CN109684728B - High-temperature curve realization device and realization method for graphite electric induction heater - Google Patents
High-temperature curve realization device and realization method for graphite electric induction heater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-temperature curve realization device and a realization method for a graphite electric induction heater relate to the field of inert gas heating; the heat-insulating device comprises n graphite heat-accumulating blocks, a bottom supporting plate, a circumferential heat-insulating layer, a shell, an induction coil and a top heat-insulating layer; wherein the shell is of a hollow columnar structure which is vertically arranged; the bottom supporting plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom in the shell; the n graphite heat storage blocks are vertically and adjacently arranged at the axle center of the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate in sequence; the circumferential heat preservation layers are sleeved on the outer walls of the n graphite heat storage blocks; the induction coil is sleeved on the side wall of the top end of the circumferential heat-insulating layer; the top heat preservation layer is fixedly arranged at the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer; and the top heat-insulating layer extends out of the shell; n is a positive integer, and n is greater than or equal to 5; the invention solves the problem that the axial high temperature gradient curve cannot be realized due to the excessively high axial heat conductivity coefficient of the graphite material, so that the axial specific high temperature curve can be realized after the preheating of the graphite electric induction heater is finished, and the preheating technology of the graphite electric induction heater is broken through.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of inert gas heating, in particular to a high-temperature curve realization device and a realization method for a graphite electric induction heater.
Background
At present, a graphite electric induction heater is mainly used for heating inert gases such as nitrogen, and the working process of the graphite electric induction heater is as follows: firstly, loading medium-frequency or high-frequency alternating current through an induction coil, and preheating a graphite heat storage block; and secondly, introducing inert gases such as nitrogen from an air inlet, sequentially passing through vent holes, airflow through holes and the like of the bottom support, forming high-temperature airflow at an outlet, and heating the airflow when passing through the airflow through holes in the high-temperature graphite storage block.
In the second-step ventilation nitrogen heating process, the graphite electric induction heater generates large impact thermal stress on the graphite heat storage block after cold air is preheated at high temperature due to limited strength of graphite materials when strong cold air flow is impacted, so that the heater is damaged under the impact of the cold air flow. This results in the domestic existing graphite induction heaters generally being able to heat the gas stream only to a low range, typically up to 750K
The high-temperature curve requires that the graphite material has low axial heat conductivity coefficient and large radial and circumferential heat conductivity coefficients, and the domestic graphite material technology is difficult to meet the high-temperature curve requirement due to the lack of anisotropic large-size high-strength graphite material in China, and the temperature difference of the domestic industrial treatment method is generally not more than 100K by adopting the high-heat conductivity coefficient graphite material and adopting an electric induction mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a high-temperature curve realization device and a realization method for a graphite electric induction heater, which solve the problem that an axial high-temperature gradient curve cannot be realized due to the fact that the axial heat conductivity coefficient of a graphite material is too high, so that the axial specific high-temperature curve can be realized after the preheating of the graphite electric induction heater is completed, and the preheating technology of the graphite electric induction heater is broken through.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a high-temperature curve realization device for a graphite electric induction heater comprises n graphite heat storage blocks, a bottom supporting plate, a circumferential heat preservation layer, a shell, an induction coil and a top heat preservation layer; wherein the shell is of a hollow columnar structure which is vertically arranged; the bottom supporting plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom in the shell; the n graphite heat storage blocks are vertically and adjacently arranged at the axle center of the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate in sequence; the circumferential heat preservation layers are sleeved on the outer walls of the n graphite heat storage blocks; the induction coil is sleeved on the side wall of the top end of the circumferential heat-insulating layer; the top heat preservation layer is fixedly arranged at the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer; and the top heat-insulating layer extends out of the shell; n is a positive integer, and n is 5 or more.
In the high-temperature curve implementation device for the graphite electric induction heater, the air inlet is arranged at the axial bottom end of the shell; the top heat preservation layer is provided with an air outlet; the bottom supporting plate is provided with ventilation holes; the air holes are positioned on the lower surface of the graphite heat storage block; heating the graphite heat storage blocks corresponding to the top ends of the circumferential heat preservation layers through induction coils; inert gas is introduced from an air inlet at the bottom of the shell, and is sequentially discharged from an air outlet of the top heat-insulating layer through the air holes of the bottom supporting plate and the n graphite heat storage blocks.
