CN109678271B - Sewage treatment device and system with floater collection function - Google Patents
Sewage treatment device and system with floater collection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109678271B CN109678271B CN201910146969.2A CN201910146969A CN109678271B CN 109678271 B CN109678271 B CN 109678271B CN 201910146969 A CN201910146969 A CN 201910146969A CN 109678271 B CN109678271 B CN 109678271B
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 345
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 326
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- -1 floating matters Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses a sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment system with a floating object collecting function, wherein the sewage treatment device comprises a solid-liquid separation chamber and a gas-liquid separation chamber, a diaphragm body is arranged at the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber, a diaphragm bulge is arranged at the bottom of the diaphragm body, and the solid-liquid separation chamber is provided with a feed conveying pipe, a slag discharging pipe and a floating object collecting pipe; the device also comprises a countercurrent pipe and a gas conveying pipe, wherein the inlet end of the countercurrent pipe extends into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber, and the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber; two ends of the gas conveying pipe are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber and the gas-liquid separation chamber, and the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with a liquid discharge pipe and an exhaust pipe. The invention can realize the solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage, and the separated sediment, floating matters, supernatant fluid and gas can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage treatment device and system with a floater collecting function.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the protection consciousness of people on environmental resources is stronger and stronger, a large amount of sewage can be generated in the life of people, a large amount of organic matters and floaters are contained in the sewage, and the discharge of the sewage can not only cause the waste of water resources, but also cause great pressure on the environment. In order to solve the problem, people purify sewage into usable water for reuse, collect floaters and then intensively treat the floaters so as to reduce the waste of water resources and reduce the environmental pressure.
The traditional sewage treatment device utilizes the mobile liquid level floating plate to concentrate the pump of floater to the discharge port and concentrate the discharge, and the device can not accomplish in airtight space, and the foul smell that sewage fermentation produced is revealed easily and is caused environmental pollution, and the device is not thoroughly to the clearance of floater moreover, still needs to consume power, and is energy-concerving and environment-protective inadequately.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment system with a floating object collecting function, which can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage, and the separated sediment, floating objects, supernatant and gas can be recycled.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the sewage treatment device with the floating object collecting function comprises a solid-liquid separation chamber and a gas-liquid separation chamber, wherein a diaphragm body is arranged at the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber, a diaphragm bulge is arranged at the bottom of the diaphragm body, and the solid-liquid separation chamber is provided with a feed conveying pipe, a slag discharging pipe and a floating object collecting pipe; the device also comprises a countercurrent pipe and a gas conveying pipe, wherein the inlet end of the countercurrent pipe extends into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber, and the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber; the two ends of the gas conveying pipe are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber and the gas-liquid separation chamber, the height of the outlet end of the gas conveying pipe is higher than that of the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe, and the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with a liquid discharge pipe and an exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the gas delivery pipe is mounted on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation chamber.
Preferably, the diaphragm bulge is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure, a floating material inflow hole is formed in the diaphragm bulge, and the inlet end of the floating material collecting pipe is communicated with the inside of the diaphragm bulge.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: the sewage treatment device with the floater collecting function comprises a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers which are sequentially communicated, wherein each solid-liquid separation chamber is connected with a gas-liquid separation chamber through a gas conveying pipe, and the gas-liquid separation chambers are sequentially communicated; every solid-liquid separation room top all is equipped with the diaphragm body, diaphragm body bottom is equipped with the diaphragm arch, and every solid-liquid separation room all is equipped with scum pipe and floater collecting pipe, and is located the solid-liquid separation room of head and be equipped with the feeding conveyer pipe, and the solid-liquid separation room that is located the afterbody is equipped with the reverse flow pipe, the entry end of reverse flow pipe stretches into the solid-liquid separation room middle part that is located the afterbody, the exit end of reverse flow pipe and the gas-liquid separation room intercommunication that is located the head, and the exit end height of reverse flow pipe is less than the exit end height of gas conveyer pipe, and the gas-liquid separation room that is located the afterbody is equipped with fluid-discharge tube and blast pipe.
