CN109678244B - Device and method for enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria under low inoculation amount - Google Patents
Device and method for enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria under low inoculation amount Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A device and a method for enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria under low inoculation amount belong to the technical direction of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment in the field of environmental engineering wastewater biological treatment. The invention takes an upflow reactor as a main body, adopts a short-cut nitrification coupling anaerobic ammonia oxidation mode to enrich and culture anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria under a low inoculation amount, and the low inoculation amount means that the sludge concentration contributed by anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the reactor after inoculation is lower and is 400mg/L of 300-. In the traditional method, anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria cannot be effectively retained because the sludge wraps the nitrogen to float upwards, and the sludge seeding demand is large. The method provided by the invention overcomes the defects of the traditional method, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1. the cultured granular sludge has high activity and stable structure, and the reactor can stably run under the condition of high load 2. the top submerged effluent effectively solves the problem that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is difficult to retain. 3. The reactor is started under low inoculation amount, which is beneficial to the engineering popularization and application. 4. The method and the device are simple and easy to implement and have low price.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria under low inoculation amount, and belongs to the technical field of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment in the field of environmental engineering wastewater biological treatment.
Background
With the increasing development of sewage treatment technology, new treatment processes gradually become the focus of research. Anammox has received attention from researchers as an ultra-efficient denitrification technique.
The anammox bacteria are high-efficiency autotrophic bacteria which generally exist in the nature and can oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen by using nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor, and the reaction equation is shown in the specification.
NH4 ++1.32NO2 -+0.066HCO3 -+0.13H+→1.02N2+0.26NO3 -+0.066CH2O0.5N0.15+2.03H2O
Compared with the traditional biological denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has the advantages that the aeration quantity and the alkali adding quantity of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process are greatly reduced due to the special metabolic mechanism of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and meanwhile, a carbon source is not required to be added, so that the engineering operation cost can be greatly reduced. However, because the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria have strict metabolic conditions and long doubling time (10-30 days), the selection of an enrichment device and a method is very important in the culture process of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria.
The conventional anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device and method mainly comprise an ordered batch reactor (SBR), a biological rotating disk, a biomembrane reactor, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor and a continuous upflow integrated reactor, and although the enrichment devices are reported to successfully enrich anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and start an anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, the enrichment devices have some defects. Such as: the SBR technology is complicated in process, water cannot continuously enter the SBR, and when the sludge is not good in character, the discharged water is turbid and sludge is lost; the biofilm reactor can be quickly started under the condition of low load, but cannot bear high load; when the rising flow rate of the upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor is too large, a sludge layer is easy to collapse, and when the rising flow rate is lower, a good hydraulic screening condition cannot be achieved, so that the sludge growth is not facilitated; other devices have poor sludge-water separation effect after the process is successfully started, the sludge loss is serious, and the sludge is difficult to collect after the sludge loss, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are difficult to effectively retain in the reactor, and the starting time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is long; after the process is successfully started, the sludge floats upwards to cause serious loss of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing enrichment culture apparatus and method, and to provide a more effective culture apparatus and culture method, so that the reactor can be started up at a low inoculation amount and can be stably operated under a high load condition, and the enriched anammox particles have a stable structure, strong impact resistance and good precipitation performance.
