CN210863175U - Device for evaluating optimal phase matching of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator - Google Patents
Device for evaluating optimal phase matching of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN210863175U CN210863175U CN201921527815.XU CN201921527815U CN210863175U CN 210863175 U CN210863175 U CN 210863175U CN 201921527815 U CN201921527815 U CN 201921527815U CN 210863175 U CN210863175 U CN 210863175U
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Abstract
The patent discloses an evaluation pneumatic stirling refrigerator optimal phase matching's device. The linear compressor and the phase modulation Stirling cold finger in the device are connected through a connecting pipe; the pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipe and used for measuring pressure waves at the outlet of the linear compressor; the displacement sensor is used for measuring displacement waves of the compressor and the piston in the cold finger; the control system controls and adjusts the displacement and phase relation of the compressor and the piston in the Stirling cold finger by adjusting the amplitude and phase of the input voltage of the compressor and the expander driving motor, so as to obtain the optimal phase relation under the optimal performance of the Stirling cold finger; and removing the driving motor, testing the displacement and phase relation of the compressor and the pneumatic cold finger inner piston, and evaluating whether the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator reaches the optimal phase relation. The advantage of this patent lies in can simply, obtain stirling refrigerator's optimal phase relation fast, whether evaluation pneumatic stirling reaches optimal phase place, improves stirling refrigerator design optimization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to a regenerative low-temperature refrigerator, in particular to a device for evaluating optimal phase matching of a Stirling refrigerator.
Background
With the increasingly wide application of high-temperature superconducting materials and infrared detection technology in the fields of energy, medical treatment, aerospace and the like, the application field of cryogenic refrigerators is increasingly wide.
Stirling coolers are a typical type of regenerative cryocoolers, which can be divided into monolithic and split types. The split Stirling refrigerator has compressor and cold finger connected via thin pipe and separated completely. Compared with the integral type, the split type compressor can effectively weaken the influence of vibration and noise of the compressor on the performance of the cold finger. The split stirling cryocooler is a reciprocating piston-displacer type cryocooler consisting of two separate cylinders in which the expansion piston moves freely. Thus, how the expansion piston maintains the correct stroke in the cylinder, and how to maintain a proper phase relationship with the movement of the compressor piston, is a major issue for split-type stirling coolers. The expansion piston can be driven by an independent motor, and a complex electric control system is adopted to accurately control the phase difference of the motion between the compressor piston and the expansion piston.
The expansion piston of the pneumatic split Stirling refrigerator is not driven by a motor, and the whole refrigerator is only provided with one compressor and one motor, so that the weight and the volume of the whole refrigerator can be reduced, the energy consumption is low, and the pneumatic split Stirling refrigerator has attractive application prospects in the fields of infrared and superconducting electronics and the like. In this case, the ejector is driven by periodic pressure waves generated by the compressor, the ejector and the supporting spring form a forced vibration system, the generated damping force can generate a proper phase difference, so that the movement of the ejector leads the compression piston to generate refrigeration by a phase angle, and how to evaluate the phase angle is always a difficult point in the design of the pneumatic refrigerator.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems and needs in the art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for evaluating the optimum phase matching of a pneumatic stirling cooler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the patent is as follows:
the device for evaluating the optimal phase matching of the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator comprises a linear compressor, a connecting pipe, a phase-modulated Stirling cold finger, a data acquisition and control system, a pressure sensor, a driving motor, a vacuum Dewar, a refrigerating capacity testing system, a driving power supply, a first displacement sensor of the compressor, a second displacement sensor of the compressor, a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor and a Stirling cold finger to be evaluated, wherein the phase-modulated Stirling cold finger comprises a cold head, an expansion piston, a cylinder and a spring.
The linear compressor is connected with the phase modulation Stirling cold finger through a connecting pipe, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipe; the linear compressor adopts an opposed linear compressor, and a first displacement sensor and a second displacement sensor of the compressor are respectively arranged on two sides of the linear compressor; the cold head is provided with a refrigerating capacity testing system for measuring refrigerating temperature and refrigerating capacity; a vacuum dewar is arranged outside the cylinder through a flange structure, so that high vacuum degree during testing is ensured; the phase modulation Stirling cold finger is connected with the driving motor and supports the expansion piston through a spring; a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor is arranged on the side of the driving motor; the pressure sensor, the first displacement sensor of the compressor, the second displacement sensor of the compressor, the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor and the refrigerating output testing system are connected with the data acquisition and control system and used for adjusting and monitoring data of each measuring point.
