CN109652786A - A kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology - Google Patents
A kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109652786A CN109652786A CN201910053111.1A CN201910053111A CN109652786A CN 109652786 A CN109652786 A CN 109652786A CN 201910053111 A CN201910053111 A CN 201910053111A CN 109652786 A CN109652786 A CN 109652786A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
- C23C16/483—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation using coherent light, UV to IR, e.g. lasers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/52—Controlling or regulating the coating process
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology, according to the oxidable characteristic of material to be processed, region material to be processed is heated by low power laser, complementary oxidizing gas is passed to as oxidant, make region material to be processed and oxidant that quickly controllable oxidation reaction occur using the instantaneous high-temperature that the ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser of low-power generates, after laser makes material surface that controllable oxidization occur, layer of transparent or translucent oxidation layer film can be generated, according to photochemical effect and thin film interference effects, due to choosing different laser parameters, therefore different colors can be showed by material surface after processing.Using method and device provided by the invention, it can be realized the coloring processing of titanium alloy etc materials surface or jewelry surface, play the role of protecting interior metal, can be improved wear-resistant, the corrosion resistance of metal or jewelry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to advanced manufacturing technology field, more particularly to it is a kind of based on metal material surface dye technology
Color method and device.
Background technique
With being showing improvement or progress day by day for production and living, people also proposed airframe material and gem materials processing more next
Higher requirement.For example, in the manufacture view of aerospace material, it is desirable that material processed surface has centainly optical
Energy；In medical instruments field, there is certain requirement to its color characteristics；In fields such as jewellery sectors, then to the dress of material appearance
Decorations property and wearability, corrosion resistance propose certain requirement.Therefore, in metal material surface and gem materials surface system
Standby colored film can obtain one layer of tax the colorful one by surface coloring and aoxidize layer film, can be improved airframe material
And the performances such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant on gem materials surface.
Metal and the coloring of gem materials surface mainly use electric spark dye technology at present, and cardinal principle is to utilize wire cutting
The electrolysis that electric discharge is formed, forms the different translucent oxidation film of a layer thickness in metal material surface, due to the interference of light
Effect, the color of acquired oxidation film layer is also different, therefore, can obtain desired color by controlling the thickness of film layer.
Obtained metal material surface is coloured using electric spark, wearability and corrosion resistance are all very strong, it is processed for small lot, but
The disadvantage is that cannot be processed in larger and complicated aviation workpiece metal surface and gem materials surface in area, and
And that there are devices is more complicated, export license is serious, secondary discharge, processing efficiency is low, tinctorial quality is low for edm process
And heat affected area it is big the problems such as.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology, to solve
Existing electric spark color method is not suitable for that the coloring of material wide area surface, color applicator is complicated, export license is serious, there are two
Secondary electric discharge, the problem that processing efficiency is low, tinctorial quality is low and heat affected area is big.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of color applicator based on metal material surface dye technology, the color applicator include: computer (1), swash
Light device (2), beam expanding lens (3), X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), condenser lens (5), laser facula (6), air jet pipe (7), jet tube valve
(8), workpiece (9) and workbench (10)；
The computer (1) connects with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the workbench (10) respectively
It connects；The beam expanding lens (3) is arranged on the emitting light path of the laser (2)；The X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) is arranged described
On the emitting light path of beam expanding lens (3)；The condenser lens (5) is arranged on the emitting light path of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4)；Institute
Workpiece (9) is stated to be fixed on the workbench (10)；The air jet pipe (7) is fixedly mounted on the side of the workbench (10)；
The jet tube valve (8) is arranged on the air jet pipe (7)；
When the color applicator works, the laser beam that the laser (2) is projected pass sequentially through the beam expanding lens (3),
The X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the condenser lens (5) form the laser facula (6) afterwards；The laser facula (6) is poly-
Coke is in the region material to be processed on the workpiece (9) surface；The oxidant that the air jet pipe (7) sprays converges at the laser
At hot spot (6)；Under the effect of the laser, the temperature of the region material to be processed increases rapidly, and then sends out with the oxidant
Raw oxidation reaction generates corresponding the colorful one of assigning and aoxidizes layer film.
Optionally, the laser (2) is nanosecond pulse type laser.
Optionally, the laser power for the laser beam that the laser (2) generates is less than or equal to 7W.
Optionally, the oxidant is oxygen.
Optionally, the region material to be processed is metal material.
