CN109655595B - Multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device - Google Patents
Multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655595B CN109655595B CN201811539077.0A CN201811539077A CN109655595B CN 109655595 B CN109655595 B CN 109655595B CN 201811539077 A CN201811539077 A CN 201811539077A CN 109655595 B CN109655595 B CN 109655595B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 194
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006740 morphological transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas
Abstract
The utility model relates to a multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device which comprises a water tank, a water injection spray nozzle, a reservoir, a gas supply tank, a gas collection tank, a gas shunt pipe, a leakage hollow cylinder, quartz sand, a simulation chamber and a gas collection cover, wherein the water injection spray nozzle is arranged in the water tank and is connected with the reservoir through the water injection pipe; the simulation chambers are arranged in the water tank and are provided with a plurality of layers of simulation chambers, and quartz sand is paved on each layer of simulation chambers; filling water into the water cabin above the outermost surface of the quartz sand; the inside of the water tank is also provided with a gas collecting hood for collecting gas, the gas collecting hood is connected with a gas collecting tank through a gas transmission pipe, the gas collecting tank is used for storing the gas collected by the gas collecting hood, and the gas collecting hood is immersed in water; the air supply tank is connected with the gas shunt tubes, and the gas shunt tubes extend into the leakage hollow cylinder. According to the utility model, the marine submarine environment is simulated by paving quartz sand, methane is used as simulated gas, and the simulation of the submarine shallow gas leakage experiment under the multivariable condition is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of shallow gas simulation devices, in particular to a multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device.
Background
Shallow gas refers to various natural gas resources with shallow depth (generally within 1500 m) and relatively small reserves, so that many seafloors exist with shallow gas, and the shallow gas may be biogenic gas formed by shallow biological action, thermal gas generated by deep gas entering the shallow layer along a migration and dredging channel, or gas generated by decomposition of hydrate accumulated in the shallow layer due to temperature and pressure conditions.
Shallow gas is often transported to the seabed in the form of diffusion or seepage due to unstable geological conditions at the seabed, thereby causing the change of the topography of the seabed shallow layer. Because the submarine geological conditions are complex and various, the transformation effect of the gas leakage on the submarine topography and the landform is different. The geological variables such as lithology characteristics of shallow sediment on the seabed, pressure of overlying seawater, gas leakage intensity, positions of gas leakage points, leakage action duration and the like have important influences on researching the leakage characteristics of shallow gas and modifying micro-topography and topography of the seabed.
In subsea marine deposits at continental edge locations, areas where temperature, pressure conditions are stable and suitable often form natural gas hydrates. However, changes in temperature and pressure conditions often cause disruption of the hydrate stability domain, leading to rapid decomposition of the hydrate and release of large amounts of methane gas. On the one hand, these gases or dispersions enter the sediment or dissolve in the water, but most of the escaping seawater enters the atmosphere, which affects the local climatic environment; on the other hand, hydrate decomposition is accompanied by rapid expansion of gas and instantaneous release of pressure, has obvious reconstruction effect on shallow sediment on the seabed, and often forms typical geological structures such as seabed hillock, seabed pit, plume, seabed fracture and the like. The abrupt gas expansion and decompression release can even cause geological disasters such as submarine slump and submarine fracture. Therefore, the method has very practical significance for simulating the seepage of the seabed shallow gas, and particularly has important significance for researching the natural gas hydrate.
The existing simulation of the seabed shallow gas leakage has a plurality of defects:
1. the existing shallow gas leakage simulation basically analyzes the chemical composition and property change of the shallow gas in the stratum leakage process by collecting and recovering the leaked shallow gas in the simulation process, but the direct transformation process of the shallow gas on the seabed topography is seldom focused on, namely the existing shallow gas leakage simulation lacks intuitiveness, the state of the shallow gas under continuous leakage cannot be observed, and the special geological structure formed by transformation cannot be quantitatively described;
2. the existing shallow gas leakage simulation is basically that shallow gas leakage simulation is carried out under the condition of fixed and single control variable and lacks a background experiment (namely a comparison experiment), so that a shallow gas leakage forming system under the complex condition and under the common influence of multiple geological variables cannot be comprehensively known, and necessary background value correction cannot be carried out;
3. the existing shallow gas leakage simulation mostly adopts integral type simulation on stratum, and controllable variables are limited, so that simulation result accuracy is low, and the characteristic of the non-uniformity of the submarine stratum under complex geological conditions cannot be truly reflected.