In the high-temperature curve implementation device for the graphite electric induction heater, the graphite heat storage block is of a columnar structure; through holes are uniformly formed in the graphite heat storage block along the axial direction; the aperture ratio of the graphite heat storage block is theta.
A method for realizing a high-temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater comprises the following steps:
measuring to obtain the effective heights H of n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks; calculating the effective height h of a single graphite heat storage block; calculating the mass m of a single graphite heat storage block;
heating the k graphite heat storage blocks at the top through an induction coil; setting the effective loading power of a single graphite heat storage block as the rate P; calculating the loading power P of each graphite heat storage block i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the K is more than or equal to 1 and less than n, and k is a positive integer; n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks are sequenced from bottom to top according to serial numbers of 1, 2, 3, … … and n; i is the serial number of the graphite heat storage block; i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
uniformly arranging n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks at equal intervals along the vertical direction; the distance delta between every two adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks is 10-50mm;
step four, according to the diameter D of the graphite heat storage block 0 Ratio of spacing delta between adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks
Calculating the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient F of the adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks by adopting a linear interpolation method, wherein F is less than or equal to 1;
step five, setting a bottom supporting plate without heat preservation; set an ambient temperature T 0 288K; calculating the lost energy P of the bottom ends of the n graphite heat storage blocks in the vertical direction Loss of ；
Step six, setting the initial temperature T of the graphite heat storage block Initial initiation ＝T 0 ；
Step seven, calculating a temperature control equation after the 1 st graphite heat storage block is discretized; calculating a temperature control equation after the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block are discretized; calculating a temperature control equation after the nth graphite heat storage block is discretized;
step eight, calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the i is the ordinal number of the graphite heat storage block, i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n-1; calculating the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block
Step nine, calculating a temperature difference delta T between the preheating termination time of the 1 st graphite heat storage block and the n-th graphite heat storage block; setting a maximum temperature difference threshold value delta T max And a maximum temperature threshold T of an nth graphite heat storage block max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When DeltaT is greater than or equal to DeltaT max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block
When the design meets the requirements; otherwise, increasing the value of n, repeating the steps one to nine until the delta T is more than or equal to delta T max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block +.>
In the above-mentioned method for realizing a high temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater, in the first step, the method for calculating the effective height h of a single graphite heat storage block comprises the following steps:
the calculation method of the mass m of the single graphite heat storage block comprises the following steps:
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block;
D 0 is the diameter of the graphite heat storage block.
At the upper partIn the second step, the loading power P of the ith graphite heat storage block i The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
when i is 1-n-k, P i ＝0；
When n-k < i.ltoreq.n, P i ＝P。
In the above-mentioned method for realizing a high-temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater, in the fourth step, the method for calculating the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient F by using a linear interpolation method comprises the following steps:
setting 4 interpolation points, namely:
when (when)
When f=0.2;
when (when)
When f=0.48;
when (when)
When f=0.64;
when (when)
When f=0.72;
others
F, obtaining the corresponding value according to a linear interpolation method.
In the above-mentioned method for implementing high-temperature curve for graphite electric induction heater, in the fifth step, energy P is lost Loss of The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein epsilon is the blackness of the surface of the graphite material; epsilon=0.95;
σ b is a stefin-boltzmann constant; sigma (sigma) b ＝5.67×10 -8 ；
T 1 The temperature of the 1 st graphite heat storage block.
