed, refined and dispersed on the composite interface, improves the distribution state of the compounds, can improve the sensitivity of the titanium steel composite plate prepared by a rolling method to the carbon content of the base material, and improves the carbon content of the base material, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the mechanical property of the titanium steel composite plate.
Titanium, iron and carbon can continuously react in the rolling process and are in direct proportion to the temperature, and the higher the reaction degree is, the lower the recombination performance is in the titanium steel composite rolling. Therefore, the method limits the thickness of the titanium steel composite plate to be 3-16 mm while controlling the single-pass reduction rate and the total reduction rate, controls the cooling speed of the composite plate, and adjusts the interface reaction degree to achieve the effect of optimizing the composite performance of the titanium steel.
Has the advantages that:
the composite board produced according to the scheme has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the titanium steel composite board prepared by the invention ensures high corrosion resistance of a single surface of the board, the TA2 side of the board is industrial pure titanium, and the whole board has high structural strength, the tensile strength of the composite board can reach more than 475MPa, the yield strength can reach more than 365MPa, and the requirement of the national standard of Q345-level carbon steel is met. The method is suitable for phthalic acid preparation equipment, pressure vessels, boilers, chimneys of thermal power stations, nuclear reactors, reservoirs, marine civil structures and the like.
(2) The assembly and rolling process has good rolling effect, can ensure that TA2 and carbon steel form metallurgical bonding, has good rolled plate shape, does not need to be straightened, and has the yield of over 85 percent.
(3) The titanium steel composite board prepared by the invention has large board width which can reach 3m and thickness of 3-16 mm, the structure and performance of the base layer and the composite layer are stable, and the bonding rate of the composite surface is 100%.
(4) Good combination between titanium and steel can be realized without adding transition metal, the mechanical property of the composite interface is excellent, and the shearing strength reaches more than 238 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the microstructure of the composite interface of TA2/Q345B titanium steel composite plate, the composite interface is continuous and smooth, has no air holes, inclusions, microcracks and unbonded defects, and has no massive TiC brittle phase.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in detail, and are intended to be a general description of the invention, and not to limit the invention.
Table 1 shows the actual material and specification of the base material in the examples of the present invention; table 2 shows the actual material and material specifications of the titanium composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention; table 3 is the relevant information of the composite blanks of the examples of the present invention; table 4 shows the rolling process parameters and the finished composite board information of the examples; table 5 shows the rolling schedule of this example; table 6 shows the performance test results of the composite board material object according to the embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 1 actual material and raw material specification of the base material blank of the examples
| Examples | Material of | C/wt％ | Source | Length/m | Width/m | Thickness/mm |
| 1 | Q345B | 0.22 | Intermediate blank | 4 | 3 | 60 |
| 2 | Q345E | 0.18 | Sheet material | 3.6 | 2.8 | 30 |
| 3 | Q345D | 0.16 | Sheet material | 3.6 | 2.8 | 40 |
| 4 | S355JR | 0.15 | Continuous casting billet | 4 | 3 | 80 |
TABLE 2 practical materials and raw material specifications of titanium composite materials of examples
| Examples | Material of | Source | Length/m | Width/m | Thickness/mm |
| 1 | TA2 | Sheet material | 3.8 | 2.8 | 6 |
| 2 | TA2 | Sheet material | 3.4 | 2.6 | 3 |
| 3 | TA2 | Sheet material | 3.4 | 2.6 | 3 |
| 4 | TA2 | Sheet material | 3.7 | 2.7 | 6 |
Table 3 example composite blank related information
TABLE 4 examples Rolling Process parameters and finished composite sheet information
TABLE 5 Rolling system of this example
Table 6 examples of composite board material objects and performance test results
Note: the shear strength value in the test is the tensile force conversion shear surface strength when the test sample fails, the shear performance of the titanium steel composite plate is strictly executed according to the national standard, but the test sample breaks at the titanium layer base material, so that the shear strength of the composite interface is larger than the test inspection strength.
