CN109679242A - 一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109679242A
CN109679242A CN201811651404.1A CN201811651404A CN109679242A CN 109679242 A CN109679242 A CN 109679242A CN 201811651404 A CN201811651404 A CN 201811651404A CN 109679242 A CN109679242 A CN 109679242A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:环氧丙烷3‑4、改性胶粉17‑20、苯乙烯180‑200、引发剂3‑4、壬二酸二辛酯3‑5、ac发泡剂10‑13、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺0.1‑0.2,本发明的建筑保温板回弹性好,综合性能优越。

Description

一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域,具体涉及一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
发泡聚苯乙烯树脂的用途非常广泛,由于其具有高强度、质量轻、极佳的保温绝热性能和高吸收能量能力,可以用作各种仪表、贵重物品、精密仪器、蔬 菜水果和水产品等的包装材料;而因为其具有热传导率低、吸水性小、电绝缘性好、隔音、防潮以及成型工艺简单等优良特性,而被广泛应用在道路桥梁的路基铺设和房屋建筑以及渔业捕捞和冷藏行业的保温材料等方面。其中,作为一种优良的建筑材料,发泡聚苯乙烯树脂主要用于建筑物的屋面和墙体,其作为外保温复合墙体具有十分良好的节能效果;而作为保温屋面适用于住宅、工厂、平式和柏油屋面,可以起到隔音、挡水蒸汽、密封和保温隔热等作用;
然而,市售的聚苯乙烯原料较为单一,加入的无机填料与聚苯乙烯基体的相容性差,成品板材的力学稳定性差,而聚苯乙烯由于发泡,容易造成抗冲击强度低,板材容易破裂等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
环氧丙烷3-4、改性胶粉17-20、苯乙烯180-200、引发剂3-4、壬二酸二辛酯3-5、ac发泡剂10-13、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺0.1-0.2。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述改性胶粉是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
废旧橡胶粉20-30、硬脂酸6-9、钙沸石粉5-7、十二烷基伯胺5-7、苯骈三氮唑0.1-0.3。
所述改性胶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取苯骈三氮唑,加入到其重量7-10倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入十二烷基伯胺,升高温度为76-80℃,保温搅拌30-40分钟,加入废旧橡胶粉,搅拌至常温,得预处理胶粉溶液;
(2)取硬脂酸、钙沸石粉混合,送入到烧结炉中,在270-300℃下保温1-2小时,出料冷却,加入到上述预处理胶粉溶液中,在65-70℃下保温搅拌3-4小时,蒸馏除去乙醇,即得所述改性胶粉。
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量30-40倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂溶液;
(2)取环氧丙烷,加入到其重量70-85倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入苯乙烯,升高温度为50-55℃,保温搅拌1-2小时,得环氧分散液;
(3)取改性胶粉,加入到上述环氧分散液中,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,加入三甲基羟乙基乙二胺,升高温度为150-170℃,保温搅拌100-120分钟,降低温度为60-65℃,加入上述引发剂溶液,保温搅拌3-5小时,出料,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,80-90℃下干燥1-2小时,冷却,得改性聚苯乙烯;
(4)取上述改性聚苯乙烯,与ac发泡剂、壬二酸二辛酯混合,搅拌均匀,送入到发泡机中,在0.3-0.4Mpa、140-150℃下蒸汽加热1-2小时,出料,室温冷却,即得所述发泡抗冲击建筑保温板。
本发明的优点:
本发明首先采用十二烷基伯胺处理废旧橡胶粉,在处理的过程中加入苯骈三氮唑,有效的提高了橡胶粉的抗老化性能,之后采用硬脂酸活化钙沸石粉,与上述预处理胶粉溶液共混,通过伯胺与硬脂酸的反应,进一步改善了沸石粉的表面活性,提高了钙沸石粉与橡胶粉间的分散相容性,本发明首先采用环氧丙烷改性苯乙烯单体,然后与改性胶粉共混,以三甲基羟乙基乙二胺为催化剂,促进环氧交联,之后在引发剂作用下聚合,得到胶粉改性聚苯乙烯,从而提高了成品材料的力学强度和抗冲击性能,本发明的建筑保温板回弹性好,综合性能优越。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
环氧丙烷3、改性胶粉17、苯乙烯180、引发剂3、壬二酸二辛酯3、ac发泡剂10、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺0.1。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述改性胶粉是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
废旧橡胶粉20、硬脂酸6、钙沸石粉5、十二烷基伯胺5、苯骈三氮唑0.1。
所述改性胶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取苯骈三氮唑,加入到其重量7倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入十二烷基伯胺,升高温度为76℃,保温搅拌30分钟,加入废旧橡胶粉,搅拌至常温,得预处理胶粉溶液;
(2)取硬脂酸、钙沸石粉混合,送入到烧结炉中,在270℃下保温1小时,出料冷却,加入到上述预处理胶粉溶液中,在65℃下保温搅拌3小时,蒸馏除去乙醇,即得所述改性胶粉。
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量30倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂溶液;
(2)取环氧丙烷,加入到其重量70倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入苯乙烯,升高温度为50℃,保温搅拌1小时,得环氧分散液;
(3)取改性胶粉,加入到上述环氧分散液中,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,加入三甲基羟乙基乙二胺,升高温度为150℃,保温搅拌100分钟,降低温度为60℃,加入上述引发剂溶液,保温搅拌3小时,出料,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,80℃下干燥1小时,冷却,得改性聚苯乙烯;
(4)取上述改性聚苯乙烯,与ac发泡剂、壬二酸二辛酯混合,搅拌均匀,送入到发泡机中,在0.3Mpa、140℃下蒸汽加热1小时,出料,室温冷却,即得所述发泡抗冲击建筑保温板。
实施例2
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
环氧丙烷4、改性胶粉20、苯乙烯200、引发剂4、壬二酸二辛酯5、ac发泡剂13、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺0.2。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述改性胶粉是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
废旧橡胶粉30、硬脂酸9、钙沸石粉7、十二烷基伯胺7、苯骈三氮唑0.3。
所述改性胶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取苯骈三氮唑,加入到其重量10倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入十二烷基伯胺,升高温度为80℃,保温搅拌40分钟,加入废旧橡胶粉,搅拌至常温,得预处理胶粉溶液;
(2)取硬脂酸、钙沸石粉混合,送入到烧结炉中,在300℃下保温2小时,出料冷却,加入到上述预处理胶粉溶液中,在70℃下保温搅拌4小时,蒸馏除去乙醇,即得所述改性胶粉。
一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量40倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂溶液;
(2)取环氧丙烷,加入到其重量85倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入苯乙烯,升高温度为55℃,保温搅拌2小时,得环氧分散液;
(3)取改性胶粉,加入到上述环氧分散液中,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,加入三甲基羟乙基乙二胺,升高温度为170℃,保温搅拌120分钟,降低温度为65℃,加入上述引发剂溶液,保温搅拌5小时,出料,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,90℃下干燥2小时,冷却,得改性聚苯乙烯;
(4)取上述改性聚苯乙烯,与ac发泡剂、壬二酸二辛酯混合,搅拌均匀,送入到发泡机中,在0.4Mpa、150℃下蒸汽加热2小时,出料,室温冷却,即得所述发泡抗冲击建筑保温板。
性能测试:
本发明实施例1的发泡抗冲击建筑保温板:
拉伸强度(MPa):15.5;
断裂伸长率(%):83;
简支梁缺口冲击强度(J/m2):24.8;
本发明实施例2的发泡抗冲击建筑保温板:
拉伸强度(MPa):16.3;
断裂伸长率(%):85;
简支梁缺口冲击强度(J/m2):25.3;
市售发泡聚苯乙烯保温材料的拉伸强度≤10 Mpa、断裂伸长率≤50%、简支梁缺口冲击强度≤15J/m2

