CN107121083A - A kind of asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer - Google Patents
A kind of asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121083A CN107121083A CN201710488738.0A CN201710488738A CN107121083A CN 107121083 A CN107121083 A CN 107121083A CN 201710488738 A CN201710488738 A CN 201710488738A CN 107121083 A CN107121083 A CN 107121083A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35329—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using interferometer with two arms in transmission, e.g. Mach-Zender interferometer
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer of one kind, including wideband light source, sensing unit, spectrometer, the sensing unit includes incident single-mode fiber, less fundamental mode optical fibre and outgoing single-mode fiber, one end of the incident single-mode fiber is connected by importing single-mode fiber with light source, one end lumbar vertebrae amplification welding of its other end and less fundamental mode optical fibre, the other end of the less fundamental mode optical fibre amplifies welding with outgoing single-mode fiber lumbar vertebrae, and the other end of the outgoing single-mode fiber is connected with spectrometer.Compact conformation of the present invention, preparation are simple, and measurable lateral pull and longitudinal curvature, measurement result are accurate, and sensitivity is high, there is very big application potential in terms of various strain measurements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber, more particularly to a kind of fibre optic strain sensor.
Background technology
Fibre optical sensor have compared with other sensors small volume, lightweight, sensitivity it is high, not by electromagnetic interference, resistance to
The features such as corrosion so that fibre optical sensor application is extremely wide, it almost relate to national defence and national economy all spectra and people
Daily life.
Strain refers to the change that object occurs due to external cause or latent defect, its volume or shape.In industry, material, boat
In the fields such as sky, the accurate detection of strain has very important effect.Fibre optic strain sensor relatively common at present is main
There are cascade connection type, grating type optical fiber, Sagnac interference-type etc..Such as virgin lofty and steep one kind that proposes is based on multi-mode-single mode-multimode
(Multimode-single mode-multimode, MSM) structure and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiberbragg grating,
FBG measurement temperature simultaneously and the sensor of strain) are cascaded, test result indicates that, in 0~650 μ ε range of strain, MSM structures
Interference spectrum and FBG strain sensitivity are respectively -0.0013nm/ μ ε and 0.0012nm/ μ ε；Shao Min etc. is in polarization maintaining optical fibre Sagnac
One LPFG (LPFG) of access, is adjusted using LPFG to the transmitted spectrum of polarization maintaining optical fibre Sagnac rings in ring
System, find wavelength with polarization maintaining optical fibre strain variation, intensity with LPFG strain variation, therefore can detect strain apply position
Put, sensitivity is respectively 0.01572nm/ μ ε and 0.005283 δ Β/μ ε；Khurram Naeem etc. propose a kind of based on not right
Claim all -fiber Sagnac multi-parameter sensors of double-core photonic crystal fiber, axial strain's sensitivity is -1.91 × 10-4rad/μ
ε；Wang Dong far waits one section of bragg grating of welding in Mach-increasing Deccan interferometer, and wherein Mach-Zender interferometer is by two
Individual peanut shaped structure single-mode fiber welding is formed, measured in experiment Mach-Zender interferometer to the sensitivity of curvature for-
27.58nm/m-1, change of the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG to curvature in the range of particular measurement be insensitive；Xiaoyong zhong etc.
A kind of LPFG strain transducer is proposed, week is filled with LPFG using carbon dioxide laser
The airport of phase property, which reaches, puies forward highly sensitive purpose, and the strain sensitivity drawn is -5.62pm/ μ ε.Document above is to sensing
The strain-responsive characteristic of device has been carried out deeply and significant research, still, the sensitivity of measurement is not universal high and most of
Can only be from laterally or longitudinally upper measuring strain, it is impossible to which comprehensively reflection applies the situation of power on a sensor.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of compact conformation, prepare the few mould of the high asymmetric thick wimble structure of simple, sensitivity
Fibre optic strain sensor.