Preferably, a first drainage tube is arranged between two adjacent solid-liquid separation chambers, the height of the inlet end of the first drainage tube is higher than that of the outlet end, and the inlet end of the first drainage tube extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber.
Preferably, the inlet ends of the plurality of first draft tubes gradually increase in height along the sewage flow direction.
Preferably, a second drainage tube and a ventilation tube are arranged between two adjacent gas-liquid separation chambers, and the height of the outlet end of the second drainage tube is higher than that of the inlet end.
Preferably, the gas delivery pipe is mounted on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation chamber.
Preferably, the diaphragm bulge is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a sewage treatment system with a floater collecting function is formed by combining a plurality of sewage treatment devices with the floater collecting function.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a sewage treatment device with a floating object collecting function, which does not need power, can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage, and can recycle separated sediment, floating objects, supernatant and gas to realize harmless treatment and discharge of sewage.
2. The invention provides a sewage treatment device with a floater collecting function, which does not need power, can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage through a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers and gas-liquid separation chambers, can recycle separated sediment, floaters, supernatant and gas, realizes harmless treatment and discharge of sewage, and has the advantages of low sewage treatment cost, simple equipment maintenance, good sewage treatment effect and high sewage treatment efficiency.
3. The invention provides a sewage treatment system with a floating object collecting function, which is formed by combining a plurality of sewage treatment devices, has small occupied area and large sewage treatment capacity, and can carry out centralized treatment on sewage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a gas delivery pipe is installed on the outer wall of a closed vessel in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a first structure in which a gas-carrying pipe is installed inside a closed container in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a second structure in which a gas-carrying pipe is installed inside a closed container in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a third structure in which a gas-carrying pipe is installed inside a closed container in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a closed container; 2-a solid-liquid separation chamber; 3-a gas-liquid separation chamber; 4-a separator body; 5-diaphragm projections; 6-a feeding conveying pipe; 7-a slag discharging pipe; 8-a float collection tube; 9-a reverse flow tube; 10-a gas delivery tube; 11-a liquid discharge pipe; 12-exhaust pipe; 13-a first drainage tube; 14-a second drainage tube; 15-a vent pipe; 16-float inflow hole.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally put in use of the product of the present invention as understood by those skilled in the art, merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for understanding as indicating or implying a relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a sewage treatment device with floater collection function, including closed container 1, closed container 1 can be circular, square or dysmorphism, and closed container 1 can use steel sheet, reinforced concrete, brick mixing or plastics etc. to make, and closed container 1's size can be designed according to actual need to satisfy the demand in each field.
The closed container 1 is internally provided with a solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is arranged above the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a diaphragm body 4, the diaphragm body 4 divides the inner part of the closed container 1 into two parts, the upper part is provided with a gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the lower part is provided with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the diaphragm body 4 presses floaters in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 into sewage for hatching and fermentation. Of course, the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 may be provided as two separate tank structures.
The bottom of the diaphragm body 4 is provided with a diaphragm bulge 5, and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a feeding conveying pipe 6, a slag discharging pipe 7 and a floating matter collecting pipe 8. The sewage is conveyed into the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 through the feeding conveying pipe 6, sediment in the sewage is deposited at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and floating matters in the sewage float to the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, so that the sewage in the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 contains less solid matters. The slag discharging pipe 7 is arranged at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the sediment at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is discharged through the slag discharging pipe 7, so that the discharged sediment can be used for manufacturing agricultural fertilizers, and the recycling of waste materials is realized. The floats in the sewage automatically gather around the diaphragm boss 5, the floats are discharged through the float collecting pipe 8, and the discharged floats such as plant straws can be used for anaerobic fermentation treatment in sewage treatment.
The device also comprises a countercurrent pipe 9 and a gas conveying pipe 10, wherein the inlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9 extends into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9 is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. The sewage is continuously conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 through the feeding conveying pipe 6, the water pressure of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is increased, negative pressure is formed in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and as the inlet end of the reverse flow pipe 9 stretches into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, the reverse flow pipe 9 can convey the sewage in the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the sediment in the sewage automatically descends, the floating materials in the sewage automatically float upwards, and the clear liquid in the middle enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for further treatment, so that the solid-liquid separation can be realized without power.
