CN101205526A - Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by up-flow type anaerobic sludge bed reactor - Google Patents
Method for rapidly culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by up-flow type anaerobic sludge bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101205526A CN101205526A CNA2007100327174A CN200710032717A CN101205526A CN 101205526 A CN101205526 A CN 101205526A CN A2007100327174 A CNA2007100327174 A CN A2007100327174A CN 200710032717 A CN200710032717 A CN 200710032717A CN 101205526 A CN101205526 A CN 101205526A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method by using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket - biomemebrane reactor to quickly cultivate anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, comprising the following steps: enriched microorganisms are preserved in an internal membrane of a UASB reactor; garbage landfill is selected for treating activated sludge during the leachate SBR process as seed sludge, and seeded sludge quantity is 45 to 65 percent of effective volume of the reactor; a constant temperature circulating water bath is adopted to maintain temperature of a reaction zone to be 1 DEG C higher or lower than 32 DEG C; waste water is synthesized by adoption of manpower, and waste water components comprise NH4Cl, NaNO2, MgSO4, KH2PO4, CaCl2, NaHCO3, a microelement I and a microelement II; mass ratio of NH4<+>-N and NO2<->-N during the process of water distribution is controlled to be ranged from 1 to 1.0 to 1 to 1.6; PH value of influent is adjusted to be 7.4 to 7.8. The invention has the advantages of simple technology, stable system operation, high nitrogen removal rate, short acclimation concentration time and so on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, particularly a kind of method of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria.
Background technology
Along with the raising of development of industry and agriculture and people's living standard, the pollution of nitrogen increasingly sharpens, and has become one of water environment pollution principal element.Many countries are strict day by day to the requirement of nitrogen in the wastewater discharge standard, and therefore, wastewater biological denitrificaion Study on Technology and exploitation are subject to people's attention.But traditional bio-denitrification technology all ubiquity initial cost and defectives such as working cost is higher, operation control complexity, long flow path, the oxygen consumption is big, denitrification effect is lower.The researchist is trying to explore the biological denitrification process with development of new for a long time always, so that can fast, efficiently remove the ammonia nitrogen in the waste water.Thus, a kind of novel, promising, the sewage water denitrification novel process---Anammox (ANAMMOXANaerobic AMMonia OXidation) bio-denitrification technology arises at the historic moment cheaply.Anammox (ANAMMOX) is under anaerobic with NO
2 -As electron acceptor(EA), utilizing autotroph (ANAMMOX bacterium) is nitrogen (N with the ammonia direct oxidation
2) realize the technology of denitrogenation.The ANAMMOX bacterium belongs to Planctomycetales, and called after Candidatus Brocasia anammoxidans.Candidatus B.anammoxidans growth velocity is slow, it is reported, is that its multiplication phase is 11 days under 8.0,40 ℃ the condition in the pH value, and ANAMMOX bacteria domestication time and reactor start-up time are long, average out to 100 days～150 days.Therefore, the ANAMMOX bacterial growth slowly, drawbacks limit such as the domestication time is long, processing efficiency is low, reactor fluctuation of service the application of Anammox technology in denitrogenation of waste water is handled.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at problems of the prior art, a kind of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria acclimatization technology is proposed, to shorten the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria domestication time, by ANAMMOX bacterial growth optimum environment is provided, make that microorganism breeds fast, enrichment, the maximum activity of performance improves reactor for treatment efficient and reactor operation stability in denitrification process.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is:
The method of a kind of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket-biofilm reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria comprises the steps and processing condition:
(a) biofilm in the UASB reactor, the microorganism that keeps institute's enrichment; The active sludge of choosing in the refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology is a seed sludge, and the sludge quantity of inoculation is 45～65% of a reactor useful volume, feeds nitrogen flooding except that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor before the domestication anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria;
(b) adopt thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature to remain on 32 ± 1 ℃;
(c) adopt synthetic waste water, the waste water component comprises NH
4Cl, NaNO
2, 280～320mg/LMgSO
4, 28～32mg/L KH
2PO
4, 13～140mg/L CaCl
2, 480～520mg/L NaHCO
3And contain 0.8～1.2ml trace element I and 0.8～1.2ml trace element II, NH in the waste water in every liter of waste water
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled to be 1: 1.0～and 1: 1.6; Trace element I comprises 4800～5200mg/L FeSO
4, micro-II comprises 13～15mg/L H
3BO
4, 420～450mg/LZnSO
47H
2O, 220～250mg/L CoCl
26H
2O, 950～1000mg/L MnCl
24H
2O, 220～250mg/L CuSO
45H
2O and 180～200mg/L NiCl
26H
2O, all medicines are analytical pure.