The connecting pipe is connected with the linear compressor and the phase modulation Stirling cold finger through threads, so that the connecting pipe is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the working efficiency is improved.
The pressure sensor is connected to the connecting pipe through threads.
The driving motor is driven by a linear motor.
The Stirling cold finger to be evaluated is a pneumatic Stirling cold finger, and an expansion piston is supported by a spring to reciprocate.
In a possible implementation mode, the displacement sensor adopts a laser displacement sensor, wherein a lens is installed at the bottom of a shell of the linear compressor, the shell is connected with the lens through a flange structure, and a first displacement sensor of the compressor and a second displacement sensor of the compressor measure displacement waves of a piston of the linear compressor through the lens;
the lens is made of a sapphire glass material;
the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor measures displacement waves of the cold finger side by the same method.
In another possible embodiment, the displacement sensor is a metal-inductive linear displacement sensor.
A method for evaluating the optimal phase matching of a pneumatic Stirling refrigerator comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps that a data acquisition system is used for monitoring a first displacement sensor of a compressor, a second displacement sensor of the compressor, a pressure sensor, a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor and a refrigerating capacity testing system in real time;
2) the amplitude and the phase of the input voltage of the linear compressor and the driving motor are adjusted through a control system, and the displacement X of the piston is adjustedcExpansion piston displacement Xd；
3) Measuring pressure wave P between the linear compressor and the phase modulation Stirling cold finger in real time through a pressure sensor;
4) obtaining PV work output by the linear compressor according to thermodynamic calculation:
Acis the cross-sectional area of the piston, Δ P, of the linear compressorcIs maximum pressure P at the connecting pipemaxAnd minimum pressure PminTheta represents the phase angle at which the pressure wave at the connecting tube leads the piston displacement.
5) Temperature T at cold head is collected through refrigerating capacity test systemcAnd a refrigeration capacity Q;
6) the phase-modulated Stirling cold finger refrigerating performance is obtained:
the performance is an important index for evaluating the refrigerating performance of the Stirling refrigerator;
7) adjusting the phase angle of the expansion piston by the driving motor, when COP is optimal value, the displacement phase of the expansion piston is different from that of the piston of the linear compressor
8) Removing a driving motor, adopting pneumatic phase modulation to replace motor driving active phase modulation, testing the displacement and phase relationship between a piston in a compressor and an expansion piston in a pneumatic Stirling cold finger to be evaluated through a data acquisition system, wherein the displacement phase difference between the expansion piston at the moment and the piston displacement phase difference of the compressor is α, and comparing the phase difference
α, if the two phase difference values are equal, the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator reaches the optimal phase relation, otherwise, the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator does not reach the optimal phase relation。
Compared with the prior art, this patent has following beneficial effect:
the phase is actively adjusted through the driving of the motor, so that the optimal phase relation of the Stirling refrigerator can be simply and quickly obtained; the driving motor is removed, the phase relation of the compressor and the piston in the pneumatic cold finger is tested, whether the pneumatic Stirling reaches the optimal phase is evaluated, and the method is favorable for improving the optimization efficiency of the Stirling cold finger design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for evaluating optimal phase matching for a pneumatic Stirling cryocooler according to the teachings of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic Stirling cryocooler system under evaluation provided in the practice of this patent;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the displacement of the test piston of the laser displacement sensor provided by the present patent.
The numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. a linear compressor; 101. a piston; 102. a housing; 103. a lens; 104. a flange structure; 2. connecting pipes; 3. phase-modulated Stirling cold fingers; 301. cooling the head; 302. an expansion piston; 303. a cylinder; 304. a spring; 4. a data acquisition and control system; 5. a pressure sensor; 6. a drive motor; 7. a vacuum dewar; 8. a refrigeration capacity test system; 9. a drive power supply; 10. a compressor first displacement sensor; 11. a compressor second displacement sensor; 12. a stirling cold finger displacement sensor; 13. the pneumatic stirling cold finger was evaluated.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a device for evaluating optimal phase matching of a pneumatic stirling cryocooler, including a linear compressor 1, a connecting pipe 2, a phase-modulated stirling cold finger 3, a data acquisition and control system 4, a pressure sensor 5, a driving motor 6, a vacuum dewar 7, a refrigeration capacity testing system 8, a driving power supply 9, a compressor first displacement sensor 10, a compressor second displacement sensor 11, a stirling cold finger displacement sensor 12, and a pneumatic stirling cold finger 13 to be evaluated, where the phase-modulated stirling cold finger 3 includes a stirling cold head 301, an expansion piston 302, a cylinder 303, and a spring 304.
In the embodiment, a linear compressor 1 is connected with a phase modulation Stirling cold finger 3 through a connecting pipe 2, and a pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the connecting pipe 2; the linear compressor 1 adopts an opposed linear compressor 1, and a first compressor displacement sensor 10 and a second compressor displacement sensor 11 are respectively arranged at two sides of the linear compressor 1; the cold head 301 is provided with a refrigerating capacity test system 8 for measuring refrigerating temperature and refrigerating capacity; a vacuum Dewar 7 is arranged outside the cylinder 303 through a flange structure 104, so that high vacuum degree during testing is ensured; the phase modulation Stirling cold finger 3 is connected with a driving motor 6 and supports an expansion piston 302 through a spring 304; a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor 12 is arranged on the side of the driving motor 6; the compressor first displacement sensor 10, the compressor second displacement sensor 11, the pressure sensor 5, the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor 12 and the refrigerating capacity testing system 8 are connected with the data acquisition and control system 4 and used for adjusting and monitoring data of each measuring point.
In order to facilitate disassembly and assembly and improve the working efficiency, the connecting pipe 2 is in threaded connection with the linear compressor 1 and the phase modulation Stirling cold finger 3.
The pressure sensor 5 is screwed to the connecting pipe 2 in consideration of convenience of measurement.
In the present embodiment, the pressure sensor 5 is of the voltage sensor type, whose model number is Kistler5015a1000
In this embodiment, the driving motor 6 is driven by a linear motor.
In this embodiment, the stirling cold finger 13 to be evaluated is a pneumatic stirling cold finger, and an expansion piston is supported by a spring to reciprocate.
Next, the displacement sensor test method will be described in detail by way of specific examples.
In one possible embodiment, the displacement sensor is a laser displacement sensor, wherein,
as shown in fig. 2, a lens 103 is installed at the bottom of a casing 102 of the linear compressor 1, the casing 102 is connected to the lens 103 through a flange structure 104, and a compressor first displacement sensor 10 and a compressor second displacement sensor 11 measure displacement waves of a piston 101 of the linear compressor 1 through the lens 103;
the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor measures displacement waves of the cold finger side by the same method;
the lens 103 is made of sapphire glass material.
In this embodiment, the laser displacement sensor is an omnitron Type 83038.
In another possible embodiment, the displacement sensor is a metal-inductive linear displacement sensor.
The method for implementing the above-described apparatus will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.
1) The data acquisition and control system 4 is used for monitoring a first displacement sensor 10 of the compressor, a second displacement sensor 11 of the compressor, a pressure sensor 5, a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor 12 and a refrigerating capacity testing system 8 in real time;
2) the amplitude and the phase of the input voltage of the linear compressor 1 and the drive motor 6 are adjusted through a control system, and the displacement X of the piston 101 is adjustedc Expansion piston 302 displacement Xd；
3) Measuring a pressure wave P between the linear compressor 1 and the phase-modulated Stirling cold finger 3 in real time through a pressure sensor 5;
4) the PV work output by the linear compressor 1 is obtained according to thermodynamic calculation:
Acis the cross-sectional area, delta P, of the piston 101 of the linear compressor 1cIs the maximum pressure P at the connecting pipe 2maxAnd minimum pressure PminTheta represents the phase angle at which the pressure wave at the connecting pipe 2 leads the displacement of the piston 101.
