CN109653387B - Desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board and preparation method thereof, and assembled integrated insulation wall and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board and preparation method thereof, and assembled integrated insulation wall and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653387B CN109653387B CN201811533749.7A CN201811533749A CN109653387B CN 109653387 B CN109653387 B CN 109653387B CN 201811533749 A CN201811533749 A CN 201811533749A CN 109653387 B CN109653387 B CN 109653387B
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013035 low temperature curing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 111
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 58
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated insulation wall and a preparation method thereof. According to the scheme provided by the invention, under the action of the composite alkali activator and the hydrogen peroxide, when the desulfurized ash reacts with the water, a material with higher strength can be generated, and the surface and the interior of the material are provided with uniformly distributed and closed pore structures, so that the material has excellent strength and better heat insulation performance. The embodiment result shows that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board provided by the invention is less than or equal to 0.035W/(m.k).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated insulation wall and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of building industry and housing industrialization, people have higher and higher performance requirements on building engineering, and in addition to safety performance requirements, the heat insulation effect of building walls is also more and more emphasized, so that heat insulation materials are continuously developed. At present, building heat-insulating materials are mainly divided into organic heat-insulating materials, inorganic heat-insulating materials and heat-insulating materials compounded by inorganic gel materials and heat-insulating aggregates, wherein the inorganic heat-insulating materials have excellent fire resistance, so that the trend of replacing organic heat-insulating materials is increasingly obvious, but the existing inorganic heat-insulating materials, such as aluminum silicate fiber heat-insulating materials or rock wool heat-insulating materials, have higher preparation cost, and limit the large-scale application of the inorganic heat-insulating materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer heat-insulation plate and a preparation method thereof, and an assembled integrated heat-insulation wall and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58-62 parts of desulfurized ash, 15-16 parts of composite alkali activator, 3-4 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-22 parts of water; the composite alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.
Preferably, the thickness of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer heat-preservation plate is 45-50 mm; the thermal conductivity coefficient of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board is less than or equal to 0.035W/(m.k).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1 (3-4).
The invention provides a preparation method of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the desulfurized fly ash, a composite alkali activator and water to obtain active desulfurized mortar;
mixing the active desulfurization mortar with hydrogen peroxide to obtain mixed slurry;
and sequentially molding and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board.
Preferably, the curing comprises low-temperature curing and high-temperature curing which are sequentially carried out;
the low-temperature curing temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the low-temperature curing time is 3-5 hours;
the high-temperature curing temperature is 85-95 ℃, and the high-temperature curing time is 9-10 hours.
The invention also provides an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, which comprises a decorative layer, a heat-insulating layer, a bearing layer and a mortar plastering layer which are sequentially connected;
the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a steel keel for fixing the heat insulation plate; the insulation board is the desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer insulation board in the technical scheme or the desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer insulation board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of the bearing layer to the heat-insulating layer is (3.0-3.5): 1.
preferably, the connection mode of the heat-insulating layer and the bearing layer comprises bolt connection and/or riveting.
Preferably, the connection mode of the heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer comprises bonding; the connection mode of bearing layer and mortar plastering layer includes bonding.
The invention provides a preparation method of the assembly type integrated heat preservation wall in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
providing reinforced concrete as a bearing layer;
providing a steel keel, and fixing the heat insulation board in a space formed by the steel keel to obtain a heat insulation layer;
fixedly connecting the bearing layer with the heat-insulating layer to obtain a composite board;
coating a plastering slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, coating a decorative coating on the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, and drying to respectively obtain a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer; after a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer are formed, an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is obtained;
the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are formed in no order.