The embodiment shows that the titanium steel composite plate produced by the preparation method of the thin-clad titanium steel composite plate has the tensile strength of 476-488 MPa, the yield strength of 369-375 MPa, the elongation rate of more than or equal to 27 percent, the shear strength of more than or equal to 236MPa and qualified bending test. Good combination between titanium and carbon steel with higher carbon content is realized under the condition of no transition metal addition, and the related mechanical properties all meet the R1 grade standard of the national titanium steel composite board.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the thin-clad titanium steel composite plate is characterized in that the composite plate is composed of a base layer and a titanium clad layer, wherein the base layer is plain carbon steel or low alloy steel with the C content of less than or equal to 0.22 percent in mass percent, and the titanium clad layer is industrial pure titanium TA 2; the breadth of the finished composite board is less than or equal to 3m, the thickness of the composite board is 3-16 mm, and the thickness of the titanium composite layer is less than or equal to 1 mm;
the composite plate is formed by rolling a composite blank, and the production process comprises surface treatment, composite blank assembly, vacuum welding, rolling, plate splitting and surface grinding, wherein:
(1) selecting a base material and a titanium composite material as raw materials for a composite blank; the base material is a continuous casting blank, an intermediate blank or a plate of plain carbon steel or low alloy steel with the mass percent of C being less than or equal to 0.22%, the length is 2-4 m, the width is 1-3 m, and the thickness is 20-80 mm; the titanium composite material is an industrial pure titanium TA2 plate, the length is 1.7-3.8 m, the width is 0.7-2.8 m, and the thickness is 2-6 mm; the thickness ratio of the base material to the titanium composite material is 10 or 13, the length and the width of the titanium composite material are smaller than those of the base material, and when the composite blank is formed, the edge distance between the base material and four edges of the titanium composite material is 100-150 mm;
(2) carrying out surface treatment on the surfaces to be contacted of the base material and the titanium composite material;
(3) degreasing and blowing the surfaces of the treated base material and the titanium composite material;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (1) sequentially and centrally stacking a titanium composite material and a base material at upper and lower positions, spraying a separant on the upper surface of the titanium composite material, standing and drying, wherein the spraying thickness of the separant is 1-2 mm;
(5) two groups of raw materials after the treatment are aligned and stacked together in a symmetrical assembly mode, and the titanium composite material is centered;
(6) completely filling a gap between the two base materials with a rectangular clamping strip with the same components as the base materials to form a composite blank;
(7) the composite blank is sent into a vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping and then vacuum electron beam sealing welding is carried out, so that the titanium composite material is in a closed vacuum environment, and the vacuum degree is 1.0 multiplied by 10-2~4.5×10-2Pa; the effective penetration of the vacuum electron beam seal welding is 30-40 mm;
(8) heating the composite blank subjected to vacuum electron beam sealing welding treatment to 910-920 ℃, preserving heat for 1min/mm multiplied by the total thickness of the composite blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 880-900 ℃, the single-pass reduction rate is 25% -28%, the total reduction rate is 85% -89%, the final rolling temperature is above 800 ℃, and air cooling to room temperature;
(9) and performing edge cutting, plate splitting and surface polishing on the rolled composite plate to obtain two titanium steel composite plates.
2. The method for preparing a thin clad titanium steel composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface treatment mode is milling and grinding.
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| CN110527906B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-01-08 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 600-grade wear-resistant composite board and production method thereof |
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| CN111940502B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-05-20 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for improving interface bonding strength of titanium/steel composite material |
| CN113020295B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-07-05 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Assembly method of titanium steel composite board raw material blank |
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| CN101288877A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2008-10-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Vacuum hot rolling compounding method of titanium alloy plate and stainless steel plate |
| CN101406899A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 西安天力金属复合材料有限公司 | Method for preparing non-brazing seam thin compound layer titanium/steel composite board |
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