CN109653935A - 基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统 - Google Patents

基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统 Download PDF

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CN109653935A
CN109653935A CN201910063277.1A CN201910063277A CN109653935A CN 109653935 A CN109653935 A CN 109653935A CN 201910063277 A CN201910063277 A CN 201910063277A CN 109653935 A CN109653935 A CN 109653935A
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wave energy
water column
energy generating
platform
tlp
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施伟
王亚坡
张礼贤
唐业
由际昆
宁德志
滕斌
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/090457 priority patent/WO2020151160A1/zh
Priority to US16/631,125 priority patent/US10947955B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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Abstract

本发明属于海洋可再生能源利用技术领域，提供了一种基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统，具体为基于TLP浮式平台的风机‑振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电系统，包括海上风力发电系统和振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置；在海洋中利用TLP平台支撑结构建立了风能、振荡水柱式波浪能系统于一体的集成发电系统。该发明可充分利用海上可再生资源，达到提高TLP平台利用率并降低总成本的目的，从而提高经济效益。该新型浮式多能源发电系统提高了海域的有效利用率，降低了建设成本和维修费用，促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用。

Description

基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统
技术领域
本发明属于海洋可再生能源利用技术领域，尤其涉及了一种基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统，以张力腿(TLP)平台为基础将风能和振荡水柱式波浪能相结合的集成发电系统。
背景技术
随着世界经济的飞速发展，能源供需矛盾日益突出，能源问题日益严重。另一方面，化石能源的大量消耗又造成环境恶化，导致全球变暖，气候极端现象频发。因此，能源结构调整亟待解决，发展可再生能源势在必行，而海洋可再生能源的开发利用已成为世界各国发展可再生能源的重点。可再生能源的开发利用对于我国治理大气污染、调整能源结构具有战略意义。风能、波浪能作为最具发展前景的海洋可再生能源，越来越受世界各国的重视。波浪能发电装置，由于能量转化效率低，发电成本较高，可靠性较低，在一定程度上限制了其商业化的发展。随着海上风电技术的发展，逐渐由近海走向深海，而浮式海上风机尚处于发展的初期阶段。在海外已有的浮式风机示范项目中，主要有：半潜式，Spar式，TLP式，驳船式等，而TLP平台由于其具有良好的运动响应特性，整体平稳性能好，发展潜力巨大。随着我国海上风电的安装设备和安装技术的发展，TLP平台在我国海上风电产业中有着广泛的应用前景。
充分将风能和波浪能发电装置相结合，可以有效的提高海洋空间资源的利用效率，提高整体发电系统的经济性，是推进波浪能发电产业化的有效途径。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种基于TLP平台的多能源发电系统，在海洋中利用TLP平台支撑结构建立了风能、振荡水柱式波浪能系统于一体的集成发电系统。该发明可充分利用海上可再生资源，达到提高TLP平台利用率并降低总成本的目的，从而提高经济效益。
本发明的技术方案：
基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统，基于TLP浮式平台的风机-振荡水柱式(OWC)波浪能集成发电系统，包括海上风力发电系统和振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3；
所述的海上风力发电系统包括风机1、塔筒2和TLP平台8；所述的风机1为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机，其通过塔筒2与TLP平台8相连；TLP平台8通过张力筋腱6及锚固系统11与海床7的相连；
所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3通过支柱5固定在TLP平台8的三个浮筒上；所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3包括波浪能发电装置的外壳本体、气室10以及空气透平发电机9；波浪能发电装置的外壳本体内的空间即为气室10，波浪从各个方向进入，顶部设有圆形出气口，出气口处安装有空气透平发电机9；使用时，将基于TLP浮式平台的风机-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电系统放在水域中，在波浪作用下，波浪经振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3进入气室10而形成上下振动的振荡水柱，振荡水柱作上下往复运动使气室10内的气体往复通过气室10顶部的出气口，进而驱动空气透平发电机9发电；
所述的气室10上部为抛物线旋转而成的蘑菇形，下部为空心圆柱体，保证气流末端压强增大，更快的推动空气透平发电机9转动，提高发电效率；气室10内布置3根斜向钢撑，实现气室10与支柱的固接。
所述的空气透平发电机9采用双向空气透平发电机；
振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置将水柱的上下往复运动转化气体的往复运动，进而通过空气透平发电机完成波浪能的发电。本发明充分利用了张力腿的优势和波浪能装置共享平台及电力传输系统。
所述波浪能发电装置周向对称布置于TLP平台的三个浮筒上，可适当减小波浪载荷。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)TLP平台风机具有良好的运动响应特性，整体平稳性能好，发展前景广阔。
(2)将海上风电同波浪能发电装置有效结合，共用海上平台、变压、输电等设备，提高了系统的整体发电功率，增加了发电量和有效工作小时数，降低了投资成本。
(3)波浪能装置采用蘑菇状，降低了波浪载荷，提高了系统的稳定性能。
(4)该新型浮式多能源发电系统提高了海域的有效利用率，降低了建设成本和维修费用，促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用。
附图说明
图1是本发明的浮式风能-波浪能集成系统结构示意图。
图2是本发明的浮式风能-波浪能集成系统三维图。
图中：1风机；2塔筒；3振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置；4钢撑；5支柱；
6张力腿；7海床；8TLP平台；9空气透平发电机；10气室；11锚固系统。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面结合附图和技术方案，对本发明作进一步说明。
图1、图2出示了本发明所述的一种基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统的实施方式。
如图1所示，水平轴风机1通过塔筒2与TLP浮式平台8相连。波浪能发电装置是振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置，波浪能发电装置设在TLP平台的海平面附近，波浪能发电装置3通过钢撑4紧固在支柱5上，钢撑起到支撑波浪能发电装置3的作用。风力发电机1在风力的推动下做旋转运动，将风力转换成机械能，再经过齿轮箱，驱动风力发电机发电。另一方面，振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3内的水柱在波浪起伏的外力作用下做往复运动，进而转化为气室10内气体的往复运动，从而驱动空气透平发电机9发电。采用双向空气透平发电机，因而波浪起落过程均可用来发电，发电连续性较好，效率高。
该方法为：风力发电机1在风力作用下发出电能；振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置3通过钢撑4和支柱5在海平面附近固连，涌向波浪能发电装置3底部的波浪进入到波浪能发电装置3内，在气室10中产生上下振动的水柱，水柱上下振动运动时使气室10内的气体往复通过气室上端的出气口，气体往复通过出气口时驱动空气透平发电机9发电，产生电能。风力发电机产生的电能和波浪能装置产生的电能汇集后，通过传输系统送至电网，供用户使用。
基于浮式风能-波浪能集成系统的施工安装流程如下：首先，在陆上加工制作TLP平台和波浪能发电装置；随后将波浪能发电装置安装在TLP平台上；然后利用专业施工船将组装好的TLP平台和波浪能装置托运到指定海域；随后将张力筋腱6安装，实现TLP平台与海床面的固连；最后安装塔筒2和顶部风机1，完成基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统的施工安装。
由此，本发明采用的是基于TLP平台的浮式基础，能适应于不同水深的海域；风力发电、波浪能发电位于同一平台上，使二者共享支撑平台和电力传输配套系统，很大程度上降低了发电的成本；结构稳定合理，更进一步证明了本发明的可实施性，具有显著的技术效果。