The two ends of the gas conveying pipe 10 are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and the height of the outlet end of the gas conveying pipe 10 is higher than that of the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9. The gas delivery pipe 10 can be installed inside the closed container 1, preferably, the gas delivery pipe 10 is U-shaped, and the gas delivery pipe 10 is installed on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and because the sewage fermentation inside the closed container 1 can produce odor, the installation and maintenance safety of the gas delivery pipe 10 can be improved by installing the gas delivery pipe 10 on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and meanwhile, the installation and maintenance of the gas delivery pipe 10 are more convenient. The membrane body 4 presses the floaters in the sewage into the sewage for hatching and fermentation, and the generated gas is conveyed to the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas conveying pipe 10.
The gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 11 and an exhaust pipe 12. Valves are arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 11 and the exhaust pipe 12, and the sewage is separated into gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the sewage in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is precipitated, the supernatant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 11, and the supernatant obtained after treatment is odorless and suspended matters-free, can be used for plant irrigation and the like, does not harm tender seedlings and does not rot roots. A discharge pipe may be provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for discharging a small amount of precipitate precipitated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the gas is collected in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12 and can be used for power generation, smelting and the like. The sewage treatment device can be fixed or movable after being built, and can be used for centralized treatment or decentralized treatment of sewage.
The floaters in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 float upwards under the action of buoyancy and are automatically blocked under the diaphragm body 4 to be soaked in sewage for anaerobic fermentation, and solid matters generated by fermentation fall to the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 under the action of gravity and are discharged through the slag discharge pipe 7. The gas generated by fermentation enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas delivery pipe 10 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12. The floats in the sewage are automatically collected around the diaphragm boss 5, and discharged through the float collecting pipe 8.
The sewage treatment device disclosed by the invention does not need power, can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage, and the separated sediment, floaters, supernatant and gas can be recycled, so that harmless treatment and discharge of sewage are realized. The invention can stop odor secondary pollution sources, has low sewage treatment cost, simple equipment maintenance and good sewage treatment effect. The sewage treatment device can be used in various fields of solid-liquid-gas-liquid separation, such as cultivation sewage, domestic sewage, food processing sewage, sporadic sewage, kitchen waste sewage, domestic waste sewage treatment and the like.
In this embodiment, the diaphragm protuberance 5 has a hollow semi-cylindrical structure. The floats are automatically gathered on the two sides of the diaphragm boss 5 and discharged through the float collecting pipe 8, so that the collecting cost and difficulty of the floats are greatly reduced. The countercurrent pipe 9 is arranged at the bottom of the diaphragm bulge 5, and two ends of the countercurrent pipe 9 are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3.
In this embodiment, the inlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends to the top of the closed container 1, and the outlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The feeding conveying pipe 6 has a certain length, and can reduce the load of an external water pump by utilizing the self gravity of sewage. The closed container 1 is provided with a heating cavity which can be arranged in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 or the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and a heating device is arranged in the heating cavity, and sewage in the closed container 1 is heated by the heating device, so that the sewage is hatched and fermented at a certain temperature.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment provides a sewage treatment device with floater collection function, including closed container 1, closed container 1 can be circular, square or dysmorphism, and closed container 1 can use steel sheet, reinforced concrete, brick mixing or plastics etc. to make, and closed container 1's size can be designed according to actual need to satisfy the demand in each field.
The closed container 1 is internally provided with a solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is arranged above the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a diaphragm body 4, the diaphragm body 4 divides the inner part of the closed container 1 into two parts, the upper part is provided with a gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the lower part is provided with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the diaphragm body 4 presses floaters in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 into sewage for hatching and fermentation. Of course, the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 may be provided as two separate tank structures.