For example, the chinese patent of publication No. CN205562141U, the chinese patent of publication No. CN104715674A, and the chinese patent of publication No. CN101726559a all have some of the above-mentioned disadvantages.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device which can solve the problem of seabed shallow gas leakage simulation.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the utility model is as follows: a multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device is characterized in that: the device comprises a water tank, a water injection nozzle, a water injection pipe, a water storage tank, a gas supply tank, a gas collection tank, a gas shunt pipe, a seepage hollow cylinder, quartz sand, a simulation chamber and a gas collection cover, wherein the water injection nozzle is arranged in the water tank and is connected with the water storage tank through the water injection pipe;
the simulation chambers are arranged in the water tank and are provided with a plurality of layers of simulation chambers, quartz sand is paved on each layer of simulation chambers, and the particle sizes of the quartz sand paved in each layer of simulation chambers are sequentially increased from top to bottom;
filling water into the water cabin above the outermost surface of the quartz sand, and enabling the water to pass through each layer of simulation chamber downwards in sequence and permeate into the quartz sand;
the water tank is internally provided with a gas collecting cover for collecting gas, the gas collecting cover is positioned below the water injection nozzle and is connected with a gas collecting tank through a gas transmission pipe, and the gas collecting tank is used for storing the gas collected by the gas collecting cover and is submerged in water;
the air supply tank is connected with the air shunt tube, the air shunt tube extends into the leakage hollow tube, the leakage hollow tube is vertically fixed in the simulation chamber and extends from the simulation chamber at the lowest layer to the simulation chamber at the uppermost layer, the leakage hollow tube is of a hollow structure, a plurality of vent holes are arranged on the side wall of the top of the leakage hollow tube, the diameter of the vent hole is smaller than the particle diameter of quartz sand, simulated gas is stored in the gas supply tank, flows out from the top of the gas shunt tube after passing through the gas shunt tube, and leaks outwards through the vent hole of the seepage hollow tube, and the outwards leaked simulated gas sequentially passes through each layer of simulation chamber and permeates into the quartz sand.
Further, the simulated gas is methane.
Further, three simulation chambers are arranged in the water tank, and are respectively a bottom simulation chamber, a middle simulation chamber and a top simulation chamber which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
Further, quartz sand with the particle diameters of 250 micrometers, 180 micrometers and 125 micrometers is paved on the bottom simulation chamber, the middle simulation chamber and the top simulation chamber respectively.
Further, a gas concentration probe is arranged on the gas collecting hood and is used for measuring the concentration of the simulated gas flowing into the gas collecting hood.
Further, a pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure in the water tank is arranged on the side wall of the water tank.
Further, the water tank water draining device further comprises a water draining pipe, one end of the water draining pipe penetrates through the side wall of the water tank to enter the water tank, the other end of the water draining pipe is connected with the water storage tank, and the water draining pipe is used for draining water in the water tank to the water storage tank.
Further, an axial partition plate is arranged in the water tank, and divides the water tank into two independent simulation areas.
Further, the gas shunt tube is of a telescopic structure.