(d) by adding NaHCO
3The pH that regulates water inlet is 7.4～7.8; The domestication system is airtight, and rising pipe and vapor pipe be the water seal arrangement by separately all.
Described seed sludge is a sorrel, and the ordinary optical microscope microscopy shows that the mud structure is in small, broken bits, and fine worm of campanularian, Parapet and wheel animalcule are arranged, and thread fungus is few, and MLSS is 50～60g/L.
The sludge quantity of described inoculation is 60～70% of a reactor useful volume.
The control of described thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature be reaction zone is designed to telescopic, keep constant temperature by the hot water circulation in the sleeve, insert a mercurythermometer from reactor top and reach the reaction zone middle part, the real-time monitored reaction zone temperature, the timely operating parameter of adjusting water bath with thermostatic control according to weather conditions.
Seed sludge of the present invention is taken from the aerobic SBR technology for the treatment of refuse percolate, SBR technology itself has anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic and leave standstill the technology operation characteristic in stage, and the nitrification effect of SBR technology is good when getting mud, so there is multiple microorganism in the mud.Two stages have been experienced in the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria domestication: mud adaptive phase (1～46 day), anaerobic ammoxidation activity performance and raising phase (47～56 days).Mud in the mud adaptive phase reactor assembly changes to anoxic, anaerobic state gradually, and the microorganism that can not adapt to anaerobism and inorganic environment is disintegrated in a large number, successfully screens useful bacterial classification; The denitrification of anaerobic ammoxidation activity performance and raising phase inside reactor begins to weaken, and the bacterium with anaerobic ammoxidation activity becomes dominant bacteria, and improves active rapidly.Success is tamed and the enrichment anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, and whole domestication process is only used 56 day time.Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria domestication process is all carried out in enclosed appts, remaining reactor assembly inner is the strictly anaerobic state, control flora internal temperature is (32 ± 1) ℃, water inlet pH value remains between 7.4～7.8, the strict proportioning of each composition in the water distribution is for screening, enrichment, domestication and the growth of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria provides suitable environment.Therefore, in this domestication system, 100 days～150 days of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria domestication time ratio ordinary method have shortened more than 1/2, only used 56 days, and the reactor assembly operation are more stable, and the nitrogen clearance is higher, NH
4 +-N, NO
2 -The clearance of-N and TN reaches 99.3%, 97.4% and 89.6% respectively.
The present invention compares with existing anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria acclimation method, and following advantage is arranged:
(1) seed sludge is taken from the active sludge in the refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology, contain a large amount of microorganisms, the sludge seeding amount is higher, and the water distribution component proportions is suitable, add the required micro-I of microorganism growth, II, this has shortened the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria domestication time greatly;
(2) the inner strictly anaerobic state that keeps of reactor assembly, control flora internal temperature be (32 ± 1) ℃, and water inlet pH value is adjusted to 7.4～7.8, and the strict proportioning of each composition in the water distribution has improved nitrogen removal efficient, and reactor assembly moves more stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is a domestication process ammonia nitrogen change curve of the present invention.
Fig. 1 b is a domestication process nitrite nitrogen change curve of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket of the present invention-biofilm reactor structural representation.