The invention is improved on the basis of a continuous upflow type integrated reactor, adopts a submerged effluent form, solves the bottleneck of the reactor for enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, namely the problem of loss of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria caused by floating of nitrogen wrapped by sludge in a mud-water separation zone, optimizes the shape of the reactor, enhances the fluidization effect, is favorable for forming anaerobic ammonia oxidizing granular sludge, and provides a method for starting and completing the enrichment culture under a low inoculation amount.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device comprises a main body reactor (1) and a fan (16); the main reactor (1) is placed on a stainless steel support (15) and is an up-flow continuous flow reactor, a layer of water bath heating sleeve (6) is wrapped outside the main reactor, an aeration disc (3) and a water inlet pipe (14) are installed at the bottom of the main reactor, a built-in sedimentation tank (11) is arranged at the top of the main reactor, 6 sampling ports (12) are arranged on the side surface of the main reactor, and the included angle between the wall of the gradually-widening reactor and the horizontal plane is more than 60 degrees; air provided by the fan (17) enters the reactor from the bottom air inlet (16) through the flow meter (5), and is uniformly distributed through the aeration disc (3) to provide dissolved oxygen for the reactor and enhance the sludge fluidization effect; the built-in sedimentation tank (11) adopts a form of underflow water outlet and comprises an underflow water outlet (7), a sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), a water outlet pipe (9) and a sludge discharge port (13); the underflow water outlet (7) is connected with a water outlet channel (10), and the water outlet channel (10) is connected with a water outlet pipe (9); the tail end of the water inlet pipe (14) is provided with an even water distributor (4); the upper part of the water bath heating sleeve (6) is provided with a hole for placing a heating rod, and the bottom of the water bath heating sleeve is provided with a water bath emptying pipe (2);
the device is characterized in that:
the wall of the built-in sedimentation tank (11) is lower than the liquid level to form a sedimentation tank water inlet weir (8); the lower part of a baffle plate between the sedimentation tank water inlet weir (8) and the sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10) exceeds the bottom of the sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), and a gap is reserved between the baffle plate and the slope at the bottom of the built-in sedimentation tank (11);
the underflow water outlet (7) is positioned 5-10 cm below the liquid level; the submerged flow water outlets (7) are multiple and are uniformly distributed around the water outlet channel (10);
the water outlet pipe (9) is parallel to the liquid level;
one side of the sludge discharge port (13) is lengthened to be used as an air baffle;
the method for enriching and culturing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by using the device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the initial stage of inoculation and starting of the reactor, the return sludge of a secondary sedimentation tank of an urban sewage treatment plant and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are mixed by a mixing ratio of 4-5: 1 mass ratio is inoculated into a main reactor (1) to ensure that the total sludge concentration in the reactor reaches 1800-2000 mg/L; inserting a heating rod into a water bath heating sleeve (6), and controlling the temperature in the reactor to reach 29-31 ℃; adjusting the air flow meter (5) to make the dissolved oxygen in the main reactor (1) be 0.1-0.5 mg/L; the water inlet adopts artificial water distribution, and specifically, NH is added into the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant4HCO3Adjusting the ammonia nitrogen concentration to 200-220 mg/L and NaHCO3Adjusting the pH of the inlet water to 8.0-8.1; meanwhile, the water inlet load of the reactor is adjusted to be 0.3-0.4 kg/m by adjusting the hydraulic retention time3D; when the removal rate of the reactor TN reaches more than 50%, the initial stage is started to finish, the sludge completes the adaptation stage, and the acclimatization stage is started;
acclimatization and enrichment stage by adding feed water NH4HCO3The feed proportion of the reactor is within 30-40 days, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water is increased from 200-220 mg/L to 400-420 mg/L, and the hydraulic retention time is adjusted to enable the inlet water load of the reactor to reach 0.7-0.9 kg/m3D, simultaneously adjusting the air flow meter (5) to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.1-0.5 mg/L, and successfully domesticating and enriching the reactor when the TN removal rate of the reactor reaches 78-83%; at the moment, the sludge concentration in the reactor reaches more than 6000 mg/L;
in the operation process of the reactor, nitrogen gas is generated in the built-in sedimentation tank (11), part of sludge can wrap up and carry the nitrogen gas to float to the liquid level of the built-in sedimentation tank, when the thickness of the floating sludge reaches 1-2 cm, pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) are closed at the same time, then the sludge at the liquid level is stirred to enable gas to escape, and the sludge can sink again. Finally, opening pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) to recover normal operation;
the short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction destruction recovery strategy comprises the following steps: the system can cause the output due to low-load impactThe nitrate nitrogen in the water rises to more than 80mg/L, and the ratio of the nitrate nitrogen concentration of the effluent to the ammonia nitrogen consumption concentration exceeds 0.3, which is the phenomenon that the short-cut nitrification of the system is destroyed because nitrite nitrogen oxidizing bacteria excessively grow; at this time, the load should be increased to a level before short-range destruction or within 20% of the level before short-range destruction, and the NaHCO in the feed water should be increased3The proportion is added to adjust the pH value in the reactor to 7.8-8.0, and the aeration quantity is controlled at the same time, so that the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent is maintained at 90-130 mg/L, and the short-cut nitrification can be recovered after the reactor is continuously operated for 30-40 days.