In the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the 1 st graphite heat storage block is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block:
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block;
m is the mass of a single graphite heat storage block;
C p specific heat for graphite material;
T 1 the temperature of the 1 st graphite heat storage block;
T 2 the temperature of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block;
f is the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient;
P 1 the loading power of the 1 st graphite heat storage block;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is 1 (t) The temperature value of the 1 st graphite heat storage block in the t time step;
T 1 (t-1) the temperature value of the 1 st graphite heat storage block in the t-1 th time step;
In the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block:
wherein T is i-1 The temperature of the i-1 graphite heat storage block;
T i the temperature of the ith graphite heat storage block;
T i+1 the temperature of the i+1th graphite heat storage block;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is i (t) The temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block in the t time step is obtained;
T i (t-1) the temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block in the t-1 time step is obtained;
In the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the nth graphite heat storage block is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block:
wherein T is n-1 The temperature of the n-1 graphite heat storage block;
T n the temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block after the dispersion is converted into:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
the temperature value of the nth time step of the nth graphite heat storage block;
In the eighth step, the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 (final) The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block is calculated by the simultaneous formula (2) and the formula (3) 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Preheating termination time temperature T of 2 nd graphite heat storage block to n-1 st graphite heat storage block i (final) The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (3) i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Preheating termination time temperature of nth graphite heat storage block
The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination moment temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (2)>
/>
In the above-mentioned method for realizing a high temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater, in the step nine, the calculation method of the temperature difference deltat between the preheating termination time of the 1 st graphite heat storage block and the nth graphite heat storage block is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The graphite electric induction heater is an ultrahigh temperature heat accumulating type gas heater, can be used for heating inert gases such as nitrogen and the like, can heat the gas to 2300K level, and can meet the heating requirement of pure gas media of ground simulation test equipment such as hypersonic wind tunnels, test benches and the like;
(2) The graphite non-metal material is adopted, the temperature tolerance is extremely high, the ultrahigh temperature requirement can be just met, and the heating requirement of pure gas can be met at the same time;
(3) The invention adopts a heat accumulating type heating technology, ensures that the flow area is large enough, and meets the requirement of large-flow heating;
(4) The invention adopts a heat accumulating type heating technology, ensures that the heat accumulating materials are enough, and meets the long-time heating requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature profile implementation apparatus for a graphite electric induction heater of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the high temperature profile implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and to specific embodiments:
the invention provides a high-temperature curve realization device and a realization method for a graphite electric induction heater, which adopt isotropic (high-heat-conductivity coefficient) graphite materials, and innovate and solve the problem that an axial high-temperature gradient curve cannot be realized due to the fact that the axial heat-conductivity coefficient of the graphite materials is too high by adopting specific factors such as a specific heat preservation scheme, a graphite heat storage block size, a specific block division strategy, a gap heat insulation mode and a specific electric induction heating mode, so that the axial specific high-temperature curve can be realized after the preheating of the graphite electric induction heater is completed, and the preheating technology of the graphite electric induction heater is broken through.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature curve implementation device for a graphite electric induction heater, the high-temperature curve implementation device for a graphite electric induction heater includes n graphite heat storage blocks 1, a bottom support plate 8, a circumferential heat preservation layer 9, a shell 10, an induction coil 11 and a top heat preservation layer 12; wherein the shell 10 is a hollow columnar structure which is vertically arranged; the bottom supporting plate 8 is horizontally arranged at the bottom in the shell 10; the n graphite heat storage blocks 1 are vertically and adjacently arranged at the axle center of the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate 8 in sequence; the circumferential heat preservation layers 9 are sleeved on the outer walls of the n graphite heat storage blocks 1; the induction coil 11 is sleeved on the side wall of the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer 9; the top heat preservation layer 12 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer 9; and the top insulation layer 12 extends out of the housing 10; n is a positive integer, and n is 5 or more. The graphite heat storage block 1 is of a columnar structure; through holes are uniformly formed in the graphite heat storage block 1 along the axial direction; the aperture ratio of the graphite heat storage block 1 is θ.
The working process is as follows: the axial bottom end of the shell 10 is provided with an air inlet; the top heat preservation layer 12 is provided with an air outlet; the bottom supporting plate 8 is provided with ventilation holes; the air holes are positioned on the lower surface of the graphite heat storage block 1; the graphite heat storage block 1 corresponding to the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer 9 is heated through the induction coil 11; inert gas is introduced from an air inlet at the bottom of the shell 10, and is sequentially discharged from an air outlet of the top heat preservation layer 12 through the air holes of the bottom support plate 8 and the n graphite heat storage blocks 1; it is realized that the inert gas is heated while passing through the graphite thermal storage block 1.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a flow chart for realizing a high temperature curve, the method for realizing a high temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater comprises the following steps:
measuring to obtain the effective heights H of n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks 1; calculating the effective height h of the single graphite heat storage block 1; and calculating the mass m of the single graphite heat storage block 1;
the calculating method of the effective height h of the single graphite heat storage block 1 comprises the following steps:
the calculation method of the mass m of the single graphite heat storage block 1 comprises the following steps:
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block 1;
D 0 is the diameter of the graphite heat storage block 1.