To achieve the above object, following technical scheme is employed：The invention mainly comprises wideband light source, sensing unit and light
Spectrometer, one end of the sensing unit is connected by importing single-mode fiber with wideband light source, and the other end of sensing unit is by leading
Go out single-mode fiber to be connected with spectrometer.
Further, the sensing unit includes incident single-mode fiber, less fundamental mode optical fibre and outgoing single-mode fiber；The incidence
Single-mode fiber is made up of single-mode fiber covering and single-mode fiber fibre core, and single-mode fiber covering is wrapped in single-mode fiber fibre core surface；
The less fundamental mode optical fibre is made up of less fundamental mode optical fibre covering and less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core, and less fundamental mode optical fibre covering is wrapped in less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core table
Face；The outgoing single-mode fiber is also made up of single-mode fiber covering and single-mode fiber fibre core, the single-mode fiber of outgoing single-mode fiber
Covering is wrapped in single-mode fiber fibre core surface；Single-mode fiber fibre core one end of incident single-mode fiber is connected with importing single-mode fiber,
Import single-mode fiber other end connection wideband light source, the single-mode fiber fibre core other end and the less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core of incident single-mode fiber
One end carries out lumbar vertebrae amplification welding and forms small thick wimble structure fibre core, and small thick wimble structure bag is wrapped up on small thick wimble structure fibre core surface
Layer；The other end of less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core carries out lumbar vertebrae amplification welding with single-mode fiber fibre core one end of outgoing single-mode fiber and formed greatly
Thick wimble structure fibre core, in the big thick big thick wimble structure covering of wimble structure fibre core surface parcel, and the diameter of big thick wimble structure fibre core is big
In the diameter of small thick wimble structure fibre core, the diameter of big thick wimble structure covering is more than the diameter of small thick wimble structure covering；Outgoing single mode
The single-mode fiber fibre core other end of optical fiber is connected with export single-mode fiber, export single-mode fiber other end connection spectrometer.
Further, the single-mode fiber core diameter of the incident single-mode fiber and outgoing single-mode fiber is 9 μm, covering
Diameter is 125 μm；The length of less fundamental mode optical fibre is 59mm, and less fundamental mode optical fibre core diameter is 20 μm, less fundamental mode optical fibre cladding diameter 125
μm。
The course of work approximately as：
Two thick cones of different sizes play a part of fiber coupler, and the less fundamental mode optical fibre between thick cone plays pickup arm
Effect.Light enters from incident single-mode fiber, during by first thick wimble structure, and a part of light enters the fibre core of less fundamental mode optical fibre with base
Mould is transmitted, and is partly into the covering of less fundamental mode optical fibre, is excited the higher order mode in covering to transmit；By second thick cone knot
During structure, the high-order mode transmitted in the basic mode and covering that are transmitted in less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core is re-coupled to the fibre of outgoing single-mode fiber
Core.Because basic mode is different with the refractive index of high-order mode, light can produce corresponding optical path difference when passing through the less fundamental mode optical fibre of certain length,
Interference is produced, Mach-Zender interferometer is formed.
Light intensity after the communication satisfaction two-beam interference principle of the two-mode interfered in a fiber, two beam interferences and
There is following relation in the light intensity before interference：
I is the total light intensity after interference in formula.I1And I2Respectively by the basic mode and the light intensity of high-order mode of less fundamental mode optical fibre,
For basic mode and the phase difference of cladding mode.Expression formula be：
In formula, Δ neffFor the difference of effective refractive index between fibre core basic mode and cladding mode.Due to fibre core and the material of covering
Difference, when extraneous strain variation, the change of effective refractive index is different, thus causes the change of optical path difference, and then causes interference
The change of light intensity afterwards.Therefore, by detecting the change of light intensity, so that it may realize the measurement of curvature.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, compact conformation, preparation are simple, and one section of less fundamental mode optical fibre dislocation-free lumbar vertebrae need to only be amplified to welding in two sections of single-mode optics
Between fibre.
2nd, horizontal pulling force can be both surveyed, longitudinal curvature can be surveyed again, more fully reflects the stressing conditions of outer fiber.