The invention provides a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58-62 parts of desulfurized ash, 15-16 parts of composite alkali activator, 3-4 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-22 parts of water; the composite alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. The raw material used in the invention is mainly desulfurized ash, the cost is low, the raw material reacts with water under the action of the composite alkali activator and the hydrogen peroxide to generate a material with higher strength, and the surface and the inside of the material have uniformly distributed and closed pore structures, so that the material has excellent strength and better heat insulation performance. The embodiment result shows that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board provided by the invention is less than or equal to 0.035W/(m.k), and the cost of the insulation material is reduced on the basis of not influencing the insulation effect of the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a schematic structural diagram of an assembled integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel keel in an insulation layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reinforcing mesh structure of steel joists in the insulating layer;
in the figure, 1 is a mortar plastering layer, 2 is a bearing layer, 3 is an insulating layer and 4 is a decorative layer; 31 is a frame, 32 is a cross keel, 33 is a vertical keel, and 34 is a reinforcing mesh.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58-62 parts of desulfurized ash, 15-16 parts of composite alkali activator, 3-4 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-22 parts of water; the composite alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.
The preparation raw material of the desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer insulation board comprises, by mass, 58-62 parts of desulfurized ash, preferably 59-61 parts of desulfurized ash, and more preferably 60.6 parts of desulfurized ash. In the present invention, the desulfurized fly ash preferably comprises SiO by mass241.87～42.51％、Al2O325.37～26.43％、CaO10.42～11.56％、SO35.47-6.35% and the balance Fe2O3. The invention takes the desulfurized ash as the base material, and utilizes the reaction of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the desulfurized ash with water to form geopolymer with a three-dimensional net structure, thereby improving the strength performance and the fire resistance of the heat-insulating board; in addition, the desulfurized fly ash can be used as a base materialHigh utilization rate of desulfurized ash and low cost of the heat-insulating board. The desulfurization ash in the invention is preferably from Shanxi province Nakagaku power plant.
Based on the mass parts of the desulfurization ash, the preparation raw materials of the desulfurization ash-based geopolymer insulation board provided by the invention comprise 15-16 parts of the composite alkali activator, preferably 15-15.5 parts, and more preferably 15.2 parts. In the invention, the composite alkali activator comprises sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is preferably 1 (3-4), and more preferably 1: 3.5-4. In the invention, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate are used in a matching way, and the composite alkali activator can depolymerize the silicon-aluminum phase in the desulfurized fly ash, so that aluminum and silicon can be repolymerized to generate an inorganic polymer, and then a geopolymer gel is generated, and the inorganic gel material with excellent heat preservation performance is obtained.
Based on the mass parts of the desulfurization ash, the preparation raw material of the desulfurization ash-based geopolymer insulation board provided by the invention comprises 3-4 parts of hydrogen peroxide, preferably 3-3.5 parts, and more preferably 3.1-3.3 parts. In the invention, hydrogen peroxide is used as a foaming agent, the hydrogen peroxide is decomposed to generate oxygen and water, and a closed pore structure can be formed on the surface and inside of the geopolymer material in the oxygen escape process, so that the obtained board has excellent heat insulation performance, sound insulation performance and light weight.
In the invention, the aperture of the pore is preferably 1-5 mm, and more preferably 2-3 mm; the porosity is calculated by the volume occupied by the pores/the total volume of the desulfurized ash geopolymer heat insulation board, and the porosity of the desulfurized ash geopolymer heat insulation board is preferably 70-80%, and more preferably 73-75%.
Based on the mass parts of the desulfurization ash, the preparation raw material of the desulfurization ash-based geopolymer insulation board provided by the invention comprises 20-22 parts of water, preferably 21-22 parts of water, and more preferably 21.2 parts of water. The water is not particularly required in the present invention and may be any known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the thickness of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer heat preservation plate is preferably 45-50 mm, and more preferably 50 mm. The heat conductivity coefficient of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer heat insulation plate is preferably less than or equal to 0.035W/(m.k); the compressive strength is preferably 0.8-1.1 MPa; the maximum sound insulation amount reaches 50 dB.
The invention provides a preparation method of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the desulfurized fly ash, a composite alkali activator and water to obtain active desulfurized mortar;
mixing the active desulfurization mortar with hydrogen peroxide to obtain mixed slurry;
and sequentially molding and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board.
