CN109683112A - A kind of magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber and its preparation and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber and its preparation and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109683112A CN109683112A CN201811602072.8A CN201811602072A CN109683112A CN 109683112 A CN109683112 A CN 109683112A CN 201811602072 A CN201811602072 A CN 201811602072A CN 109683112 A CN109683112 A CN 109683112A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0052—Manufacturing aspects; Manufacturing of single devices, i.e. of semiconductor magnetic sensor chips
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- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to fibre optic magnetic field sensor technical fields, specifically disclose the magnetic field sensor and its preparation and detection method of a kind of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, the magnetic field sensor includes side-polished fiber, the magnetic fluid being coated on around rubbing down area, light source and the spectrometer for detecting transmitted spectrum, and the rubbing down optical fiber is to fall part of clad by optical fiber rubbing down to be made；The rubbing down optical fiber is equipped with capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue, and the magnetic fluid is by capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue sealed envelope around side-polished fiber；Under magnetic fields, nanoparticle collects or disperses with magnetic direction, so that control of the refractive index of nanoparticle by magnetic field strength and direction, to under the evanscent field interaction between nanoparticle and rubbing down optical fiber, transmitted spectrum signal will receive the control in magnetic field strength and direction, constitute magnetic field sensor.The invention reside in the variations that can delicately detect magnetic field strength and direction, help to realize highly sensitive magnetic field measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre optic magnetic field sensor technical fields, and in particular to a kind of magnetic field of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber
Sensor and its preparation and detection method.
Background technique
Sensing technology, the communication technology and computer technology have together constituted with three big pillars of modern information industry, exist respectively
Play the role of " sense organ ", " nerve " and " brain " in information system.Wherein, key of the sensing technology as acquisition of information
Component, is the basis of follow-up transmission, processing, and importance is self-evident.
An important branch of the fibre optical sensor as modern sensor field has small in size, light-weight, sensitivity
It is high, dynamic range is big, it is low in energy consumption, convenient for multiplexing, convenient for uniquenesses such as long-range monitoring, strong robustness, anticorrosive, electromagnetism interferences
Advantage, having traditional sensors under the adverse circumstances such as inflammable and explosive, deep-etching, strong-electromagnetic field can not advantage shoulder to shoulder.Side
Rubbing down optical fiber method has become the novel all-fiber devices of construction and Multifunctional optical fiber sensor has become the effective of research and development
One of approach.This method principle is as follows, and the fibre cladding of adequate thickness ensure that the light field propagated in fibre core, in optical fiber packet
The energy of evanescent wave field will not be leaked to outside of fiber in layer.When the covering thickness for making optical fiber with the method for rubbing down or chemical attack
Degree is reduced to region existing for evanescent wave field, that is, away from fibre core only several microns of region when, be formed in a fibre core
Transmit " the leakage window " of the evanescent wave field of light.Herein at " window ", people are possible to be excited using evanscent field, be controlled,
The lossless propagation of transmission light wave in detection optical fiber fibre core or leakage.
And in recent years, using magnetic fluid to magnetic-field-sensitive and the characteristic being easily integrated, fibre optic magnetic field sensor has newly
The implementation for having good development prospect, the fibre optical sensor based on magnetic fluid is also at one weight of sensory field of optic fibre
The research hotspot wanted.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide magnetic field sensor of a kind of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber and preparation method thereof with
Detection method can delicately detect the variation in magnetic field strength and direction.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, including side-polished fiber, be coated on around rubbing down area
Magnetic fluid, light source and the spectrometer for detecting transmitted spectrum, the rubbing down optical fiber be fallen by optical fiber rubbing down part packet
Layer is made interaction；The rubbing down optical fiber is equipped with capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue, and the magnetic fluid passes through
Capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue sealed envelope are around side-polished fiber.
Specifically, the present invention leaks out the light in rubbing down optical fiber in a manner of evanscent field rubbing down, rubbing down light
Fibre with rubbing down area surrounding medium by evanscent field so as to be interacted, the refractive index of change rubbing down area surrounding medium, from
And change the transmitted spectrum signal of rubbing down optical fiber.Under magnetic fields, when incident light is parallel with magnetic direction, in magnetic fluid
Nanoparticle collect high density nanometer group on the side throwing surface of optical fiber；When incident light is vertical with magnetic direction, in magnetic fluid
Nanoparticle accumulate low-density nanometer group on the side throwing surface of optical fiber.This nanoparticle collects or divides with magnetic direction
Scattered behavior, so that control of the refractive index of nanoparticle by magnetic field strength and direction, and then influence nanoparticle and throw
Evanscent field interaction between polishing fibre, so that control of the transmitted spectrum signal of rubbing down optical fiber by magnetic field strength and direction,
Constitute magnetic field sensor.