3rd, using the interference between different mode in fibre core, realize that external environment is believed based on Mach Zehnder interference principle
The detection of breath, sensitivity is high, has very wide application prospect, there is huge application potential in terms of Fibre Optical Sensor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is simplified schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of sensing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the transmission light spectrogram of sensing unit of the present invention.
Transmission light spectrograms of the Fig. 4 for the present invention under different pulling force.
Passes of the Fig. 5 for the present invention in the μ ε weight ranges of 144.93 μ ε~1014.51 between transmission spectral line and tension variations
System's figure.
Fig. 6 is that inventive sensor measures curvature experimental provision schematic diagram.
Transmission light spectrograms of the Fig. 7 for the present invention under different curvature.
Fig. 8 is the present invention in 0m-1~0.42m-1Graph of a relation in curvature range between transmission spectral line and Curvature varying.It is attached
Figure grade：1- wideband light sources, 2- sensing units, 3- spectrometers, 4- export single-mode fiber, 5- experiment porch fixing end, 6- experiments
Platform mobile terminal, 7- import the thick cone that the incident single-mode fiber of the incident single-mode fiber of single-mode fiber, 8-, 9- formed with less fundamental mode optical fibre,
Thick cone, 12- outgoing single-mode fiber, the 13- single-mode fiber bags of 10- less fundamental mode optical fibres, 11- outgoing single-mode fiber and less fundamental mode optical fibre formation
Layer, the big thick wimble structure covering of 14- single-mode fibers fibre core, 15-, the big thick wimble structure fibre cores of 16-, 17- less fundamental mode optical fibres covering, 18- are few
The small thick wimble structure covering of mode fiber fibre core, 19-, the small thick wimble structure fibre cores of 20-, 21- curvature experimental provisions.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, one end of sensing unit 2 is connected by importing single-mode fiber 7 with wideband light source 1, the sensing unit 2
The other end be connected by exporting single-mode fiber 4 with spectrometer 3, sensing unit 2 be located at pulling experiment it is flat on, pulling experiment platform
The position of experiment porch 5 is adjusted including experiment porch fixing end 5 and experiment porch mobile terminal 6, in experiment to adjust suffered by optical fiber
Pulling force, records the transmission spectrum under correspondence pulling force, as shown in Figure 4 from spectrometer 3.
As shown in Fig. 2 the sensing unit 2 includes incident single-mode fiber 8, less fundamental mode optical fibre 10 and outgoing single-mode fiber 12,
One end of incident single-mode fiber 8 is connected with light source 1, and the other end of incident single-mode fiber 8 is connected with less fundamental mode optical fibre 10, and in welding
Point electric discharge 6 times, the small thick wimble structure 9 of formation, one end dislocation-free welding of the less fundamental mode optical fibre other end and outgoing single-mode fiber 12, equally
Increase the discharge time of welding at fusion point, discharge 8 times, form big thick wimble structure 11.The other end of outgoing single-mode fiber 12
It is connected with spectrometer 3, the core diameter of the single-mode fiber of the incident and outgoing is 9 μm, 125 μm of cladding diameter；Less fundamental mode optical fibre
Length be that 59mm, core diameter are 20 μm, 125 μm of cladding diameter.
During prepared by sensor, using Furukawa FITEL S178 type optical fiber splicers, wave-length coverage is 1520-
1610nm ASE3700 types wideband light source and AQ6375 type optical spectrometers.In cutting optical fibre, ensure fiber end face as far as possible
Flatness and cleanliness factor, and carry out by the way of manual weld the welding between FMF and SMF, used due to heat sealing machine
It is the mode for promoting welding, therefore in optical fiber align, two sections of optical fiber is left a fixed gap to ensure fused fiber splice end face
Fitness and flatness.Electric current is careful not to during progress multiple discharge operation and crosses the thick wimble structure appearance of ambassador entirety up or down
The situation of bending, therefore welding current is set to 120mA.The length for being illustrated in figure 3 less fundamental mode optical fibre is 59mm transmission light
Spectrum.It can be obtained from Fig. 3, obvious Mach Zehnder interference phenomenon is generated in sensing unit, is formd relatively good
Interference fringe.
