CN101284697B - Device and method for realizing shortcut nitrification of sludge-digestion liquid by combined control of FA and FNA - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing shortcut nitrification of sludge-digestion liquid by combined control of FA and FNA Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device which can realize the shortcut nitrification of sludge-digestion liquid through the combined control of FA and FNA. The device is provided with a raw water box, a shortcut nitrification reactor, a sedimentation tank and a water outlet tank; the shortcut nitrification reactor is divided into a hypoxia stirring zone and an aerobic zone, and a DO/pH online controlleris arranged in the aerobic zone; an air-blast-head is arranged at the bottom of the reactor; a method utilizing the device to realize the shortcut nitrification comprises the following steps: firstly,a system is started; and secondly, the adjustment is carried out in running; the device is applicable to the nitrification of the sludge-digestion liquid of a sewage treatment plant, the structure ofthe device is simple, the process of the method is simple, the operation is convenient, a plurality of carbon sources are saved, the nitrification speed is fast, and the effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of biological sewage treatment by using, jointly control the apparatus and method that realize sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration by free ammonia FA (Free Ammonia) and free nitrous acid FNA (Free Nitrous Acid), be applicable to that sludge from wastewater treatment plant Digestive system and other are such as breeding wastewater, gourmet powder waste water, the contour ammonia nitrogen (NH of coking chemical waste water
4 +-N) organic industrial sewage is handled.
Background technology
The water of China pollutes constantly aggravation, and shortage of water resources has restricted the development of China's economic society, makes the emission standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant improve constantly, and the regeneration of sewage has been trend of the times.The a large amount of excess sludges that produce in the municipal sewage treatment process dispose and reclaim methane usually in digester.But in the anaerobism ammonification of anaerobic digestion process owing to organonitrogen, the nitrogen major part in the mud is with NH
4 +-N form is transferred in the sludge digestion liquid.The NH of Digestive system
4 +-N can reach 1500mg/L, makes sludge digestion liquid become typical high NH
4 +-N hangs down C/N waste water, contained NH
4 +-N accounts for the 15%-25% of Sewage Plant nitrogen load.
Sludge digestion liquid is refluxed existing biochemical processing process and former water is handled together, and carries out denitrogenation (A-O or A by traditional biological denitrification process
2/ O technology), this has increased the nitrogen load of sewage disposal greatly.For the municipal effluent that former water carbon source lacks, the backflow of Digestive system causes denitrogenation dephosphorizing efficient to be difficult to improve, and the part nitrogen of water inlet forms poor circulation in aeration tank and oxidation and the reduction repeatedly of digester quilt.The metabolic characteristics of anaerobic sludge digestion and sludge digestion liquid directly are back to the traditional technology of sink drainage, are that many sewage works nitric efficiency low is main but through commonly overlooked major cause.
The traditional biological denitrogenation is by nitrated with NH
4 +-N is converted into NO
3 --N, again by denitrification with NO
3 --N is converted into nitrogen and overflows from water.At nitrated stage, NH
4 +-N is converted to NO
3 --N is by independently two differential responses finishing of bacterium of two classes, at first by nitrococcus (Nitrosomonas) with NH
4 +-N is converted into NO
2 --N, then by nitrifier (Nitrobacter) with NO
2 --N is converted into NO
3 --N.For denitrifying bacteria, also can be through NH
4 +-N → NO
2 --N → N
2" simple and direct " approach is like this finished, i.e. short range biological denitrification technology.Short-cut denitrification has following advantage: save 25% oxygen-supplying amount; Save 40% denitrifying carbon source; Reduce the mud growing amount; Shorten the reaction times, the corresponding minimizing 30%～40% of reactor volume.So the short distance nitration denitride technology adapts to the water quality of sludge digestion liquid, can save and build and working cost.High NH
4 +-N sludge digestion liquid stability and high efficiency short range biological denitrification is to realize in the Continuous Flow activated sludge reactor under the recognized problem of bio-denitrifying sewage, particularly normal temperature condition that sludge digestion liquid short range biological denitrification does not appear in the newspapers.
At the present situation of sludge digestion liquid processing and the characteristics of short range biological denitrification, if can in sludge digestion liquid side treatment system, realize high NH
4 +The short distance nitration of-N is then finished denitrification in main flow technology, just can save a large amount of denitrifying carbon sources, and then improves the nitric efficiency of Sewage Plant, reaches energy saving purposes, lays the first stone for sludge digestion liquid whole process autotrophic denitrification simultaneously.As seen, the apparatus and method of realization and control mud nitrification liquid short distance nitration have novelty in the Continuous Flow activated sludge reactor, and market application foreground is wide.
