CN109682948A - A kind of imitative experimental appliance and its experimental method of charcoal improvement red soil - Google Patents
A kind of imitative experimental appliance and its experimental method of charcoal improvement red soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682948A CN109682948A CN201910085367.0A CN201910085367A CN109682948A CN 109682948 A CN109682948 A CN 109682948A CN 201910085367 A CN201910085367 A CN 201910085367A CN 109682948 A CN109682948 A CN 109682948A
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- column casing
- cylinder
- red soil
- soil
- charcoal
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 bracket Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000798443 Hornodermoporus martius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004880 oxines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
Abstract
The present invention relates to the imitative experimental appliances and its experimental method of a kind of charcoal improvement red soil, the imitative experimental appliance includes bracket, water supply device, column casing and groundwater level simulation mechanism, the column casing includes upper column casing, middle column casing and lower column casing, the middle column casing includes silicone cylinder, flange, several springs, load cylinder and auto-telescopic mechanism, the silicone cylinder be free to wind on annulus, and then change the length of silicone cylinder, the upper end of the silicone cylinder is fixed together with upper flange under the effect of spring force by upper fixed ring, the auto-telescopic mechanism is fixed on flange.The achievable capillary of experimental provision of the invention rises, soil moisture content and conductivity are migrated under simulation evaporation conditions, soil moisture content and conductivity migration etc. are tested under controlling groundwater level change condition, it is observed using the dynamic that the water in red soil and biomass carbon and conductivity migration state may be implemented in the covering device, the composite mode for being most appropriate to plant growth is moused out, as a result accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the imitative experimental appliances and its experimental method of a kind of charcoal improvement red soil, belong to agricultural ecological ring
Border experimental provision.
Background technique
Charcoal is that the agricultural residues such as waste wood, stalk and house refuse etc. are generated through pyrolytic under anoxic conditions
, main component is derivative, furans, pyrans and anhydrousugar, phenol, alkane and the olefin(e) of cellulose, carboxyl, acid and acid
The mixture of the complicated components organic carbon such as analog derivative.The wastes such as stalk are converted into biomass carbon and are administered in soil, not only
Can be to avoid burning release, and soil Carbon stock can be improved and then realize emission reduction.In addition, it, which has, improves soil quality, protects
Hold all multiactions such as soil fertility.Biomass carbon is applied in water body, the energy with nitrogen, phosphorus substance in good adsorbed water body
Power；It is applied in soil, soil physico-chemical property can be changed, such as can increase soil organic substance content, improve carbon in the soil
Seal up for safekeeping the time, increase soil pH value, conductivity, degree of base saturation etc., biomass carbon can be in strong adsorption surrounding medium
Organic pollutant cuts down its environmental risk, and biomass carbon can also delay the release of fertilizer nutrient, increases the absorption to soil nutrient
Exchange can reduce Soil Nutrient Leaching loss, mitigate water body environment eutrophication.Red soil results from Perenniporia martius Yu Lin ﹑
It is desiliconization richness aluminium process and bioconcentration to occur and the red that develops into is in acidity under monsoon rainforest or evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation
And the unsaturated ferrallite of alkali height.But due to the qualitative weakness such as sour, thin, viscous of red soil, when distribution of red soil Regional Precipitation
Soil erosion, soil degradation, soil pollution caused by the uneven and unreasonable development of space division cloth etc., leads to red soil
The deterioration of the ecological environment in area, the potential production capacity of red soil resources cannot get due performance.Therefore added using biomass carbon
It is added in red soil, studies change of the biomass carbon to red soil.Research biomass carbon needs earth pillar to study the research of red soil.
