CN109663918A - A kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109663918A CN109663918A CN201910138034.XA CN201910138034A CN109663918A CN 109663918 A CN109663918 A CN 109663918A CN 201910138034 A CN201910138034 A CN 201910138034A CN 109663918 A CN109663918 A CN 109663918A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention, draws structural model for structural model by 20~30 μm of thickness slicing delaminations with three-dimensional software；The data being layered are imported into former, input forming parameter；TC4 alloy powder is equably laid on TC4 substrate, the track of laser beam flying carries out selective melting to TC4 alloyed powder last layer, completes one layer of TC4 covering-frame structure processing；It is laid with TC4 alloy powder again in one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of formation, it is molten to carry out selectivity to TC4 alloyed powder last layer according to the track of determining laser beam flying；TC4 covering-the frame structure is successively processed, covering-frame structure is ultimately formed.The invention has the advantages that the defects of can be reduced the warpage of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure drip molding generation, crackle, uneven stomata and consistency, can prepare the frame structure inside complicated covering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, particularly belong to laser gain material manufacturing technology
Field.
Background technique
Titanium alloy is a kind of alloy material to grow up the 1950s, have it is nontoxic, without magnetic, biocompatibility
It is good, solderability is good, low temperature resistant, high temperature resistant, high intensity, low-density, specific strength are high, mechanical behavior under high temperature is good, corrosion resisting property is good etc.
Excellent comprehensive performance, TC4 alloy are a kind of most commonly seen alpha and beta titanium alloys, have excellent comprehensive performance, are widely applied
In fields such as aerospace, medical treatment, building, chemical industry, sport, electric power.
In recent years, how the scarcity due to natural resources increasingly can guarantee in the case where the service performance of material is constant,
Material needed for reducing formation of parts to the greatest extent becomes the problem of people are thought deeply.Therefore the lightweight of part is suggested
?.Nowadays lightweight has become the important directions of the fields such as aerospace, weaponry, communications and transportation development, in aerospace
Field loss of weight is even more the epoch for entering " Ke Ke haggles over ".There is data to suggest that aircraft weight is every to mitigate 1%, aeroplane performance be can be improved
3% ~ 5%, the every mitigation 1Kg of the weight of space shuttle, launch cost can reduce 1.5 ten thousand dollars.
The part of light-weight design is (it is comprehensive not change material according to the part of its stress condition removal material redundancy itself
The part of performance), light-weighted process is completed by computer, the part shape for being typically designed out be it is irregular,
It is difficult to shape by conventional cast, so by manufacturing technology (selective laser melting process) phase of new design concept and forward position
In conjunction with being necessary.
Precinct laser fusion (Selective laser melting, SLM) technique functions derived from precinct laser sintering (
Selective Laser Sintering, SLS) technology.Precinct laser sintering technology proposes that it is basic by Deckard earliest
Principle is to concentrate energy scan to heat powder bed by laser heat source, selectively melts and bond bulky powder, is carried out complicated
The monolithic molding of Shape Parts, overcomes that forming period present in conventional fabrication processes is long, and forming quality is poor, postprocessing working procedures
The problems such as cumbersome.Metal parts by SLM manufacture forming has forming consistency high, and shaping surface is high-quality, precision height etc.
Advantage, wherein forming consistency can reach intimate 100%, dimensional accuracy has the manufacture of good metal parts up to 20 ~ 50 μm
Efficiency.The fields such as aerospace, medical treatment, petrochemical industry have been applied to using the metal parts that SLM is manufactured.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, pass through precinct laser fusion
Forming technique obtains covering-frame structure of mechanical strength height, geometry multiplicity.
A kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention is shaped using precinct laser fusion, specific steps
It is as follows:
Step 1: TC4 alloy covering-frame structure threedimensional model is established with SolidWorks in a computer first, it will be three-dimensional
Model presses 20~30 μm of thickness slicing delaminations；
Step 2: every layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure three-dimensional shape data in step 1 slicing delamination will be converted into one
Then serial two-dimensional silhouette data determine the track of laser beam flying according to every layer of two-dimensional silhouette data, take upper and lower level angle
The S row scanning mode that degree is ± 60 DEG C；
Step 3: spherical TC4 alloy powder of the granularity less than 400 mesh being obtained by spin vibration sieve, and is equably laid on 10~20mm
On thick TC4 substrate, TC4 alloy powder laying depth meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；
Step 4: the laser beam of laser transmitting is according to the track of determining laser beam flying to the TC4 alloyed powder last layer of step 3
Selective melting is carried out, corresponding one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing is completed；The laser power range wherein used
For 100 ~ 200W, spot diameter be 30 ~ 50 μm, scanning speed is 0.25 ~ 1.25m/s, sweep span is 55 ~ 75 μm, completes one
Layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing；
Step 5: being laid with one layer of TC4 alloy powder, TC4 again in one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure that step 4 is formed
Alloy powder laying depth meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；The laser beam of laser transmitting is according to determining laser beam
The track of scanning carries out selective melting to TC4 alloyed powder last layer；When adjacent layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing, laser
Beam scanning is contrary, wherein the laser power range used for 100 ~ 200W, spot diameter is 30 ~ 50 μm, scanning speed is
0.25 ~ 1.25m/s, sweep span are 55 ~ 75 μm, complete adjacent layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing；
Step 6: repeating according to the processing method of step 5, successively process TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, ultimately formed
Whole TC4 alloy covering-frame structure.
