CN108061010A - 一种适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统 - Google Patents
一种适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种适用于近海的单桩式风能‑波浪能集成发电系统,属于海上可再生能源利用技术领域。本发明为了提供了一种基于单桩式风能‑波浪能集成发电系统,在海洋中利用单桩式支撑结构建立了风能、振荡水柱式波浪能系统于一体的集成系统,形成一个整体的发电系统。该发明可充分利用海上可再生资源,从而达到提高单桩基础利用率并降低总成本的目的,提高海上风电场的整体经济性,降低风能和波浪能发电的成本。该新型固定式风能‑波浪能集成发电系统提高了海域的有效利用率,降低了建设成本和维修费用,充分利用现有的成熟风机技术,促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用,是一种可靠的海上可再生能源发电平台。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海上可再生能源利用技术领域,尤其涉及了一种风能-波浪能一体的发电系统,以单桩结构为基础将风能和振荡水柱式波浪能相结合的集成发电系统。
背景技术
风力发电是目前最具可规模化发展前景的可再生能源。海上风电已成为国际风电发展的新方向,备受各国关注。发展海上风能对于我国治理大气雾霾、调整能源结构具有重要意义。波浪能发电装置,由于能量转化效率低,发电成本较高,可靠性不高,在一定程度上限制了其商业化。近海风电场的基座中,单桩基座因其建造成本低、安装简便、无需海床准备、适用性强等优点被广泛使用,目前已安装的海上风机中80%采用单桩基础。随着我国安装设备的开发和安装技术的成熟,单桩基础在我国海上风电产业中的应用前景极为广泛。
把海上风电开发和波浪能资源利用相结合,可以有效的提高海上风电场的发电能力,提高整体发电系统的经济性,是解决海洋可再生能源综合利用,降低可再生能源发电成本的有效途径。
发明内容
本发明为了提供了一种基于单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,在海洋中利用单桩式支撑结构建立了风能、振荡水柱式波浪能系统于一体的集成系统,形成一个整体的发电系统。该发明可充分利用海上可再生资源,从而达到提高单桩基础利用率并降低总成本的目的,提高海上风电场的整体经济性,降低风能和波浪能发电的成本。
本发明的技术方案:
一种适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,新型固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统基于单桩基础的风机-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电平台,包括海上风力发电系统和振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置4;
所述的风力发电系统包括风机1、塔筒2、单桩基础6和电力传输系统;
所述的风机1为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机,其通过塔筒2与单桩基础6相连,单桩基础6固定于海床7;
所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置4通过套筒3固定在单桩基础6上;所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置4包括波浪能发电装置的外壳本体、波浪进口8、气室10以及空气透平发电机11;波浪能发电装置的外壳本体内的空间即为气室10,其一侧设有波浪进口8,顶部设有两个圆形出气口,出气口处安装有空气透平发电机11;使用时,将单桩式风能-波浪能联合发电系统放在水域中,在波浪作用下,波浪经波浪进口8进入气室10而形成上下振动的振荡水柱9,振荡水柱9作上下振动运动使气室10内的气体往复通过气室10顶部的出气口,进而驱动空气透平发电机11发电。
所述的气室10采用锥形,保证气流末端压强增大,更快的推动空气透平发电机11转动,提高发电效率。
所述的波浪进口8朝向波浪的主导方向,提高转换效率。
所述的空气透平发电机11采用双向空气透平发电机。
本发明的新型浮式风能-波浪能联合发电系统,振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置将水柱的上下往复运动转化气体的往复运动,进而通过空气透平发电机完成波浪能的发电。本发明充分利用了固定式风机的单桩基座,和波浪能装置共享平台及电力传输系统。
所述的振荡水柱式波浪能装置的外形采用倒圆台形状,是为了减小波浪载荷对波能装置的作用,同时为了提高气室内的能量转换效率。波浪能装置的外形和气室形状可进一步优化。
所述波浪能发电装置轴对称布置于单桩风机,可适当减小波浪载荷。
本发明的有益效果:
1、单桩风机结构简单、施工便利、建造成本低、适用范围广。
2、将海上风电同波浪能发电装置相结合,共用海上平台、变压、输电等设备,提高了系统的整体发电功率,增加了发电量和有效工作小时数,降低了投资成本。
3、波浪能装置采用圆台外形,降低了波浪载荷,提高了系统的稳定性能。