Embodiment
Come below in conjunction with Figure of description that the invention will be further described, but the present invention's scope required for protection is not limited to the scope described in the embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket-biofilm reactor of the present invention comprises UASB reactor shell 1, water inlet surge pump 2, water distribution bucket 3, circulator bath 4, thermometer 5, venting port 6, water outlet 7, thief hole 8, biofilm carrier 9 and mud district 10.UASB reactor shell 1 lower end is connected with water distribution bucket 3 by water inlet surge pump 2; The different heights place is provided with a plurality of thief holes 8 on the UASB reactor shell 1, UASB reactor shell 1 upper end is provided with water outlet 7, the top is provided with venting port 6, thermometer 5 inserts in the UASB reactor shell 1 from the top, arrive the reaction zone middle part, so that the real-time monitored reaction zone temperature in time according to the operating parameter of weather conditions adjustment water bath with thermostatic control, remains anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria optimum activity temperature.UASB reactor shell 1 is telescopic.Circulator bath 4 is configured in UASB reactor shell 1 periphery.Biofilm carrier 9 is fixed in the UASB reactor shell 1, and evenly arranges.Mud district 10 is that sludgd deposition forms in UASB reactor shell 1, accounts for the 50-65% of reactor useful volume.
(a) biofilm in the UASB reactor, microbial film can effectively keep the microorganism of institute's enrichment, and biomembranous cultivation helps the accumulation of ANAMMOX bacterium.Seed sludge is taken from the active sludge in certain refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology, this mud is sorrel, the ordinary optical microscope microscopy shows that the mud structure is in small, broken bits, fine worm of campanularian Parapet and wheel animalcule are arranged, thread fungus is few, MLSS is 55.63g/L, inoculum size is 65% of a reactor useful volume, the technology operation characteristic that SBR technology itself has, anaerobism is arranged, anoxic, aerobic and leave standstill the stage, and the nitrification effect of SBR technology is good when getting mud, therefore takes from the seed sludge of aerobic SBR technology for the treatment of refuse percolate to have multiple microorganism, helps quickening the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Dissolved oxygen is inhibited to the ANAMMOX bacterium, must feed nitrogen flooding except that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor before the domestication anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, to keep anaerobic state in the reactor.
(b) adopt thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature to remain on (32 ± 1) ℃, reactor reaction zone is designed to telescopic.Keep constant temperature by the hot water circulation in the sleeve, insert a mercurythermometer from reactor top and reach the reaction zone middle part, so as the real-time monitored reaction zone temperature, the timely operating parameter of adjusting water bath with thermostatic control according to weather conditions;
(c) adopt synthetic waste water, the waste water component comprises NH
4Cl, NaNO
2, 300mg/L MgSO
4, 30mg/L KH
2PO
4, 135mg/L CaCl
2, 500mg/L NaHCO
3And contain 1ml trace element I and 1ml trace element II, NH in the water distribution in every liter of waste water
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled to be 1: 1.32; Trace element I comprises 5000mg/L FeSO
4, micro-II comprises 14mg/L H
3BO
4, 430mg/L ZnSO
47H
2O, 230mg/L CoCl
26H
2O, 980mg/L MnCl
24H
2O, 230mg/LCuSO
45H
2O and 188mg/L NiCl
26H
2O, all medicines are analytical pure; NO
2 --N and NH
4 +-N is the essential characteristic of Anammox with certain proportion by transforming simultaneously, NO in the water inlet
2 --N and NH
4 +Ratio σ and the relation between the reactor efficiency of-N are the closest, corresponding to each TN loading condiction, all have a unrestricted zone [σ of matrix
1, σ
2], a TN clearance maximum value all appears in this interval, water inlet matrix ratio σ=σ that this moment is corresponding
TNmax, be the best water inlet matrix ratio of reactor operation, NH in the water distribution
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled at into water matrix ratio, is 1: 1.32.Can (d) the pH value can the intracellular electrolyte balance of influence, directly influence microbic activity even survive; On the other hand, the pH value also can influence the concentration of solution mesostroma or inhibition, and the remote effect microorganism active, by adding NaHCO
3The pH that regulates water inlet is 7.5, tames under the optimum activity state to keep anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, after 60 days, water outlet ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content are than the remarkable reduction of water inlet in the domestication process of the present invention.