The bottom of the diaphragm body 4 is provided with a diaphragm bulge 5, and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a feeding conveying pipe 6, a slag discharging pipe 7 and a floating matter collecting pipe 8. The sewage is conveyed into the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 through the feeding conveying pipe 6, sediment in the sewage is deposited at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and floating matters in the sewage float to the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, so that the sewage in the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 contains less solid matters. The slag discharging pipe 7 is arranged at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the sediment at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is discharged through the slag discharging pipe 7, so that the discharged sediment can be used for manufacturing agricultural fertilizers, and the recycling of waste materials is realized. The floats in the sewage automatically gather around the diaphragm boss 5, the floats are discharged through the float collecting pipe 8, and the discharged floats such as plant straws can be used for anaerobic fermentation treatment in sewage treatment.
The device also comprises a countercurrent pipe 9 and a gas conveying pipe 10, wherein the inlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9 extends into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9 is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. The sewage is continuously conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 through the feeding conveying pipe 6, the water pressure of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is increased, negative pressure is formed in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and as the inlet end of the reverse flow pipe 9 stretches into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, the reverse flow pipe 9 can convey the sewage in the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the sediment in the sewage automatically descends, the floating materials in the sewage automatically float upwards, and the clear liquid in the middle enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for further treatment, so that the solid-liquid separation can be realized without power.
The two ends of the gas conveying pipe 10 are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and the height of the outlet end of the gas conveying pipe 10 is higher than that of the outlet end of the countercurrent pipe 9. The gas delivery pipe 10 can be installed inside the closed container 1, preferably, the gas delivery pipe 10 is U-shaped, and the gas delivery pipe 10 is installed on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and because the sewage fermentation inside the closed container 1 can produce odor, the installation and maintenance safety of the gas delivery pipe 10 can be improved by installing the gas delivery pipe 10 on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and meanwhile, the installation and maintenance of the gas delivery pipe 10 are more convenient. The membrane body 4 presses the floaters in the sewage into the sewage for hatching and fermentation, and the generated gas is conveyed to the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas conveying pipe 10.
The gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 11 and an exhaust pipe 12. Valves are arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 11 and the exhaust pipe 12, and the sewage is separated into gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the sewage in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is precipitated, the supernatant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 11, and the supernatant obtained after treatment is odorless and suspended matters-free, can be used for plant irrigation and the like, does not harm tender seedlings and does not rot roots. A discharge pipe may be provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for discharging a small amount of precipitate precipitated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the gas is collected in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12 and can be used for power generation, smelting and the like. The sewage treatment device can be fixed or movable after being built, and can be used for centralized treatment or decentralized treatment of sewage.
The floaters in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 float upwards under the action of buoyancy and are automatically blocked under the diaphragm body 4 to be soaked in sewage for anaerobic fermentation, and solid matters generated by fermentation fall to the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 under the action of gravity and are discharged through the slag discharge pipe 7. The gas generated by fermentation enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas delivery pipe 10 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12. The floats in the sewage are automatically collected around the diaphragm boss 5, and discharged through the float collecting pipe 8.
The sewage treatment device disclosed by the invention does not need power, can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage, and the separated sediment, floaters, supernatant and gas can be recycled, so that harmless treatment and discharge of sewage are realized. The invention can stop odor secondary pollution sources, has low sewage treatment cost, simple equipment maintenance and good sewage treatment effect. The sewage treatment device can be used in various fields of solid-liquid-gas-liquid separation, such as cultivation sewage, domestic sewage, food processing sewage, sporadic sewage, kitchen waste sewage, domestic waste sewage treatment and the like.
In this embodiment, the membrane protrusion 5 has a hollow semi-cylindrical structure, a floating material inflow hole 16 is formed in the membrane protrusion 5, and an inlet end of the floating material collecting pipe 8 is communicated with the inside of the membrane protrusion 5. The floater is at first automatic gathering in the both sides of diaphragm arch 5, and inside entering diaphragm arch 5 through floater inflow hole 16, the rethread floater collecting pipe 8 discharges, greatly reduced the collection cost and the collection degree of difficulty of floater. One end of the countercurrent pipe 9 passes through the diaphragm bulge 5 and then is communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the other end of the countercurrent pipe 9 passes through the diaphragm body 4 and then is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber 3.
