CN109664544B - Automatic pressing device for powder materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic pressing device for powder materials, which comprises a forming die frame, wherein a pressing platform, a middle template and a lower template are sequentially arranged from high to low. The middle template is fixed on the support, the lower template is connected with the pressing platform through a pull rod penetrating through the middle template, and the lower template is driven by the first pushing cylinder to be linked with the pressing platform to lift relative to the middle template. The pressing platform is provided with a die cavity, and the upper part of the middle die plate is provided with a lower punch corresponding to the die cavity. The pressing platform is provided with an upper template, and the lower part of the upper template is provided with an upper punch corresponding to the die cavity. The upper template is driven by the second pushing cylinder to lift relative to the pressing platform. The pressing platform is provided with a linear track, a sliding block is arranged on the track, and an automatic part taking device is arranged on the sliding block and comprises a clamping arm and a third pushing cylinder, wherein the third pushing cylinder drives the clamping arm to approach to the die cavity so as to clamp and demould the formed part. The slider is driven to slide reciprocally along the linear track. The automatic workpiece taking device can realize automatic workpiece taking, reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve the automation degree of production and the stability of product quality.

Description

An automatic pressing device for powder materials

technical field

The invention relates to a pressing and forming process for powder materials, in particular to an automatic pressing device for powder materials.

Background technique

The existing powder material pressing device mainly includes a pressing platform (the pressing platform is provided with at least one die cavity), an upper die punch, a lower die punch, a hydraulic transmission mechanism, a limit device and a timer. For example, the molding process of friction discs or friction blocks includes steps: ① Material injection: Manually, first weigh the powder material required for a friction block, calculate the appropriate cavity volume according to the loose density of the powder, and adjust the size of the lower die punch. position so that the cavity meets the volume, and then fill the weighed friction block powder into the cavity; then fill the mold cavity with an appropriate amount of transition layer powder, and then place the friction block metal backing plate on the top layer of the powder ;2 Pressing: Set parameters such as pressing pressure and holding time, and execute the pressing process; The blank, realizes the pressing process of a friction block. Since a single friction block is relatively small, multiple mold cavities are generally designed in one pressing platform, and multiple friction blocks can be pressed simultaneously.

The molding process of the above-mentioned powder material has the following disadvantages:

①In the prior art, the transition layer connection method requires two artificial cloths (that is, the friction material powder is first filled into the mold cavity, and then the transition layer powder is filled into the mold cavity), which is labor-intensive and labor-cost high; ② The auxiliary work time such as material weighing and filling is long, and the production efficiency is low; ③ During the material transportation or filling process, due to the large difference in specific gravity/particle size of each component in the powder, it is easy to cause component segregation, which is not conducive to forming blanks The consistency of the components in each part of the body affects the quality and performance of the final sintered product; ④ The mechanical strength of the green compact is low, and manual demolding and removal after the pressing is completed will easily cause damage to the green compact, which in turn affects final performance. In addition, there are many human factors in the prior art, which easily lead to large individual differences in different batches of products, and the product quality in the same batch is unstable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic pressing device for powder materials, the device is provided with an automatic picking device and/or an automatic feeding device, with the help of the automatic picking device and/or the automatic feeding device, the After each press molding is completed, mechanized automatic pick-up and automatic feeding operations are carried out to reduce labor intensity and labor costs, improve the degree of automation of production, and reduce the proportion of human factors, thereby improving the large-scale production efficiency and quality of products stability.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical scheme adopted in the present invention includes:

An automatic pressing device for powder materials, comprising:

A forming die set includes a pressing platform, a middle template and a lower template, both ends of the middle template are fixed on the bottom bracket, the pressing platform and the lower template are respectively arranged above and below the middle template, and all the The pressing platform and the lower die frame are connected by tie rods, and the tie rods pass through the middle formwork but are not fixed with the middle formwork; a first pushing cylinder is installed between the middle formwork and the lower formwork, and the The two ends of a push cylinder are respectively connected to the middle platen and the lower platen; with the extension and retraction of the first push cylinder, the pressing platform can be lifted up and down in a straight line relative to the middle platen; the The pressing platform is provided with at least one mold cavity, the mold cavity penetrates the pressing platform, and the middle template is provided with a lower die punch corresponding to the die cavity, and the lower die punch is provided with a cross section matching the die cavity. ;