Further, a control valve is further arranged on the gas shunt tube and used for adjusting the pressure of the gas injected into the gas shunt tube by the gas in the gas supply tank.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: according to the utility model, the marine submarine environment is simulated by paving quartz sand, methane is used as simulated gas of shallow gas, the simulation of submarine shallow gas leakage experiments under a multi-variable condition can be achieved by setting different experimental conditions, a shallow gas leakage forming system under the common influence of multiple geological variables under a complex condition is comprehensively recognized, necessary background value correction can be realized, the simulation is more accurate, the special geological structure formed by transformation can be quantitatively described by collecting simulated experimental data, and finally the problems of real-time, quantitative and online simulation of submarine shallow gas leakage simulation can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
in the figure, 1-partition plate, 2-water injection nozzle, 3-water tank, 4-water injection pipe, 5-flowmeter, 6-gas transmission pipe, 7-gas volume meter, 8-control valve, 9-gas collecting tank, 10-reservoir, 11-high pressure pump, 12-controller, 13-wire, 14-gas supply tank, 15-pressure gauge, 16-gas shunt pipe, 17-rubber plug, 18-leakage hollow cylinder, 19-bottom simulation chamber, 20-middle simulation chamber, 21-top simulation chamber, 22-drain pipe, 23-camera, 24-pressure sensor, 25-gas collecting hood, 26-gas concentration probe.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description below:
as shown in fig. 1, the multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device comprises a water tank 3, a water injection spray head 2, a water storage tank 10, a gas supply tank 14, a gas diversion pipe 16, a leakage hollow barrel 18, a simulation chamber and a gas collection cover 25, wherein the water injection spray head 2 is arranged inside the water tank 3, the water injection spray head 2 is connected with the water storage tank 10 through the water injection pipe 4, in order to enable water in the water storage tank 10 to better pass through the water injection pipe 4 and then be sprayed out of the water injection spray head 2, a high-pressure pump 11 for pumping water in the water storage tank 10 into the water injection pipe 4 is arranged on the water injection pipe 4, and in actual use, the water injection spray head 2 is preferably arranged at the upper position of the water tank 3;
the gas collecting hood 25 is arranged in the water tank 3 and is positioned below the water injection nozzle 2, the gas collecting hood 25 is used for collecting gas, the gas collecting hood 25 is connected with the gas collecting tank 9 through the gas transmission pipe 6, so that the gas collected by the gas collecting hood 25 is transported to the gas collecting tank 9 for storage through the gas transmission pipe 6, the gas transmission pipe 6 is provided with the flowmeter 5, the gas volume meter 7 and the control valve 8, the flowmeter 5 is used for calculating the flow rate of the gas passing through the gas transmission pipe 6 at the current moment, the gas volume meter 7 is used for calculating the total volume of the collected gas or the volume of the gas collected in a certain time period, and the control valve 8 is used for closing the gas outlet of the gas collecting tank 9 after the gas collection is finished, so that the collected gas is prevented from returning into the gas collecting hood 25 from the gas collecting tank 9;
the bottom of the water tank 3 is provided with a plurality of layers of simulation chambers, quartz sand is paved on each layer of simulation chambers, and the particle size of the quartz sand is sequentially increased according to the arrangement of the layers of simulation chambers from top to bottom, so that the real situation of the sea bottom is more similar; the transverse partition plates can be arranged between the simulation chambers of each layer so as to more conveniently lay quartz sand on the simulation chambers of each layer, and the boundaries between the simulation chambers of each layer are also visual and clear;
the gas supply tank 14 is connected with the gas shunt tubes 16, the gas shunt tubes 16 extend into the leakage hollow cylinders 18, the leakage hollow cylinders 18 are located under the gas collecting hoods 25, namely, the gas collecting hoods 25 are located right above the leakage hollow cylinders 18, rubber plugs 17 are sleeved at the lower ends of the gas shunt tubes 16, the leakage hollow cylinders 18 are vertically fixed in the simulation chambers and extend from the lowermost simulation chambers to the uppermost simulation chambers, namely, the leakage hollow cylinders 18 vertically penetrate through the simulation chambers, namely, the leakage hollow cylinders 18 are vertically fixed in the simulation chambers by being inlaid on the bottoms of the lowermost simulation chambers, the leakage hollow cylinders 18 are of hollow structures, the top and the side walls of the leakage hollow cylinders 18 are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, the