CN1096723C - 具有小自感系数的电触头 - Google Patents

具有小自感系数的电触头 Download PDF

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CN1096723C
CN1096723C CN96197629A CN96197629A CN1096723C CN 1096723 C CN1096723 C CN 1096723C CN 96197629 A CN96197629 A CN 96197629A CN 96197629 A CN96197629 A CN 96197629A CN 1096723 C CN1096723 C CN 1096723C
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CN1200200A (zh
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D·G·格拉贝
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Whitaker LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H01R13/2435—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted with opposite contact points, e.g. C beam
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
    • H01R12/51—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/52—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to other rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/02—Arrangements of circuit components or wiring on supporting structure
    • H05K7/10—Plug-in assemblages of components, e.g. IC sockets
    • H05K7/1053—Plug-in assemblages of components, e.g. IC sockets having interior leads
    • H05K7/1061—Plug-in assemblages of components, e.g. IC sockets having interior leads co-operating by abutting
    • H05K7/1069—Plug-in assemblages of components, e.g. IC sockets having interior leads co-operating by abutting with spring contact pieces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/712—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures co-operating with the surface of the printed circuit or with a coupling device exclusively provided on the surface of the printed circuit
    • H01R12/714—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures co-operating with the surface of the printed circuit or with a coupling device exclusively provided on the surface of the printed circuit with contacts abutting directly the printed circuit; Button contacts therefore provided on the printed circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Abstract

一种连接器用电触头，以提供具有小的总体高度和大工作范围的触头结构，并且降低由极薄材料制成的触头的自感效应。该连接器(30)位于相互对置的电接触面之间，电触头包括大致扁平的触头件(10)，它具有第一和第二主表面(11，12)。触头件包括一对由弹性弯曲部分(16)连接的分开的弹性臂(14，15)。弹性臂的自由端具有形成触鼻(17，18)的向外凸出的外缘，与对应的接触面相接。从自由端伸出的短臂朝相互靠近的方向延伸。短臂(19，20)相互偏置，使短臂(19)的第一主表面(11)与短臂(20)的第二主表面(12)共面。当弹性臂由偏转而相互靠拢时，短臂(14，15)的共面表面(11，12)相互啮合，从而在触鼻(17，18)之间形成一短的电通路。