The invention mixes the desulfurized fly ash, the composite alkali activator and water to obtain the active desulfurized fly ash. In the invention, the components and the amounts of the desulfurized fly ash, the composite alkali activator and the water are the same as those of the desulfurized fly ash, the composite alkali activator and the water in the raw material for preparing the geopolymer from the desulfurized fly ash according to the technical scheme, and the components and the amounts are not repeated here. In the invention, the mixing of the desulfurized fly ash, the composite alkali activator and the water is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 60-80 r/min, and more preferably 70-75 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 5-10 min, and more preferably 10 min. In the present invention, the mixing of the desulfurized fly ash, the complex alkali activator and water is preferably performed at room temperature.
In the present invention, the complex alkali activator is preferably mixed with the desulfurized fly ash in the form of a solution to improve the uniformity of mixing. The invention has no special requirement on the mass concentration of the composite alkali activator solution so as to realize the purpose of fully dissolving the composite alkali activator. In the invention, the solvent water in the composite alkali activator solution is part of water in the preparation raw materials.
After obtaining the active desulfurization mortar, the invention mixes the active desulfurization mortar with hydrogen peroxide to obtain a mixed slurry. In the invention, the mixing of the hydrogen peroxide and the active desulfurization mortar is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 60-80 r/min, and more preferably 70-75 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 1-2 min, and more preferably 2 min. In the present invention, the hydrogen peroxide is preferably mixed in the form of a hydrogen peroxide solution to promote uniformity of mixing between the hydrogen peroxide and the active desulfurization mortar; the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 20-30%, and more preferably 25-30%. In the present invention, the water in the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably derived from part of the water of the raw material for preparing the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board.
After the mixed slurry is obtained, the mixed slurry is sequentially molded and maintained to obtain the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board. In the present invention, the forming preferably includes pouring. The invention does not require special embodiments for the casting, and can be used as is known to those skilled in the art. The invention has no special requirements on the casting mould, and the method can be adopted by the method well known by the technical personnel in the field.
After the forming, the formed blank is maintained to obtain the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board. In the present invention, the curing preferably includes low-temperature curing and high-temperature curing, which are performed in this order; the low-temperature curing temperature is preferably 18-25 ℃, and more preferably 20-24 ℃; the low-temperature curing time is preferably 3-5 h, and more preferably 3.5-4.5 h; the high-temperature curing temperature is preferably 85-95 ℃, more preferably 87-93 ℃, and further preferably 89-92 ℃; the high-temperature curing time is preferably 9-10 hours, more preferably 9-9.5 hours, and still more preferably 9 hours.
The invention preferably maintains the board under the condition of low temperature, so that the hydrogen peroxide is decomposed at a slow and uniform speed, pores with uniform sizes are formed in the board, and the heat preservation performance of the board is further improved; and then curing the mixture at a high temperature to promote the dissolution of the silicon-aluminum component and the occurrence of polymerization reaction, thereby obtaining the desulfurized fly ash geopolymer plate with higher strength. In the invention, SiO in the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer2/Al2O3The molar ratio of (A) is preferably 3.5 to 4.0, more preferably 3.6 to 3.8.
The invention also provides an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, which comprises a decorative layer, a heat-insulating layer, a bearing layer and a mortar plastering layer which are sequentially connected; the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a steel keel for fixing the heat insulation plate; the insulation board is the desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer insulation board in the technical scheme or the desulfurized-ash-based geopolymer insulation board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the assembled integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the invention comprises a decorative layer 4, a thermal insulation layer 3, a bearing layer 2 and a mortar plastering layer 1 which are sequentially connected; the heat insulation layer 3 comprises heat insulation plates and steel keels for fixing the heat insulation plates, each steel keel comprises a frame 31, a transverse keel 32 and a vertical keel 33, and the transverse keel 32 and the vertical keel 33 form a reinforcing mesh 34; the reinforcing mesh 34 and the frame 31 constitute a space for fixing the insulation board.