In existing earth pillar research, have the following problems: the height of earth pillar cannot change, and need repeatedly to replace earth pillar in research process, with
Convenient for studying influence of the different packed heights to experimental result, experimental period is long, and experimental result repeatability is bad, and deviation is larger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the imitative experimental appliances and its experimental method of a kind of charcoal improvement red soil, solve existing experiment
The problems such as earth pillar can not freely change length, cause experimental period long, and experimental result repeatability is bad, and deviation is larger.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil, including bracket, water supply device, column casing and groundwater level mould
Quasi- mechanism, the water supply device, column casing and groundwater level simulation mechanism are fixed on bracket, and the column casing includes upper prop
Cylinder, middle column casing and lower column casing, between the upper column casing, middle column casing and lower column casing together by flanged joint, described is upper
Column casing and lower column casing are transparent organic glass cylinder, and the middle column casing includes silicone cylinder, flange, several springs, filling cylinder
Body and auto-telescopic mechanism, the filling cylinder are fixed on lower flange when main body is loaded, the silicone cylinder
Lower end be fixed together by being fixed on the lower fixed ring of lower spring end with lower flange, the upper end of the silicone cylinder passes through
Upper fixed ring is fixed together with upper flange under the effect of spring force, and the silicone cylinder be free on annulus
Winding, and then change the length of silicone cylinder, the both ends of the auto-telescopic mechanism are separately fixed at upper flange and lower flange
On, soil moisture content sensor installation port, soil conductivity sensor installation port and sample tap are provided on the middle column casing.Into
One step, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the water supply device includes water supply Markov bottle, atmospheric communicating pipe and water pipe, described
One end of atmospheric communicating pipe is immersed in the liquid water of Markov bottle, and the other end is extended in outside Markov bottle and is exposed in air,
By being connected to the bottom of upper column casing, the other end is connected to the bottom of Markov bottle for one end of the water pipe.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the groundwater level simulation mechanism include level of ground water Markov bottle,
One end of atmospheric communicating pipe and water pipe, the atmospheric communicating pipe is immersed in the liquid water of Markov bottle, and the other end extends in
Markov bottle is outer and is exposed in air, and one end of the water pipe with the bottom of lower column casing by being connected to, the other end and Markov bottle
Bottom connection.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the bottom of the upper column casing and middle column casing are provided with catch net.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: be provided with venthole on the lower column casing.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the measurement device further includes cylinder, hydraulic stem and platen, described
Cylinder and hydraulic cylinder be fixed on bracket, the platen is fixed on hydraulic stem, the diameter of the platen and column casing
Internal diameter is consistent.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the measurement device further includes including evaporation simulation device, the evaporation
Simulator is the infrared lamp or incandescent lamp being suspended on the port of column casing.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention are as follows: the auto-telescopic mechanism is electric hydaulic bar.
A kind of experimental method of charcoal improvement red soil, using imitative experimental appliance of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquire soil sample: acquisition red soil soil sample, proportionally addition charcoal is spare for a part；
(2) earth pillar loads: first loading lower column casing, fills the sand gravel and quartz sand of different-grain diameter；By the silica gel cylinder of middle column casing
Body is arranged in maximum height, then loads red soil；Then upper column casing is loaded, red soil and charcoal blending agent, column casing filling are filled
It is compacted by certain bulk density by platen；
(3) column casing filled is fixed on bracket, then installs water supply device, groundwater level simulation mechanism and evaporation
Simulator etc., and connect pipeline；
(4) soil moisture content sensor and soil conductivity sensor are mounted on column casing, then start to test；
(5) it first allows earth pillar to carry out infiltrating experiment, is then evaporated experiment, observe improvement of the charcoal to red soil；
(6) it is finished in an earth pillar height experiment, upper earth pillar is removed and is removed, then auto-telescopic mechanism is shunk, and same
When rolled by annulus, wind silicone cylinder on upper annulus, when silicone cylinder to setting height, auto-telescopic mechanism stopping,
Silicone cylinder is fixed, removal is extra to banket, and then installs column casing, carries out the experiment of different red soil height.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Imitative experimental appliance of the invention is cooperated using the silicone cylinder and automatic telescopic structure that can be wound, and is freely being stretched
Under the drive of contracting mechanism, the free filling height for changing red soil realizes primary dress column, can complete the reality of different height
It tests, experiment is simple, and reproducible, result error is small.