pore diameters of the ventilation holes are smaller than the minimum particle diameters of quartz sand, namely, the particle diameters of the minimum quartz sand are larger than the diameters of the ventilation holes, and the quartz sand is prevented from entering the leakage hollow cylinders 18. The gas for simulating the shallow gas on the sea floor is stored in the gas supply tank 14, the gas for simulating the shallow gas is taken as simulated gas, the simulated gas flows out from the top of the gas shunt tube 16 after passing through the gas shunt tube 16, the simulated gas after flowing out leaks outwards through the vent holes on the top and the side wall of the seepage hollow tube 18, the simulated gas leaking outwards through the vent holes on the side wall enters quartz sand, and the simulated gas leaking out through the vent holes on the side wall hardly moves upwards into a water area after entering the quartz sand because the diameter of the vent holes on the side wall is small, namely, the simulated gas leaking out through the vent holes on the side wall basically gathers in the quartz sand or dissolves in water in the quartz sand. The simulated gas flowing out of the top of the seepage hollow cylinder 18 has stronger seepage strength, so that after the simulated gas flowing out of the top of the seepage hollow cylinder 18 gathers, under the continuous simulated gas seepage effect, the form of quartz sand right above the seepage hollow cylinder 18 is influenced, so that the quartz sand right above the seepage hollow cylinder 18 is loosened, expanded and even disintegrated, and finally the simulated gas flowing out of the top of the seepage hollow cylinder 18 upwards escapes through the quartz sand of each layer of simulation chamber and enters the gas collecting cover 25, which is also the reason that the gas collecting cover 25 is arranged right above the seepage hollow cylinder 18, so that the escape of shallow gas at the sea bottom is simulated, and in order to better simulate the escape of the actual shallow gas at the sea bottom, the embodiment selects methane simulated gas, namely the gas stored in the gas tank 14.
In this embodiment, a bottom simulation chamber 19, a middle simulation chamber 20 and a top simulation chamber 21 are sequentially provided in the water tank 3 from bottom to top, and quartz sand with particle diameters of 250 micrometers, 180 micrometers and 125 micrometers are respectively paved on the bottom simulation chamber 19, the middle simulation chamber 20 and the top simulation chamber 21, so that the actual stratum characteristics that the particle diameters of the simulated sediments gradually increase from the sea bottom to bottom are simulated, and during actual simulation, the quartz sand on each layer of simulation chamber is vibrated and compressed, so that the quartz sand is fully contacted.
The water is filled above the simulation chamber at the uppermost layer to form a water area, namely, the water in the reservoir 10 is sprayed into the water tank 3 from the water injection nozzle 2 after passing through the water injection pipe 4, so that the water tank 3 above the simulation chamber is filled with water, the real environment of the seabed is simulated, the area above the simulation chamber 21 at the top layer is filled with water in the embodiment, and the gas collecting hood 25 is submerged in water.
After the methane gas in the gas supply tank 14 flows out from the gas shunt tube 16, the methane gas leaks outwards through the vent holes on the side wall of the seepage hollow cylinder 18, then, most of the methane gas leaking outwards through the vent holes on the side wall of the seepage hollow cylinder 18 is dissolved in water and enters the particle holes of quartz sand, the methane gas dissolved in the water finally escapes from the water and flows into the gas collection cover 25, finally, the methane gas enters the gas storage tank and is stored in the gas storage tank, in order to enable the methane gas escaping from the water to better flow into the gas collection cover 25, the size of the gas collection cover 25 can be made as large as possible and the position of the gas collection cover 25 in the water tank 3 can be adjusted, and the gas collection cover 25 is made into a satellite pot shape facing downwards, the gas concentration probe 26 is further arranged on the gas collection cover 25, the gas concentration probe 26 is used for measuring the concentration of the methane gas flowing into the gas collection cover 25, and the gas concentration probe 26 can detect the concentration of the methane gas in real time, so that the instantaneous gas concentration of the methane gas can be detected.
In this embodiment, a pressure sensor 24 for monitoring the pressure of the water in the water tank 3 is provided on the side wall of the water tank 3.
In this embodiment, the inside of the water tank 3 is further provided with a camera 23, and the camera 23 is used for observing and recording the morphological transformation deformation process of the quartz sand in the simulation chamber in the upward migration process of methane gas in the water tank 3 from the simulation chamber.