Step two, heating the k graphite heat storage blocks 1 at the top through an induction coil 11; setting the effective loading power of a single graphite heat storage block 1 as the rate P; calculating the loading power P of each graphite heat storage block 1 i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the K is more than or equal to 1 and less than n, and k is a positive integer; n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks 1 are ordered according to the serial numbers of 1, 2, 3, … … and n from bottom to top; i is the serial number of the graphite heat storage block 1; i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
loading power P of i-th graphite heat storage block 1 i The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
when i is 1-n-k, P i ＝0；
When n-k < i.ltoreq.n, P i ＝P。
Step three, uniformly arranging n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks 1 at equal intervals along the vertical direction; the distance delta between every two adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks 1 is 10-50mm;
step four, according to the diameter D of the graphite heat storage block 1 0 Ratio of spacing delta between adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks 1
Calculating the radiation heat transfer angle coefficients F of the adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks 1 by adopting a linear interpolation method, wherein F is less than or equal to 1;
the method for calculating the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient F by adopting the linear interpolation method comprises the following steps:
setting 4 interpolation points, namely:
when (when)
When f=0.2;
when (when)
When f=0.48;
when (when)
When f=0.64;
when (when)
When f=0.72;
others
F, obtaining the corresponding value according to a linear interpolation method.
Step five, setting the bottom supporting plate 8 without heat preservation; set an ambient temperature T 0 288K; calculating the loss energy P of the bottom ends of the n graphite heat storage blocks 1 in the vertical direction Loss of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Lost energy P Loss of The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein epsilon is the blackness of the surface of the graphite material; epsilon=0.95;
σ b is a stefin-boltzmann constant; sigma (sigma) b ＝5.67×10 -8 ；
T 1 Is the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1Temperature.
Step six, setting the initial temperature T of the graphite heat storage block 1 Initial initiation ＝T 0 ；
Step seven, calculating a temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 after dispersing; calculating a temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 after dispersing; calculating a temperature control equation after the nth graphite heat storage block 1 is discretized;
the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 is discretized is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1:
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block 1;
m is the mass of a single graphite heat storage block 1;
C p specific heat for graphite material;
T 1 the temperature of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1;
T 2 the temperature of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1;
f is the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient;
P 1 the loading power of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is 1 (t) The temperature value of the 1 st time step of the 1 st graphite heat storage block is the temperature value of the 1 st time step;
T 1 (t-1) the temperature value is the temperature value of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 t-1 time step;
The calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1:
wherein T is i-1 The temperature of the i-1 graphite heat storage block 1;
T i the temperature of the ith graphite heat storage block 1;
T i+1 the temperature of the (i+1) th graphite heat storage block 1;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is i (t) The temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block 1 in the t time step is obtained;
T i (t-1) the temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block 1 at the t-1 time step;
The calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the nth graphite heat storage block 1 comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block 1:
wherein T is n-1 The temperature of the n-1 graphite heat storage block 1;
T n the temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block 1;
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block 1 after the dispersion is converted into:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
the temperature value of the nth graphite heat storage block 1 in the t time step is obtained;
Step eight, calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the i is the ordinal number of the graphite heat storage block 1, i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n-1; calculating the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block 1
Preheating termination time temperature T of No. 1 graphite heat storage block 1 1 (final) Calculation of (2)The method comprises the following steps: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 is calculated by the simultaneous formula (2) and the formula (3) 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 i (final) The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block 1 to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block 1 is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (3) i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Temperature at preheating termination time of nth graphite heat storage block 1
