CN109653247A - A kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653247A CN109653247A CN201910099645.8A CN201910099645A CN109653247A CN 109653247 A CN109653247 A CN 109653247A CN 201910099645 A CN201910099645 A CN 201910099645A CN 109653247 A CN109653247 A CN 109653247A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009429 distress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structures, the comprehensive pipe gallery structure includes bed course, bottom plate, two side walls and top plate, and the bottom plate is set on bed course, and there are gaps between the both ends and ground wall of bottom plate, the side wall lower end is set in gap, and the outer wall of side wall is connected with ground wall；And the upper end of two side walls is connected by top plate, is covered with back fill course on top plate, the both ends of top plate and back fill course are connected with ground wall.The invention has the benefit that each waterproof layer of the present invention or waterproof construction are all made of waterproof roll flexible or semi-flexible, constraint will not be generated to concrete structure；Bottom plate is separately poured with side wall, is not in contact with each other, and top plate and side wall are integrally formed, cooperative transformation, solves side wall due to restriction from soleplate and the crack that produces and top plate are due to side wall constrains and generates crack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground pipe gallery technical field of construction, and in particular to a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure
And its construction method.
Background technique
Underground pipe gallery structural concrete is in underground structure, and design and construction must fully consider waterproof problem, but
The problem of seepage problem caused by it cracks has been a generality in the field, exactly, it should be one and extremely be difficult to
It solves the problems, such as and overcomes.
To find out its cause, mainly as caused by aquation temperature rise and the maintenance in later period of concrete etc., because of such coagulation
The label of soil is generally concentrated at C30~C40, and based on label C35, autogenous volumetric deformation is smaller, not in different construction environments
In the case where structure size design, aquation temperature rise is differed at 15~35 DEG C；Especially sidewall structure concrete is thin-walled
Structure, temperature rise rate is very fast, and temperature drop rate is also very fast, larger, the bottom plate knot poured in advance of concrete temperature drop contraction
The effect of constraint value of structure, easily generation crack or even more serious situation, fracture interval reach 0.8~1.5m/ item, 2~3m/
The crack of item is also relatively common, and there are a large amount of crosscutting concerns, and serious structure is caused to seep water.Since this crack causes
Later period patch work it is comparatively laborious, and the durability that patching material is not long-term, with the extension of structure active time, even
It needs next year to repair, Nian Nianxiu, structure safety and economic attrition problem are than more prominent.It is separately poured in top board structure and sidewall structure
In the case where, it is also same reason, the top board structure coagulation local products that the sidewall structure concrete poured in advance pours the later period
Raw strong constraint, leads to the generation of top board structure distress in concrete.
Therefore, in order to solve the problem of Cracking of underground pipe gallery structural concrete, it is necessary to establish a kind of new construction
Method eliminates constraint of the earlier casting concrete to later period casting concrete, thus the generation of effectively control critical eigenvalue.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of side wall and top plate cooperative transformation are provided and can be prevented
The cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure of water-stop.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure, the comprehensive pipe gallery structure packet
Including bed course, bottom plate, two side walls and top plate, the bottom plate is set on bed course, there are gap between the both ends and ground wall of bottom plate,
The side wall lower end is set in gap, and the outer wall of side wall is connected with ground wall；And the upper end of two side walls is connected by top plate, top plate
On be covered with back fill course, the both ends of top plate and back fill course are connected with ground wall.
According to the above scheme, the bed course includes bed course main body, and the edge reinforcement structure set on bed course main body two sides.
According to the above scheme, between side wall outer wall and ground wall, between top plate both ends end face and ground wall, back fill course and Di Qiang
Between, it is respectively equipped with ground wall waterproof layer.
According to the above scheme, it being equipped with bed course waterproof layer in mat surface, bed course and bottom plate are divided into the two sides of bed course waterproof layer,
The lower end surface of the side wall is set on bed course waterproof layer.
According to the above scheme, waterproof roofing layer is set on top plate, top plate and back fill course are divided into the two sides of waterproof roofing layer.
According to the above scheme, water swelling waterproof construction, the water swelling waterproof construction packet are equipped between the bottom plate and side wall
Dull-finish steel and water swelling material are included, water swelling material fits in bottom panel side, and dull-finish steel is set to the outside of water swelling material.
The invention also discloses a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction methods as described above, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: pouring blinding concrete；
Step 2: setting bed course waterproof layer and ground wall waterproof layer respectively in bed course upper surface and the outer surface Di Qiang；
Step 3: pouring underplate concrete on bed course, there are gaps between bottom panel side and ground wall waterproof layer；
Step 4: laying water swelling waterproof construction in bottom panel side；
Step 5: side wall and top plate formed by integrally casting molding: the lower end of side wall is located in gap, side wall respectively with ground wall waterproof
Layer, the contact of bed course waterproof layer, water swelling waterproof construction；
Step 6: laying waterproof roofing layer in cover top surface；
Step 7: carrying out the construction of back fill course above top plate.
