CN109655342A - A kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device and its experimental method - Google Patents

A kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device and its experimental method Download PDF

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CN109655342A
CN109655342A CN201910084026.1A CN201910084026A CN109655342A CN 109655342 A CN109655342 A CN 109655342A CN 201910084026 A CN201910084026 A CN 201910084026A CN 109655342 A CN109655342 A CN 109655342A
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sample
experiment
shattering process
broken
chopping block
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CN109655342B (en
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王文健
师陆冰
丁昊昊
刘启跃
温泽峰
郭俊
周仲荣
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/005Electromagnetic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0076Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
    • G01N2203/0087Resistance to crushing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0252Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0284Bulk material, e.g. powders
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device and its experimental methods, loading device selects straight line slide unit structure as loading component, the encoder for being assemblied in straight line slide unit rotary screw rod bottom generates continuous impulse signal during loading, trigger laser displacement sensor and pressure sensor in real time, the displacement in synchronous recording sample compression shattering process and experiment power, matched with devices has a high speed microscope camera, and record sample is from by being pressed onto broken real-time process.Device can be utilized for the uniaxial compression crushing experiment of all kinds of molecule samples (0.1-2mm) nonmetallic, in irregular shape, the mechanics parameters such as breaking strength, crushing work of test sample and research sample shattering process.It is studied in addition, can also carry out derogatory behaviour of chopping block, pressure head material etc. in sample shattering process using the experimental provision.

Description

A kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device and its experimental method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mechanical test technologies of material, and in particular to one kind can carry out the survey of molecule sample breaking strength The experimental provision and its experimental method of examination and shattering process research.
Background technique
Particle Breakage typically refers to nonmetallic sample and generates structural destruction or cleavage in the case where bearing load effect, splits into The process of multiple smaller samples.Particle Breakage problem is widely present in all kinds of engineer applications, as ore crushes, wheel track interface Use stucco increasing stick, the sample in engineering construction as the quartz sand of foundation material or filler under the conditions of big loading broken etc..
Particle Breakage intensity is the ability evaluated various sample and can bear normal load, directly related with the partial size of particle, And it is influenced by factors such as the material of particle, mineralogical characteristic, shape, porosity and internal flaws.Due to above all kinds of not true Determine the influence of factor, the breaking strength of particle is not a constant basis in testing, but shows as strong discreteness, needs to lead to It crosses a large amount of experiment and carries out statistical research.Based on this, needs to develop and design a kind of simple, convenient uniaxial compression type test Device is tested in order to carry out a large amount of repetition.
Common fluid pressure type uniaxial compression experimental provision is mostly for macroscopic view, large scale in rock-soil mechanics experimental study at present Rock mass sample carry out Crushing Mechanics test device, loading velocity is too fast for molecule sample (< 2mm), will lead to Sample shattering process is too short, and the force-displacement curve data point measured is very few to be difficult to judge that sample is crushed critical point, and in its test Often ignore in sample pressurized process the insertion behavior of chopping block/pressure head wound (behavior large scale is tested it is negligible, but Influence to molecule sample is more significant) cause measured result inaccurate.Further, since institute's test specimens size is smaller, When being pressurized, less than 1mm, conventional observation means are difficult to monitor in the gap between usual pressure head and chopping block, therefore sample is from compression Real-time monitoring into shattering process is always the difficult point in studying.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a kind of experimental provision for testing molecule sample breaking strength, and the device is special It is tested for the crushing behavior of molecule sample (partial size is less than 2mm), uses high-precision driving motor and laser displacement Sensor carries out the load and measurement in experimentation, improves measurement accuracy and response speed;Matched with devices has real-time micro- sight Examining system can record sample from the germinating and extension, the ejection of broken moment by the metamorphosis, crackle being pressed onto shattering process Behavior and ejection speed, it is broken after particle diameter distribution etc. of particle can be the Crushing Mechanics parameter of research sample, crushing behavior and respectively Class Study on influencing factors provides the data supporting of multiplicity, in addition, can also be carried out in sample shattering process using the experimental provision Chopping block, the derogatory behaviour research of pressure head material, research of particle sample insertion behavior etc..