There is an upper die plate above the pressing platform, the upper die plate is provided with an upper die punch corresponding to the die cavity, the upper die punch is provided with a cross section matching the die cavity, and the upper die plate is formed by a second Driven by a pushing cylinder, with the help of the extension and retraction of the second pushing cylinder, the upper template can be lifted up and down in a straight line relative to the pressing platform;

A linear track is arranged on the pressing platform, and at least one slider that can slide relative to the linear track is arranged on the linear track. An automatic pick-up device is installed on the slider, and the automatic pick-up device includes a clamping device. arm and a third pushing cylinder, the end of the clamping arm is connected with a concave pick-up block; the clamping arm is driven by the third pushing cylinder to make the clamping arm approach or away from the mold cavity ; The sliding block is driven by a horizontal driving device, the horizontal driving device is arranged on one side of the linear track, and the sliding block is driven by the horizontal driving device to slide along the linear track.

Preferably, the horizontal driving device is a telescopic cylinder fixed at one end of the pressing platform, or the horizontal driving device includes a combined device of a motor, a gear and a toothed belt.

Preferably, the die cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the upper die punch and the lower die punch are cylindrical structures matched with the diameter of the die cavity. In other embodiments, the mold cavity is any other regular or irregular cylindrical cavity, and both the upper die and the lower die are provided with cylindrical structures matching the mold cavity.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pair of the linear rails are arranged on both sides of the mold cavity, and a pair of the clamping arms are respectively arranged on the pair of linear rails. Since the mold cavity is cylindrical, the concave pick-up blocks are preferably set as arc-shaped openings, so that a pair of concave pick-up blocks can be clamped on both sides of the cylindrical pressing part to achieve stable clamping. Preferably, a rubber buffer layer is provided on the outer surface of the concave pick-up block or the concave pick-up block is made of rubber material.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an automatic feeding device is further installed on the sliding block, and the automatic feeding device includes a pre-pressing feeding barrel. The barrel shell, the inner diameter of the barrel shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the mold cavity; a pressure plate matching the inner cavity of the barrel shell is arranged above the barrel shell, and there is a central column in the center of the lower bottom surface of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is controlled by a pre-compression cylinder It moves up and down; the bottom of the barrel is provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is opened when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure threshold, so that the powder in the barrel is pre-extruded into a columnar body, and the bottom of the barrel is opened from the bottom of the barrel. It leaks out and falls into the cavity, and the pressure threshold is 5% to 10% of the pressing pressure.

The bottom plate is provided with a pressure sensor and a bottom plate driving device, and the bottom plate driving device can be a small telescopic cylinder. The bottom plate consists of two pieces, which are symmetrically joined to the left and right to close the bottom of the barrel shell. When the pressure of the blank in the barrel shell on the bottom plate reaches a certain preset value, the bottom plates on the left and right sides are separated to both sides, and the bottom of the barrel shell is opened. The powder that has been pre-pressed into a column is leaked from the bottom of the barrel. In order to adapt to the shape of the mold cavity H (through holes are to be formed in the center of the molding blank), a central column is provided on the lower bottom surface of the center of the pressing plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feeding device is further included, and the feeding device performs quantitative feeding to the automatic feeding device; the feeding device comprises a constant-volume feeding pipe, and the constant-volume supplying The material pipe includes a vertically arranged powder storage pipe, the upper end opening of which is correspondingly connected to the powder silo, and the lower end opening is connected to the pre-pressing feeding barrel through a screw feeder; the openings at both ends of the powder storage pipe are respectively provided with an upper pneumatic butterfly valve and an upper pneumatic butterfly valve. Lower the pneumatic butterfly valve, and the pitch of the screw feeder is 0.5cm to 5cm. The diameter of the powder storage tube and the height between the upper and lower pneumatic butterfly valves can be adaptively replaced according to the powder required by the molding embryo to be pressed to achieve constant volume feeding.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding device further includes an automatic weighing instrument, the automatic weighing instrument includes a feeding port and a material discharging port, and the feeding port of the automatic weighing instrument is correspondingly provided. At the lower end of the powder storage tube, the discharge port is correspondingly connected to the upper end of the pre-pressing feeding barrel. The automatic weighing instrument has a display screen or a language reporting device. When the powder from the constant volume feeding tube is obviously insufficient or excessive, it will issue a proposal for the staff to make appropriate adjustments and calibration.