According to the above scheme, the gap width between bottom panel side and ground wall waterproof layer is equal with the thickness of bottom plate.
According to the above scheme, the thickness of the edge reinforcement structure is more than the thickness of bed course main body.
According to the above scheme, the bed course waterproof layer and ground wall waterproof layer are seamlessly connected.
The invention has the benefit that each waterproof layer of the present invention or waterproof construction are all made of waterproof flexible or semi-flexible
Coiled material will not generate constraint to concrete structure；Bottom plate is separately poured with side wall, is not in contact with each other, and top plate and side wall are integrally formed,
Cooperative transformation, solves side wall due to restriction from soleplate and the crack that produces and top plate are due to side wall constrains and generates crack；This
The dull-finish steel for inventing the water swelling waterproof construction separates newly-laid concrete and water swelling material, if the waterproof of bed course waterproof layer
Effect is not up to, and moisture penetrates between bed course and bottom plate, is had the tendency that the gap exudation between bottom plate and side wall, is worked as moisture
When with the water swelling material of water swelling waterproof construction, the expansion of water swelling material is simultaneously tightly packed between bottom plate and side wall, can prevent water
Divide further flowing, plays the role of waterproof sealing；Working procedure of the present invention is simple, and design is reasonable, strong operability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cushion layer structure concreting shaping schematic view in the present embodiment one.
Fig. 2 be in the present embodiment one wall waterproof layer and bed course waterproof layer schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is one insole board pouring molding schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the arrangement schematic diagram of water swelling waterproof construction in embodiment one.
Fig. 5 is side wall and the molding schematic cross-section of top plate formed by integrally casting in embodiment one.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of waterproof roofing layer in embodiment one.
Fig. 7 is the schematic cross-section of back fill course in embodiment one.
Fig. 8 is the schematic cross-section of bed course.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of water swelling waterproof construction.
Figure 10 is underground pipe gallery structural schematic diagram in embodiment two.
Wherein: 1, bed course；11 bed course main bodys；12, edge reinforcement structure；2, Di Qiang；31, wall waterproof layer；32, bed course is anti-
Water layer；33, waterproof roofing layer；4, bottom plate；5, gap；6, water swelling waterproof construction；61, dull-finish steel；62, water swelling material；7,
Side wall；8, top plate；9, back fill course；10, middle wall.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure, bottom surface and side are connected with ground wall 2；The comprehensive pipe gallery structure
Including bed course 1,4, two side walls 7 of bottom plate and top plate 8, the bottom plate 4 is set on bed course 1, the both ends of bottom plate 4 and ground wall 2 it
Between there are gap 5,7 lower end of side wall is set in gap 5, the outer wall of side wall 7 with wall 2 be connected；And the upper end of two side walls 7
It is connected by top plate 8, is covered with back fill course 9 on top plate 8, the both ends of top plate 8 and back fill course 9 is connected with ground wall 2.
Preferably, the bed course 1 includes 1 main body of bed course, and the edge reinforcement structure 12 set on 1 main body two sides of bed course,
The thickness of edge reinforcement structure 12 is greater than the thickness of 1 main body of bed course, and the width of the edge reinforcement structure 12 is greater than side wall
77 thickness；Wherein, 1 main body of bed course with a thickness of 100~300mm, edge reinforcement structure 12 with a thickness of 400~800mm, side
1.5~2 times with a thickness of 7 thickness of side wall of portion's reinforcement structure 12.
Preferably, between 7 outer wall of side wall and ground wall 2, between 8 both ends end face of top plate and ground wall 2, back fill course 9 and ground
Between wall 2, it is respectively equipped with ground 2 waterproof layer of wall.
Preferably, it is equipped with bed course waterproof layer 32 on 1 surface of bed course, bed course 1 and bottom plate 4 are divided into the two of bed course waterproof layer 32
The lower end surface of side, the side wall 7 is set on bed course waterproof layer 32；The bed course waterproof layer 32 is seamlessly connected with ground 2 waterproof layer of wall.
Preferably, waterproof roofing layer 33 is set on top plate 8, top plate 8 and back fill course 9 are divided into the two of waterproof roofing layer 33
Side.
Preferably, water swelling waterproof construction 6 is equipped between the bottom plate 4 and side wall 7, the water swelling waterproof construction 6 wraps
Dull-finish steel 61 and water swelling material 62 are included, water swelling material 62 fits in 4 side of bottom plate, and dull-finish steel 61 is set to water swelling material 62
Outside；Water swelling material 62 can be hydro-expansive rubber.
Preferably, the side wall 7 is formed with 8 primary concreting of top plate.