In the invention, the raw materials for preparing the steel keel are preferably C-type light steel, and more preferably C-type light steel with the model number of C80X 40X 20X 2.5; the distance between the adjacent transverse keels and the adjacent vertical keels in the steel keel is preferably 450-550 mm independently, and more preferably 480-520 mm; the connection mode between the transverse keels, the vertical keels and the frame is preferably welding.
In the invention, the heat insulation plate is fixed in the space formed by the steel keels in the technical scheme to form the heat insulation layer, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is preferably 45-50 mm, and more preferably 50 mm. The invention has no special requirements on the size of the heat preservation plate, and the plate matched with the fixed space of the steel keel is obtained preferably by cutting.
The assembled integrated heat-insulating wall provided by the invention comprises a bearing layer, wherein the bearing layer is preferably reinforced concrete. In the present invention, the thickness of the concrete layer in the reinforced concrete is preferably 10 mm. In the present invention, the reinforced concrete preferably includes a steel reinforcement cage and concrete; the mass ratio of the steel bar framework to the concrete is 1 (10-13); the steel bar framework is composed of two steel bar meshes and short steel bars, the steel bar meshes are formed by cross connection of transverse steel bars and vertical steel bars, and the two steel bar meshes are connected through the short steel bars to form the steel bar framework. The invention has no special requirements on the forming mode of the steel reinforcement framework, and the method is well known by the technical personnel in the field.
In the invention, the diameter of the steel bar for the steel bar framework is preferably 8-10 mm, and more preferably 8 mm; the type of the steel bar is preferably HPB 300; the steel bar framework preferably comprises transverse steel bars and longitudinal steel bars, and the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars are welded to form a steel bar mesh. In the invention, the distance between the adjacent transverse steel bars and the distance between the adjacent longitudinal steel bars are independently less than or equal to 200mm, and more preferably 100-180 mm.
In the invention, the raw materials of the concrete in the reinforced concrete comprise cement, aggregate, desulfurized slag and water.
The raw materials of the concrete preferably comprise 1.5-2 parts by mass of cement, and more preferably 1.6-1.8 parts by mass of cement; the cement preferably comprises a 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement.
The raw material of the concrete preferably comprises 10-12 parts of aggregate, more preferably 10.5-11.5 parts by mass based on the mass part of the cement. The aggregate preferably comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate preferably comprises broken stone, and the broken stone is preferably continuous graded broken stone; the particle size of the crushed stone is preferably 5-20 mm, and more preferably 8-18 mm; the fine aggregate preferably comprises medium sand, and the fineness modulus of the medium sand is preferably 2.86-2.94, and more preferably 2.90-2.92.
The raw materials of the concrete preferably comprise 1.5-2 parts of desulfurized slag, more preferably 1.6-1.8 parts by mass based on the mass of the cement; in the invention, the chemical components of the desulphurization slag preferably comprise SiO in percentage by mass241.92～42.46％、Al2O325.45～26.35％、CaO10.51～11.47％、SO35.52-6.30% and the balance impurities. The grain size of the desulfurization slag is preferably less than or equal to 80 mu m, and more preferably 20-60 mu m; the preferable specific surface area of the desulfurized slag is 393-405 m2/kg, more preferably 395 to 402m2In terms of/kg. In the present invention, the desulfurized slag is preferably from coal gangue power plants in Pingyuchao, Shanxi.
In the invention, the cement and the desulphurization slag are both cementing materials. In the invention, the water-cement ratio of the concrete raw material in the reinforced concrete is 0.3-0.4, and more preferably 0.3 according to the mass of water/the total mass of the cementing material. The invention has no special requirements on the dosage of the water, and the water-to-glue ratio can be controlled within the range.
In the invention, the connection mode of the insulating layer and the bearing layer preferably comprises bolt connection and/or riveting, and more preferably bolt connection; based on the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, the thickness ratio of the bearing layer to the heat-insulating layer is preferably (3-3.5): 1, and more preferably 3: 1.