Wherein, the upper and lower ends of the constant volume feeding pipe are respectively connected with the powder silo and the automatic weighing instrument through quick joints, and the quick joints include soft connections, such as rubber sleeve connections.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a release agent spraying device is further installed on the slider, and the automatic pick-up device is located between the automatic feeding device and the release agent spraying device; The mold release agent spraying device includes a spray head and a hose for spraying the mold release agent downward, the spray head is fixedly connected to the slider through a connecting arm, one end of the hose is connected to the spray head, and the other end of the hose is connected to the mold release agent storage tank.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a demolding protection device is provided between the second pushing cylinder and the upper template, the demolding protection device is an intermediate cylinder, and the intermediate cylinder The cylinder body is connected with the piston rod of the second pushing cylinder, and the piston rod of the intermediate cylinder is connected with the upper template.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an upper limit device is provided between the upper mold plate and the pressing platform, and the upper limit device includes a buffer limit cylinder arranged near the edge of the upper mold plate. The limit cylinder includes a cylinder block, a piston rod and an adjusting bolt, the cylinder block is mounted on the upper template, and the lower end of the piston rod is threadedly connected with the adjusting bolt. According to the specific requirements of the distance between the upper template and the pressing platform, the distance from the lower end of the adjusting bolt to the upper template is adjusted to achieve the purpose of limiting.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lower limit device is provided between the pressing platform and the middle platen, which includes a lateral limit cylinder horizontally installed on the middle platen. The cylinder body of the positioning cylinder is fixed on the middle template, the end of the piston rod of the lateral limiting cylinder is connected with a limiting slider, and the lower bottom surface of the pressing platform is installed with a limit corresponding to the limiting slider. piece.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide post is fixed on the pressing platform, the upper template is provided with a guide cylinder matched with the guide post, and the guide cylinder is slidably matched with the guide post to guide the The upper die plate is guided to move vertically up and down relative to the pressing platform, so as to prevent the upper die punch from deviating from the die cavity and cause damage to the upper die punch or the die cavity.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The automatic pressing device for powder materials of the present invention includes an automatic pick-up device, which realizes automatic removal of the pressed product, and prevents the powder compacted product from being broken and damaged due to improper operation when manually picking up the product.

The automatic pressing device for powder materials of the present invention also includes an automatic feeding device and a feeding device, which can realize automatic quantitative feeding of powder materials into the mold cavity, meet the needs of batch injection of multi-layer powder materials, reduce labor costs, and increase the amount of powder materials added. It can accurately control the quantity, improve the degree of production automation and production efficiency, reduce the proportion of manual participation, avoid problems such as inaccurate feeding and pickup damage caused by human factors, improve the yield rate, and effectively ensure the quality and stability of products.

In the present invention, the powder can be pre-pressed before being added to the mold cavity H in the pre-pressing feeding barrel, and each component is relatively fixed by pre-pressing, so as to prevent the various components in the powder from being damaged due to the large difference in specific gravity/particle size. It causes component segregation, which is beneficial to the consistency of components in each part of the pressed green body, and improves the quality and performance of the final sintered product.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic top view of an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention including an upper template and a pressing platform.