The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block 1 is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (2)>
Step nine, calculating a temperature difference delta T between the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 and the n graphite heat storage block 1 at the preheating termination time;
the calculation method of the temperature difference delta T between the preheating termination time of the 1 st graphite heat storage block 1 and the n graphite heat storage block 1 is as follows:
setting a maximum temperature difference threshold value delta T max And a maximum temperature threshold T of the nth graphite heat storage block 1 max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When DeltaT is greater than or equal to DeltaT max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block 1
When the design meets the requirements; otherwise, increasing the value of n, repeating the steps one to nine until the delta T is more than or equal to delta T max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite thermal storage block 1 +.>
The graphite electric induction heater is a heat accumulating type inert gas heater and mainly comprises a graphite heat accumulating block 1 with an axial through hole, an induction coil 11 arranged on the heat preservation side locally, a circumferential heat preservation layer 9, a top heat preservation layer 12, a bottom support plate 8 without heat preservation or cooling and the like. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve of the graphite electric induction heater is a set of method for realizing the preheating termination temperature curve of the graphite electric induction heater. The method is characterized in that a top heat insulating layer 12 is arranged on the top graphite heat storage block 1, a heat insulating layer is not arranged on the lower side of the bottom graphite heat storage block 1, a whole heat insulating scheme of a circumferential heat insulating layer 9 is arranged on the lower side of the bottom graphite heat storage block 1, an integral heating scheme of preheating the top graphite heat storage block 1 through electric induction and transferring the rest bottom graphite heat storage blocks 1 to preheating is adopted, isotropic (high heat conductivity) graphite materials are selected, an axial heat energy transfer rate is reduced in a gap heat insulation mode, a proper block strategy is designed through a high-temperature curve engineering simplified calculation method for the graphite electric induction heater, so that the temperature difference between the top graphite heat storage block 1 and the bottom graphite heat storage block 1 is increased, and a high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater meeting requirements is realized
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a graphite is high temperature curve realization device for electric induction heater which characterized in that: the heat storage device comprises n graphite heat storage blocks (1), a bottom supporting plate (8), a circumferential heat insulation layer (9), a shell (10), an induction coil (11) and a top heat insulation layer (12); wherein the shell (10) is of a hollow columnar structure which is vertically arranged; the bottom supporting plate (8) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the shell (10); the n graphite heat storage blocks (1) are vertically and adjacently arranged at the axle center of the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate (8) in sequence; the circumferential heat preservation layers (9) are sleeved on the outer walls of the n graphite heat storage blocks (1); the induction coil (11) is sleeved on the side wall of the top end of the circumferential heat-insulating layer (9); the top heat preservation layer (12) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer (9); and the top heat preservation layer (12) extends out of the shell (10); n is a positive integer, and n is 5 or more.
2. The high temperature profile realization apparatus for a graphite electric induction heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an air inlet is arranged at the axial bottom end of the shell (10); the top heat preservation layer (12) is provided with an air outlet; the bottom supporting plate (8) is provided with ventilation holes; the air holes are positioned on the lower surface of the graphite heat storage block (1); the graphite heat storage block (1) corresponding to the top end of the circumferential heat preservation layer (9) is heated through the induction coil (11); inert gas is introduced from an air inlet at the bottom of the shell (10), and is sequentially discharged from an air outlet of the top heat preservation layer (12) through the air holes of the bottom support plate (8) and the n graphite heat storage blocks (1); the inert gas is heated when passing through the graphite heat storage block (1).
3. The high temperature profile realization apparatus for a graphite electric induction heater as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the graphite heat storage block (1) is of a columnar structure; through holes are uniformly formed in the graphite heat storage block (1) along the axial direction; the aperture ratio of the graphite heat storage block (1) is theta.