The TC4 alloy covering-frame structure is covering and internal framework, and inner frame monomer is eight sides
The ancient money row structure that shape is pieced together, covering thickness are 1 ~ 1.5mm, 0.4 ~ 0.8mm of framework wall thickness.
The described precinct laser fusion forming use protective atmosphere for 99.999% high-purity argon gas.
The laser uses 200W optical fiber laser, and laser beam line focus mirror and scanning galvanometer are projected to TC4 alloy
On powder.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The preparation method of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention passes through constituency by the way of layer-by-layer cladding/increment manufacture
Laser melts (SLM) forming, and the metal parts for manufacturing forming has forming consistency high, and shaping surface is high-quality, precision height etc.
Advantage, wherein forming consistency can reach intimate 100%, dimensional accuracy has the manufacture of good metal parts up to 20 ~ 50 μm
Efficiency can reduce TC4 alloy covering-frame structure drip molding and lack there are warpage, crackle, stomata, consistency are uneven etc.
It falls into, the frame structure inside covering for being suitble to preparation complicated.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the inside monomer schematic diagram of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is TC4 alloy covering of the present invention-frame structure manufacturing process schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is laser beam flying track of the present invention；
In figure: 1, laser；2, focus lamp；3, scanning galvanometer；4, protective glasses；5, protective gas；6, powder collecting box；7, it shapes
Case；8, powder storage chamber；9, face powder roller；10, drip molding；11, computer.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments to a kind of forming of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure of the present invention
Method is further described.
Embodiment 1
TC4 alloy covering-frame structure preparation method uses precinct laser fusion manufacturing process.As shown in Figure 1, with one kind
For TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, size: 20mm × 20mm × 10mm, covering thickness 1mm, framework wall thickness 0.4mm.TC4 is closed
The preparation method of golden covering-frame structure is as shown in figure 3, procedure of processing is as follows:
TC4 alloy covering-frame structure threedimensional model is established with SolidWorks in a computer, by the alloy structure model
By 20 μm of thickness slicing delaminations (dividing 500 layers), to successively be processed according to each layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure；
Every layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure three-dimensional shape data is converted into a series of two-dimensional silhouette data, then root
Determine that (it is ± 60 DEG C of (each layer of S row scannings that retouch track, which be angle, for the track of laser beam flying according to every layer of two-dimensional silhouette data
The deviation direction of track is different) S row scanning mode)；
TC4 alloyed spherical powder of the granularity less than 400 mesh is obtained by spin vibration sieve, chemical component table is specifically shown in Table 1, TC4 alloy
Powder is put into powder storage chamber (8), which is equably laid on to the TC4 of 10mm thickness by face powder rod (9)
On alloy substrate, TC4 alloy substrate is placed in forming box (7), and the restriction of TC4 alloy powder laying depth is layered in step 1
Thickness requirement.The laser beam of laser (1) transmitting selects TC4 alloyed powder last layer according to the track of determining laser beam flying
Selecting property fusing, wherein the laser power used for 100W, spot diameter is 30 μm, scanning speed 0.8m/s, sweep span are
55 μm, complete one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing.
The TC4 alloy powder chemical component table of the present invention of table 1, mass fraction %
| Element | H | O | N | C | Si | Fe | V | Al | Ti |
| Content, % | ≤0. 009 | ≤0. 16 | ≤0. 027 | ≤0. 056 | ≤0. 039 | ≤0. 15 | 4 | 6 | balance |
Forming box (7) according to setting one thickness of decline distance, powder storage chamber (8) according to setting rise thickness away from
From by applying powder, roller (9) are laid with TC4 alloy powder, TC4 alloy powder paving again on one layer of TC4 alloy structure of formation
If thickness meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；Laser transmitting laser beam according to determining laser beam flying track
Selective melting is carried out to TC4 alloyed powder last layer, when adjacent layer TC4 alloy structure is processed, laser beam flying is contrary, reduces
The stress of interlayer is concentrated, wherein the laser power used for 100W, spot diameter is 30 μm, scanning speed 0.8m/s, scanning
Spacing is 55 μm, completes one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing.Processing method carries out one layer of TC4 alloy covering-again
Frame structure processing, and so on, ultimately forms TC4 alloy covering-frame structure.As shown in figure 4, being swept for laser of the invention
The path retouched.Protective atmosphere is the high-purity argon gas that purity is 99.999% when the fusing forming of area's laser.Above-mentioned laser (1) uses
200W optical fiber laser, laser beam line focus mirror (2) and scanning galvanometer (3) are projected to TC alloy powder.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, size: 50mm × 50mm × 25mm, covering are thick by taking a kind of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure as an example
1.5mm, framework wall thickness 0.8mm.TC4 alloy covering-frame structure preparation method as shown in figure 3, processing specific step is as follows:
TC4 alloy covering-frame structure threedimensional model is established with SolidWorks in a computer first, by the alloy structure
Model is by 30 μm of thickness slicing delaminations (dividing 834 layers), to successively process according to each layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure.