(a) biofilm in the UASB reactor, microbial film can effectively keep the microorganism of institute's enrichment, and biomembranous cultivation helps the accumulation of ANAMMOX bacterium.Seed sludge is taken from the active sludge in certain refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology, this mud is sorrel, the ordinary optical microscope microscopy shows that the mud structure is in small, broken bits, fine worm of campanularian Parapet and wheel animalcule are arranged, thread fungus is few, MLSS is 50.23g/L, inoculum size is 60% of a reactor useful volume, the technology operation characteristic that SBR technology itself has, anaerobism is arranged, anoxic, aerobic and leave standstill the stage, and the nitrification effect of SBR technology is good when getting mud, therefore takes from the seed sludge of aerobic SBR technology for the treatment of refuse percolate to have multiple microorganism, helps quickening the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Dissolved oxygen is inhibited to the ANAMMOX bacterium, must feed nitrogen flooding except that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor before the domestication anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, to keep anaerobic state in the reactor.
(b) adopt thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature to remain on (32 ± 1) ℃, reactor reaction zone is designed to telescopic.
(c) adopt synthetic waste water, the waste water component comprises NH
4Cl, NaNO
2, 280mg/L MgSO
4, 32mg/L KM
2PO
4, 130mg/L CaCl
2, 520mg/L NaHCO
3And contain 0.8ml trace element 1.2ml trace element II, NH in the water distribution in every liter of waste water
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled to be 1: 1; Trace element I comprises 4800mg/L FeSO
4, micro-II comprises 13mg/L H
3BO
4, 420mg/LZnSO
47H
2O, 250mg/L CoCl
26H
2O, 950mg/L MnCl
24H
2O, 250mg/LCuSO
45H
2O and 198mg/L NiCl
26H
2O, all medicines are analytical pure; NO
2 --N and NH
4 +-N is the essential characteristic of Anammox with certain proportion by transforming simultaneously, NO in the water inlet
2 --N and NH
4 +Ratio σ and the relation between the reactor efficiency of-N are the closest, corresponding to each TN loading condiction, all have a unrestricted zone [σ of matrix
1, σ
2], a TN clearance maximum value all appears in this interval, water inlet matrix ratio σ=σ that this moment is corresponding
TNmax, be the best water inlet matrix ratio of reactor operation, NH in the water distribution
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is strict controlled in best water inlet matrix ratio, is 1: 1.2.Can (d) the pH value can the intracellular electrolyte balance of influence, directly influence microbic activity even survive; On the other hand, the pH value also can influence the concentration of solution mesostroma or inhibition, and the remote effect microorganism active, by adding NaHCO
3The pH that regulates water inlet is 7.4, tames under the optimum activity state to keep anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
(a) biofilm in the UASB reactor, microbial film can effectively keep the microorganism of institute's enrichment, and biomembranous cultivation helps the accumulation of ANAMMOX bacterium.Seed sludge is taken from the active sludge in certain refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology, this mud is sorrel, the ordinary optical microscope microscopy shows that the mud structure is in small, broken bits, fine worm of campanularian Parapet and wheel animalcule are arranged, thread fungus is few, MLSS is 59.67g/L, inoculum size is 70% of a reactor useful volume, the technology operation characteristic that SBR technology itself has, anaerobism is arranged, anoxic, aerobic and leave standstill the stage, and the nitrification effect of SBR technology is good when getting mud, therefore takes from the seed sludge of aerobic SBR technology for the treatment of refuse percolate to have multiple microorganism, helps quickening the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Dissolved oxygen is inhibited to the ANAMMOX bacterium, must feed nitrogen flooding except that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor before the domestication anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, to keep anaerobic state in the reactor.
(b) adopt thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature to remain on (32 ± 1) ℃, reactor reaction zone is designed to telescopic.