5) Temperature T at cold head 301 is collected by refrigeration capacity test system 8cAnd a refrigeration capacity Q;
6) the refrigeration performance of the phase-modulated Stirling cold finger 3 is obtained:
the performance is an important index for evaluating the refrigerating performance of the Stirling refrigerator;
7) the phase angle of the expansion piston 302 is adjusted by the driving motor 6, and when the COP is an optimal value, the displacement phase of the expansion piston 302 at the time is different from the displacement phase of the piston 101 of the linear compressor 1 by the phase difference
8) Removing the driving motor 6, adopting pneumatic phase modulation to replace motor driving active phase modulation, testing the displacement and phase relationship of the piston 101 in the compressor and the expansion piston 302 in the pneumatic Stirling cold finger 13 to be evaluated through a data acquisition system, wherein the phase difference between the displacement phase of the expansion piston 302 and the displacement phase of the piston 101 of the compressor is α, and comparing the phase difference
And α, if the two phase difference values are equal, the pneumatic Stirling cold finger 13 to be evaluated reaches the optimal phase relation, otherwise, the optimal phase relation is not reached.
It is finally necessary to point out here: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an evaluation pneumatic stirling refrigerator optimal phase matching's device, includes linear compressor (1), connecting pipe (2), cold finger (3) of phase modulation stirling, data acquisition and control system (4), pressure sensor (5), driving motor (6), vacuum dewar (7), refrigerating output test system (8), driving power supply (9), the first displacement sensor of compressor (10), compressor second displacement sensor (11), the cold finger displacement sensor of stirling (12) and the cold finger (13) of waiting to evaluate pneumatic stirling, its characterized in that:
the phase modulation Stirling cold finger (3) comprises a cold head (301), an expansion piston (302), a cylinder (303) and a spring (304); the linear compressor (1) is connected with the phase modulation Stirling cold finger (3) through a connecting pipe (2), and a pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the connecting pipe (2); the pressure sensor (5) is connected to the connecting pipe (2) in a threaded connection mode; the connecting pipe (2) is connected with the linear compressor (1) and the phase modulation Stirling cold finger (3) by adopting threads; the linear compressor (1) adopts an opposed linear compressor, and a first displacement sensor (10) and a second displacement sensor (11) of the compressor are respectively arranged on two sides of the linear compressor (1); a refrigerating capacity testing system (8) is arranged on the cold head (301) and used for measuring refrigerating temperature and refrigerating capacity; a vacuum Dewar (7) is mounted outside the cylinder (303) through a flange structure; the phase modulation Stirling cold finger (3) is connected with a driving motor (6) and supports an expansion piston (302) through a spring (304); a Stirling cold finger displacement sensor (12) is arranged on the side of the driving motor (6); the pressure sensor (5), the refrigerating capacity testing system (8), the first compressor displacement sensor (10), the second compressor displacement sensor (11) and the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor (12) are connected with the data acquisition and control system (4) and used for adjusting and monitoring data of each measuring point.
2. The apparatus for evaluating optimal phase matching for a pneumatic stirling cooler of claim 1, wherein: the Stirling cold finger (13) to be evaluated is a pneumatic Stirling cold finger, and an expansion piston is supported by a spring to reciprocate.
3. The apparatus for evaluating optimal phase matching for a pneumatic stirling cooler of claim 1, wherein: the compressor first displacement sensor (10) and the compressor second displacement sensor (11) adopt laser displacement sensors, and the compressor first displacement sensor (10) and the compressor second displacement sensor (11) measure displacement waves of a piston of the linear compressor (1) through a lens (103) arranged at the bottom of a shell (102) of the linear compressor (1).
4. The apparatus for evaluating optimal phase matching for a pneumatic stirling cooler of claim 1, wherein: the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor (12) adopts a laser displacement sensor, and displacement waves at the cold finger side are measured by adopting the same method as the compressor first displacement sensor (10) and the compressor second displacement sensor (11).
5. The apparatus for evaluating optimal phase matching for a pneumatic stirling cooler of claim 1, wherein: the compressor first displacement sensor (10), the compressor second displacement sensor (11) and the Stirling cold finger displacement sensor (12) adopt metal induction linear displacement sensors.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921527815.XU CN210863175U (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Device for evaluating optimal phase matching of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921527815.XU CN210863175U (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Device for evaluating optimal phase matching of pneumatic Stirling refrigerator |
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| CN210863175U true CN210863175U (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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