Every layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure three-dimensional shape data is converted into a series of two-dimensional silhouette data, so
Afterwards according to every layer of two-dimensional silhouette data determine laser beam flying track (retouch track be angle be ± 60 DEG C of (each layer of S rows
Scan track deviation direction it is different) S row scanning mode).
TC4 alloyed spherical powder of the granularity less than 400 mesh is obtained by spin vibration sieve, TC4 alloy powder is put into powder storage
In room (8), the TC4 alloy powder is equably laid on the TC4 alloy substrate of 10mm thickness by face powder rod (9), TC4 is closed
Gold base is placed in forming box (7), and TC4 alloy powder laying depth limits the thickness requirement being layered in step 1.Laser
(1) laser beam emitted carries out selective melting to TC4 alloyed powder last layer according to the track of determining laser beam flying, wherein adopting
Laser power is 200W, spot diameter is 50 μm, scanning speed 1.2m/s, sweep span are 75 μm, completes one layer of TC4
Alloy covering-frame structure processing.
Forming box (7) is according to the distance of setting one thickness of decline, and powder storage chamber (8) is according to setting one thickness of rising
Distance, by apply powder roller (9) be laid with TC4 alloy powder, TC4 alloyed powder again on one layer of TC4 alloy structure of formation
Last laying depth meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；The laser beam of laser transmitting is according to determining laser beam flying
Track carries out selective melting to TC4 alloyed powder last layer, and when adjacent layer TC4 alloy structure is processed, laser beam flying is contrary,
The stress for reducing interlayer is concentrated, wherein the laser power used for 200W, spot diameter is 50 μm, scanning speed 1.0m/s,
Sweep span is 75 μm, completes one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing.Upper one is carried out again according to the processing method of step 4
Layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing, and so on, ultimately forms TC4 alloy covering-frame structure.As shown in figure 4, this
The path of invention laser scanning.Protective atmosphere is the high-purity argon gas that purity is 99.999% when precinct laser fusion shapes.Laser
Device uses 200W optical fiber laser, and laser beam line focus mirror (2) and scanning galvanometer (3) are projected to TC4 alloy powder.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of manufacturing process of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, it is characterised in that: the manufacturing process is swashed using constituency
Light fusing forming, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: TC4 alloy covering-frame structure threedimensional model is established with SolidWorks in a computer first, it will be three-dimensional
Model presses 20~30 μm of thickness slicing delaminations；
Step 2: every layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure three-dimensional shape data in step 1 slicing delamination will be converted into one
Then serial two-dimensional silhouette data determine the track of laser beam flying according to every layer of two-dimensional silhouette data, take upper and lower level angle
The S row scanning mode that degree is ± 60 DEG C；
Step 3: spherical TC4 alloy powder of the granularity less than 400 mesh being obtained by spin vibration sieve, and is equably laid on 10~20mm
On thick TC4 substrate, TC4 alloy powder laying depth meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；
Step 4: the laser beam of laser transmitting is according to the track of determining laser beam flying to the TC4 alloyed powder last layer of step 3
Selective melting is carried out, corresponding one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing is completed；The laser power range wherein used
For 100 ~ 200W, spot diameter be 30 ~ 50 μm, scanning speed is 0.25 ~ 1.25m/s, sweep span is 55 ~ 75 μm, completes one
Layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing；
Step 5: being laid with one layer of TC4 alloy powder, TC4 again in one layer of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure that step 4 is formed
Alloy powder laying depth meets the thickness requirement being layered in step 1；The laser beam of laser transmitting is according to determining laser beam
The track of scanning carries out selective melting to TC4 alloyed powder last layer；When adjacent layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing, laser
Beam scanning is contrary, wherein the laser power range used for 100 ~ 200W, spot diameter is 30 ~ 50 μm, scanning speed is
0.25 ~ 1.25m/s, sweep span are 55 ~ 75 μm, complete adjacent layer TC4 alloy covering-frame structure processing；
Step 6: repeating according to the processing method of step 5, successively process TC4 alloy covering-frame structure, ultimately formed
Whole TC4 alloy covering-frame structure.
2. a kind of preparation method of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
TC4 alloy covering-frame structure is covering and internal framework, the inner frame ancient money that monomer is that octagon is pieced together
Row structure, covering thickness are 1 ~ 1.5mm, 0.4 ~ 0.8mm of framework wall thickness.
3. a kind of preparation method of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Precinct laser fusion forming use protective atmosphere for 99.999% high-purity argon gas.
4. a kind of preparation method of TC4 alloy covering-frame structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Laser uses 200W optical fiber laser, and laser beam line focus mirror and scanning galvanometer are projected to TC4 alloy powder.
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Cited By (3)
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| WO2021008603A1 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multifunctional bionic thermal protection structure and forming method thereof |
| CN112620648A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Preparation method of micro-throttler of electric propulsion supply system |
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