CN109654763B - System and method for obtaining optimal matching of vessel cold finger and inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation - Google Patents
System and method for obtaining optimal matching of vessel cold finger and inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109654763B CN109654763B CN201910021594.7A CN201910021594A CN109654763B CN 109654763 B CN109654763 B CN 109654763B CN 201910021594 A CN201910021594 A CN 201910021594A CN 109654763 B CN109654763 B CN 109654763B
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- cold finger
- phase modulation
- air reservoir
- pressure sensor
- phase difference
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1411—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by control details, e.g. tuning, phase shifting or general control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for obtaining optimal matching of a vascular cold finger and an inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation. The system comprises a linear compressor, a pulse tube cold finger, an active phase modulation device, an inertance tube air reservoir, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, an oscilloscope, a hot wire anemometer, a vacuum Dewar and a refrigerating capacity measuring system. The pressure sensor is used for measuring cold finger inlet pressure waves and cold finger outlet pressure waves; the displacement sensor is used for measuring the scavenging volume of the compressor; the oscilloscope is used for measuring the phase relation between the pressure wave and the displacement of the piston; when the best performance of the vascular cold finger is found out through the active phase modulation device, the phase relation between the pressure wave of the cold finger and the volume flow is found. And changing the phase modulation device into an inertia tube air reservoir, and changing the size parameters of the inertia tube air reservoir to achieve the phase relation between the pressure wave and the volume flow of the vascular cold finger during active phase modulation, so that the vascular cold finger achieves the optimal performance. The invention has the advantages of capability of eliminating the interference of the measurement of the refrigerating capacity of the vascular cold finger, independent evaluation of the performance of the vascular cold finger, easy operation and simple structure.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the field of regenerative cryocoolers, and particularly relates to a system and a method for obtaining optimal matching of pulse tube cold finger and inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation.
The background technology is as follows:
the pulse tube refrigerator is a novel regenerative low-temperature refrigerator, compared with the traditional Stirling refrigerator, the pulse tube refrigerator eliminates mechanical moving parts of a cold end, adopts a phase modulation mechanism of a hot end to obtain an ideal phase relation, and has the advantages of simple structure, small vibration, high reliability and the like. In the 80 s of the 20 th century, pulse tube refrigerators have been widely paid attention to and studied at home and abroad, and have been widely used in aerospace, superconducting industry, low-temperature electronics, low-temperature medicine and the like. With the intensive research on pulse tube refrigeration mechanism and the stepwise improvement of direction regulating mechanism, the technology of pulse tube refrigerators is mature, and especially the efficiency of temperature areas above 80K can reach the level equivalent to that of Sterling refrigerators.
The pulse tube refrigerator consists of three parts, including a linear compressor, a pulse tube cold finger and a phase modulation mechanism, and the high-efficiency operation of the refrigerator has great relation with the coupling degree of the three parts. The phase of a pulse tube refrigerator refers to the pressure wave amplitude, mass flow amplitude and phase angle between the pressure wave and mass flow throughout the pulse tube refrigerator. Since pulse tube refrigerators have no ejector compared to stirling refrigerators, proper phase adjustment becomes important, proper phase difference between pressure wave and mass flow, and reasonable phase relationship can effectively reduce heat back loss and optimize heat exchange efficiency of pulse tube cold finger. At present, because of the strong coupling characteristics of a compressor, a pulse tube cold finger and a phase modulation mechanism in a regenerative low-temperature refrigerator, indirect problem diagnosis can only be carried out according to the overall performance of the refrigerator, and no method is available for enabling the pulse tube refrigerator cold finger to be optimally matched with an inertia tube air reservoir phase modulation.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a method for obtaining optimal matching of pulse tube cold finger and inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation, which solves the problem that the existing regenerative cryocooler cannot independently and effectively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the method for obtaining optimal matching of pulse tube cold finger and inertia tube gas reservoir phase modulation.