In this embodiment, the pipeline connecting the gas shunt tube 16 and the gas supply tank 14 is further provided with the flowmeter 5, the high-pressure pump 11, the control valve 8 and the pressure gauge 15, and the condition of methane gas led to the gas shunt tube 16 by the gas supply tank 14 can be intuitively observed through the pressure gauge 15, so that the flow rate and the flow velocity of the methane gas flowing to the gas shunt tube 16 can be better regulated through the control valve 8, namely, the pressure for injecting the gas from the gas supply tank 14 into the gas shunt tube 16 can be regulated.
In this embodiment, the water tank further comprises a drain pipe 22, one end of the drain pipe 22 penetrates through the side wall of the water tank 3 to enter the water tank 3, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected with the water storage tank 10, so that water in the water tank 3 can be discharged to the water storage tank 10, and in order to better control the drain pipe 22 and the water injection pipe 4, the drain pipe 22 and the water injection pipe 4 are connected into the high-pressure pump 11 together after passing through the same pipeline, and the high-pressure pump 11 is connected into the water storage tank 10 through one pipeline; the drain pipe 22 and the water injection pipe 4 are respectively provided with a control valve 8, so that the drain pipe 22 and the water injection pipe 4 can be respectively and independently controlled.
In this embodiment, the controller 12 is further included, the pressure sensor 24, the control valve 8 on the drain pipe 22, the control valve 8 on the water injection pipe 4, the control valve 8 on the gas shunt pipe 16, and the control valve 8 on the gas transmission pipe 6 are all electrically connected with the controller 12 through the electric wires 13, so that the controller 12 can receive the data of the pressure sensor 24 and control the working states of the control valve 8 on the drain pipe 22, the control valve 8 on the water injection pipe 4, the control valve 8 on the gas shunt pipe 16, and the control valve 8 on the gas transmission pipe 6, including their respective opening and closing.
In this embodiment, the water tank 3 is provided with the axial partition board 1, the partition board 1 divides the water tank 3 into two independent simulation areas, and the two simulation areas are all the same, so that simulation experiments can be performed in the two simulation areas independently, and the experiment in one of the simulation areas can be used as a background experiment. Of course, in actual use, more independent simulation areas can be set, so that different experimental conditions can be set in each simulation area, experimental comparison can be achieved, experimental simulation of submarine shallow gas leakage under a multivariable condition can be achieved, for example, different water quantities are injected into two simulation areas, so that the horizontal planes of the two simulation areas are not at the same height, and the transformation effect of shallow gas leakage under periodic elevation change of the sea level on submarine topography can be simulated; and for example, the gas injection pressure of the gas shunt pipe 16 injected into different simulation areas can be adjusted, so that the effect of modifying the submarine topography under the leakage intensity of different shallow gases can be simulated.
The arrangement in the two simulation areas is the same, namely, a gas collecting cover 25, a camera 23, a pressure sensor 24, a seepage hollow cylinder 18 and a gas shunt tube 16 are arranged in the two simulation areas, specifically, quartz sand in each layer of simulation chamber and simulation chamber is divided into a left independent area and a right independent area through a partition board 1, a water area is divided into the two independent areas through the partition board 1, the gas shunt tube 16 arranged in the two simulation areas is connected with a gas supply tank 14 through the same connecting pipeline (not shown in the figure), a flowmeter 5, a pressure gauge 15 and a high-pressure pump 11 are arranged on the connecting pipeline, and a control valve 8 is arranged on each of the two gas shunt tubes 16 so as to control the single gas shunt tube 16.
In this embodiment, the gas shunt tube 16 has a telescopic structure, that is, the axial position of the gas shunt tube 16 extending into the seepage hollow tube 18 can be adjusted, and then the top position of the gas shunt tube 16 is adjusted, so that the position of initial outward seepage of methane gas is adjusted, and the influence of outward seepage of methane gas from different positions on the deformation of quartz sand due to morphological transformation can be better simulated.