The achievable capillary of experimental provision of the invention rises, soil moisture content and conductivity migration under simulation evaporation conditions,
The experiment such as soil moisture content and conductivity migration, may be implemented red soil and life using the covering device under controlling groundwater level change condition
The dynamic observation of soil moisture content and conductivity migration state in substance charcoal, mouses out the compound die for being most appropriate to plant growth
Formula, as a result accurately.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of imitative experimental appliance of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the main view of middle column casing of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the rearview of middle column casing of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the filling tube structure schematic diagram of middle column casing of the invention；
In figure, 1 is bracket, and 2 be lower column casing, and 3 be middle column casing, and 4 be upper column casing, and 5 be water pipe, and 6 be water supply Markov bottle, and 7 are
Atmospheric communicating pipe, 8 be cylinder, and 9 be hydraulic stem, and 10 be platen, and 11 be evaporation simulation device, and 12 be catch net, and 13 be level of ground water
Markov bottle, 14 be venthole, and 15 be lower flange, and 16 be lower fixed ring, and 17 be silicone cylinder, and 18 be electric hydaulic bar, and 19 be soil
Earth soil moisture content sensor installation port, 20 be annulus, and 21 be upper fixed ring, and 22 be gasket, and 23 be upper flange, and 24 be spring, and 25 are
Sample tap, 26 be soil conductivity sensor installation port, and 27 be filling cylinder.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil, including bracket 1, water supply device, column casing
With groundwater level simulation mechanism, the water supply device, column casing and groundwater level simulation mechanism are fixed on bracket 1.
Water supply device includes water supply Markov bottle 6, atmospheric communicating pipe 7 and water pipe 5, one end leaching of the atmospheric communicating pipe 7
Enter in the liquid water of Markov bottle, the other end is extended in outside Markov bottle and is exposed in air, and one end of the water pipe 5 passes through
It is connected to the bottom of upper column casing 4, the other end is connected to the bottom of Markov bottle.
Column casing includes upper column casing 4, middle column casing 3 and lower column casing 2, is led between the upper column casing 4, middle column casing 3 and lower column casing 2
Cross flanged joint together, the upper column casing 4 and lower column casing 2 are transparent organic glass cylinder.
Middle column casing 3 includes silicone cylinder 17, flange, several springs 24, filling cylinder 25 and auto-telescopic mechanism, filling
Cylinder 25 is fixed on lower flange 15 when silicone cylinder 17 is loaded, and filling cylinder 25 can closely be linked in silica gel
The outer wall of cylinder 17, when 17 main body of silicone cylinder is banketed, due to needing through hydraulic stem 9 fill compaction.But
Be silicone cylinder 17 thickness generally in 1-5mm, and silicone cylinder 17 is easily deformed under stress, fixed using filling cylinder 24
In the outside of silicone cylinder 17, it can be effectively prevented barrel distortion during filling, after filling compacting of banketing, remove dress
Fill out the components such as cylinder 24, installation upper spring 24.
The lower end of silicone cylinder 17 is fixed together by being fixed on the lower fixed ring 16 of 24 lower end of spring with lower flange 15,
The upper end of silicone cylinder 17 is fixed together under the action of 24 elastic force of spring with upper flange 23 by upper fixed ring 21, silica gel cylinder
Body 17 be free to wind on annulus 20, and then change the length of silicone cylinder 17.Distinguish at the both ends of auto-telescopic mechanism
It is fixed on upper flange 23 and lower flange 15, is provided on middle column casing 3 on the middle column casing and is provided with soil moisture content sensor
Installing port 19, soil conductivity sensor installation port 26 and sample tap 25.Soil moisture content sensor installation port 19 and soil conductivity
Rate sensor installation port 26 has multiple, installs soil moisture content sensor and soil conductivity sensor according to actual needs, does not have to
The installing port for installing soil moisture content sensor and soil conductivity sensor is sealed by lid.