The present invention can occur to converge under magnetic fields or disperse so as to cause refraction using the nanoparticle in magnetic fluid
The changed characteristic of rate recycles the evanscent field of nanoparticle and rubbing down optical fiber to interact, passes through the transmission of rubbing down optical fiber
Spectrum reflects the variations in refractive index for the magnetic fluid being coated on rubbing down optical fiber, to realize magnetic field sensing.
Preferably, the distance d of the rubbing down face in rubbing down area to fibre core is 0~2um.
When d is less than 0, illustrates that fibre core will be thrown by part and remove, loss of this time when optical fiber transmits is bigger, transmitted spectrum
In luminous intensity also can accordingly reduce (total numberical range decline), the amplitude of variation of luminous intensity is also accordingly reduced, so that sensing
The sensitivity of device declines.And residual thickness is excessive, fibre cladding can hinder light to leak out in a manner of evanescent wave.
Preferably, the rubbing down section length is 9~15mm.
A kind of preparation method of the magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber: the following steps are included:
S1, it prepares side-polished fiber: by rubbing down, a part of covering of optical fiber being removed, form one in optical fiber surface
The flat site of measured length, i.e. rubbing down area；
S2, by capillary pipe sleeve outside the rubbing down area of side throwing optical fiber, magnetic fluid is filled in capillary using capillarity,
To make magnetic fluid be coated on around optical fiber, purple light glue is dripped at capillary both ends, with ultraviolet light irradiation until purple light glue is completely solidifying
Gu capillary both ends are sealed.
Preferably, rubbing down is carried out to optical fiber using emery wheel in step sl, the granularity of the abrasive grains on emery wheel is less than 1
μ m。
Preferably, a kind of detection method of the magnetic field sensor using above-mentioned magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber detects magnetic field
When direction change, the magnetic field strength in magnetic field is detected between 0~300Oe.This detection method is to detect the light intensity of transmitted spectrum
Degree changes the variation to determine magnetic field strength or direction.
Preferably, the detection range of the transmitted spectrum of spectrometer is in 400nm~1100nm.
Preferably, spectrometer acquires the luminous intensity on corresponding wavelength every 1nm, finally by the light on all wavelengths
Intensity is summed to obtain final luminous intensity.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is by combining rubbing down optical fiber with magnetic fluid, using the magneto-optic effect of nanoparticle in magnetic fluid,
The non-centrosymmetric structure of non-homogeneous aggregation properties of the magnetic fluid around optical fiber, side throwing optical fiber itself, in magnetic fluid and rubbing down
Under the evanscent field interaction of optical fiber, realizes that magnetic field controls the high sensitivity of transmitted spectrum signal, can be believed by transmitted spectrum
Number reflect the variation in magnetic field strength and direction.
(2) excellent experimental data is searched out according to many experiments in the present invention, can effectively avoid due to preparation process's
Optical power loss brought by making mistakes, causes the sensitivity of sensor to decline.
(3) the magnetic field strength section in suitable detected magnetic field is selected, so that the magnetic field angle response characteristic of sensor
High sensitivity is easy to measure the variation of magnetic direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is in embodiment 1, and fixed magnetic field intensity is 300Oe, rubbing down area and magnetic field the angled light from 0 ° to 90 °
Response characteristic figure.
Fig. 2 is in embodiment 1, and fixed magnetic field intensity is 300Oe, rubbing down area and magnetic field it is angled from 90 ° to 180 °
Response characteristics to light figure.
Fig. 3 is in embodiment 1, and fixed magnetic field intensity is 300Oe, and rubbing down area and magnetic field institute are angled from 180 ° to 270 °
Response characteristics to light figure.
Fig. 4 is in embodiment 1, and fixed magnetic field intensity is 300Oe, and rubbing down area and magnetic field institute are angled from 270 ° to 360 °
Response characteristics to light figure.
Fig. 5 is the sensing device and measurement method schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is in embodiment 1, when fixed magnetic field intensity is respectively 60Oe and 300Oe, the Output optical power that measures
With the response results of magnetic field angle.
Fig. 7 is in embodiment 2, and when fixed magnetic field angle is 0 ° and 90 ° respectively, the Output optical power measured is strong with magnetic field
The response results of degree.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing of the present invention only for illustration, is not considered as limiting the invention.It is following in order to more preferably illustrate
Embodiment, the certain components of attached drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product；For art technology
For personnel, the omitting of some known structures and their instructions in the attached drawings are understandable.