(c) adopt synthetic waste water, the waste water component comprises NH
4Cl, NaNO
2, 320mg/L MgSO
4, 28mg/L KH
2PO
4, 140mg/L CaCl
2, 480mg/L NaHCO
3And contain 1.2ml trace element 0.8ml trace element II, NH in the water distribution in every liter of waste water
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled to be 1: 1.6; Trace element I comprises 5200mg/L FeSO
4, micro-II comprises 15mg/L H
3BO
4, 450mg/L ZnSO
47H
2O, 220mg/L CoCl
26H
2O, 1000mg/L MnCl
24H
2O, 220mg/LCuSO
45H
2O and 180mg/L NiCl
26H
2O, all medicines are analytical pure; NO
2 --N and NH
4 +-N is the essential characteristic of Anammox with certain proportion by transforming simultaneously, NO in the water inlet
2 --N and NH
4 +Ratio σ and the relation between the reactor efficiency of-N are the closest, corresponding to each TN loading condiction, all have a unrestricted zone [σ of matrix
1, σ
2], a TN clearance maximum value all appears in this interval, water inlet matrix ratio σ=σ that this moment is corresponding
TNmax, be the best water inlet matrix ratio of reactor operation, NH in the water distribution
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is strict controlled in best water inlet matrix ratio, is 1: 1.5.Can (d) the pH value can the intracellular electrolyte balance of influence, directly influence microbic activity even survive; On the other hand, the pH value also can influence the concentration of solution mesostroma or inhibition, and the remote effect microorganism active, by adding NaHCO
3The pH that regulates water inlet is 7.8, tames under the optimum activity state to keep anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
Claims (4)
1. the method for up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket-biofilm reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is characterized in that comprising the steps and processing condition:
(a) biofilm in the UASB reactor, the microorganism that keeps institute's enrichment; The active sludge of choosing in the refuse landfill processing percolate SBR technology is a seed sludge, and the sludge quantity of inoculation is 45～65% of a reactor useful volume, feeds nitrogen flooding except that the dissolved oxygen in the reactor before the domestication anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria;
(b) adopt thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature to remain on 32 ± 1 ℃;
(c) adopt synthetic waste water, the waste water component comprises NH
4Cl, NaNO
2, 280～320mg/LMgSO
4, 28～32mg/L KH
2PO
4, 13～140mg/L CaCl
2, 480～520mg/L NaHCO
3And contain 0.8～1.2ml trace element I and 0.8～1.2ml trace element II, NH in the waste water in every liter of waste water
4 +-N and NO
2 -The mass ratio of-N is controlled to be 1: 1.0～and 1: 1.6; Trace element I comprises 4800～5200mg/L FeSO
4, micro-II comprises 13～15mg/L H
3BO
4, 420～450mg/LZnSO
47H
2O, 220～250mg/L CoCl
26H
2O, 950～1000mg/L MnCl
24H
2O, 220～250mg/L CuSO
45H
2O and 180～200mg/L NiCl
26H
2O, all medicines are analytical pure.
(d) by adding NaHCO
3The pH that regulates water inlet is 7.4～7.8; The domestication system is airtight, and rising pipe and vapor pipe be the water seal arrangement by separately all.
2. the method for upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seed sludge is a sorrel, the ordinary optical microscope microscopy shows that the mud structure is in small, broken bits, fine worm of campanularian, Parapet and wheel animalcule are arranged, thread fungus is few, and MLSS is 50～60g/L.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2 described upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacterias, it is characterized in that the sludge quantity of inoculating is 60～70% of a reactor useful volume.
4. according to the method for right 1 described upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor quickly culturing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, it is characterized in that the control of described thermostatic circulation bath control reaction zone temperature be reaction zone is designed to telescopic, keep constant temperature by the hot water circulation in the sleeve, insert a mercurythermometer from reactor top and reach the reaction zone middle part, the real-time monitored reaction zone temperature, the timely operating parameter of adjusting water bath with thermostatic control according to weather conditions.
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| CN101948168A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-01-19 | 济南大学 | Method for culturing aerobic granular sludge by fractional water feeding operation mode |
| CN102336505A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-01 | 杭州师范大学 | Preservation method for anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge |
| CN102432097A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-05-02 | 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 | Method for quickly starting anaerobic ammonium oxidation in upflow packed bed reactor |
| CN102952764A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Culture method of salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
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| CN102952764B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-11-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Culture method of salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
| CN102952764A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Culture method of salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria |
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