Compared with the existing device and method for enriching and culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the activity of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge formed in the reactor is high, so that the reactor can stably run under a high-load condition, and the formed anaerobic ammonia oxidation granules have stable structures, strong impact resistance and good precipitation performance.
(2) The top submerged effluent effectively solves the problem that anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is difficult to retain due to the fact that the sludge is wrapped by nitrogen and floats upwards in the secondary sedimentation tank, and therefore the effect of enrichment culture is achieved.
(3) The reactor can be started under low inoculation quantity, which is beneficial to the popularization and application of engineering.
(4) The method and the device are simple and easy to implement and have low price.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention
Description with respect to FIG. 1, 1-bulk reactor; 2-water bath emptying pipe; 3, an aeration disc; 4-uniform water distributor; 5-an air flow meter; 6-water bath heating jacket; 7-underflow outlet; 8, a water inlet weir of the sedimentation tank; 9-water outlet pipe; 10-water outlet channel; 11-a built-in sedimentation tank; 12-a sampling port; 13-a sludge discharge port; 14-a water inlet pipe; 15-stainless steel support; 16-an air inlet; 17-blower
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the device and the method for enriching and culturing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria comprise a main body reactor (1) and a fan (16); the main reactor (1) is placed on a stainless steel support (15) and is an up-flow continuous flow reactor, a layer of water bath heating sleeve (6) is wrapped outside the main reactor, an aeration disc (3) and a water inlet pipe (14) are installed at the bottom of the main reactor, a built-in sedimentation tank (11) is arranged at the top of the main reactor, 6 sampling ports (12) are arranged on the side surface of the main reactor, and the included angle between the wall of the gradually-widening reactor and the horizontal plane is more than 60 degrees; air provided by the fan (17) enters the reactor from the bottom air inlet (16) through the flow meter (5), and is uniformly distributed through the aeration disc (3) to provide dissolved oxygen for the reactor and enhance the sludge fluidization effect; the built-in sedimentation tank (11) adopts a form of underflow water outlet and comprises an underflow water outlet (7), a sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), a water outlet pipe (9) and a sludge discharge port (13); the underflow water outlet (7) is connected with a water outlet channel (10), and the water outlet channel (10) is connected with a water outlet pipe (9); the tail end of the water inlet pipe (14) is provided with an even water distributor (4); the upper part of the water bath heating sleeve (6) is provided with a hole for placing a heating rod, and the bottom of the water bath heating sleeve is provided with a water bath emptying pipe (2);
the test apparatus shown with reference to fig. 1 is characterized in that:
the wall of the built-in sedimentation tank (11) is lower than the liquid level to form a sedimentation tank water inlet weir (8); the lower part of a baffle plate between the sedimentation tank water inlet weir (8) and the sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10) exceeds the bottom of the sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), and a gap is reserved between the baffle plate and the slope at the bottom of the built-in sedimentation tank (11);
the underflow water outlet (7) is positioned 5-10 cm below the liquid level; the submerged flow water outlets (7) are multiple and are uniformly distributed around the water outlet channel (10);
the water outlet pipe (9) is parallel to the liquid level;
one side of the sludge discharge port (13) is lengthened to be used as an air baffle;
referring to the test apparatus shown in fig. 1, the enrichment culture of anammox bacteria is realized according to the following steps:
in the initial stage of inoculation and starting of the reactor, the return sludge of a secondary sedimentation tank of an urban sewage treatment plant and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are mixed by a mixing ratio of 4-5: 1 mass ratio is inoculated into a main reactor (1) to ensure that the total sludge concentration in the reactor reaches 1800-2000 mg/L; inserting a heating rod into a water bath heating sleeve (6), and controlling the temperature in the reactor to reach 29-31 ℃; adjusting the air flow meter (5) to make the dissolved oxygen in the main reactor (1) be 0.1-0.5 mg/L; water intake productionThe artificial water distribution is adopted, and specifically, NH is added into effluent water of a primary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage plant4HCO3Adjusting the ammonia nitrogen concentration to 200-220 mg/L and NaHCO3Adjusting the pH of the inlet water to 8.0-8.1; meanwhile, the water inlet load of the reactor is adjusted to be 0.3-0.4 kg/m by adjusting the hydraulic retention time3D; when the removal rate of the reactor TN reaches more than 50%, the initial stage is started to finish, the sludge finishes the adaptation stage, and the acclimatization and enrichment culture stage is started;