As shown in fig. 6, one end of sensing unit 2 is connected by importing single-mode fiber 7 with wideband light source 1, the sensing unit 2
The other end be connected by exporting single-mode fiber 4 with spectrometer 3, sensing unit 2 is placed on pulling experiment platform, fixes two
The distance between platform, amount of curvature suffered by sensor is controlled by adjusting distance that curvature experimental provision 21 is pressed downward, and
The transmission spectrum under correspondence different curvature is recorded from spectrometer 3, as shown in Figure 7.
It can be obtained from Fig. 5, Fig. 8, the corresponding pulling force of sensor and curvature sensitivity are respectively 0.00748dB/ μ ε
And 14.08462dB/m-1, it can be seen that sensor of the invention is all very sensitive to lateral pull and longitudinal curvature.Specifically examining
When surveying the strain of object under test, the variable quantity of different valley light intensity is read from spectroanalysis instrument, you can draw the variable quantity of strain.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
In various modifications and improvement that case is made, the protection domain that claims of the present invention determination all should be fallen into.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer, mainly including wideband light source, sensing unit and spectrometer,
It is characterized in that：One end of the sensing unit is connected by importing single-mode fiber with wideband light source, the other end of sensing unit
It is connected by exporting single-mode fiber with spectrometer.
2. the asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Sensing unit includes incident single-mode fiber, less fundamental mode optical fibre and outgoing single-mode fiber；The incident single-mode fiber is by single-mode fiber bag
Layer and single-mode fiber fibre core composition, single-mode fiber covering are wrapped in single-mode fiber fibre core surface；The less fundamental mode optical fibre is by few mould light
Fine covering and less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core composition, less fundamental mode optical fibre covering is wrapped in less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core surface；The outgoing single-mode fiber
Also it is made up of single-mode fiber covering and single-mode fiber fibre core, it is long and slender that the single-mode fiber covering of outgoing single-mode fiber is wrapped in single-mode optics
Wicking surface；Single-mode fiber fibre core one end of incident single-mode fiber is connected with importing single-mode fiber, imports the single-mode fiber other end and connects
Wideband light source is connect, the single-mode fiber fibre core other end and less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core one end of incident single-mode fiber carry out lumbar vertebrae amplification welding
Small thick wimble structure fibre core is formed, small thick wimble structure covering is wrapped up on small thick wimble structure fibre core surface；Less fundamental mode optical fibre fibre core it is another
End and single-mode fiber fibre core one end of outgoing single-mode fiber carry out lumbar vertebrae amplification welding and form big thick wimble structure fibre core, in big thick cone
The big thick wimble structure covering of structure fibre core surface parcel, and the diameter of big thick wimble structure fibre core is more than the straight of small thick wimble structure fibre core
Footpath, the diameter of big thick wimble structure covering is more than the diameter of small thick wimble structure covering；The single-mode fiber fibre core of outgoing single-mode fiber is another
One end is connected with export single-mode fiber, export single-mode fiber other end connection spectrometer.
3. the asymmetric thick wimble structure less fundamental mode optical fibre strain transducer of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The single-mode fiber core diameter of incident single-mode fiber and outgoing single-mode fiber is 9 μm, cladding diameter is 125 μm；Few mould light
Fine length is 59mm, and less fundamental mode optical fibre core diameter is 20 μm, 125 μm of less fundamental mode optical fibre cladding diameter.
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| CN107806838A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-16 | 罗琪 | Curvature measuring device and its application based on nodule structure light pipe |
| CN108168585A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-15 | 北京信息科技大学 | The method that fibre optical sensor is prepared based on chemical attack and welding electric discharge |
| CN108267241A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of high sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensor based on mixed type honeysuckle life knot |
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| CN108982414A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-11 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | A kind of graphene fibre optical sensor and its preparation method and application |
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