Description

具有小自感系数的电触头
本发明涉及一种极薄的电触头，它的短触片相互间可啮合，以降低在触头内产生的自感。
公知的电子封装件具有安装在球形栅阵列(BGA)或表面栅阵列(LGA)中的引线。这些封装件的高度较低，这对于在电子组件中节省空间是有利的。这种封装件可以采用焊接方式直接在电路板上实现面安装，其中导线焊接在相应的电路板的焊盘阵列上。但是焊接连接的缺点是当需要替换或升级封装件时，该元件不易取下。于是人们非常希望提供这样一种连接器，它能以可分离方式将电子封装件安装在电路板上。
目前已存在将BGA或LGA封装件可拆卸地安装在电路板上的连接器，例如由美国专利4,511,197、4,513,353、4,647,124和4,699,593所公开的连接器。这些连接器包括一个位于电子封装件和电路板之间的扁平的绝缘壳体。这个壳体带有一排空腔，其内容纳电触头，这些触头的布置与电子封置装件的引线相对应。每个触头附有一对反向延伸的触鼻，它们凸出到连接器外壳的外表面之外，当封装件安装到连接器上时，每个触头上有一个触鼻与该封装件的一个对应引线相接触，另一触鼻则与电路板上的一个对应的焊盘相接触。在该封装件和电路板上施加一个压力，以保证每个触鼻与其对应的引线或焊盘牢固接触。这个压力一般可以通过固定到一起的压板提供，这些压板把封装件、连接器和电路板一起夹紧在其中。
在封装电子器件时，必须考虑横向和纵向空间的极限，而且组件的类型经常支配和左右空间极限的参数。例如，在封装重叠首位(laptop)计算机时，可利用的纵向空间比横向空间更有限。未来的重叠首位计算机的设计要求连接器仅有0.032英寸高，工作范围仅有0.015英寸。这个工作范围占据了连接器总高度的相当大的百分比，这使触头的设计非常困难。于是，本发明的目的之一是提供一种具有小的总体高度和大工作范围的触头结构。
此外，现代电气设备可以在极高的开关频率下运行，从而可能产生严重的自感效应，它会干扰设备的正常运行。通过减小触头电流通路的长度可以降低自感效应。但是，设计上又要求触头具有较长的弹性臂，以便满足柔性要求，即允许触头偏转但不会塑性变形。为了解决上述相互矛盾的问题，现有的触头带有满足柔性的弹性臂和一个与该弹性臂的自由端相互连接的短臂，以便提供一个通过触头的较短的电流通路。美国专利文献US4,354,729中公开了这样一种触头结构，其中的短臂带有一个与锁紧臂的侧边缘滑动接触的侧边缘。这种结构的触头体积显著减小，并且随着触头的厚度变薄，但存在臂和侧缘的匹配非常困难的问题。于是，本发明的又一目的在于降低由极薄材料制成的触头的自感效应。
在相互对置的电接触面之间的电连接器的电触头包括一个具有第一和第二主面的大致扁平的触件。这个触件包括一对由一弹性弯曲部分连接的分离的弹性臂。这个弹性臂的每个自由端具有一个触鼻形式的向外凸的外缘，触鼻与对应的那个接触面相接触。对应的短臂从每个自由端朝着接近另一短臂的方向延伸，短臂之间有一个偏移，当弹性臂偏转相互靠拢时，短臂相互重叠，一个短臂的第一主面与另一短臂的第二主面相配合，从而在触鼻之间形成一个缩短了的电通路。
下面结合附图举例说明本发明，在不同的附图中的相同器件采用相同的标号定义，其中：
图1和2是从相反的两侧展示本发明的触头的等轴图；
图3是触头的侧视图；
图4是带有可容纳触头的空腔的连接器的局部顶视图；
图5是连接器内空腔的放大视图；
图6是空腔内插入触头的放大视图；
图7是电接触面之间的连接器中触头的剖面图，该触头处于不偏转状态；
图8是沿图7的剖线8-8的剖面图；
图9是电接触器之间的连接器中触头的剖面图，该触头处于偏转状态；
图10是沿图9的剖线10-10的剖面图。
现结合实施例说明本发明：
参见图1-3，本发明的触头最好由薄板材冲压形成一大致扁平的触头件10，它具有与冲压料的表面相对应的第一和第二主表面11，12，厚度大约为0.0045英寸厚。触头件10包括一对弹性臂14，15，它们的一端由一弹性弯曲部分16相连。弯曲部分16最好是一个弓形段，它增强了触头件平面内的柔韧性，尽管这个弯曲部分16也可以设计成在弹性臂14，15的交汇处形成一个锐角。在优选的实施例中，弯曲部分16从触头的中心轴A处打开。
当触头处于未偏转状态时，臂14、15分开一定尺寸。尽管这些臂可以相互平行放置，但是它们从所述弯曲部分16伸出时，呈一定角度岔开。当弹性臂从弯曲部分伸出时，略微伸出触头件的平面。这些臂的自由端带有向外凸出的边缘，形成一对相互对置的触鼻17、18，每个触鼻与电路器件的对应球体或焊盘相接触。对应的短臂19、20从各自由端相向地延伸。由于弹性臂稍微偏离触头件的平面延伸，短臂彼此略微相互错开布置，其原因将在下面详细说明。
电连接器里的触头用于连接第一电接触面和第二电接触面，前者例如电子封装件的引线，后者则例如电路板上的电通路。图4所示的这种连接器的顶视图中，连接器包括连接器本体30，它用塑料或其他绝缘材料制成，带有多个触头腔32。空腔32成排布置，与要安装在连接器上的电子封装件的引线排相对应。每个空腔32是一个细长槽，它从连接器顶部一直伸到底部。如图5和6所示，每个空腔32具有一个触头固位区33，它由相对置的表面34，35所限定，这两个表面被分隔开一选定的尺寸，这样当触头插入空腔内时，对靠近弯曲部分的触头件就会产生轻度压配合。
图7和8表示在连接器30内处于未偏转状态时典型触头10的剖视图，用于将电子封装件2电连接到印刷电路板6上。这种封装件的电引线采用接触片4的形式，这些引线呈标准阵列安置在封装件的表面上。如果不用接触片形式，封装件可采用一排焊球，本发明的触头可与焊球或焊片式引线相触合。电路板6带有一排与封装件的触片排相对应的焊盘8。当封装件2紧压着连接器30时，触头的触鼻17，18与触片4，8相触合。封装件紧压住连接器可以靠压板(未示出)的作用来实现，该压板布置在封装件之上和电路板之下，靠螺纹紧固在一起，从而将封装件，连接器和电路板夹紧在当中。
从图8可清楚看出，短臂19的第一主表面11大致与短臂20的第二主表面12共面。因此，短臂根据触头的偏斜变位情况随时可沿其相应主表面相互配合。