Embodiment 1
A kind of magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, including side-polished fiber, be coated on around rubbing down area
Magnetic fluid, light source and the spectrometer for detecting transmitted spectrum, the rubbing down optical fiber be fallen by optical fiber rubbing down part packet
Layer is made, and makes the light in rubbing down optical fiber can leak out in a manner of evanescent wave rubbing down, rubbing down optical fiber so as to
Evanscent field interaction is collectively formed with the substance in rubbing down area, by changing the refractive index of substance in rubbing down area, to change
The transmitted spectrum signal of rubbing down optical fiber.
The magnetic fluid is by capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue sealed envelope around side-polished fiber；In magnetic
Under field action, when incident light is parallel with magnetic direction, the nanoparticle in magnetic fluid collects high density nanometer group, works as incidence
When the electric field of light is vertical with magnetic direction, the nanoparticle in magnetic fluid accumulates low-density nanometer group, and nanoparticle is with magnetic field
Direction is collected or is dispersed so that control of the refractive index of nanoparticle by magnetic field strength and direction, thus nanoparticle with
Under evanscent field interaction between rubbing down optical fiber, so that the transmitted spectrum signal of rubbing down optical fiber is by magnetic field strength and direction
Control constitutes magnetic field sensor.
Preferably, the residual thickness d of the rubbing down face in rubbing down area to fibre core is 0 μm.
Preferably, the rubbing down section length is 10mm.
A kind of preparation method of the magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber: the following steps are included:
S1, it prepares side-polished fiber: by rubbing down, a part of covering of optical fiber being removed, form one in optical fiber surface
The flat site of measured length, i.e. rubbing down area；
S2, by capillary pipe sleeve outside the rubbing down region of side throwing optical fiber, magnetic fluid is filled with capillary using capillarity
In, so that magnetic fluid be made to be coated on around optical fiber, purple light glue is dripped at capillary both ends, with ultraviolet light irradiation until purple light glue is complete
Full solidification, capillary both ends are sealed.
Preferably, a kind of detection method of the magnetic field sensor using above-mentioned magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber detects magnetic field
When direction change, the magnetic field strength in magnetic field is detected between 0~300Oe.
Preferably, the detection range of the transmitted spectrum of spectrometer is in 400~1100nm.
Preferably, spectrometer acquires the luminous intensity on corresponding wavelength every 1nm, finally by the light on all wavelengths
Intensity is summed to obtain final luminous intensity.
For the characteristic that the magnetic field sensor of the magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber responds magnetic direction, applicant is carried out
Following experiment:
Herein using the experimental method of control variable, electromagnet both end voltage is adjusted to certain value, guarantees magnetic field strength
It is stable and constant, magnetic field sensor magnetic field angle response characteristic is then tested by rotating field sensor.Every rotation is certain
Angle just observes and records the spectrum under lower current angular.Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 (response when lowermost curve is 0 ° in Fig. 1
Characteristic curve, 4 ° are taken second place, as the height of the corresponding curve of increase of angle is sequentially increased) it is that control magnetic field strength is
300Oe is constant, and current spectrogram is recorded in every 4 ° of rotation, from 0 ° record always to 360 ° (as shown in figure 5, at 0 °, magnetic field
It is tangent with rubbing down area, magnetic field face rubbing down area at 90 °).From Fig. 1~4 it is not difficult to find out that, from 0 ° to 90 °, gradually with angle
Increase, the trend risen is totally presented in the luminous intensity of the light of each wavelength；From 90 ° to 180 °, as angle gradually increases, each wave
Downward trend is totally presented in the luminous intensity of long light；From 180 ° to 270 °, as angle gradually increases, the light of each wavelength
The trend risen is totally presented in luminous intensity；And from 270 ° to 360 °, as angle gradually increases, the luminous intensity of the light of each wavelength
What is totally presented is again downward trend.And, it is apparent that when angle changes from 0 ° or 180 ° from Fig. 1~4
When, corresponding intensity variation is relatively large, it was demonstrated that sensor is maximum to 0 ° and 180 ° of direction and sensitivity.
In order to probe into influence of the magnetic field strength for the direction and sensitivity of sensor, applicant tests magnetic field strength 60Oe
When magnetic field sensor magnetic field angle performance, and by 60Oe under 300Oe magnetic field angle response interpretation together with
It is compared, as shown in Figure 6.In fig. 6 it can be seen that when magnetic field strength is in 300Oe, the intensity variation of transmitted spectrum
It is become apparent with angle change, is in 8 fonts, and magnetic field strength is in 60Oe, the intensity variation of transmitted spectrum is with angle change
Relatively subtle, this proves that magnetic field strength is higher, and magnetic field angle response characteristic is most sensitive, can preferably analyze magnetic field angle
Variation.