The assembled integrated wall provided by the invention comprises a decorative layer. In the present invention, the connection between the decorative layer and the insulating layer preferably includes adhesion. In the invention, the surface of the heat-insulating layer is adhered with a decorative layer; the chemical composition of the decorative layer preferably comprises desulfurized gypsum, wherein CaSO is contained in the desulfurized gypsum4The mass content of the compound is more than or equal to 90 percent. In the invention, the thickness of the decorative layer is preferably 10-15 mm, and more preferably 13-15 mm.
The assembled integrated wall provided by the invention comprises a mortar plastering layer. In the invention, the connection mode of the mortar plastering layer and the bearing layer preferably comprises bonding; the thickness of the mortar surface layer is preferably 10-15 mm, and more preferably 11-14 mm. The raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer preferably comprise desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement, a waterproof agent, a fiber material and water.
In the invention, in the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer, the mass ratio of desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement and water is preferably 1 (7-8) to (1.8-2.2) to (1.8-2.0), and more preferably 1:7.8 to 2.02 to 1.82. The desulfurized ash is preferably consistent with the desulfurized ash in the raw materials for preparing the desulfurized ash-based geopolymer insulation board in the technical scheme, and the desulfurized ash is not repeated; the sand is preferably medium sand with good gradation, and the fineness modulus of the medium sand is preferably 2.86-2.94, and more preferably 2.90-2.92; the cement is preferably ordinary portland cement grade 42.5 or ordinary portland cement grade 52.5, preferably ordinary portland cement grade 42.5.
In the invention, in the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer, the ratio of the mass of the fiber material to the total volume of the desulfurized fly ash, the sand, the cement and the water is preferably 0.8-0.99 kg:1m3More preferably 0.9 to 0.95kg:1m3(ii) a The length of the fiber material is preferably 3 to6mm, more preferably 4-5 mm; the diameter of the fiber material is preferably 18-48 mu m, and more preferably 20-40 mu m; the tensile strength of the fiber material is preferably more than or equal to 358 MPa; the fiber material is preferably a safe and nontoxic fiber material; the fibrous material preferably comprises polypropylene staple fibers. The source of the fibrous material is not particularly critical to the present invention and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The invention preferably utilizes the fiber material to reduce the cracks generated by the shrinkage of the mortar and prevent the cracks from expanding, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the impact strength of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall.
In the invention, in the raw material for forming the mortar finishing layer, the ratio of the mass of the water-proofing agent to the total mass of the desulfurized fly ash and the cement is preferably 4-6: 100, more preferably 4.5-5.5: 100, and still more preferably 5: 100. In the present invention, the water repellent preferably comprises a silicone water repellent, preferably an aqueous emulsion type silicone water repellent KB-WP08E manufactured by hangzhou rejiang new materials technology ltd. The invention preferably utilizes the waterproof agent to improve the waterproof performance of the mortar surface layer, plays a role in heat insulation for the heat-preservation layer, provides a foundation and prolongs the service life of the wall body.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the assembly type integrated heat preservation wall in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
providing reinforced concrete as a bearing layer;
providing a steel keel, and fixing the heat insulation board in a space formed by the steel keel to obtain a heat insulation layer;
fixedly connecting the bearing layer with the heat-insulating layer to obtain a composite board;
coating a plastering slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, coating a decorative coating on the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, and drying to respectively obtain a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer; after a mortar plastering layer and a decorative layer are formed, an assembled integrated heat-insulating wall is obtained;
the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are formed in no order.
The present invention provides reinforced concrete as a bearing layer, and in the present invention, the method of forming the reinforced concrete preferably includes the steps of:
welding the raw steel bars according to the size of the scheme to obtain a steel bar framework; mixing the raw materials of the concrete filler to form concrete slurry;
and pouring the concrete slurry into a steel reinforcement framework after the supporting template, and curing to obtain the reinforced concrete.