In this embodiment, the inlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends to the top of the closed container 1, and the outlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The feeding conveying pipe 6 has a certain length, and can reduce the load of an external water pump by utilizing the self gravity of sewage. The closed container 1 is provided with a heating cavity which can be arranged in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 or the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and a heating device is arranged in the heating cavity, and sewage in the closed container 1 is heated by the heating device, so that the sewage is hatched and fermented at a certain temperature.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the present embodiment provides a sewage treatment device with a function of collecting floats, which includes a closed container 1, the closed container 1 may be circular, square or shaped, the closed container 1 may be made of steel plate, reinforced concrete, brick concrete or plastic, and the size of the closed container 1 may be designed according to actual needs to meet the needs of various fields.
The closed container 1 is internally provided with a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 which are sequentially communicated, each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is connected with a gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through a gas conveying pipe 10, each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is sequentially communicated, and the gas of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 can be conveyed into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas conveying pipe 10. All the solid-liquid separation chambers 2 and the gas-liquid separation chambers 3 are arranged in the closed container 1, and the gas-liquid separation chambers 3 are arranged above the solid-liquid separation chambers 2. Of course, each of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 may be provided as a separate tank structure.
The plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 comprise a solid-liquid separation chamber 2 positioned at the head part, a solid-liquid separation chamber 2 positioned in the middle and a solid-liquid separation chamber 2 positioned at the tail part, wherein the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the head part is communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle, and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle is communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part. The plurality of gas-liquid separation chambers 3 comprise a gas-liquid separation chamber 3 positioned at the head part, a gas-liquid separation chamber 3 positioned in the middle and a gas-liquid separation chamber 3 positioned at the tail part, wherein the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the middle, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the middle is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part. The gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part is arranged above the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the head part, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part is arranged above the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part.
The top of each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a diaphragm body 4, the bottom of the diaphragm body 4 is provided with a diaphragm bulge 5, and the diaphragm body 4 presses floaters in the solid-liquid separation chambers 2 into sewage for hatching and fermentation. Every solid-liquid separation room 2 all is equipped with scum pipe 7 and floater collecting pipe 8, and is located the solid-liquid separation room 2 of head and is equipped with feeding conveyer pipe 6, and the solid-liquid separation room 2 that is located the afterbody is equipped with reverse flow pipe 9, the entry end of reverse flow pipe 9 stretches into the solid-liquid separation room 2 middle part that is located the afterbody, and the exit end of reverse flow pipe 9 communicates with the gas-liquid separation room 3 that is located the head, and the exit end height of reverse flow pipe 9 is less than the exit end height of gas conveyer pipe 10, and the gas-liquid separation room 3 that is located the afterbody is equipped with fluid-discharge pipe 11 and blast pipe 12.
The sewage is conveyed into the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head through the feeding conveying pipe 6, after the sewage in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head reaches a certain amount, the sewage pressure in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head is increased, negative pressure is formed in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail, the sewage is conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle, and after the sewage in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle reaches a certain amount, the sewage is conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail. In each solid-liquid separation chamber 2, sediment in the sewage is deposited at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and floating matters in the sewage float up to the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, so that the sewage in the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 contains less solid matters. The plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 treat sewage in sequence, and the content of solid substances in the sewage in each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is gradually reduced.
Because the inlet end of the reverse flow pipe 9 stretches into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part, the reverse flow pipe 9 can convey sewage at the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part, and after the sewage in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part is treated by a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2, the sewage becomes clear, and the solid-liquid separation can be realized without power. The slag discharging pipe 7 is arranged at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the sediment at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is discharged through the slag discharging pipe 7, so that the discharged sediment can be used for manufacturing agricultural fertilizers, and the recycling of waste materials is realized. The floats in the sewage automatically gather around the diaphragm boss 5, the floats are discharged through the float collecting pipe 8, and the discharged floats such as plant straws can be used for anaerobic fermentation treatment in sewage treatment.