3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic feeding device in an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a mold release agent spraying device in an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram of a feeding device of an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is an overall schematic diagram of an automatic pressing device for powder materials according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a forming die frame 20 . The forming die base 20 includes a pressing platform 21 , a middle die plate 22 and a lower die plate 23 . Both ends of the middle template 22 are fixed on the bottom bracket 40 (the bottom bracket 40 can be fixed on the ground or other work base), the pressing platform 21 and the lower template 23 are respectively arranged above and below the middle template 22 and the two are fixed by the pull rod L1 For connection, the tie rod L1 passes through the through hole on the middle template 22 and is not fixedly connected with the middle template 22 . A first pushing cylinder 24 is installed between the middle die plate 22 and the lower die plate 23 . The two ends of the first push cylinder 24 are respectively connected to the middle template 22 and the lower template 23. Therefore, through the extension and retraction of the first push cylinder 24 and the guiding effect of the pull rod L1, the pressing platform 21 can be Relative to the middle template 22, it ascends and descends in a straight line. The pressing platform 21 is provided with at least one cavity H, and the cavity H is a hole passing through the pressing platform 21. In this embodiment, H is a cylindrical through hole. The middle die plate 22 is provided with a lower die punch 221 corresponding to the die cavity H, and the lower die punch 221 is provided with a cross section matching the die cavity H.

An upper die plate 30 is provided above the pressing platform 21 . The upper template 30 may form an assembly relationship with the forming mold base 20 , or the upper template 30 may be a separate and independent component relative to the forming mold base 20 . The lower bottom surface of the upper die plate 30 is provided with an upper die punch 31 corresponding to the die cavity H, and the upper die punch 31 is provided with a cross section matching the die cavity H (same as the cross section of the lower die punch 221 ). The upper die plate 30 is driven by a second pushing cylinder 34 , and the upper die plate 30 can be lifted up and down in a straight line relative to the pressing platform 21 by means of the linear motion of the second pushing cylinder 34 extending and retracting. Preferably, in this embodiment, a guide post 211 is fixed on the pressing platform 21 , and the upper template 30 is provided with a guide cylinder 301 that cooperates with the guide post 211 . The upper die plate 30 moves vertically up and down relative to the pressing platform 21 to prevent the upper die punch 31 from deviating from the cavity H, which would cause the upper die punch 31 to break and the die cavity H to be damaged.

1-2, the pressing platform 21 is provided with linear rails R1 and R2, and the linear rails R1 and R2 are arranged on both sides of the cavity H in parallel and symmetrically. At least one sliding block is provided on the linear track R1 and/or R2. As shown in FIG. 2, the number of sliding blocks in this embodiment is 4, 2 first sliding blocks 51 and 1 second sliding block 52 and 1 a third slider 53 . In other embodiments, the number of sliding blocks is 2 or more, and the sliding blocks are respectively provided corresponding to the number of each automatic pick-up device, automatic feeding device and mold release agent spraying device. A clamping arm 61 is connected to the first sliding block 51 of R1 and the first sliding block 51 of R2 respectively, and the end of each clamping arm 61 is connected with a concave pick-up block 611 . Wherein, each clamping arm 61 is driven by the third pushing cylinder 64 ; specifically, the clamping arm 61 is set as the piston rod of the third pushing cylinder 64 or connected with the piston rod in a straight line. The third pushing cylinder 64 , the clamping arm 61 and the concave pick-up block 611 at the end thereof constitute the automatic pick-up device 60 . When the powder press molding in the mold cavity H is finished, the pressing platform 21 moves down to expose the molding. At this time, the first sliders 51 on the left and right linear rails R1 and R2 move to face the mold. At the position of the cavity H, the third pushing cylinder 61 is extended, and the two clamping arms 61 approach the molded part from both sides and clamp the molded part. Go, to achieve the purpose of automatic pickup.