In the present embodiment, each waterproof layer is all made of flexible waterproof sheet and is made；The comprehensive pipe gallery structure primary concreting
Length is not more than 30m.
A kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction method as described above, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: pouring blinding concrete: as illustrated in figures 1 and 8, bed course main body 11 with a thickness of 100~300mm, side
Portion's reinforcement structure 12 with a thickness of 400~800mm, 1.5~2 times with a thickness of 7 thickness of side wall of edge reinforcement structure 12；
Step 2: 5~14 days after blinding concrete construction, after concrete hardening, in 1 upper surface of bed course and ground wall 2
Outer surface sets bed course waterproof layer 32 and ground wall waterproof layer 31, the bed course waterproof layer 32 and the seamless company of ground wall waterproof layer 31 respectively
It connects, as shown in Figure 2；
Step 3: pouring underplate concrete on bed course 1, as shown in Figure 3；It is required that: assuming that side wall 7 with a thickness of d, then institute
The width for stating the gap 55 between 4 side of bottom plate and ground wall waterproof layer 31 is d；
Step 4: underplate concrete pour after 5~14 days, after concrete hardening, 4 side of bottom plate lay water swelling
Waterproof construction 6, as shown in Figure 4；The water swelling waterproof construction 6 includes dull-finish steel 61 and water swelling material 62, water swelling material 62
4 side of bottom plate is fitted in, dull-finish steel 61 is set to the outside of water swelling material 62, as shown in Figure 9；
Step 5: side wall 7 and 8 formed by integrally casting of top plate molding: as shown in figure 5, side wall 7 respectively with ground wall waterproof layer 31, pad
Layer waterproof layer 32, water swelling waterproof construction 6 contact, described ground wall waterproof layer 31, bed course waterproof layer 32, water swelling waterproof construction 6
It is material flexible or semi-flexible, makes constraint of the concrete not by bottom, bottom plate 4 and ground wall 2, avoid concrete in the temperature drop stage
Temperature drop contraction fissure is generated, avoids the autogenous shrinkage of concrete that structural cracks is caused to generate；
Step 6: side wall 7 and top plate 8 pour after 7~14 days, after concrete hardening, 8 upper surface of top plate lay push up
Plate waterproof layer 33, as shown in Figure 6；
Step 7: the construction of back fill course 9 is carried out above top plate 8, such as Fig. 7 institute after waterproof roofing layer 33 is laid
Show.
In the present invention, the bed course waterproof layer 32, wall waterproof layer 31 and waterproof roofing layer 33 be flexible waterproof sheet；
The edge reinforcement structure 12 is the force structure for carrying side wall 7 and top plate 8, it is ensured that it is broken that bed course 1 is unlikely to generation load
It is bad.
Embodiment 1 is certain single corridor formula underground pipe gallery structure, and it is 20m that single, which pours Design of length, and cracking resistance was constructed
Journey are as follows:
Casting concrete bed course 1 first, bed course main body 11 with a thickness of 150mm, edge reinforcement structure 12 with a thickness of
400mm, width 1000mm；14 days after 1 concrete construction of bed course, using waterproof roll in 1 upper surface of concrete cushion
It sets up defences water layer with 2 surface of ground wall, the bed course waterproof layer 32 is seamlessly connected with ground wall waterproof layer 31；Then it is poured on bed course 1
4 concrete of bottom plate, bottom plate 4 with a thickness of 400mm, the thickness of side wall 7 is also 400mm；4 side of bottom plate is far from ground wall waterproof layer
31 distance is 400mm；Bottom plate 4 pour after 7 days, 4 side of bottom plate lay water swelling waterproof construction 6, water swelling waterproof
Structure 6 include dull-finish steel 61 and water swelling material 62, water swelling material 62 with a thickness of 5mm, fit in the side of bottom plate 4；Side
Wall 7 and the molding of 8 formed by integrally casting of top plate, side wall 7 connect with ground wall waterproof layer 31, bed course waterproof layer 32, water swelling waterproof construction 6 respectively
Touching, makes constraint of the concrete not by bottom, bottom plate 4 and ground wall 2, and concrete is avoided to generate temperature drop contraction fissure in the temperature drop stage,
Avoiding the autogenous shrinkage of concrete causes structural cracks to generate；Side wall 7 and top plate 8 pour after 14 days, in 8 upper surface of top plate
Lay waterproof roofing layer 33；After waterproof roofing layer 33 is laid, the construction of back fill course 9 is carried out above top plate 8.