After sewage enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head, the sewage sequentially enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the middle and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail, precipitation treatment is carried out in each gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and finally, the supernatant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 11, and after the precipitation treatment of a plurality of gas-liquid separation chambers 3, the obtained supernatant is odorless and free of floaters, can be used for plant irrigation and the like, and does not harm tender seedlings and rotten rootstocks. A discharge pipe may be provided at the bottom of each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for discharging a small amount of precipitate precipitated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the gas is collected in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12 and can be used for power generation, smelting and the like. The sewage treatment device can be fixed or movable after being built, and can be used for centralized treatment or decentralized treatment of sewage.
In this embodiment, a first drainage tube 13 is disposed between two adjacent solid-liquid separation chambers 2, and the height of the inlet end of the first drainage tube 13 is higher than the height of the outlet end, specifically, the inlet end of the first drainage tube 13 extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The sewage in the middle of each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 contains fewer sediment, the inlet end of the first drainage tube 13 stretches into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and the sewage sequentially passes through the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the head, the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail, so that the sediment contained in the sewage is gradually reduced, and the sediment contained in the sewage entering the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 can be reduced.
Preferably, the first draft tube 13 is mounted on the outer wall of the closed vessel 1, although the first draft tube 13 may be mounted inside the closed vessel 1. The gas delivery pipe 10 is U-shaped, the gas delivery pipe 10 is arranged on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and the gas delivery pipe 10 can be arranged inside the closed container 1. Since the sewage fermentation inside the closed container 1 can generate odor, the installation and maintenance safety of the first drainage tube 13 and the gas conveying tube 10 can be improved by installing the first drainage tube 13 and the gas conveying tube 10 on the outer wall of the closed container 1, and the installation and maintenance of the first drainage tube 13 and the gas conveying tube 10 are more convenient.
In the present embodiment, the inlet end height of the plurality of first draft tubes 13 gradually increases along the sewage flow direction. When sewage flows through each solid-liquid separation chamber 2, the neutralizing floaters of the sewage can be fully removed, so that the sewage is treated more efficiently and thoroughly.
In the present embodiment, a second draft tube 14 and a draft tube 15 are provided between two adjacent gas-liquid separation chambers 3, and the outlet end of the second draft tube 14 is higher than the inlet end. The gas in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the middle and the head is collected into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail through each breather pipe 15, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12 for power generation, smelting and the like.
Since the height of the outlet end of the second drainage tube 14 is higher than that of the inlet end, after a certain amount of sewage is accumulated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head, the sewage can enter the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the middle part through the second drainage tube 14, and after a certain amount of sewage is accumulated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the middle part, the sewage can enter the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part through the second drainage tube 14, so that the sediment in each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 can be gradually reduced. After the sewage in each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is subjected to precipitation treatment, the supernatant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part is discharged through a liquid discharge pipe 11, and the supernatant obtained after treatment is odorless and suspended matters-free, can be used for plant irrigation and the like, does not harm tender seedlings and does not rot roots.
Preferably, the inlet end of the second draft tube 14 extends into the middle of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the sewage in each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is precipitated, the supernatant enters the next gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the second drainage tube 14, so that the sediment in the sewage is effectively reduced.
The first drainage tube 13 can be U-shaped or L-shaped, so that the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle part and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part form negative pressure, and sediment in sewage is fully precipitated. The sewage in the middle part area in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the head part is guided to the negative pressure area at the lower layer in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the middle part through the first drainage pipes 13 to realize the sinking of solid matters, so that the sewage in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the head part is conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail part through the plurality of first drainage pipes 13 to realize solid-liquid separation.
The second drainage tube 14 can be U-shaped or L-shaped, so that the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the middle and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail form negative pressure, sediment in sewage is fully precipitated, and the sewage treatment efficiency is improved. The sewage of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part is conveyed to the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part through a plurality of second drainage pipes 14, the gas in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 rises to the top of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, the gas enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part through the ventilation pipe 15, gas-liquid separation is realized, odorless sewage of the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head part is discharged through the liquid outlet, and the odorless sewage is used for recycling agricultural fertilizers, so that zero emission and zero pollution are realized. The gas exhausted through the exhaust pipe 12 can be collected for power generation, fuel or combustion to realize resource recycling, so that no secondary pollution source is discharged.