The invention has no special requirement on the welding mode of the steel reinforcement framework, and the method which is well known by the technical personnel in the field can be adopted. The invention has no special requirements on the mixing mode of the concrete filler, and the mode known by the technical personnel in the field can be adopted.
The present invention preferably supports the form within the framework of steel reinforcement to enable concrete grout to be cast therein. The concrete slurry is poured in a manner which is not particularly required by the invention and is well known to those skilled in the art.
After pouring, the invention preferably maintains the poured blank obtained after pouring to obtain the reinforced concrete. In the invention, the curing temperature is preferably 20-25 ℃, and more preferably 20 ℃; the humidity during maintenance is preferably 90-95%, and more preferably 93-95%; the curing time is preferably 7-14 d, and more preferably 10-14 d. After maintenance, the template is preferably removed to obtain reinforced concrete; the template may be removed in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the curing is preferably performed under the above-mentioned conditions, and the reinforced concrete having a high compressive strength can be obtained.
In the present invention, the method for forming the steel keel preferably includes: the raw steel bars are welded into the steel keel, preferably in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
According to the invention, the insulation board is preferably cut according to the size of the steel keel, and then the cut insulation board is fixed in the space formed by the steel keel, so that the insulation layer is obtained. The invention has no special requirements on the fixing mode of the heat-insulating plate, and can be realized by adopting a mode known by the technical personnel in the field.
After the bearing layer and the heat-insulating layer are obtained, the bearing layer and the heat-insulating layer are fixedly connected to obtain a composite board; the means of fixed connection preferably comprises bolting and/or riveting, more preferably bolting.
After the composite board is obtained, the invention coats the bearing layer of the composite board with the plastering slurry, coats the insulating layer of the composite board with the decorative coating, and respectively obtains the mortar plastering layer and the decorative layer after drying.
In the invention, the decorative coating preferably comprises gypsum and water, and the mass ratio of the gypsum to the water is preferably 1 (0.4-0.5), more preferably 1 (0.4-0.45), and still more preferably 1: 0.43. The present invention does not require any particular manner of mixing the gypsum and water, and may be accomplished in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the coating amount of the decorative coating is preferably 6000-6500 g/m2More preferably 6200 to 6500g/m2(ii) a Further preferably 6500g/m2(ii) a The means of application preferably comprises brushing or smearing.
In the invention, the plastering slurry is preferably obtained by mixing the raw materials for forming the mortar plastering layer in the technical scheme. In the present invention, the manner of coating preferably includes brushing or smearing. During coating, the invention preferably coats the bearing layer with the plastering mortar, and a bottom layer is obtained after the plastering mortar is dried; then coating surface mortar on the bottom layer, and drying to form a surface layer; the bottom layer and the surface layer jointly form a mortar plastering layer.
In the invention, the thickness of the bottom layer is preferably 7-9 mm, and more preferably 7-8 mm; the thickness of the surface layer is preferably 4-6 mm, and more preferably 5-6 mm. The thickness of the mortar surface layer is the sum of the thickness of the bottom layer and the thickness of the surface layer. The mortar plastering layer is preferably coated on the bearing layer, so that the waterproof performance, the crack resistance and the strength performance of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall can be improved.
In the present invention, the drying manner of the dried finishing paste or the decorative coating is preferably drying or naturally airing, and more preferably naturally airing. The drying sequence has no special requirements, and after one layer is coated, the other layer of coating is coated and dried again; or the coating can be dried simultaneously after the two layers of coating are coated.
In the invention, the mortar surface layer and the decorative layer are not formed in sequence.
For further explanation of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the drawings and examples to provide a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and a fabricated integrated insulation wall, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking a steel bar with the model number of C80 multiplied by 40 multiplied by 20 multiplied by 2.5 as a raw material, controlling the distance between the adjacent transverse keel and the adjacent vertical keel to be 500mm, and welding to obtain a light steel keel for later use;
preparing the insulation board: providing raw materials according to the components shown in table 1, mixing desulfurized ash, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and part of water, uniformly stirring, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the mixture (wherein the total amount of the part of water and the water in the hydrogen peroxide solution is the water consumption of the raw materials for preparing the insulation board), and uniformly stirring again to obtain the mixed slurry. And casting the mixed slurry in a mould, sealing by using a polyethylene film, curing for 4 hours at 25 ℃, and curing for 9 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board.