Summary of the invention
To the objective of the invention is in order solving the problems of the technologies described above, to propose a kind of apparatus and method that jointly control realization sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration by FA and FNA, in the Continuous Flow activated sludge reactor, jointly control the high NO of realization sludge digestion liquid by FA and FNA
2 -The short distance biological nitration of-N cumulative percentage (can reach 95%), thus a large amount of denitrifying carbon sources saved.This invention has overcome the deficiency of sludge digestion liquid traditional technology, and have technical process simple, adapt to sludge digestion liquid water quality characteristics, flexible operation, characteristics simple to operate.Be applied to reality and can significantly reduce construction and working cost, non-secondary pollution.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Jointly control the device of realizing sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration by FA and FNA, it is characterized in that: be provided with raw water box (1), short distance nitration reactor (2), settling tank (3) and water tank (4); The short distance nitration reactor is equally divided into 9 lattice chambers in the longitudinal direction, lattice chamber the 1st is anoxia stirring district (2.6), be provided with speed governing agitator (2.10) in this district, remaining 8 lattice chamber is aerobic zone (2.9), according to the water (flow) direction aperture that is crisscross arranged up and down is the flowing hole of 15mm, and DO and pH value on-line controller (2.7,2.8) are installed in aerobic zone; Air pump (2.1) is connected with the aeration head that is located at reactor bottom (2.5) by inlet pipe (2.2), gas meter (2.3), air volume regulating valve (2.4); Raw water box is connected with anoxia stirring district (2.6) by intake pump (1.1), water absorption tube (1.2), pressure pipe (1.3); The short distance nitration reactor connects the pipe core (3.4) of settling tank by rising pipe (2.11), below pipe core, be provided with taper reflector (3.6), settling tank is provided with sample cock (3.5) from top to bottom, and settling tank is connected with the anoxia stirring district (2.6) of short distance nitration reactor by sludge reflux pump (3.1), mud valve (3.2), effluent recycling pipeline (3.3); The rising pipe of settling tank (3.7) connects water tank, and raw water box and water tank are provided with blow-off valve (1.4,4.1) respectively, and water tank also is provided with rising pipe (4.3) and overflow pipe (4.2).
The present invention also provides a kind of said apparatus that utilizes to jointly control realization sludge digestion liquid short range nitrifying method by FA and FNA, and its feature may further comprise the steps:
1) system starts: with the dilution proportion of sludge digestion liquid usefulness tap water according to 1: 1, Digestive system after then will diluting is full of the short distance nitration reactor, then will be added to from the active sludge that urban sewage plant aeration tank is obtained the short distance nitration reactor, the mixed solution sludge concentration MLSS that adds back short distance nitration reactor is 3000-4000mg/L;
Adjustment operation when 2) moving:
(1) according to Digestive system NH
4 +The variation of-N concentration, fluctuation range are 300～1000mg/L,, the flooding quantity of adjusting short distance nitration reactor is promptly as Digestive system NH
4 +When-N concentration has a more substantial increase, then suitably reduce flooding velocity, and as Digestive system NH
4 +-N concentration has when reducing by a relatively large margin, then suitably increases flooding velocity, the NH of intaking the most at last
4 +-N load is controlled at 0.2～0.7Kg NH
4 +-N/m
3In the scope of d; Control water inlet pH value is 6.5～8.0 simultaneously, when pH value＜6.5, adds NaHCO
3Improve the pH value, the pH value of Digestive system can not be higher than 8.0 usually; Pass through NH like this
4 +-N load is 30-15mg/L with the free ammonia FA concentration range that the oxygen-starved area of short distance nitration reactor is kept in the control of pH value, in order to suppress NO
2 -The growth metabolism of-N oxidation bacterium NOB, but do not suppress NH substantially
4 +-N oxidation bacterium AOB;
(2) along with NH
4 +The carrying out that-N is nitrated, in the 6-lattice chamber the 8th of aerobic zone, the pH value will constantly reduce, and this moment, FA concentration was reduced to below the 0.1mg/L gradually, lost the restraining effect to NOB; When last lattice chamber pH value＜5.5, then add NaHCO at Yuan Shui
3, make influent alkalinity and NH
4 +The ratio of-N makes the basicity＞100mgCaCO of last lattice chamber about 7.2
3/ L, and then the pH value of keeping 6-lattice chamber the 8th is at 5.5-6.5; Because NH
4 +-N constantly is oxidized to nitrous acid nitrogen NO by AOB
2 --N, NO at this moment
2 --N concentration is brought up to 100～300mg/L; By the pH value is controlled at 5.5-6.5, produced the NO of 100～300mg/L simultaneously like this
2 --N makes the free nitrous acid FNA concentration of 6-lattice chamber the 8th at 0.05-0.20mg/L, suppresses the metabolism of the growth of NOB, finally realizes stable short distance nitration reaction in whole process.