acclimatization and enrichment stage by adding feed water NH4HCO3The feed proportion of the reactor is within 30-40 days, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water is increased from 200-220 mg/L to 400-420 mg/L, and the hydraulic retention time is adjusted to enable the inlet water load of the reactor to reach 0.7-0.9 kg/m3D, simultaneously adjusting the air flow meter (5) to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.1-0.5 mg/L, and successfully domesticating and enriching the reactor when the TN removal rate of the reactor reaches 78-83%; at the moment, the sludge concentration in the reactor reaches more than 6000 mg/L;
in the operation process of the reactor, nitrogen gas is generated in the built-in sedimentation tank (11), part of sludge can wrap up and carry the nitrogen gas to float to the liquid level of the built-in sedimentation tank, when the thickness of the floating sludge reaches 1-2 cm, pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) are closed at the same time, then the sludge at the liquid level is stirred to enable gas to escape, and the sludge can sink again. Finally, opening pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) to recover normal operation;
the short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction destruction recovery strategy comprises the following steps: the system can cause the effluent nitrate nitrogen to rise to more than 80mg/L due to low-load impact, and the ratio of the effluent nitrate nitrogen to the ammonia nitrogen consumption exceeds 0.3, which is the phenomenon that the short-cut nitrification of the system is damaged due to the excessive growth of nitrite nitrogen oxidizing bacteria; at this time, the load should be increased to a level before short-range destruction or within 20% of the level before short-range destruction, and the NaHCO in the feed water should be increased3The proportion is added to adjust the pH value in the reactor to 7.8-8.0, and the aeration quantity is controlled at the same time, so that the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent is maintained at 90-130 mg/L, and the short-cut nitrification can be recovered after the reactor is continuously operated for 30-40 days.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the invention that will enable those skilled in the art to better understand and practice the invention, and it is not to be limited thereby, since simple modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for enriching and culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, which uses a device comprising: a main body reactor (1) and a fan (17); the main reactor (1) is placed on a stainless steel support (15) and is an up-flow continuous flow reactor, a layer of water bath heating sleeve (6) is wrapped outside the main reactor, an aeration disc (3) and a water inlet pipe (14) are installed at the bottom of the main reactor, a built-in sedimentation tank (11) is arranged at the top of the main reactor, 6 sampling ports (12) are arranged on the side surface of the main reactor, and the included angle between the wall of the gradually-widening reactor and the horizontal plane is more than 60 degrees; air provided by the fan (17) enters the reactor from the bottom air inlet (16) through the air flow meter (5), and is uniformly distributed through the aeration disc (3) to provide dissolved oxygen for the reactor and enhance the sludge fluidization effect; the built-in sedimentation tank (11) adopts a form of underflow water outlet and comprises an underflow water outlet (7), a sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), a water outlet pipe (9) and a sludge discharge port (13); the underflow water outlet (7) is connected with a sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10), and the sedimentation tank water outlet channel (10) is connected with a water outlet pipe (9); the tail end of the water inlet pipe (14) is provided with an even water distributor (4); the upper part of the water bath heating sleeve (6) is provided with a hole for placing a heating rod, and the bottom of the water bath heating sleeve is provided with a water bath emptying pipe (2);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