In actual use, quartz sand with corresponding particle size is paved in the simulation chambers of each layer, the area above the top simulation chamber 21 is filled with water through the water injection nozzle 2, so that the real environment of the seabed is simulated, then methane gas in the gas supply tank 14 flows into the gas shunt tube 16, the methane gas finally leaks outwards from the vent hole of the seepage hollow tube 18 into the simulation chambers, the methane gas moves upwards from the gaps of the quartz sand and then enters the water area, in the process that the methane moves to the water area through the quartz sand of the top simulation chamber 21, the continuous accumulation of the methane causes the quartz sand on the outermost surface of the top simulation chamber 21 to expand, deform and disintegrate, and finally seabed micro-terrains such as a seabed hills and a pit are formed, and then the methane gas escapes from the disintegrated quartz sand to form a plume which is equivalent to the process of simulating shallow gas to seabed transformation.
Various other corresponding changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings, and all such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present utility model as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device is characterized in that: the device comprises a water tank, a water injection nozzle, a water injection pipe, a water storage tank, a gas supply tank, a gas collection tank, a gas shunt pipe, a seepage hollow cylinder, quartz sand, a simulation chamber and a gas collection cover, wherein the water injection nozzle is arranged in the water tank and is connected with the water storage tank through the water injection pipe;
the simulation chambers are arranged in the water tank and are provided with a plurality of layers of simulation chambers, quartz sand is paved on each layer of simulation chambers, and the particle sizes of the quartz sand paved in each layer of simulation chambers are sequentially increased from top to bottom;
filling water into the water cabin above the outermost surface of the quartz sand, and enabling the water to pass through each layer of simulation chamber downwards in sequence and permeate into the quartz sand;
the water tank is internally provided with a gas collecting cover for collecting gas, the gas collecting cover is positioned below the water injection nozzle and is connected with a gas collecting tank through a gas transmission pipe, and the gas collecting tank is used for storing the gas collected by the gas collecting cover and is submerged in water;
the gas supply tank is connected with a gas shunt tube, the gas shunt tube extends into the leakage hollow tube, the leakage hollow tube is vertically fixed in the simulation chamber and extends from the simulation chamber at the lowest layer to the simulation chamber at the uppermost layer, the leakage hollow tube is of a hollow structure, a plurality of vent holes are arranged on the top and the side wall of the leakage hollow tube, the diameter of the vent holes is smaller than the particle diameter of quartz sand, the simulation gas is stored in the gas supply tank,
the gas shunt tube is of a telescopic structure.
2. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the simulated gas is methane.
3. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the water cabin is internally provided with three simulation chambers, namely a bottom simulation chamber, a middle simulation chamber and a top simulation chamber which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
4. A multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: quartz sand with the grain diameters of 250 micrometers, 180 micrometers and 125 micrometers is paved on the bottom simulation chamber, the middle simulation chamber and the top simulation chamber respectively.
5. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the gas collecting hood is provided with a gas concentration probe, and the gas concentration probe is used for measuring the concentration of the simulated gas flowing into the gas collecting hood.
6. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the water tank is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure in the water tank.
7. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the water tank is characterized by further comprising a drain pipe, one end of the drain pipe penetrates through the side wall of the water tank to enter the water tank, the other end of the drain pipe is connected with the water storage tank, and the drain pipe is used for draining water in the water tank to the water storage tank.
8. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: an axial partition plate is arranged in the water tank, and divides the water tank into two independent simulation areas.
9. The multi-variable condition subsea shallow gas leakage simulation device of claim 1, wherein: and the gas shunt pipe is also provided with a control valve for adjusting the pressure of the gas injected into the gas shunt pipe by the gas of the gas supply tank.
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| CN201811539077.0A CN109655595B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device |
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| CN201811539077.0A CN109655595B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Multi-variable-condition seabed shallow gas leakage simulation device |
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| CN111879474B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2021-05-11 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed gas leakage detection simulation device |
| CN113818863B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2024-04-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Marine shallow gas open flow simulation experiment device and method |
| CN111894529B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-07-26 | 广东工业大学 | System and method for combustible ice exploitation leakage simulation and environmental parameter quantitative inversion |
| CN112964833A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-15 | 广东工业大学 | Deep-sea combustible ice coating multi-interface environment in-situ simulation system and implementation method |
| CN113640469A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-12 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Experimental test device and method for testing gas leakage and pit formation |
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