4. A method for realizing a high-temperature curve for a graphite electric induction heater is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
measuring to obtain the effective heights H of n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks (1); calculating the effective height h of the single graphite heat storage block (1); calculating the mass m of the single graphite heat storage block (1);
step two, heating the k graphite heat storage blocks (1) at the top through an induction coil (11); setting the effective loading power of a single graphite heat storage block (1) as P; calculating the loading power P of each graphite heat storage block (1) i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the K is more than or equal to 1 and less than n, and k is a positive integer; n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks (1) are sequenced from bottom to top according to serial numbers of 1, 2, 3, … … and n; i is the serial number of the graphite heat storage block (1); i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
uniformly arranging n adjacent graphite heat storage blocks (1) at equal intervals along the vertical direction; the distance delta between every two adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks (1) is 10-50mm;
step four, according to the diameter D of the graphite heat storage block (1) 0 Ratio of spacing delta between adjacent 2 graphite heat storage blocks (1)
Calculating adjacent 2 graphites by linear interpolation methodThe radiation heat transfer angle coefficient F of the heat storage block (1) is less than or equal to 1;
step five, setting a bottom supporting plate (8) without heat preservation; set an ambient temperature T 0 288K; calculating the loss energy P of the bottom ends of the n graphite heat storage blocks (1) in the vertical direction Loss of ；
Step six, setting the initial temperature T of the graphite heat storage block (1) Initial initiation ＝T 0 ；
Step seven, calculating a temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) after dispersing; calculating a temperature control equation after the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1) are scattered; calculating a temperature control equation after the nth graphite heat storage block (1) is discretized;
step eight, calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1) i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the i is the ordinal number of the graphite heat storage block (1), i is a positive integer, and i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n-1; calculating the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block (1)
Step nine, calculating a temperature difference delta T between the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) and the n graphite heat storage block (1) at the preheating termination time; setting a maximum temperature difference threshold value delta T max And a maximum temperature threshold T of the nth graphite heat storage block (1) max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When DeltaT is greater than or equal to DeltaT max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block (1)
When the design meets the requirements; otherwise, increasing the value of n, repeating the steps one to nine until the delta T is more than or equal to delta T max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block (1)>
5. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the first step, the calculation method of the effective height h of the single graphite heat storage block (1) comprises the following steps:
the calculation method of the mass m of the single graphite heat storage block (1) comprises the following steps:
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block (1);
D 0 the diameter of the graphite heat storage block (1);
and theta is the aperture ratio of the graphite heat storage block (1).
6. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the second step, the loading power P of the ith graphite heat storage block (1) i The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
when i is 1-n-k, P i ＝0；
When n-k < i.ltoreq.n, P i ＝P。
7. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the fourth step, the method for calculating the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient F by adopting the linear interpolation method comprises the following steps:
setting 4 interpolation points, namely:
when (when)
When f=0.2;
when (when)
When f=0.48;
when (when)
When f=0.64;
when (when)
When f=0.72;
others
F, obtaining the corresponding value according to a linear interpolation method.
8. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the fifth step, the energy P is lost Loss of The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein epsilon is the blackness of the surface of the graphite material; epsilon=0.95;
σ b is a stefin-boltzmann constant; sigma (sigma) b ＝5.67×10 -8 ；
T 1 The temperature of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1).
9. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) is discretized is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1):
wherein ρ is the density of the graphite heat storage block (1);
m is the mass of a single graphite heat storage block (1);
C p specific heat for graphite material;
T 1 the temperature of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1);
T 2 the temperature of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1);
f is the radiation heat transfer angle coefficient;
P 1 the loading power of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1);
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is 1 (t) The temperature value of the (1) st time step of the graphite heat storage block (1);
T 1 (t-1) the temperature value of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) at the t-1 th time step;
10. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the dispersion of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 st graphite heat storage block (1) is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1):
wherein T is i-1 The temperature of the i-1 graphite heat storage block (1);
T i the temperature of the ith graphite heat storage block (1);
T i+1 the temperature of the (i+1) th graphite heat storage block (1);
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1) after the dispersion is converted into:
wherein T is i (t) The temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block (1) in the t time step is obtained;
T i (t-1) the temperature value of the ith graphite heat storage block (1) at the t-1 time step;
11. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 10, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the seventh step, the calculation method of the temperature control equation after the discretization of the nth graphite heat storage block (1) is as follows:
s1: establishing a temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block (1):
wherein T is n-1 The temperature of the n-1 graphite heat storage block (1);
T n the temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block (1);
s2: solving the temperature of the graphite heat storage block by adopting a numerical discrete method; the temperature control equation of the nth graphite heat storage block (1) after the dispersion is converted into:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
the temperature value of the nth time step of the nth graphite heat storage block (1);
12. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 11, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the eighth step, the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) 1 (final) The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) is calculated by the simultaneous formula (2) and the formula (3) 1 (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1) i (final) The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature T of the 2 nd graphite heat storage block (1) to the n-1 th graphite heat storage block (1) is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (3) i (final) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Temperature at preheating termination time of nth graphite heat storage block (1)
The calculation method of (1) is as follows: the preheating termination time temperature of the nth graphite heat storage block (1) is calculated by the simultaneous formula (1) and the formula (2)>
13. The method for realizing the high-temperature curve for the graphite electric induction heater according to claim 12, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step nine, the calculation method of the temperature difference delta T between the 1 st graphite heat storage block (1) and the n graphite heat storage block (1) at the preheating termination time is as follows:
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