In this embodiment, the inlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends to the top of the closed container 1, and the outlet end of the feed conveying pipe 6 extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2. The feeding conveying pipe 6 has a certain length, and can reduce the load of an external water pump by utilizing the self gravity of sewage. The closed container 1 is provided with a heating cavity which can be arranged in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 or the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and a heating device is arranged in the heating cavity, and sewage in the closed container 1 is heated by the heating device, so that the sewage is hatched and fermented at a certain temperature.
In this embodiment, the diaphragm protuberance 5 has a hollow semi-cylindrical structure. The floats are automatically gathered on the two sides of the diaphragm boss 5 and discharged through the float collecting pipe 8, so that the collecting cost and difficulty of the floats are greatly reduced. The countercurrent pipe 9 is arranged at the bottom of the diaphragm bulge 5, and two ends of the countercurrent pipe 9 are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3.
The floaters in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 float upwards under the action of buoyancy and are automatically blocked under the diaphragm body 4 to be soaked in sewage for anaerobic fermentation, and solid matters generated by fermentation fall to the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 under the action of gravity and are discharged through the slag discharge pipe 7. The gas generated by fermentation enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas delivery pipe 10 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12. The floats in the sewage are automatically collected around the diaphragm boss 5, and discharged through the float collecting pipe 8.
The sewage treatment device disclosed by the invention does not need power, can realize solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of sewage through the plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and can recycle separated sediment, floaters, supernatant and gas so as to realize harmless treatment and discharge of sewage. The invention can stop odor secondary pollution sources, has low sewage treatment cost, simple equipment maintenance and good sewage treatment effect. The sewage treatment device can be used in various fields of solid-liquid-gas-liquid separation, such as cultivation sewage, domestic sewage, food processing sewage, sporadic sewage, kitchen waste sewage, domestic waste sewage treatment and the like.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a sewage treatment system having a float collecting function, which is composed of a plurality of sewage treatment devices that are combined to surround each other or are stacked together. The sewage treatment device comprises a closed container 1, wherein a plurality of sequentially communicated solid-liquid separation chambers 2 are arranged in the closed container 1, each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is connected with a gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through a gas conveying pipe 10, each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 is sequentially communicated, and the gas of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 can be conveyed into the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 through the gas conveying pipe 10. All the solid-liquid separation chambers 2 and the gas-liquid separation chambers 3 are arranged in the closed container 1, and the gas-liquid separation chambers 3 are arranged above the solid-liquid separation chambers 2. Of course, each of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 may be provided as a separate tank structure.
The top of each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is provided with a diaphragm body 4, the bottom of the diaphragm body 4 is provided with a diaphragm bulge 5, and the diaphragm body 4 presses floaters in the solid-liquid separation chambers 2 into sewage for hatching and fermentation. Every solid-liquid separation room 2 all is equipped with scum pipe 7 and floater collecting pipe 8, and is located the solid-liquid separation room 2 of head and is equipped with feeding conveyer pipe 6, and the solid-liquid separation room 2 that is located the afterbody is equipped with reverse flow pipe 9, the entry end of reverse flow pipe 9 stretches into the solid-liquid separation room 2 middle part that is located the afterbody, and the exit end of reverse flow pipe 9 communicates with the gas-liquid separation room 3 that is located the head, and the exit end height of reverse flow pipe 9 is less than the exit end height of gas conveyer pipe 10, and the gas-liquid separation room 3 that is located the afterbody is equipped with fluid-discharge pipe 11 and blast pipe 12.