2, the first slider 51, the second slider 52, the third slider 53, etc. are driven by a horizontal driving device 50 (the horizontal driving device 50 on the rail R1 side is not shown), the horizontal driving device It is arranged on one side of the linear track R1 or R2 to drive the first, second and third sliders 51 , 52 and 53 to reciprocate along the linear track R1 or R2 . The horizontal driving device 50 can be a telescopic cylinder fixed at one end of the pressing platform 21, or a combined device including a motor, a gear and a toothed belt. In this embodiment, the latter method is implemented, and at the same time, each of the first, second, and third sliding blocks 51, 52, and 53 is provided with a rack that engages with the toothed belt. The concave piece fetching block 611 is provided with an arc-shaped opening to match the cross-sectional shape of the press-molded part, so as to achieve a stable clamping and removal action and prevent the loss of the press-molded part. Preferably, the outer surface of the concave removal block 611 is provided with a rubber buffer layer or the whole is made of rubber material, to further ensure that the pressed product will not be damaged during removal. Wherein, the automatic pick-up device 60 can also clamp a metal back plate for pressing the friction block and put it into the mold cavity H, so the automatic pick-up device 60 also has the function of feeding material. In addition, a group of the automatic pick-up devices 60 can be additionally arranged, or a robot hand sliding along the linear track R1 or R2 can be separately arranged to grab the metal backboard, etc., instead of manually adding the metal backboard. operate.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a demolding protection device 35 is provided between the second pushing cylinder 34 and the upper template 30, which is an intermediate cylinder, and the cylinder body of the intermediate cylinder is connected with the piston rod of the second pushing cylinder 34, and The piston rod of the intermediate cylinder is connected to the upper template 30 . The middle cylinder plays the role of releasing the mold and keeping the pressure.

Further, an upper limit device is provided between the upper die plate 30 and the pressing platform 21, which includes a buffer limit cylinder 321 arranged near the edge of the upper die plate, and the buffer limit cylinder 321 includes a cylinder block 3211, a piston rod 3212 and an adjustment bolt 3213. , the cylinder 3211 is installed on the upper template 30, and the lower end of the piston rod 3212 is threadedly connected to the adjusting bolt 3213. According to the specific requirements of the distance between the upper template and the pressing platform, the distance from the lower end of the adjusting bolt 3213 to the upper template 30 is adjusted to achieve the purpose of limiting the distance.

Further, a lower limit device is provided between the pressing platform 21 and the middle template 22, which includes a lateral limit cylinder horizontally installed on the middle template 22, and the cylinder block 2231 of the lateral limit cylinder is fixed on the middle template 22, The end of the piston rod 2232 of the lateral limit cylinder is connected to the limit slider A, and the lower bottom surface of the pressing platform 21 is installed with a limit block B corresponding to the limit slider A to achieve the purpose of limiting the distance. The limit slider A can be replaced according to actual needs.

In addition, between the upper die plate 30 and the pressing platform 21, and between the pressing platform 21 and the middle die plate 22, a position detection device or a distance sensor, such as an infrared distance measuring sensor (not shown in the figure), can be arranged to help the staff to grasp the The relative positions of the die punch 31, the lower die punch 221 and the die cavity H are used to adjust the actual pressing volume of the die cavity H to the die cavity volume calculated according to the requirements of the pressed product and the loose powder density.

2 and 3 , an automatic feeding device 70 is further installed on the second sliding block 52 , which is fixedly connected to the second sliding block 52 through a bracket 71 . The automatic feeding device 70 includes a pre-pressing feeding barrel 72 , and the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72 includes a barrel shell with openings at both ends, and the inner diameter of the barrel shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the mold cavity H. The top of the barrel is provided with a pressing plate 721 that matches the inner cavity of the barrel. A central column 722 is provided in the center of the lower bottom surface of the pressing plate. The pressing plate is controlled by a pre-compression cylinder 723 to move up and down. The bottom of the barrel is provided with a bottom plate 724, which is opened when the bottom plate exceeds a certain pressure threshold, so that the powder in the barrel is pre-extruded into a columnar body and leaks from the bottom of the barrel to fall into the cavity H. After a powder pressing molding is finished and the molding is taken away, when it is necessary to charge the mold cavity H to press the next molding, the second sliding block 52 is driven by the horizontal driving device 50 to move to the same position as the mold H. Aligned position, at this time, the bottom of the preloading barrel 72 is aligned with the mold cavity H and injection is performed. By pre-extruding the powder into a mass in the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72, it is avoided that in the process of falling into the mold cavity H, the different components in the powder will cause obvious stratification due to the large disparity in specific gravity and particle size. Delamination will cause serious consequences such as segregation of components in the pressed body and poor performance of the final sintered product.