returning sludge of a secondary sedimentation tank of an urban sewage treatment plant and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge by a ratio of 4-5: 1 mass ratio is inoculated into a main reactor (1) to ensure that the total sludge concentration in the reactor reaches 1800-2000 mg/L; inserting a heating rod into a water bath heating sleeve (6), and controlling the temperature in the reactor to reach 29-31 ℃; adjusting the air flow meter (5) to make the dissolved oxygen in the main reactor (1) be 0.1-0.5 mg/L; the water inlet is specifically to add NH into the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant4HCO3Adjusting the ammonia nitrogen concentration to 200-220 mg/L and NaHCO3Adjusting the pH of the inlet water to 8.0-8.1; meanwhile, the water inflow load of the reactor is regulated to be 0.3-0.4 kg/m for carrying out the dry-method cultivation and d by adjusting the hydraulic retention time;when the removal rate of the reactor TN reaches more than 50%, the initial stage is started to finish, the sludge finishes the adaptation stage, and the acclimatization and enrichment stage is started;
domestication and enrichment stage: by adding feed water NH4HCO3The feeding proportion of (1) is within 30-40 d, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water is increased from 200-220 mg/L to 400-420 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is adjusted to enable the inlet water load of the reactor to reach 0.7-0.9 kg/m for carrying out the year and d, meanwhile, the air flow meter (5) is adjusted to enable the dissolved oxygen in the reactor to be 0.1-0.5 mg/L, and when the TN removal rate of the reactor reaches 78-83%, the acclimation and enrichment of the reactor are successful; at the moment, the sludge concentration in the reactor reaches more than 6000 mg/L;
in the operation process of the reactor, nitrogen is generated in the built-in sedimentation tank (11), part of sludge is wrapped by the nitrogen and floats to the liquid level of the built-in sedimentation tank, when the thickness of the floating sludge reaches 1-2 cm, pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) are closed at the same time, then the sludge at the liquid level is stirred to enable gas to escape, and the sludge sinks again; and finally, opening pipeline valves of the water outlet pipe (9) and the water inlet pipe (14) to recover normal operation.
2. The method for recovering the destruction of shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammoxidation reaction according to claim 1, wherein:
when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent rises to more than 80mg/L within 3-5 days due to low-load impact, the ratio of the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent to the ammonia nitrogen consumption exceeds 0.3; at this time, the load is increased to the level before the short-cut nitrification is destroyed or is increased by within 20 percent, and the NaHCO of the inlet water is increased3The proportion is added to adjust the pH value in the reactor to 7.8-8.0, and the aeration quantity is controlled at the same time, so that the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent is maintained at 90-130 mg/L, and the short-cut nitrification can be recovered after the reactor is continuously operated for 30-40 days.
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| CN101205526A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-06-25 | 华南理工大学 | Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by up-flow type anaerobic sludge bed reactor |
| CN203474530U (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-03-12 | 李声寿 | Self-circulation sludge bed reactor |
| CN204022547U (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2014-12-17 | 段国秀 | A kind of novel anaerobic reactor |
| CN106745746A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The leading integral anaerobic ammoxidation denitrification reactor of granule sludge and method |
| CN106927567A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-07 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Integrated anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor |
| CN207276409U (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-04-27 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Waste water treatment system |
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| CN101205526A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-06-25 | 华南理工大学 | Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by up-flow type anaerobic sludge bed reactor |
| CN203474530U (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-03-12 | 李声寿 | Self-circulation sludge bed reactor |
| CN204022547U (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2014-12-17 | 段国秀 | A kind of novel anaerobic reactor |
| CN106927567A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-07 | 帕克环保技术(上海)有限公司 | Integrated anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor |
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