Embodiment 2 is certain double corridors formula underground pipe gallery structure, including bed course 1, bottom plate 4, side wall 7, middle wall 10 and top plate
8, it is 30m, cracking resistance work progress that single, which pours length, are as follows:
Casting concrete bed course 1 first, bed course main body 11 with a thickness of 200mm, edge reinforcement structure 12 with a thickness of
600mm, width 1000mm；14 days after 1 concrete construction of bed course, using waterproof roll in 1 upper surface of concrete cushion
Waterproof layer is done with 2 surface of ground wall, the bed course waterproof layer 32 is seamlessly connected with ground wall waterproof layer 31；The waterproof of bed course 1 and ground wall 2
After layer is finished, pour 4 concrete of bottom plate on bed course 1, bottom plate 4 with a thickness of 450mm, the thickness of side wall 7 is also 500mm, institute
Stating distance of 4 side of bottom plate far from ground wall waterproof layer 31 is 500mm；Bottom plate 4 pour after 7 days, 4 side of bottom plate lay water swelling
Property waterproof construction 6, the water swelling waterproof construction 6 include dull-finish steel 61 and water swelling material 62, water swelling material 62 with a thickness of
5mm fits in 4 side of bottom plate；Side wall 7, middle wall 10 and 8 formed by integrally casting of top plate molding, side wall 7 respectively at ground wall waterproof layer 31,
Bed course waterproof layer 32, the contact of water swelling waterproof material, make constraint of the concrete not by bottom, bottom plate 4 and ground wall 2, avoid coagulation
Soil generates temperature drop contraction fissure in the temperature drop stage, avoids the autogenous shrinkage of concrete that structural cracks is caused to generate, middle 10 structure of wall
Concrete receives the constraint of bottom plate 4, it is possible to create thermal cracking；Middle 10 structural concrete of wall does not contact directly with ground wall 2, ne-leakage
Risk；Side wall 7, middle wall 10 and top plate 8 pour after 14 days, 8 upper surface of top plate lay waterproof roofing layer 33；Waterproof roofing
After layer 33 is laid, the construction of back fill course 9 is carried out above top plate 8.
Finally it should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, although
Referring to embodiment, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, but it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure, which is characterized in that the comprehensive pipe gallery structure includes bed course, bottom plate, two
A side wall and top plate, the bottom plate are set on bed course, and there are gap between the both ends and ground wall of bottom plate, the side wall lower end is set
In in gap, the outer wall of side wall is connected with ground wall；And the upper end of two side walls is connected by top plate, and backfill is covered on top plate
The both ends of layer, top plate and back fill course are connected with ground wall.
2. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the bed course includes bed course master
Body, and the edge reinforcement structure set on bed course main body two sides.
3. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that side wall outer wall and ground wall it
Between, between top plate both ends end face and ground wall, between back fill course and ground wall, be respectively equipped with ground wall waterproof layer.
4. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that anti-equipped with bed course in mat surface
Water layer, bed course and bottom plate are divided into the two sides of bed course waterproof layer, and the lower end surface of the side wall is set on bed course waterproof layer.
5. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that set waterproof roofing on top plate
Layer, top plate and back fill course are divided into the two sides of waterproof roofing layer.
6. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery structure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that set between the bottom plate and side wall
There is water swelling waterproof construction, the water swelling waterproof construction includes dull-finish steel and water swelling material, and water swelling material fits in bottom plate
Side, dull-finish steel are set to the outside of water swelling material.
7. a kind of cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: pouring blinding concrete；
Step 2: setting bed course waterproof layer and ground wall waterproof layer respectively in bed course upper surface and the outer surface Di Qiang；
Step 3: pouring underplate concrete on bed course, there are gaps between bottom panel side and ground wall waterproof layer；
Step 4: laying water swelling waterproof construction in bottom panel side；
Step 5: side wall and top plate formed by integrally casting molding: the lower end of side wall is located in gap, side wall respectively with ground wall waterproof layer,
Bed course waterproof layer, the contact of water swelling waterproof construction；
Step 6: laying waterproof roofing layer in cover top surface；
Step 7: carrying out the construction of back fill course above top plate.
8. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that bottom panel side and ground
Gap width between wall waterproof layer is equal with the thickness of bottom plate.
9. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the edge is reinforced
The thickness of structure is more than the thickness of bed course main body.
10. cracking resistance formula underground pipe gallery construction method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the bed course is anti-
Water layer and ground wall waterproof layer are seamlessly connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910099645.8A CN109653247B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Anti-crack type underground comprehensive pipe rack structure and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910099645.8A CN109653247B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Anti-crack type underground comprehensive pipe rack structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN109653247A true CN109653247A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN109653247B CN109653247B (en) | 2024-07-12 |
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| CN112195968A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Anti-crack matching structure of top plate and side wall and anti-crack construction method of top plate structure |
| CN115075264A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-20 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit basement fertilizer groove backfilling structure |
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| CN115075264A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-20 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit basement fertilizer groove backfilling structure |
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| CN109653247B (en) | 2024-07-12 |
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