Preferably, the bottom plate 724 is provided with a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) and a bottom plate driving device 725 . The base plate drive 725 may be a smaller telescopic cylinder. The bottom plate consists of two pieces, which are symmetrically joined to the left and right, and the bottom of the barrel shell is closed. When the pressure of the blank in the barrel shell on the bottom plate 724 reaches a predetermined value, the bottom plates on the left and right sides are separated to both sides, and the bottom of the barrel shell is opened. , so that the pre-pressed columnar powder leaks out from the bottom of the barrel. In order to adapt to the structure of the cavity H (the cavity H or the lower die punch 221 needs to be provided with a corresponding structure because there are through holes in the middle of the final product), a central column 722 is provided on the bottom surface of the center of the pressing plate 721. The outer diameter should be larger than the outer diameter of the inner mold column of the mold cavity H, so that the pre-pressed powder can accurately fall into the appropriate position in the mold cavity H.

With reference to FIG. 5 , for further accurate quantitative feeding, the present invention further includes a feeding device, which is used for quantitative feeding to the automatic feeding device 70 . The feeding device includes a constant volume feeding tube 81 and an automatic weighing instrument 82 . The constant volume feeding pipe 81 includes a vertically arranged powder storage pipe 811 , the upper end opening of which is correspondingly connected to the large-capacity powder silo 83 , and the lower end opening correspondingly connected to the automatic weighing instrument 82 . The openings at both ends of the powder storage tube 811 are respectively provided with an upper pneumatic butterfly valve 811A and a lower pneumatic butterfly valve 811B. The two pneumatic butterfly valves are alternately opened at staggered intervals when feeding materials at constant volume. In actual production, the diameter of the powder storage tube 811, the height between the upper and lower pneumatic butterfly valves, and the time interval for the two pneumatic butterfly valves to turn over are adaptively replaced and controlled according to the powder required for the molding embryo to be pressed. , in order to achieve constant volume feeding. The upper pneumatic butterfly valve 811A and the lower pneumatic butterfly valve 811B are respectively driven by a miniature cylinder to realize inversion, and the miniature cylinder is connected to the gas station. This part is in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

The feeding port of the automatic weighing instrument 82 is correspondingly arranged at the lower end of the powder storage tube 811 , and the discharging port of the automatic weighing instrument 82 is correspondingly connected to the end of the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72 opposite to the discharging port 721 . The automatic weighing instrument 82 has a display screen or language reporting device for displaying the weighing result, which is used to check whether the weight conveyed by the constant volume feeding tube 81 is accurate. When it is found that the amount of powder is obviously insufficient or excessive, it will send corresponding prompts for making appropriate adjustments and controls. The bottom of the automatic weighing instrument 82 is an electronic scale with a weight sensor, and the bottom of the container containing the material is provided with a valve that can be controlled to be closed. Wherein, the upper and lower ends of the constant volume feeding pipe 81 are respectively connected with the powder silo 83 and the automatic weighing instrument 82 through quick joints.

Wherein, in order to reduce the lifting load of the pressing platform 21 , the feeding device can be arranged on the bracket 84 on one side of the pressing platform 21 , and the bracket 84 is provided independently of the pressing platform 21 , such as the one that can be installed beside the forming die frame 20 . On the ground, while the bottom of the automatic weighing instrument 82 is connected by a screw feeder to the preloading bucket 72. In order to reduce the segregation of different components in the powder due to the large disparity in specific gravity and particle size in the process of transferring the powder from the automatic weighing instrument 82 to the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72, the present invention preferably adopts a screw feeder to transport , and the pitch of the screw feeder is preferably 0.5cm to 5cm, and a denser pitch can reduce the component segregation of the powder. Through the screw feeder, the powder that needs to be transported to the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72 is divided and transported in the form of cutting into multiple sections, so as to reduce the bubbles or air sections inside the powder in the transport pipe, and relieve the component segregation phenomenon of the powder. , which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of powder components in each part of the compacted body.

In some embodiments, the powder silo 83 is suspended reciprocally by means of a truss, and the constant-volume feeding pipe 81 and the automatic weighing instrument 82 are sequentially connected below the powder silo 83 from top to bottom, and the automatic weighing instrument The bottom of 82 is connected to the pre-pressing feeding barrel 72 through a connecting pipe with a very smooth inner wall and a large inclination angle. Preferably, the powder bin 83 can reciprocate synchronously with the second sliding block 52 .