The optimized refrigerating system comprises a linear compressor 1, a first dynamic pressure sensor 2, a vascular cold finger to be evaluated 3, a vacuum Dewar 4, a refrigerating capacity measuring system 5, an inertia tube 6, an air reservoir 7, an oscilloscope 8, a first displacement sensor 9, a second dynamic pressure sensor 10, a hot wire anemometer 11, an active phase modulation piston 12 and a second displacement sensor 13;
the invention relates to a method for judging the optimal phase of a vascular cold finger, which comprises the following steps:
1) By driving the linear compressor 1 and the piston displacement of the active phase modulation piston 12, the phase difference between the two pistons is regulated, and the refrigerating capacity measuring system 5 measures the refrigerating temperature T c And refrigerating capacity Q c Obtaining the phase difference when the cold finger 3 has the optimal performance;
2) The phase modulation device is replaced by an inertia tube 6 air reservoir 7, the amplitude and the phase difference of a displacement sensor 9 and a dynamic pressure sensor 10, namely the compressor piston displacement X, a pressure wave P and the phase difference theta of the pressure wave and the compression piston displacement are read by an oscilloscope 8 through adjusting the input power of the linear compressor 1; the hot wire anemometer 11 reads its volumetric flow rate;
3) Indirectly calculating according to the thermoacoustic theory to obtain the output sound work W of the linear compressor 1 a The method comprises the following steps: w (W) a Pi fa|p| x|sinθ is a function of the sum of the values of x|sinθ, wherein A is the surface area of the piston and f is the operating frequency;
4) The phase difference of the vascular cold finger 3 can be effectively regulated by continuously changing the specification parameters of the air reservoir 7 of the inertial tube 6;
5) Adjusting the phase difference to the phase difference when the vessel cold finger 3 performs best in the step 1 by utilizing the phase modulation capability of the air reservoir 7 of the inertance tube 6;
6) The vessel cold finger 3 is optimally matched with the inertance tube 6 air reservoir 7 for the phase difference when the vessel is at optimal performance.
The invention has the advantages that: the method solves the problem that when the overall performance of the existing regenerative cryocooler does not reach the design target, whether the pulse tube cold finger is in the optimal phase is effectively judged. The optimal matching method for the pulse tube cold finger and the inertial tube air reservoir is provided, so that the pressure wave and the mass flow are in optimal phase difference, and the proper phase relation can reduce the backheating loss and optimize the heat exchange efficiency of the pulse tube cold finger, thereby improving the performance of the refrigerator.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an experimental schematic diagram of the method for obtaining the best matching of a vascular cold finger and an inertial tube air reservoir according to the invention;
in the figure: 1. a linear compressor; 2. a first dynamic pressure sensor; 3. vascular cold finger to be evaluated; 3.1, a main hot end heat exchanger of a vessel cold finger to be evaluated; 3.2, a pulse tube cold finger heat regenerator to be evaluated; 3.3, a cold finger cold end heat exchanger of the vein pipe to be evaluated; 3.4, the vessel to be evaluated is a cold finger vessel; 3.5, a vessel cold finger secondary heat exchanger to be evaluated; 4. vacuum Dewar; 5. a refrigeration amount measuring system; 6. an inertial tube; 7. an air reservoir; 8. an oscillograph; 9. a displacement sensor; 10. a second dynamic pressure sensor; 11. a hot wire anemometer; 12. an active phasing piston; 13. a second displacement sensor.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a method for obtaining optimal matching between a pulse tube cold finger and an inertance tube air reservoir, which comprises a linear compressor 1, a first dynamic pressure sensor 2, a pulse tube cold finger to be evaluated 3, a vacuum Dewar 4, a refrigerating quantity measuring system 5, an inertance tube 6, an air reservoir 7, an oscilloscope 8, a first displacement sensor 9, a second dynamic pressure sensor 10, a hot wire anemometer 11, an active phase modulation piston 12 and a second displacement sensor 13.
The section of the air outlet hole of the linear compressor 1 is provided with a sealing groove and is matched with a rubber sealing ring, and the sealing groove is in threaded connection with the first dynamic pressure sensor 2; the first dynamic pressure sensor 2 is connected with an air inlet flange of a vessel cold finger 3 to be evaluated and is provided with a metal sealing ring; the air outlet of the vessel cold finger 3 to be evaluated is connected with a second dynamic pressure sensor 10 flange and is provided with a metal sealing ring; the dynamic pressure sensor 10 is in threaded connection with the inertia tube 6 and the air inlet of the air reservoir 7 and is matched with a metal sealing ring; vacuum Dewar 4 is arranged on the periphery of the vessel cold finger 3 to be evaluated, and vacuum degree 10 during test is maintained -4 Pa or more; the measuring instrument of the refrigerating capacity measuring system 5 is arranged on the cold end heat exchanger 3.3 of the pulse tube cold finger 3 to be evaluated to measure the refrigerating temperature and the refrigerating capacity; the linear compressor 1 is connected to an oscilloscope 8 with a displacement sensor 9 mounted on the compression piston together with a dynamic pressure sensor 10.