Embodiment 2
The characteristic that the present embodiment responds magnetic field strength for the magnetic field sensor of the magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, Shen
It asks someone to have carried out following experiment:
After sensor to be fixed on to specified magnetic field angle, changes the intensity in magnetic field by changing supply voltage, often change
Become the spectrogram under a primary voltage current magnetic field intensity of record, magnetic field strength of this experiment changes range and arrives for 0Oe
400Oe, it is 0 ° and 90 ° that rubbing down area is angled with magnetic field institute, obtains Fig. 7.As shown in fig. 7, when angle is 0 °, as magnetic field is strong
Entire lowering trend is presented in the increase of degree, the luminous intensity of the light of each wavelength, and when angle is 90 °, with the increasing of magnetic field strength
Greatly, the trend that rises overally is presented in the luminous intensity of the light of each wavelength, illustrates when the field parallel of incident light is in externally-applied magnetic field direction
When, the refractive index of magnetic fluid increases with magnetic field strength and is increased；When the electric field of incident light is perpendicular to externally-applied magnetic field direction, magnetic
The refractive index of fluid increases with magnetic field strength and is reduced, therefore, with the increase of magnetic field strength, rubbing down area and the be in angle in magnetic field
The amplitude of variation of luminous intensity caused by the variation of degree is bigger, is conducive to the spirit for improving the magnetic field angle response characteristic of sensor
Sensitivity more accurately measures the variation in magnetic field.And from Fig. 7 it can be found that ought be with the increase of magnetic field strength, transmitted spectrum
Luminous intensity increase or decrease therewith, when magnetic field strength reaches 300Oe, magnetic field strength is continued growing, the light of transmitted spectrum
The variation of intensity also tends towards stability.For this purpose, the present invention is in order to avoid magnetic while improving the sensitivity of magnetic field angle response characteristic
Energy consumption brought by field intensity is excessively high and other problems have been concluded in magnetic direction measurement, and the magnetic field for being detected magnetic field is strong
Spending range should be between 0~300Oe.
Specifically, to magnetic field direction or intensity detect when, be first recorded under different magnetic field intensity, rubbing down area
Magnetic field angle response curve of the angle from 0 ° to 360 ° between magnetic field, then when external magnetic field changes, according to light intensity
The amplitude that degree increases or decreases and changes finds corresponding curve, realizes the measurement to magnetic direction and intensity.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention example, and
It is not the restriction to a specific embodiment of the invention.It is all to be made within the spirit and principle of claims of the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, which is characterized in that including side-polished fiber, be coated on throwing
Magnetic fluid, light source and the spectrometer for detecting transmitted spectrum around area are ground, the rubbing down optical fiber is by optical fiber rubbing down
Fall part of clad to be made；
The rubbing down optical fiber is equipped with capillary glass tube and optics ultraviolet glue, and the magnetic fluid passes through capillary glass tube and light
Ultraviolet glue sealed envelope is learned around side-polished fiber.
2. a kind of magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distance in the rubbing down face in rubbing down area to fibre core
D is 0~2um.
3. a kind of magnetic field sensor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is characterized in that, the rubbing down section length
For 9~15mm.
4. a kind of preparation method of the magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber, which comprises the following steps:
S1, it prepares side-polished fiber: a part of covering of optical fiber being removed by rubbing down, form certain length in optical fiber surface
Flat site, i.e. rubbing down area；
S2, by capillary pipe sleeve outside the rubbing down region of side throwing optical fiber, magnetic fluid is filled in capillary using capillarity, from
And it is coated on magnetic fluid around optical fiber, and purple light glue is dripped at capillary both ends, with ultraviolet light irradiation until purple light glue solidifies completely,
Capillary both ends are sealed.
5. a kind of preparation method of the magnetic field sensor of magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber according to claim 4, feature
It is, rubbing down is carried out to optical fiber using emery wheel in step sl, the granularity of the abrasive grains on emery wheel is less than 1 μm.
6. a kind of detection side of the magnetic field sensor using the described in any item magnetic fluid coating side throwing optical fiber of claim 1-3
Method, which is characterized in that when detection magnetic direction variation, be detected the magnetic field strength in magnetic field between 0~300Oe.
7. the detection method of magnetic field sensor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the detection range of transmitted spectrum exists
400nm~1100nm.
8. the detection method of magnetic field sensor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that transmitted spectrum is adopted every 1nm
Collect the luminous intensity on corresponding wavelength, is finally summed the luminous intensity on all wavelengths to obtain final luminous intensity.
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| CN113009384A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-22 | 国网江西省电力有限公司信息通信分公司 | Vector magnetic field sensor, preparation method and detection system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111426337A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆邮电大学 | Sagnac interference fluid sensing system based on side-throwing optical fiber |
| CN113009384A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-22 | 国网江西省电力有限公司信息通信分公司 | Vector magnetic field sensor, preparation method and detection system |
| CN113009384B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2023-12-29 | 国网江西省电力有限公司信息通信分公司 | Vector magnetic field sensor, preparation method and detection system |
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