当连接器夹在封装件和电路板之间时，触头被压至偏转变位状态，如图9和10所示，从而使弹性臂14，15偏转到相互靠拢的位置。在这个位置，短臂19，20重叠，从图10可清楚看出，短臂19的第一主表面11与另一短臂20的第二主表面12相接触，从而在触鼻17、18之间产生一个短而直的电通路。这个较短的电通路比经过两弹性臂14，15延伸的长电通路的电阻值低。当然电流将更多地流过短的电通路，与经过弹性臂的较长的电通路相比，较短的电通路的自感效应较小。短臂沿其主表面而不是其侧边缘的啮合，避免了仅具有0.0045英寸厚度的极薄的侧边缘的校直对正和相互配合的问题。
当触头受压时，由于弹性臂14、15之间角度的改变，触鼻17、18沿触盘4、8产生轻微的扫动。这个扫动通过摩擦可起到清除触片4，8上积累的污物和氧化物的作用。
本发明的触头最好用弹性强化合金制成，其主要成分由贵金属构成，例如钯、金或银，以及镍和其他非贵重金属。关于材料的选择，除了弹性特征外，还要考虑触头与焊铅匹配时，不出现焊铅中的锡合金过渡到触头的现象。在非贵重金属中，铍镍合金可和上述贵金属一样满足要求。由于这些材料特别昂贵，高效地利用材料是设计弹性触头形状的重要因素。本发明充分有效地利用了材料，在材料条上直接形成触头，触头结构相当紧凑，这样可尽可能减少冲压后剩余的废料。
本发明的触头具有多个优选性。触头可以做得非常小，却有很大的柔性，因而具有很大的工作范围，大约是其未偏转时高度的50％。该触头的短臂可减少自感效应。短臂沿其主表面接触，避免了极薄的边缘相互啮合对正校准的麻烦。而且，触头的形状能够减少制造期间产生的废料。
本发明在上面已予以详细介绍，本领域的技术人员显然依此可实现多种变型。而且本发明并不局限于上述优选实施例，同样地包括与上述实施例相当的范围，要参照所附的权利要求的内容而不是上述实施例，以确定本发明的要求独占权的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种电触头，用在位于相互对置的电接触面之间的电连接器(30)中，它具有大致扁平的触头件(10)，它包含第一和第二主表面(11，12)，触头件(10)包括一对由弹性弯曲部分(16)连接的分开的弹性臂(14，15)，弹性臂(14，15)的每个自由端具有形成触鼻(17，18)的向外凸出的外缘，每个触鼻与一个对应的电接触面相接触，
其特征在于，从每个自由端大致相向地延伸出的短臂(19，20)互相偏移，当弹性臂(14，15)因偏转相互靠拢时，短臂(19，20)相互重叠，短臂(19)的第一主表面(11)与另一短臂(20)的第二主表面(12)相啮合，从而在触鼻(17，18)之间形成一个短的电通路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电触头，其特征在于短臂(19)的第一主表面(11)与另一短臂(20)的第二主表面(12)大体共面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电触头，其特征在于弯曲部分(16)是该触头件(10)的弓形部分。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电触头，其特征在于弯曲部分(16)沿触头体(10)的中心轴等分。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的电触头，其特征在于弹性臂(14，15)从弯曲部分(16)有角度地岔开。
CN96197629A 1995-08-31 1996-08-30 具有小自感系数的电触头 Expired - Fee Related CN1096723C (zh)

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US08/521,704 US5653598A (en) 1995-08-31 1995-08-31 Electrical contact with reduced self-inductance
US08/521,704 1995-08-31

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CN1200200A CN1200200A (zh) 1998-11-25
CN1096723C true CN1096723C (zh) 2002-12-18

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EP (1) EP0847603B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3247115B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR19990044291A (zh)
CN (1) CN1096723C (zh)
DE (1) DE69602202T2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997008781A1 (zh)

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CN1200200A (zh) 1998-11-25
US5653598A (en) 1997-08-05
EP0847603B1 (en) 1999-04-21
JP3247115B2 (ja) 2002-01-15
DE69602202D1 (de) 1999-05-27
DE69602202T2 (de) 1999-11-25
WO1997008781A1 (en) 1997-03-06
KR19990044291A (ko) 1999-06-25
EP0847603A1 (en) 1998-06-17
JPH11512229A (ja) 1999-10-19

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