To realize first invention purpose, used technical solution is:
A kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device, the uniaxial compression as nonmetallic molecule sample Crushing experiment, to measure its breaking strength and process, which is characterized in that shaft coupling is passed through by the driving motor 1 being arranged in rack 2 Device 3 and rotational lead screw 4, which link, is constituted straight line pressure exerting arrangement to drive slide unit 6 to move up and down along guide post 5;Pressure head 10 is existed by setting It drives the collet 9 on slide unit 6 fixed, is constituted with the cooperation of chopping block 12 and the normal direction of sample to be tested is loaded;Chopping block is arranged with pressure Sensor 13;It is placed in 4 bottom end of rotational lead screw and is provided with encoder 15, drive and be provided with monitoring driving slide unit and guide post on slide unit 6 The laser displacement sensor 8 of vertical displacement;The monitoring signals structure of encoder 15, laser displacement sensor 8 and pressure sensor 14 Plc data acquisition module is imported at the signal acquiring system of experimental provision;By the portable microscope 16 being placed near chopping block The monitoring and recording system of particle sample shattering process in experiment is constituted with high speed microscope camera 17.
In this way, using straight line sliding desk type structure as loading device, with dynamic head to the sample to be tested being placed on chopping block into Row uniaxial compression;Experiment power in sample pressurized process is measured by being mounted on the pressure sensor below chopping block, the method in experiment It is measured to displacement by being parallelly mounted to the laser displacement sensor on slide unit with pressure head, is installed on the through of ball-screw bottom Encoder continuously generates pulse signal in the work of straight line slide unit, and the signal is as pressure sensor and laser displacement sensor Outer triggering signal guarantees real-time, the synchronous acquisition of pressure and displacement in experimentation;In sample to be tested institute X, the side Y in the plane To one portable microscope of each arrangement, for shooting Sample Image before experiment and measuring irregular sample at X, Y, Z tri- The partial size of dimension is disposed with high speed microscope camera in the X-direction other side in the plane in sample to be tested institute, for recording entire examination Sample is from by the real-time micro-image being pressed onto shattering process.
Second purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of using above-mentioned experimental provision progress molecule sample breaking strength and pressure Head/chopping block material damage behavioral study experimental method, this method can comprehensively consider the broken numerous influence factors of sample, letter List quickly completes a series of sample crushing behavior experiment.
The present invention is to realize the second goal of the invention, and used technical solution is: the material of processing pressure head 10 and chopping block 12 It is selected according to experiment purpose, the steel alloy of high rigidity is used in routine test;Experimental procedure is as follows:
(1) prepare sample to be tested and sample is grouped according to experiment purpose, every group of preparation sample quantities 50-200;
(2) using microscope photographing test specimens in X, the micro-image of Y-direction before every group of experiment starts, and measurement examination respectively Actual size of the sample in tri- dimensions of X, Y, Z;
(3) starting driving motor 1 carries out compression to sample to be tested until sample is broken with the loading velocity of setting, and pressure passes Pressure under external trigger mode in automatic collection experimentation of sensor and laser displacement sensor, displacement signal, high speed are aobvious Micro- camera record sample is from by being pressed onto broken whole process;
(4) after stopping experiment, the sample collected on pressure head and chopping block is crushed clast, uses the pressure of acquisition, displacement signal The force-displacement curve in sample shattering process is drawn, the critical broken of sample is determined according to the critical catastrophe point on force-displacement curve Broken power and critical broken deformation carry out the crushing work that numerical integration calculates sample to the force-displacement curve in sample shattering process, According to the Form Development in the camera shooting analysis sample shattering process of high speed microscope camera (17);
(5) repeat to test, whole samples experiment until completing sample to be tested, the Fitting Calculation sample to be tested it is broken strong Degree, crushing work, in addition can also broken type to sample, in sample shattering process caused by chopping block/pressure head material surface damage, The particle diameter distribution etc. of broken sample is studied.
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 1 removes the B-B top view after straight line pressure exerting arrangement.