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4 , a mold release agent spraying device 90 is installed on the third slider 53 , as shown in FIG. 2 , from front to back are the automatic feeding device 70 , the automatic pick-up device 60 and the mold release agent. Spraying device 90 . The mold release agent spraying device 90 includes a spray head 91 and a hose 92 for spraying the mold release agent downward. The spray head 91 is fixedly connected to the second slider 52 through a connecting arm 911. Molding agent storage tank. The spray head 91 can spray the mold release agent, and spray the mold release agent on the surface of the pressed powder compact. The function of the release agent is to promote the smooth separation of the cured product from the cavity H, so as to obtain a smooth and flat product.

It should be noted that both the connecting arm 911 connecting the third sliding block 53 and the bracket 71 connecting the second sliding block 52 can be configured as a telescopic cylinder, and the connecting arm 911 can be used for supporting and routing the hose 92 .

Use the automatic pressing device of the above-mentioned powder material to carry out the production process of powder pressing and molding, comprising the following processing steps:

(1) Adjusting the mold cavity: According to the specifications of the friction block to be pressed and the powder loose density, calculate the actual working volume of the mold cavity H, so that the lower die punch 221 on the template 22 is relatively opposite to the mold cavity during the lifting adjustment of the first push cylinder 24. The relative position of the cavity H, and move to a predetermined position.

(2) Material injection: put a larger amount of friction block powder and transition layer powder into the large-capacity powder bin 83, respectively, and weigh the quantitative friction block powder and transition layer powder by the automatic weighing instrument 82. The material enters the two pre-pressing charging barrels 72, and the two pre-pressing charging barrels 72 are driven by the horizontal driving device 50 to move to the top of the mold cavity H in turn, and the discharging cylinder 723 opens the discharging plate 722, so that the friction block powder and the transition layer powder are The materials are sequentially injected into the mold cavity H, and then a metal back plate is clamped by the automatic pick-up device 60 and placed on the topmost layer of the powder material in the mold cavity H to complete the injection.

(3) Pressing: After the filling action is completed, the relative positions of the upper and lower die punches 31, 221 and the die cavity H are detected by the position detection device or the distance sensor, and the upper and lower limit devices. Under the second push cylinder 34 After reaching the appropriate relative position, the upper die plate 30 is driven by the second push cylinder 34, and the upper die punch 31 is used to shape and maintain the pressure of the powder material in the cavity H. After reaching the set pressure and pressure holding time, Automatic demolding starts.

(4) Demoulding: After the pressure holding is over, the demolding protection device 35 continues to press on the upper die plate 30, and then the die cavity H is under the action of the first push cylinder 24, the pressed part is exposed to the die cavity H, and the upper die punch 31 automatically After returning, the pressed part is clamped and moved out by the clamping arm 61 of the automatic pick-up device 60 .

(5) Spraying release agent: after the removal of the parts is completed, spray the release agent into the cavity H through the nozzle 91 of the release agent spraying device 90 .

The automatic pressing device for powder materials of the present invention is used for pressing and molding powder materials and can be used for making friction blocks, and has the technical effects of greatly reducing labor costs, improving product yield, improving product quality stability and improving production efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. An automatic pressing device for powder materials, comprising:

the forming die set comprises a pressing platform, a middle die plate and a lower die plate, wherein two ends of the middle die plate are fixed on a bottom support, the pressing platform and the lower die plate are respectively arranged above and below the middle die plate, the pressing platform and the lower die plate are connected through a pull rod, and the pull rod penetrates through the middle die plate but is not fixed with the middle die plate; a first pushing cylinder is arranged between the middle template and the lower template, and two ends of the first pushing cylinder are respectively connected with the middle template and the lower template; by means of extension and retraction of the first pushing cylinder, the pressing platform can be lifted up and down linearly relative to the middle template; the pressing platform is provided with at least one die cavity, the die cavity penetrates through the pressing platform, the middle die plate is provided with a lower punch corresponding to the die cavity, and the lower punch is provided with a cross section matched with the die cavity;