Gasket 22 is provided between silicone cylinder and upper flange, gasket 22 can effectively improve sealing effect.
Groundwater level simulation mechanism includes level of ground water Markov bottle 13, atmospheric communicating pipe 7 and water pipe 5, the atmosphere
One end of communicating pipe 7 is immersed in the liquid water of Markov bottle, and the other end is extended in outside Markov bottle and is exposed in air, described
By being connected to the bottom of lower column casing 2, the other end is connected to the bottom of Markov bottle for one end of water pipe 5.
The bottom of upper column casing 4 and the bottom of middle column casing 3 are provided with catch net 12, and catch net 12 can make plastic wire or nylon
Net.Since upper column casing 4 and middle column casing 3 need being dismounted for multiple times mobile during the experiment, setting catch net can be effectively prevented
Loss of banketing is caused during mobile cylinder, and then causes earth pillar that can not continue to use.The catch net is fixed on upper prop
4 bottom of cylinder and the bottom of middle column casing 3.
Venthole 14 is provided on lower column casing 2.Middle column casing 3 after changing length or earth pillar load after, earth pillar
In may have bubble, can pass through venthole 14 connect vacuum pump, remove bubble.
Imitative experimental appliance of the invention further includes cylinder 8, hydraulic stem 9 and platen 10, and the cylinder 8 and hydraulic cylinder are solid
It is scheduled on bracket 1, the platen 10 is fixed on hydraulic stem 9, and the diameter of the platen 10 is consistent with the internal diameter of column casing.Soil
Column is to need to carry out compacting operation to banketing to have prevented bubble in filling process of banketing, soil in the earth pillar filled out for people's tooling
Density has inhomogeneity, and artificial filling earth pillar is time-consuming and laborious, and uniform using the device of the invention compaction force, soil density is equal
One property is high, and speed is fast.
Imitative experimental appliance of the invention further includes evaporation simulation device 11, and the evaporation simulation device 11 is to be suspended at upper prop
Infrared lamp or incandescent lamp on the port of cylinder 4.
Auto-telescopic mechanism is electric hydaulic bar 18.Auto-telescopic mechanism main function is the accurate tune of real earth pillar height
Whole, the present invention uses electric hydaulic bar 18, can be convenient the height of the earth pillar efficiently adjusted.
A kind of experimental method of charcoal improvement red soil, using above-mentioned imitative experimental appliance, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquire soil sample: acquisition red soil soil sample, proportionally addition charcoal is spare for a part；
(2) earth pillar loads: first loading lower column casing 2, fills the sand gravel and quartz sand of different-grain diameter；By the silica gel of middle column casing 3
Cylinder 17 is adjusted in maximum height, then loads red soil；Upper column casing 4 is finally loaded, red soil and charcoal blending agent, earth pillar are filled
Column casing filling is compacted by certain bulk density by platen 10；
(3) earth pillar filled is fixed on bracket 1, then installs water supply device, groundwater level simulation mechanism and steaming
Simulator 11 etc. is sent out, and connects pipeline；
(4) soil moisture content sensor and soil conductivity sensor are mounted on column casing, then start to test；
(5) it first allows earth pillar to carry out infiltrating experiment, is then evaporated experiment, observe improvement of the charcoal to red soil；
(6) it is finished in an earth pillar height experiment, upper column casing 4 is removed and is removed, then auto-telescopic mechanism is shunk, and same
When rolled by annulus 20, make in the winding to annulus 20 of silicone cylinder 17, when silicone cylinder 17 winds setting height, automatic telescopic
Mechanism stops, and silicone cylinder 17 is fixed, and removal is extra to banket, and then installs column casing 4, carries out the reality of different red soil height
It tests.