Claims (2)

1.一种基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统，具体为基于TLP浮式平台的风机-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电系统，包括海上风力发电系统和振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(3)；其特征在于，
所述的海上风力发电系统包括风机(1)、塔筒(2)和TLP平台(8)；所述的风机(1)为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机，其通过塔筒(2)与TLP平台(8)相连；TLP平台(8)通过张力筋腱(6)及锚固系统(11)与海床(7)的相连；
所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(3)通过支柱(5)固定在TLP平台(8)的三个浮筒上；所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(3)包括波浪能发电装置的外壳本体、气室(10)以及空气透平发电机(9)；波浪能发电装置的外壳本体内的空间即为气室(10)，波浪从各个方向进入，顶部设有圆形出气口，出气口处安装有空气透平发电机(9)；使用时，将基于TLP浮式平台的风机-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电系统放在水域中，在波浪作用下，波浪经振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(3)进入气室(10)而形成上下振动的振荡水柱，振荡水柱作上下往复运动使气室(10)内的气体往复通过气室(10)顶部的出气口，进而驱动空气透平发电机(9)发电；
所述的气室(10)上部为抛物线旋转而成的蘑菇形，下部为空心圆柱体，保证气流末端压强增大，更快的推动空气透平发电机(9)转动，提高发电效率；气室(10)内布置3根斜向钢撑，实现气室(10)与支柱的固接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于浮式平台的多能源发电系统，其特征在于，所述的空气透平发电机(9)采用双向空气透平发电机。
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