an upper template is arranged above the pressing platform, an upper punch is arranged on the upper template corresponding to the die cavity and provided with a section matched with the die cavity, the upper template is driven by a second pushing cylinder, and the upper template can linearly lift up and down relative to the pressing platform by virtue of the extension and retraction of the second pushing cylinder;

the pressing platform is provided with a linear track, the linear track is provided with at least one sliding block capable of sliding relative to the linear track, an automatic workpiece taking device is installed on the sliding block, the automatic workpiece taking device comprises a clamping arm and a third pushing cylinder, and the end part of the clamping arm is connected with a concave workpiece taking block; the clamping arm is driven by the third pushing cylinder to enable the clamping arm to approach or depart from the mold cavity; the sliding block is driven by a horizontal driving device, the horizontal driving device is arranged on one side of the linear track, and the horizontal driving device drives the sliding block to slide along the linear track;

an automatic feeding device is further mounted on the sliding block and comprises a prepressing feeding barrel, the prepressing feeding barrel comprises a barrel shell with two open ends, and the inner diameter of the barrel shell is smaller than that of the die cavity; a pressing plate matched with the inner cavity of the barrel shell is arranged above the barrel shell, a central column is arranged in the center of the lower bottom surface of the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is controlled by a pre-pressing cylinder to move up and down; the bottom of the barrel shell is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is opened when the bottom plate bears a pressure threshold value, so that the powder in the barrel shell is pre-extruded into a cylindrical body and leaks out of the bottom of the barrel shell and falls into the die cavity, and the pressure threshold value is 5% -10% of the pressing pressure.

2. An apparatus for automatically compacting powder material according to claim 1, wherein said pair of linear rails are provided on both sides of said die cavity, and said pair of holding arms are provided on said pair of linear rails, respectively.

3. An apparatus for automatically compacting powder material according to claim 2, wherein said concave pick-up blocks are preferably formed with a circular arc shaped opening, so that a pair of concave pick-up blocks can be clamped exactly on both sides of a cylindrical compact for a stable clamping.

4. The automatic compaction device for powder materials according to claim 1 further comprising a feeding device that feeds the automatic feeding device quantitatively; the feeding device comprises a constant-volume feeding pipe, the constant-volume feeding pipe comprises a vertically arranged powder storage pipe, an opening at the upper end of the constant-volume feeding pipe is correspondingly connected with the powder bin, and an opening at the lower end of the constant-volume feeding pipe is connected with the pre-pressing feeding barrel through a spiral feeder; an upper pneumatic butterfly valve and a lower pneumatic butterfly valve are respectively arranged at openings at two ends of the powder storage pipe, and the screw pitch of the spiral feeder is 0.5 cm-5 cm.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the feeding device further comprises an automatic weighing device, the automatic weighing device comprises a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port of the automatic weighing device is correspondingly disposed at the lower end of the powder storage tube, and the discharging port of the automatic weighing device is correspondingly connected to the upper end of the pre-pressing charging barrel.

6. The automatic press for powder materials according to claim 1, wherein a release agent spraying device is further installed on the slide block, and the automatic picking device is located between the automatic feeding device and the release agent spraying device; the release agent spraying device comprises a spray head for spraying the release agent downwards, and the spray head is fixedly connected to the sliding block through a connecting arm.

7. The apparatus for automatically compacting powder material as claimed in claim 1, wherein a de-molding protection device is disposed between the second pushing cylinder and the upper mold plate, the de-molding protection device is a middle cylinder, a cylinder body of the middle cylinder is connected to a piston rod of the second pushing cylinder, and a piston rod of the middle cylinder is connected to the upper mold plate.

8. The automatic powder material pressing device according to claim 1, wherein an upper limiting device is disposed between the upper die plate and the pressing platform, the upper limiting device comprises a buffering limiting cylinder disposed on the edge of the upper die plate, the buffering limiting cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod and an adjusting bolt, the cylinder body is mounted on the upper die plate, and the lower end of the piston rod is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt.

9. The apparatus for automatically compacting powder material according to claim 1, wherein the compacting platform has guide posts fixed thereon, and the upper mold plate has guide cylinders engaged with the guide posts, and the guide cylinders are slidably engaged with the guide posts to guide the upper mold plate to vertically move up and down with respect to the compacting platform.

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