The experiment of different red soil thickness may be implemented in experimental provision of the invention, can be risen with achievable capillary, simulation
Soil moisture content and conductivity are migrated under evaporation conditions, soil moisture content and conductivity migration etc. are real under controlling groundwater level change condition
It tests, is observed using the dynamic that the soil moisture content in red soil and biomass carbon and conductivity migration state may be implemented in the covering device,
The composite mode for being most appropriate to plant growth is moused out, as a result accurately.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil, it is characterised in that: including bracket, water supply device, column casing and ground
It is lauched water-level simulation mechanism, the water supply device, column casing and groundwater level simulation mechanism are fixed on bracket, the column
Cylinder includes upper column casing, middle column casing and lower column casing, by flanged joint one between the upper column casing, middle column casing and lower column casing
It rises, the upper column casing and lower column casing are transparent organic glass cylinder, and the middle column casing includes silicone cylinder, flange, Ruo Gangen
Spring, filling cylinder and auto-telescopic mechanism, the filling cylinder is fixed on lower flange when main body is loaded, described
The lower end of silicone cylinder be fixed together by being fixed on the lower fixed ring of lower spring end with lower flange, the silicone cylinder
Upper end be fixed together under the effect of spring force with upper flange by upper fixed ring, the silicone cylinder can be free
Wound on annulus, and then change silicone cylinder length, the both ends of the auto-telescopic mechanism are separately fixed at method
On blue and lower flange, soil moisture content sensor installation port, soil conductivity sensor installation port are provided on the middle column casing
And sample tap.
2. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the confession
Water installations include water supply Markov bottle, atmospheric communicating pipe and water pipe, and one end of the atmospheric communicating pipe is immersed in the liquid of Markov bottle
In state water, the other end is extended in outside Markov bottle and is exposed in air, and one end of the water pipe passes through the bottom with upper column casing
Connection, the other end are connected to the bottom of Markov bottle.
3. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ground
Being lauched water-level simulation mechanism includes level of ground water Markov bottle, atmospheric communicating pipe and water pipe, one end leaching of the atmospheric communicating pipe
Enter in the liquid water of Markov bottle, the other end is extended in outside Markov bottle and is exposed in air, and one end of the water pipe passes through
It is connected to the bottom of lower column casing, the other end is connected to the bottom of Markov bottle.
4. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
The bottom of upper column casing and middle column casing are provided with catch net.
5. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
Venthole is provided on lower column casing.
6. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
Measurement device further includes cylinder, hydraulic stem and platen, and the cylinder and hydraulic cylinder are fixed on bracket, and the platen is fixed
On hydraulic stem, the diameter of the platen and the internal diameter of column casing are consistent.
7. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
Measurement device further includes including evaporation simulation device, and the evaporation simulation device is the infrared lamp being suspended on the port of column casing
Or incandescent lamp.
8. a kind of imitative experimental appliance of charcoal improvement red soil according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
Auto-telescopic mechanism is electric hydaulic bar.
9. a kind of experimental method of charcoal improvement red soil, using the described in any item imitative experimental appliances of claim 1-8,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
(1) acquire soil sample: acquisition red soil soil sample, proportionally addition charcoal is spare for a part；
(2) column casing loads: first loading lower column casing, lower column casing is set as 20cm, fills the sand gravel and quartz sand of different-grain diameter；Will in
Then the silicone cylinder setting of column casing loads laterite red soil in maximum height；Then upper column casing is loaded, red soil is filled and charcoal is mixed
Close medium；Column casing filling is compacted by certain bulk density by platen；
(3) column casing filled is fixed on bracket, then installs water supply device, groundwater level simulation mechanism and evaporation simulation
Device etc., and connect pipeline；
(4) soil moisture content sensor and soil conductivity sensor are mounted on column casing, then start to test；
(5) it first allows column casing to carry out infiltrating experiment, is then evaporated experiment, observe improvement of the charcoal to red soil；
(6) it is finished in a height experiment, upper column casing is removed and is removed, then auto-telescopic mechanism is shunk, and passes through circle simultaneously
Ring rolls, and winds silicone cylinder on upper annulus, and when silicone cylinder to setting height, auto-telescopic mechanism stops, then by silicon
Packing element body removes extra column casing, then installs column casing, carries out the experiment of different red soil height.
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