Know-why: sludge digestion liquid is typical high NH
4 +-N, low C/N waste water.The basicity of sludge digestion liquid only is NH
4 +4～6 times of-N, complete nitrated basicity deficiency, the pH value excessively reduces when nitrated.For high NH
4 +The sludge digestion liquid denitrogenation of-N, low C/N ratio is if can realize high NO
2 --N cumulative percentage short distance nitration utilizes carbon source limited in the sludge digestion liquid to carry out the part denitrification simultaneously, can save a large amount of denitrifying carbon sources.
The short distance nitration of nitrification liquid is mostly finished in the reactor of intermittent operation at present, and realizes short distance nitration because operational administrative simply and more is of practical significance in the reactor of Continuous Flow.Short distance nitration is realized in the environment of low dissolved axygen usually, and the short distance nitration of this research is to realize under the envrionment conditions of high-solubility oxygen, has higher NH
4 +-N rate of nitrification.
NH in the waste water
4 +-N is different because of the pH value, and the ammonia of molecular state and ionic state exists with different ratios.FA has the obvious suppression effect to nitrification, and NOB belongs to the inhibition that is more vulnerable to FA than AOB, and the FA of 0.1～1.0mg/L will suppress the activity of Nitrosomas.Have only when FA reaches 10～100mg/L and just can exert an influence the AOB activity.NO in the while waste water
2 --N is different because of the pH value, and the nitrite of molecular state and ionic state exists with different ratios, and along with the continuous reduction of pH value, the ratio of FNA improves constantly.FNA has the obvious suppression effect to NOB, and NOB is more vulnerable to the inhibition of FNA than AOB, and the FNA of 0.02mg/L will suppress the activity of NOB.Have only when FNA reaches 0.40mg/L and just can exert an influence the AOB activity.
Because the nitrated of high ammonia nitrogen finished gradually, and pH value constantly reduces, and then also gradually reduction of the concentration of free ammonia FA, but need only FA concentration＞0.1mg/L will be kept the restraining effect of FA to NOB at the leading portion of short distance nitration reactor.At the back segment of reactor, because NH
4 +-N concentration and pH value significantly reduce, and cause FA to level off to 0mg/L, and then lose the restraining effect to NOB.But this moment is because most ammonia-nitrogen is converted into NO
2 --N makes to be subjected to the inhibition of FNA like this at the rear end of reactor NOB by FNA concentration＞0.01mg/L.FA and FNA by reactor leading portion and back segment higher concentration realized stable short distance nitration to the selective inhibitory of NOB so respectively.
The concise and to the point process of described sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration is: sludge digestion liquid and settling tank returned sluge in 30%～150% ratio, are pumped into the anoxia stirring district of short distance nitration reactor respectively, make the NO in the returned sluge
2 --N and NO
3 --N utilizes the organic carbon source in the former water to carry out the part denitrification; The muddy water mixed solution of oxygen-starved area enters into aerobic zone, finishes high NH
4 +The short distance nitration of-N.At aerobic zone NH
4 +-N is oxidized to NO
2 --N and minor N O
3 --N realizes high NO
2 -The short distance nitration of-N cumulative percentage.Mixed solution in the short distance nitration reactor flow into settling tank and carries out mud-water separation, and mud flows to the oxygen-starved area of short distance nitration reactor by the sludge stream blowback, and supernatant liquor flow into water tank overflow water outlet.