The sewage is conveyed into the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head through the feeding conveying pipe 6, after the sewage in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head reaches a certain amount, the sewage pressure in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 of the head is increased, negative pressure is formed in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle and the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail, the sewage is conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle, and after the sewage in the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 in the middle reaches a certain amount, the sewage is conveyed to the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 at the tail. In each solid-liquid separation chamber 2, sediment in the sewage is deposited at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, and floating matters in the sewage float up to the top of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2, so that the sewage in the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber 2 contains less solid matters. The plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 treat sewage in sequence, and the content of solid substances in the sewage in each solid-liquid separation chamber 2 is gradually reduced.
After sewage enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the head, the sewage sequentially enters the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the middle and the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail, precipitation treatment is carried out in each gas-liquid separation chamber 3, and finally, the supernatant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 11, and after the precipitation treatment of a plurality of gas-liquid separation chambers 3, the obtained supernatant is odorless and free of floaters, can be used for plant irrigation and the like, and does not harm tender seedlings and rotten rootstocks. A discharge pipe may be provided at the bottom of each gas-liquid separation chamber 3 for discharging a small amount of precipitate precipitated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3. After the gas is collected in the gas-liquid separation chamber 3 at the tail part, the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 12 and can be used for power generation, smelting and the like.
The invention combines a plurality of sewage treatment devices, has small occupied area and large sewage treatment capacity, can carry out centralized treatment on sewage, does not need power, removes solid matters in the sewage through a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers 2 and gas-liquid separation chambers 3, realizes solid-liquid separation and gas-liquid separation of the sewage, and can recycle separated sediment, floaters, supernatant and gas to realize harmless treatment discharge of the sewage. The invention can stop odor secondary pollution sources, has low sewage treatment cost, simple equipment maintenance, good sewage treatment effect and high sewage treatment efficiency.
The invention is not limited to the alternative embodiments described above, but any person may derive other various forms of products in the light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims and the description may be used to interpret the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The sewage treatment device with the floater collecting function is characterized by comprising a plurality of solid-liquid separation chambers (2) which are sequentially communicated, wherein each solid-liquid separation chamber (2) is connected with a gas-liquid separation chamber (3) through a gas conveying pipe (10), and each gas-liquid separation chamber (3) is sequentially communicated; the top of each solid-liquid separation chamber (2) is provided with a diaphragm body (4), the bottom of each diaphragm body (4) is provided with a diaphragm bulge (5), each solid-liquid separation chamber (2) is provided with a slag discharge pipe (7) and a floating material collecting pipe (8), the solid-liquid separation chamber (2) positioned at the head is provided with a feeding conveying pipe (6), the solid-liquid separation chamber (2) positioned at the tail is provided with a reverse flow pipe (9), the inlet end of the reverse flow pipe (9) stretches into the middle part of the solid-liquid separation chamber (2) positioned at the tail, the outlet end of the reverse flow pipe (9) is communicated with the gas-liquid separation chamber (3) positioned at the head, the outlet end of the reverse flow pipe (9) is lower than the outlet end of the gas conveying pipe (10), and the gas-liquid separation chamber (3) positioned at the tail is provided with a liquid discharge pipe (11) and an exhaust pipe (12);
a first drainage tube (13) is arranged between two adjacent solid-liquid separation chambers (2), the height of the inlet end of the first drainage tube (13) is higher than that of the outlet end, and the inlet end of the first drainage tube (13) extends into the middle of the solid-liquid separation chamber (2);
a second drainage tube (14) and a ventilation tube (15) are arranged between two adjacent gas-liquid separation chambers (3), and the height of the outlet end of the second drainage tube (14) is higher than that of the inlet end;
the diaphragm bulge (5) is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure, and floaters are automatically gathered on two sides of the diaphragm bulge (5) and discharged through a floater collecting pipe (8).
2. A sewage treatment apparatus with a float collecting function according to claim 1, wherein the inlet ends of the plurality of first draft tubes (13) gradually increase in height along the sewage flow direction.
3. The sewage treatment apparatus with the float collecting function according to claim 1, wherein the gas delivery pipe (10) is installed on an outer wall of the gas-liquid separation chamber (3).
4. A sewage treatment system having a float collection function, characterized in that the sewage treatment system is composed of a plurality of the sewage treatment apparatuses having a float collection function as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
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