Fig. 4 is the workflow and control logic between each component of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional appearance photo of test sample before the embodiment of the present invention is tested.Scheming (a) is X-direction;Scheming (b) is the side Y To.
Fig. 6 is the force-displacement curve and sample in experiment loading procedure of the embodiment of the present invention in sample to be tested shattering process Micro-image variation diagram.
Fig. 7 is that the silica sample breaking strength obtained after the embodiment of the present invention is tested is counted with change of size result Figure.
Fig. 8 is silica sample crushing work statistical chart under the different-grain diameter obtained after the embodiment of the present invention is tested.
Fig. 9 is chopping block surface damage shape appearance figure after experiment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Each component in figure are as follows: 1 driving motor, 2 racks, 3 shaft couplings, 4 rotational lead screws, 5 guide posts, 6 slide units, 7 fixtures, 8 swash Optical displacement sensor, 9 collets, 10 pressure heads, 11 samples to be tested, 12 chopping blocks, 13 chopping block fixtures, 14 pressure sensors, 15 encoders, 16 portable microscopes, 17 high speed microscope cameras.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the specific structure of apparatus of the present invention jointly, are led to by the driving motor 1 being arranged in rack 2 It crosses shaft coupling 3 and the linkage of rotational lead screw 4 and is constituted straight line pressure exerting arrangement to drive slide unit 6 to move up and down along guide post 5;Pressure head 10 passes through The collet 9 being arranged on driving slide unit 6 is fixed, constitutes with the cooperation of chopping block 12 and loads to the normal direction of molecule sample 11;Chopping block It is arranged with pressure sensor 13;It is placed in 4 bottom end of rotational lead screw and is provided with encoder 15, drive and be provided with monitoring drive on slide unit 6 The laser displacement sensor 8 of dynamic slide unit and guide post vertical displacement;Encoder 15, laser displacement sensor 8 and pressure sensor 14 Monitoring signals constitute the signal acquiring system of experimental provision;It is aobvious by the portable microscope 16 and high speed that are placed near chopping block Micro- video camera 17 constitutes the monitoring and recording system of sample shattering process in experiment.
The pressure sensor is installed on the experiment power in chopping block fixture lower end measurement sample pressurized process, and range is 500N, precision 0.01N;The laser displacement sensor and pressure head are installed on slide unit jointly, and measurement direction is parallel to cunning The platform direction of motion measures the Normal Displacement in sample pressurized process, range 5mm, precision 0.1 using non-contact measurement mode μm;The encoder is bearing structure, and rotor is installed on 4 bottom shaft end of rotary screw rod, is connected in motor shaft and screw rod rotation The continuous outer triggering signal for generating pulse signal as pressure sensor and laser displacement sensor, retentivity and strain signal Real-time synchronization acquisition, precision be 600 pulses/turn;The portable microscope is respectively arranged in Z axis plane where sample to be tested X, Y-direction, multiplying power be × 50;The direction-X of Z axis plane where the high speed microscope camera is installed on sample to be tested, times Rate × 200, shooting frame rate 2000FPS.
Fig. 4 shows the integrated and control logic of each component of apparatus of the present invention, tests after starting first with portable micro- Mirror is in shooting Sample Image and measures irregular sample in the partial size of tri- dimensions of X, Y, Z;PLC action module controls motor and drives Dynamic device driving motor work drives slide unit and the pressure head being mounted on slide unit and laser displacement sensor in movement in vertical direction, Sample to be tested is compressed;Encoder 15 continuously generates pulse signal during motor action, which will be used as pressure Sensor and the outer triggering signal of laser displacement sensor in real time, synchronous give power in experimentation and displacement transmission to PLC number According to acquisition module;The pressure force-displacement curve of real-time display experimentation kind after plc data acquisition module handles data, And determine whether sample is crushed according to real time data, it is broken to determine that sample occurs when detecting that moment decline occurs in pressure value Broken, PLC action module will control motor stopping movement;It is broken from being pressed onto that experimentation high speed microscope camera records sample Real-time micro-image in whole process.