4、该新型固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统提高了海域的有效利用率,降低了建设成本和维修费用,充分利用现有的成熟风机技术,促进了波浪能装置商业化的应用,是一种可靠的海上可再生能源发电平台。
附图说明
图1是本发明的单桩式风能-波浪能集成系统结构示意图。
图2是本发明的单桩式风能-波浪能集成系统三维图。
图中:1风机;2塔筒;3套筒;4振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置;5海平面;
6单桩基础;7海床;8波浪进口;9振荡水柱;10气室;
11空气透平发电机。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解,下面结合附图和技术方案,对本发明作进一步说明。
图1和图2出示了本发明所述的一种新型固定式风能-波浪能集成系统的实施方式。
如图1所示,水平轴风机1通过塔筒2和单桩基础6和海床7相连。波浪能发电装置是振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置,波浪能发电装置设在单桩基础海平面附近,波浪能发电装置4通过套筒3紧固在单桩基础6上,套筒起到保护单桩基础6的作用。风力发电机1在风力的推动下做旋转运动,将风力转换成机械能,再经过齿轮箱,驱动风力发电机1发电。另一方面,振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置4内的水柱9在波浪起伏的外力作用下做往复运动,进而转化为气室10内气体的往复运动,从而驱动空气透平发电机11发电。采用双向空气透平发电机,因而波浪起落过程均可用来发电,发电连续性较好,效率高。
该方法为:风力发电机1在风力作用下发出电能;振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置4通过套筒3和单桩基础6在海平面附近固连,涌向波浪进口8的波浪进入到波浪能发电装置4内,在气室10中产生上下振动的水柱9,水柱9上下振动运动时使气室10内的气体往复通过气室上端的出气口,气体往复通过出气口时驱动空气透平发电机11发电,产生电能。风力发电机产生的电能和波浪能装置产生的电能汇集后,通过传输系统送至电网,供陆地用户使用。
基于单桩式风能-波浪能集成系统的施工安装流程如下:首先,用现有的海上风机单桩施工工艺,将单桩基础安装在海床上;其次将套筒安装到单桩基础上;然后利用专业施工船将组装好的波浪能装置运到装机位置安装在套筒3上,最后安装塔筒2和顶部风机1,完成基于单桩式风能-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电系统的施工安装。
由此,本发明采用的单桩基础支撑结构加工、安装和施工方便,成本较低;风力发电、波浪能发电在同一个支撑结构上完成,使二者共享支撑平台和电力传输配套系统,很大程度上降低了发电的成本;结构稳定合理,更进一步证明了本发明的可实施性,具有显著的技术效果。
Claims (5)
1.一种适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,新型固定式风能-波浪能集成发电系统基于单桩基础的风机-振荡水柱式波浪能集成发电平台,包括海上风力发电系统和振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(4);
所述的风力发电系统包括风机(1)、塔筒(2)、单桩基础(6)和电力传输系统;所述的风机(1)为兆瓦级水平轴风力发电机,其通过塔筒(2)与单桩基础(6)相连,单桩基础(6)固定于海床(7);
所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(4)通过套筒(3)固定在单桩基础(6)上;所述的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置(4)包括波浪能发电装置的外壳本体、波浪进口(8)、气室(10)以及空气透平发电机(11);波浪能发电装置的外壳本体内的空间即为气室(10),其一侧设有波浪进口(8),顶部设有两个圆形出气口,出气口处安装有空气透平发电机(11);使用时,将单桩式风能-波浪能联合发电系统放在水域中,在波浪作用下,波浪经波浪进口(8)进入气室(10)而形成上下振动的振荡水柱(9),振荡水柱(9)作上下振动运动使气室(10)内的气体往复通过气室(10)顶部的出气口,进而驱动空气透平发电机(11)发电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,所述的气室(10)采用锥形,保证气流末端压强增大,更快的推动空气透平发电机(11)转动,提高发电效率。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,所述的波浪进口(8)朝向波浪的主导方向,提高转换效率。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,所述的空气透平发电机(11)采用双向空气透平发电机。
5.根据权利要求3所述的适用于近海的单桩式风能-波浪能集成发电系统,其特征在于,所述的空气透平发电机(11)采用双向空气透平发电机。
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