Pass through FA and the FNA that the present invention relates to jointly control and realize sludge digestion liquid short range nitrifying method compared with prior art, have following advantage:
1) traditional method that directly is back to main flow area with sludge digestion liquid relatively, in this technology, sludge digestion liquid is realized NH
4 +The short distance nitration of-N, and utilize the limited carbon source in the Digestive system to finish certain denitrification.Enter into main flow area through after the pre-treatment, can save a large amount of organic carbon sources, improving the municipal effluent denitrogenation dephosphorizing efficient of low C/N ratio, improving effluent quality;
2) primary sludge Digestive system and recycling effluent at first utilize the organic carbon source in the former water to carry out denitrification denitrogenation in the oxygen-starved area, reclaim basicity simultaneously and improve oxygen-starved area pH value;
3) with sludge digestion liquid nitration processes such as SHARON relatively, this technology needn't control reaction temperature and sludge age, thereby has very high biomass, improved reactor the volumetric loading rate, reduce the pond and hold, and then saved construction and working cost;
4) realize NH by short distance nitration
4 +The efficient short distance nitration of-N is not only saved 25% aeration rate, and saves 40% the required carbon source of denitrification, and this denitrogenation to the sludge digestion liquid that carbon source lacks is most important;
5) utilize the water quality characteristics of Digestive system, in nitrifying process by basicity and NH
4 +The proportionlity of-N realizes and keeps stable short distance digestion by FA and FNA associating biological control;
6) recycling effluent not only can be finished denitrification, reclaims basicity when realizing denitrogenation, improves the pH of system value, and can dilute the high NH of water inlet
4 +-N concentration only suppresses FA concentration, but does not suppress AOB to NOB, thereby forms short distance nitration.Keep short distance nitration by the impact load prevention of FA because of the adaptability of NOB simultaneously;
7) short distance nitration is realized in the environment of low dissolved axygen usually, and realize under the envrionment conditions of the tangible high-solubility oxygen of short distance nitration of this research, have higher NH
4 +-N rate of nitrification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for jointly controlling the apparatus structure synoptic diagram of realizing sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration by FA and FNA.
Embodiment
Be further described the present invention is novel below in conjunction with drawings and Examples: embodiment 1:
The present invention jointly controls realization sludge digestion liquid short range nitrifying method by FA and FNA,
Sludge digestion liquid is taken from the digested sludge dehydration workshop of municipal sewage plant, Gaobeidian City, Beijing, is typical sludge digestion liquid.This sludge digestion liquid water quality: COD 100～250mg/l; NH
4 +-N 250～400mg/l; SS 30～100mg/l; Basicity 1200～2300mg/l; TP 20～35mg/l; PH value 7.0～7.6.This sludge digestion liquid is typical high NH
4 +The sludge digestion liquid of the low C/N ratio of-N.Test is made up of raw water box, short distance nitration reactor, settling tank, water tank as shown in Figure 1.The useful volume of former water tank is 500L.The useful volume of short distance nitration reactor is 45L, and reactor size is L * B * H=90 * 10 * 50cm, is divided into 9 lattice chambers, and central dividing plate is connected by staggered up and down aperture, and the 1st lattice chamber is the anoxia stirring district, and lattice chamber the 2nd～9 is aerobic short distance nitration district.The diameter D=20cm of settling tank, height H=50cm, the diameter D=1.5cm of pipe core.
Concrete operating process is as follows:
Guarantee that short distance nitration reactor 2 water side FA＞1mg/L's is tactful as follows: at first improving NH
4 +Under the prerequisite of the nitrated rate of-N,, utilize the CO of perforated pipe aerating regulation simultaneously by the denitrification recovery basicity of short distance nitration reactor 2 oxygen-starved areas 2.6
2The stripping effect makes short distance nitration reactor pH value＞7.8, and then keeps higher FA concentration.When the comprehensive action of denitrification and aeration stripping still can not be kept water side FA＞1mg/L, raising water outlet NH that can be suitable
4 +-N concentration is kept FA＞1mg/L.
Start the feed-water end that sludge reflux pump 3.1 is back to the mud of settling tank 3 short distance nitration reactor 2.Open air control valve 2.4, the flow of gas meter 2.3 is adjusted into 150L/h, booster air pump 2.1 carries out aeration through corundum aeration head 2.5.Finish the oxidation and the high NH of residual organic substances in the aeration zone
4 +The short distance nitration of-N.Short distance nitration reactor mixed solution enters the pipe core 3.4 of settling tank IV by rising pipe 4.3, and uniform water distribution in settling tank then carries out mud-water separation.Supernatant liquor enters into water tank 4 by effluent recycling pipe 3.3 after the mud-water separation, and final outflow water overflows system by upflow tube 4.2.
Long run test result shows: short distance nitration reactor water outlet COD＜100mg/L, NO
x -The maximum material removal rate of-N is 20%～40%, is nitrated recovery part basicity simultaneously.The COD concentration that short distance nitration reactor II water outlet is lower, wherein about 50% COD is difficult to biochemistry, and this is high NH
4 +-N is in the nitrated favourable condition of having created of short distance nitration reactor.The NH of primary sludge Digestive system
4 +-N concentration is 250～400mg/l, the maximum NH of short distance nitration reactor
4 +It is 0.50Kg NH that-N removes speed
4 +-N/m
3D, at 14～30 ℃, NH
4 +The clearance of-N about 60%～80%, NO
2 --N cumulative percentage is 75%～85%.Because the deficiency of former water organic carbon source makes system's inorganic nitrogen TIN clearance 20%～50%.