And cutting the obtained desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board, and fixing the cut desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board in the light steel keel to obtain the insulation layer.
Welding a steel bar framework by using a steel bar with the model of HPB300 and the diameter of 8mm as a raw material, wherein the distance between adjacent steel bars in the steel bar framework is 200 mm; erecting a mould in the steel bar framework for later use;
crushing stones: sand: cement: desulfurizing slag: the mass ratio of water is 5.32: 4.76: 1.66: 1.66: 1 to obtain concrete slurry, then pouring the concrete slurry into a mould formed by a steel reinforcement framework and a template, and curing for 14 days at 25 ℃ to obtain the reinforced concrete.
Fixing the reinforced concrete and the heat-insulating layer through bolts to obtain a composite board;
mixing gypsum and water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.43, uniformly stirring to obtain a decorative coating, and then coating the decorative coating on the surface of the heat-insulating layer of the composite board, wherein the coating amount is controlled at 6000g/cm2Naturally drying to form a decorative layer;
mixing desulfurized fly ash, sand, cement and water according to the mass ratio of 1:7.8:2.02:1.82 to form a mixture; adding a fiber material with the diameter of 20 mu m and the length of 5mm into the mixture, adding 0.8kg of fiber material per cubic meter of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and finally adding an aqueous emulsion type organosilicon waterproofing agent KB-WP08E produced by Hangzhou Ruijiang New Material technology Limited to obtain finishing slurry; brushing the finishing slurry on the bearing layer of the composite board, wherein the brushing amount is controlled to be 22000g/m2And drying to form a mortar finishing layer to obtain the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall shown in figure 1.
Examples 2 to 5
The desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and the assembled integrated insulation wall are prepared according to the method in the embodiment 1, and the difference lies in different usage amounts of the components, which is specifically shown in table 1.
Table 1 examples 1 to 5 amounts (parts by mass) of raw materials of polymer insulation boards based on desulfurized fly ash
TABLE 2 thickness parameter (mm) of the assembled integral heat preservation wall structure
Performance testing and results
The heat conduction performance of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer heat insulation board and the assembled integrated heat insulation wall obtained in the examples 1-5 is measured according to GB/T10294-2008 heat insulation material steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics;
testing the compression resistance of the desulfurized ash base geopolymer insulation board and the assembled integrated insulation wall obtained in the embodiment 1-5 according to GB50107-2010 concrete strength test evaluation standards;
testing the sound insulation performance of the desulfurized ash based geopolymer heat insulation board and the assembled integrated heat insulation wall obtained in the embodiment 1-5 according to GB/T19889.3-2005 building sound insulation measurement specifications;
the impact resistance of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and the assembled integrated insulation wall obtained in the embodiment 1-5 is tested according to the GB 22631-;
the fire resistance of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board and the assembled integrated insulation wall obtained in the examples 1-5 are tested according to a GB/T9978.1-2008 building material incombustibility test method, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Performance test results of desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation boards obtained in examples 1 to 5
As can be seen from the test results in Table 3, the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer heat-insulating plate provided by the invention has a lower heat conductivity coefficient, which indicates that the heat-insulating property of the plate is better; in addition, the density of the heat-insulation board is small, which shows that the board has the advantage of light weight and is convenient to transport; the insulation board has larger sound insulation amount and excellent sound insulation performance, and can reduce the indoor noise of a building; the fireproof performance, the impact resistance and the compressive strength are excellent, and the safety performance of the insulation board is further enhanced.