A method of sample crushing behavior experimental study being carried out using this experimental provision, the steps include:
Pressure head and test block material select CL60 wheel material and U71Mn rail material, pressure head processing respectively in the present embodiment For the pin type structure of diameter 5mm, chopping block is processed as 10mm × 5mm × 5mm block structure, and pressure head axial end and test block surface carry out Polishing treatment, roughness is less than 1 μm.
Selected sample to be tested is silica sample, and sample particle size range is 0.1-1.2mm, and sample size is 200. Experiment purpose is in the breaking strength for testing silica sample used in railway stucco increasing stick, crushing work and shattering process to vehicle It is damaged caused by wheel/Rail Surface.
When experiment, by portable microscope shooting sample to be tested in X, the pattern of Y-direction, then starts driving motor and carry out Experiment load, until sample is broken, data collection system records the power acquired in experimentation, displacement signal in real time, removes pressure Head, chopping block surface sample clast, repeat experiment and be crushed to all samples.
Fig. 5 is the sample to be tested that is shot before experiment with portable microscope in X, the microphoto of Y-direction, each sample Practical three-dimensional dimension can be measured directly on the image.
Fig. 6 is the examination of the force-displacement curve and high-speed camera record in the sample shattering process recorded in experimentation The sample form variation of sample in each stage.As seen from Figure 3, when sample occurs broken, force-displacement curve occurs apparent different It often reduces, which is registered as the critical break-up point of the sample, and corresponding experiment power and displacement are respectively recorded as sample Critical crushing force and strain.
The breaking strength of the sample is calculated according to the critical crushing force measured:
σ=(4Fc)/(πd^2) (1)
Wherein FcFor the critical crushing force measured in Fig. 3, d is the equivalent grain size of sample, is existed by the sample that measures in Fig. 5 X, the harmonic-mean of the equivalent length, width and height on two perspective planes Y (represents identical with the sample circumscribed rectangular body surface area etc. Effect radius of sphericity) it is calculated:
D=3/ (1/lx+1/ly+2/(hx+hy)) (2)
lx、hx、ly、hyThe sample that respectively X, Y-direction measure is wide and height value.In the method, all test examinations are calculated The breaking strength of sample.
The breaking strength that Fig. 7 gives sample after test is bent with the logarithmic coordinates scatter plot of sample change of size and fitting Line, fitting result are as follows:
Log σ=- 0.745*logd+1.39, (3)
The breaking strength that silica sample can be obtained is approximately:
σ=24.5/d^0.745. (4)
By that can be tried to the force-displacement curve measured in sample shattering process progress numerical integration (as shown in Figure 6) Crushing work in sample shattering process are as follows:
W is the crushing work of sample in formula, and F (u) is the force-displacement curve in sample shattering process, is measured due to experiment Force-displacement curve is difficult to determine accurate F (u) expression formula, therefore the discrete point by measuring to experiment directly carries out numerical value meter The mode of calculation, wherein n is to be crushed (F to sample since loadc) in data count, Fi, uiRespectively i-th data point Power and shift value.
Fig. 8 gives the crushing work of sample after test with the logarithmic coordinates scatter plot of sample change of size and matched curve, Fitting result are as follows:
LogW=1.73*logd+0.658 (6)
The crushing work that silica sample can be obtained is approximately
W=4.55*d^1.73 (7)
Fig. 9 is chopping block specimen surface damage morphologies figure after experiment, it can be seen from the figure that due to silica sample hardness Remote super chopping block material hardness, therefore in sample shattering process serious pit and broken sample can be left in chopping block material surface Embedded damage, the damage feature is consistent with specimen surface damage feature after wheel track interface stucco increasing stick, shows that sample was crushed The material damage formed in journey is the important sources that wheel rail material damages during leading to stucco increasing stick.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention.In practical applications, needle To detection sample and test purpose difference, the present invention in experimental provision can do it is suitably modified, experimental method can with and should There are corresponding adjustment and variation.With within principle, made any modification, changes equivalent replacement all spirit in the method for the present invention Into etc., it should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of molecule sample shattering process research experiment device, the uniaxial compression as nonmetallic molecule sample is broken Broken experiment, to measure its breaking strength and process, which is characterized in that connection is passed through by the driving motor (1) being arranged on rack (2) Axis device (3) and rotational lead screw (4), which are linked, is constituted straight line pressure exerting arrangement to drive slide unit (6) to move up and down along guide post (5);Pressure head (10) collet (9) by setting in driving slide unit (6) is fixed, and the method to sample to be tested (11) is constituted with chopping block (12) cooperation To load;Chopping block is arranged with pressure sensor (13);It is placed in rotational lead screw (4) bottom end to be provided with encoder (15), driving is slided The laser displacement sensor (8) of monitoring driving slide unit Yu guide post vertical displacement is provided on platform (6);Encoder (15), laser position The signal acquiring system that the monitoring signals of displacement sensor (8) and pressure sensor (14) constitute experimental provision imports plc data Acquisition module;Sample in experiment is constituted by being placed in the portable microscope near chopping block (16) and high speed microscope camera (17) The monitoring and recording system of shattering process.
2. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: monitoring and recording system chopping block (12) institute in the plane X, Y-direction is respectively disposed with microscope (16), for shooting Sample Image before experiment and measuring irregular sample at X, Y, Z tri- The partial size of dimension is disposed with high speed microscope camera (17) in the X-direction other side in the plane in sample to be tested (11) institute, for remembering Entire sample is recorded from by the real-time micro-image being pressed onto shattering process.
3. the experimental method of experimental provision according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that pressure head (10) and chopping block (12) Material selected according to experiment purpose, in routine test use high rigidity steel alloy;Experimental procedure is as follows:
(1) prepare sample to be tested and sample is grouped according to experiment purpose, every group of preparation sample quantities 50-200;
(2) using microscope photographing test specimens in X, the micro-image of Y-direction before every group of experiment starts, and measurement sample exists respectively X, the actual size of tri- dimensions of Y, Z;
(3) starting driving motor (1) with the loading velocity of setting carries out compression to sample to be tested until sample is broken, pressure sensing Pressure under external trigger mode in automatic collection experimentation of device and laser displacement sensor, displacement signal, high speed are micro- Camera record sample is from by being pressed onto broken whole process;
(4) after stopping experiment, the sample collected on pressure head and chopping block is crushed clast, is drawn using the pressure of acquisition, displacement signal Force-displacement curve in sample shattering process determines the critical crushing force of sample according to the critical catastrophe point on force-displacement curve And critical broken deformation, the crushing work that numerical integration calculates sample is carried out to the force-displacement curve in sample shattering process, according to Form Development in the camera shooting analysis sample shattering process of high speed microscope camera (17);
(5) it repeats to test, whole samples experiment until completing sample to be tested, the breaking strength of the Fitting Calculation sample to be tested is broken Broken function, in addition can also broken type to sample, in sample shattering process caused by chopping block/pressure head material surface damage, broken The particle diameter distribution etc. of sample is studied.
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CN110038666A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-07-23 闽江师范高等专科学校 Intelligent crushing machine and working method
CN110967248A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-04-07 英国微力测量有限公司 Microparticle strength measuring instrument and measuring method
CN111157408A (en) * 2020-01-05 2020-05-15 天津大学 Method and device for measuring caking strength parameter of granular material through single solid bridge
CN111595676A (en) * 2020-05-26 2020-08-28 山东科技大学 Device for measuring impact kinetic energy of broken block in uniaxial compression experimental process
CN111721618A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-09-29 内蒙古科技大学 Test platform for testing impact crushing characteristic of ore particles
CN112146988A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Single-particle self-supporting solid-phase elastoplasticity testing device
CN114136817A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-04 元能科技(厦门)有限公司 Evaluation method for crushing strength of powder particles
CN114166628A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-11 湖北工程学院 Method for determining relative crushing rate of calcareous sand under different stress paths
CN114414374A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 矿冶科技集团有限公司 Superfine ceramic powder crushing strength testing equipment and method
CN114613458A (en) * 2022-04-19 2022-06-10 中南大学 Particle crushing simulation method and system based on conventional state type near field dynamics

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