Claims (2)
1. one kind jointly controls the device of realizing sludge digestion liquid short distance nitration by free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA), it is characterized in that: be provided with raw water box (1), short distance nitration reactor (2), settling tank (3) and water tank (4); The short distance nitration reactor is equally divided into 9 lattice chambers in the longitudinal direction, lattice chamber the 1st is anoxia stirring district (2.6), be provided with speed governing agitator (2.10) in this district, remaining 8 lattice chamber is aerobic zone (2.9), according to the water (flow) direction aperture that is crisscross arranged up and down is the flowing hole of 15mm, and DO on-line controller (2.7) and pH value on-line controller (2.8) are installed in aerobic zone; Air pump (2.1) is connected with the aeration head that is located at reactor bottom (2.5) by inlet pipe (2.2), gas meter (2.3), air volume regulating valve (2.4); Raw water box is connected with anoxia stirring district (2.6) by intake pump (1.1), water absorption tube (1.2), pressure pipe (1.3); The short distance nitration reactor connects the pipe core (3.4) of settling tank by rising pipe (2.11), below pipe core, be provided with taper reflector (3.6), settling tank is provided with sample cock (3.5) from top to bottom, and settling tank is connected with the anoxia stirring district (2.6) of short distance nitration reactor by sludge reflux pump (3.1), mud valve (3.2), effluent recycling pipeline (3.3); The rising pipe of settling tank (3.7) connects water tank, and raw water box and water tank are provided with blow-off valve (1.4,4.1) respectively, and water tank also is provided with rising pipe (4.3) and overflow pipe (4.2).
2. device according to claim 1 jointly controls by free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA) realizes sludge digestion liquid short range nitrifying method, and its feature may further comprise the steps:
1) system starts: with the dilution proportion of sludge digestion liquid usefulness tap water according to 1: 1, Digestive system after then will diluting is full of the short distance nitration reactor, then will be added to from the active sludge that urban sewage plant aeration tank is obtained the short distance nitration reactor, the mixed solution sludge concentration MLSS that adds back short distance nitration reactor is 3000-4000mg/L;
Adjustment operation when 2) moving:
(1) according to Digestive system NH
4 +The variation of-N concentration, fluctuation range are 300～1000mg/L, regulate the flooding quantity of short distance nitration reactor, promptly as Digestive system NH
4 +When-N concentration has a more substantial increase, then suitably reduce flooding velocity, and as Digestive system NH
4 +-N concentration has when reducing by a relatively large margin, then suitably increases flooding velocity, the NH of intaking the most at last
4 +-N load is controlled at 0.2～0.7Kg NH
4 +-N/m
3In the scope of d; Control water inlet pH value is 6.5～8.0 simultaneously, when pH value＜6.5, adds NaHCO
3Improve the pH value, the pH value of Digestive system can not be higher than 8.0 usually; Pass through NH like this
4 +-N load is 30-15mg/L with the free ammonia FA concentration range that the oxygen-starved area of short distance nitration reactor is kept in the control of pH value, in order to suppress NO
2 -The growth metabolism of-N oxidation bacterium NOB, but do not suppress NH substantially
4 +-N oxidation bacterium AOB;
(2) along with NH
4 +The carrying out that-N is nitrated, in the 6-lattice chamber the 8th of aerobic zone, the pH value will constantly reduce, and this moment, FA concentration was reduced to below the 0.1mg/L gradually, lost the restraining effect to NOB; When last lattice chamber pH value＜5.5, then add NaHCO at Yuan Shui
3, make influent alkalinity and NH
4 +The ratio of-N makes the basicity＞100mgCaCO of last lattice chamber 7.2
3/ L, and then the pH value of keeping 6-lattice chamber the 8th is at 5.5-6.5; Because NH
4 +-N constantly is oxidized to nitrous acid nitrogen NO by AOB
2 --N, NO at this moment
2 --N concentration is brought up to 100～300mg/L; By the pH value is controlled at 5.5-6.5, produced the NO of 100～300mg/L simultaneously like this
2 --N makes the free nitrous acid FNA concentration of 6-lattice chamber the 8th at 0.05-0.20mg/L, suppresses the metabolism of the growth of NOB, finally realizes stable short distance nitration reaction in whole process.
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