Testing the water vapor transmission wet flow density of the assembled integrated heat preservation wall according to the GB/T17146-2015 standard specification;
testing the environmental protection performance of the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall according to GB/T35605-2017;
detecting the solid waste adding amount in the assembly type integrated wall according to the regulation of GB/T32989-2016;
the frost resistance is represented by the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles that can be borne by a slow cooling method, wherein the repeated freeze-thaw cycles are tested, and the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles can simultaneously meet the requirements that the strength loss rate is not more than 25% and the quality loss rate is not more than 5%. The test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Performance test results of fabricated integrated thermal insulation walls obtained in examples 1 to 5
The test results in table 4 show that the doping amount of the solid waste in the fabricated integrated thermal insulation wall provided by the invention reaches more than 40%, so that the utilization rate of the waste is improved; the wall body can be recycled, so that the floor area and the treatment cost of the construction waste are reduced; and the heat-insulating wall has excellent frost resistance, softening coefficient and water-proof device penetration flow density, which shows that the wall has good water resistance.
According to the embodiments, the desulfurized ash based geopolymer heat insulation board provided by the invention has excellent performances of high strength and high temperature resistance, and the geopolymer material is made into a light foaming material, so that closed pores in the geopolymer material are increased, and the heat insulation performance of the whole geopolymer material can be improved. The desulfurized fly ash is used as a raw material, so that the heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the material can be improved, the comprehensive utilization of the desulfurized fly ash can be realized, and the desulfurized fly ash has remarkable social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
When the assembled integrated outer wall is prepared, the desulfurization ash, the desulfurization slag and the desulfurization gypsum are used, so that the comprehensive utilization of solid wastes is realized while the performance of the wall is ensured.
The invention combines the decorative layer, the heat-insulating layer, the bearing layer and the mortar plastering layer together to form the assembled integrated heat-insulating wall, so that the function of each layer can be fully exerted, the integral comprehensive performance of the wall is more excellent, the compressive strength, the heat-insulating capability and the noise-insulating capability of the wall are improved, and the safety, the confidentiality, the heat-insulating capability and the comfort of a building are comprehensively improved. In addition, the wall body is prepared into the assembled integrated wall body, so that the production of building materials is intensified, the labor production efficiency is effectively improved, the environmental pollution is avoided, and the defects of large noise, much dust, much construction waste, serious environmental pollution and the like of the traditional cast-in-place construction operation are overcome.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58-62 parts of desulfurized ash, 15-16 parts of composite alkali activator, 3-4 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-22 parts of water; the composite alkali activator is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1 (3-4);
the preparation method of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board comprises the following steps:
mixing the desulfurized fly ash, a composite alkali activator and water to obtain active desulfurized mortar;
mixing the active desulfurization mortar with hydrogen peroxide to obtain mixed slurry;
sequentially molding and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain a desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board;
the maintenance comprises low-temperature maintenance and high-temperature maintenance which are sequentially carried out; the low-temperature curing temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the low-temperature curing time is 3-5 hours; the high-temperature curing temperature is 85-95 ℃, and the high-temperature curing time is 9-10 hours;
the desulfurization ash comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 41.87～42.51％、Al2O325.37～26.43％、CaO 10.42～11.56％、SO35.47-6.35% and the balance Fe2O3。
2. The desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board of claim 1, wherein the thickness of said desulfurized ash based geopolymer insulation board is 45-50 mm; the thermal conductivity coefficient of the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board is less than or equal to 0.035W/(m.k).
3. The method for preparing the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
mixing the desulfurized fly ash, a composite alkali activator and water to obtain active desulfurized mortar;
mixing the active desulfurization mortar with hydrogen peroxide to obtain mixed slurry;
and sequentially molding and maintaining the mixed slurry to obtain the desulfurized fly ash based geopolymer insulation board.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the curing comprises a low-temperature curing and a high-temperature curing which are performed in this order;
the low-temperature curing temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the low-temperature curing time is 3-5 hours;
the high-temperature curing temperature is 85-95 ℃, and the high-temperature curing time is 9-10 hours.
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