Claims (5)

1.一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,其特征在于,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
环氧丙烷3-4、改性胶粉17-20、苯乙烯180-200、引发剂3-4、壬二酸二辛酯3-5、ac发泡剂10-13、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺0.1-0.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述改性胶粉是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
废旧橡胶粉20-30、硬脂酸6-9、钙沸石粉5-7、十二烷基伯胺5-7、苯骈三氮唑0.1-0.3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种发泡抗冲击建筑保温板,其特征在于,所述改性胶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取苯骈三氮唑,加入到其重量7-10倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入十二烷基伯胺,升高温度为76-80℃,保温搅拌30-40分钟,加入废旧橡胶粉,搅拌至常温,得预处理胶粉溶液;
(2)取硬脂酸、钙沸石粉混合,送入到烧结炉中,在270-300℃下保温1-2小时,出料冷却,加入到上述预处理胶粉溶液中,在65-70℃下保温搅拌3-4小时,蒸馏除去乙醇,即得所述改性胶粉。
5.一种如权利要求1所述发泡抗冲击建筑保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量30-40倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂溶液;
(2)取环氧丙烷,加入到其重量70-85倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入苯乙烯,升高温度为50-55℃,保温搅拌1-2小时,得环氧分散液;
(3)取改性胶粉,加入到上述环氧分散液中,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,加入三甲基羟乙基乙二胺,升高温度为150-170℃,保温搅拌100-120分钟,降低温度为60-65℃,加入上述引发剂溶液,保温搅拌3-5小时,出料,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,80-90℃下干燥1-2小时,冷却,得改性聚苯乙烯;
(4)取上述改性聚苯乙烯,与ac发泡剂、壬二酸二辛酯混合,搅拌均匀,送入到发泡机中,在0.3-0.4Mpa、140-150℃下蒸汽加热1-2小时,出料,室温冷却,即得所述发泡抗冲击建筑保温板。
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