The evaluation method of the device comprises the following steps:
1) By driving the linear compressor 1 and the piston displacement of the active phase modulation piston 12, the phase difference between the two pistons is regulated, and the refrigerating capacity measuring system 5 measures the refrigerating temperature T c And refrigerating capacity Q c Obtaining the phase difference when the cold finger 3 has the best performance;
2) The phase modulation device is replaced by an inertia tube 6 air reservoir 7, and the amplitude and the phase difference of a displacement sensor 9 and a dynamic pressure sensor 10, namely the compressor piston displacement X, a pressure wave P and the phase difference theta of the pressure wave and the compression piston displacement are read by utilizing an oscilloscope 8 by adjusting the input power of the linear compressor 1; the hot wire anemometer 11 reads its volumetric flow rate;
3) Indirectly calculating according to the thermoacoustic theory to obtain the output sound work W of the linear compressor 1 a The method comprises the following steps: w (W) a Pi fa|p| x|sinθ is a function of the sum of the values of x|sinθ, wherein A is the surface area of the piston and f is the operating frequency;
4) The phase difference of the vascular cold finger 3 can be effectively regulated by continuously changing the specification parameters of the air reservoir 7 of the inertial tube 6;
5) Adjusting the phase difference to the phase difference when the vessel cold finger 3 performs best in the step 1 by utilizing the phase modulation capability of the air reservoir 7 of the inertance tube 6;
6) The vessel cold finger 3 is optimally matched with the inertance tube 6 air reservoir 7 for the phase difference when the vessel is at optimal performance.
Finally, it should be noted that: it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. The vessel cold finger and inertance tube air reservoir phase modulation optimal matching system comprises a linear compressor (1), a first dynamic pressure sensor (2), a vessel cold finger (3) to be evaluated, a vacuum Dewar (4), a refrigerating capacity measuring system (5), an inertance tube (6), an air reservoir (7), an oscilloscope (8), a motion sensor (9), a second dynamic pressure sensor (10), a hot wire anemometer (11), an active phase modulation piston (12) and a second motion sensor (13); the section of the air outlet hole of the linear compressor (1) is provided with a sealing groove, is provided with a rubber sealing ring and is in threaded connection with the first dynamic pressure sensor (2); the first dynamic pressure sensor (2) is connected with an air inlet flange of a vessel cold finger (3) to be evaluated and is provided with a metal sealing ring; an air outlet of the vessel cold finger (3) to be evaluated is connected with a flange of a second dynamic pressure sensor (10) and is provided with a metal sealing ring; the dynamic pressure sensor (10) is in threaded connection with an inertia tube (6) and an air inlet of an air reservoir (7) and is provided with a metal sealing ring;vacuum Dewar (4) is arranged on the periphery of the vessel cold finger (3) to be evaluated, and the vacuum degree is 10 during test -4 Pa or more; the measuring instrument of the refrigerating capacity measuring system (5) is arranged at the cold end heat exchanger (3.3) of the pulse tube cold finger (3) to be evaluated to measure the refrigerating temperature and the refrigerating capacity; a displacement sensor (9) is arranged on a compression piston of the linear compressor (1) and is connected with the oscilloscope (8) together with the dynamic pressure sensor (10);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The phase difference between the two pistons is regulated by driving the piston displacement of the linear compressor (1) and the active phase modulation piston (12), and the refrigerating temperature T is measured by the refrigerating capacity measuring system (5) c And refrigerating capacity Q c Obtaining the phase difference when the cold finger (3) has the best performance;
2) The phase modulation device is replaced by an air reservoir (7) of an inertia tube (6), and the amplitude and the phase difference of a displacement sensor (9) and a dynamic pressure sensor (10), namely the displacement X of a compressor piston, a pressure wave P and the phase difference theta of the pressure wave and the displacement of the compressor piston are read by an oscilloscope (8) through adjusting the input power of the linear compressor (1); the hot wire anemometer (11) reads the volume flow rate;
3) Indirectly calculating according to the thermoacoustic theory to obtain the output sound work W of the linear compressor (1) a The method comprises the following steps:
wherein A is the surface area of the piston and f is the operating frequency;
4) The phase difference of the vascular cold finger (3) can be effectively regulated by continuously regulating the specification parameters of the air reservoir (7) of the inertia tube (6);
5) Adjusting the phase difference to the phase difference when the vessel cold finger (3) has the optimal performance in the step (1) by utilizing the phase modulation capability of the air reservoir (7) of the inertia tube (6);
6) The phase difference of the vessels is the best performance, and the vessel cold finger (3) is best matched with the air reservoir (7) of the inertia tube (6).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113074468A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Pulse tube refrigerator system with single piston phase modulation and vibration reduction method thereof |
| CN112966399B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2023-08-22 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Pulse tube refrigerator working condition prediction method and system based on machine learning |
| CN113074470B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Pulse tube refrigerator with low-temperature cavity structure |
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| CN101603743B (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江大学 | Acoustic power amplifier used in inertia tube phase adjustment and pulse tube refrigerator thereof |
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| CN1975292A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2007-06-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Adsorption phase-regulating vascular refrigerator |
| CN101806512A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Miniature pulse tube refrigerator based on optical fiber technology |
| CN103968592A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-08-06 | 浙江大学 | Pulse tube refrigerator using corrugated pipe as adjustable air reservoir |
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