A kind of color method based on metal material surface dye technology, the color method are filled applied to the coloring
It sets；The color method includes:
Prepare workpiece to be processed；
The workpiece to be processed is pre-processed, the workpiece handled well is generated；
The workpiece handled well is fixed on the table, open laser, adjust the laser camera lens with it is described
The relative position for the workpiece surface handled well makes laser facula focus on the region material to be processed of the workpiece surface handled well
On material；
Jet tube valve is opened, the gas flow of laser parameter and air jet pipe is set；
The region material to be processed is heated by the laser beam that laser issues, and passes to complementary oxidizing gas and makees
For oxidant, the region material to be processed and the oxidant occurs using the instantaneous high-temperature that laser generates quickly controllable
Oxidation reaction makes workpiece surface to be processed generate the oxidation layer film of different colours.
Optionally, described that the workpiece to be processed is pre-processed, the workpiece handled well is generated, is specifically included:
The workpiece to be processed is polished, is then polished with polishing agent, it is then ultrasonic in ethanol solution
Cleaning, removes the impurity and organic matter spot of the workpiece surface, generates the workpiece handled well.
Optionally, the opening jet tube valve sets the gas flow of laser parameter and air jet pipe, specifically includes:
Jet tube valve is opened, the gas flow of the air jet pipe is adjusted by adjusting the jet tube valve to default
Flow；
Pass through computer settings laser parameter；The laser parameter include laser issue laser beam laser power,
Spot diameter, scanning speed and frequency.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
The present invention provides a kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology, utilizes swashing for high-energy
The characteristic of light light beam and matter interaction adjusts laser parameter when laser processing by computer, and in laser emission
Industrial oxygen is passed to while workpiece surface region material to be processed, controls oxidizer flow rate using jet tube valve, thus
Oxidation rate can be accurately controlled, realizes the controllable oxidization on nanosecond laser induced material surface.The method of the present invention and device tool
The advantage for having electric spark color method incomparable, major advantage are embodied in:
(1) nanosecond laser beam is easy to focus, dissipates and be oriented to, and can pass through computer and control SAMlight software adjustment packet
Frequency is included, the laser parameters such as scanning speed and energy density can be suitable for different metal materials surface and gem materials
The coloring processing request of the different colours on surface；
(2) there is no the losses of electrode in electric spark coloring process in nanosecond laser induction controllable oxidization coloring process
With secondary discharge problem, the precision of coloring is improved significantly；Due to machined material oxidizing temperature in fusing point hereinafter, oxidation is anti-
Answer required laser power well below laser power needed for laser processing or laser heating auxiliary softener material, therefore laser produces
Raw heat affected area is smaller；Due in process laser beam movement speed quickly, and laser beam be irradiated to it is to be processed
Material surface is regional area irradiation, will not be impacted to non-laser-irradiated domain domain；
(3) rate and process controllability of oxidation reaction can be accurately controlled by adjusting laser and aoxidizing agent parameter
Height has the characteristics that more efficient, high quality.
(4) color applicator structure of the present invention is simple, and workbench can be moved flexibly by computer control, is suitble to multiple
Miscellaneous, large area airframe material workpiece and expensive jewelry material surface coloring, can be improved airframe material table
The wearability on face and gem materials surface, corrosion-resistant and optical property, and there is high production efficiency, easy realization to automate,
Environmental clean feature.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the color applicator provided by the invention based on metal material surface dye technology；
Figure label is respectively as follows: computer (1), laser (2), beam expanding lens (3), X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), condenser lens
(5), laser facula (6), air jet pipe (7), jet tube valve (8), workpiece (9) and workbench (10)；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in nanosecond laser hot spot sweeping path provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of color method and device based on metal material surface dye technology, to solve
Existing electric spark color method is not suitable for that the coloring of material wide area surface, color applicator is complicated, export license is serious, there are two
Secondary electric discharge, the problem that processing efficiency is low, tinctorial quality is low and heat affected area is big.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the color applicator provided by the invention based on metal material surface dye technology.Referring to
Fig. 1, the color applicator include: computer (1), laser (2), beam expanding lens (3), X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), condenser lens
(5), laser facula (6), air jet pipe (7), jet tube valve (8), workpiece (9) and workbench (10).
The computer (1) connects with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the workbench (10) respectively
It connects；The effect of the computer (1) includes: that (a) described computer (1) is soft by the SAMlight being mounted on computer (1)
Part adjusts laser parameter when laser (2) are laser machined；(b) X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) are controlled with the computer (1)
The angle of upper scanning galvanometer deflects scanning galvanometer along X, Y-axis as needed, to realize the deflection of laser beam, makes to have
The laser beam focusing of certain power density is on material to be processed by required requirement campaign；(c) it controls workbench (10)
It is mobile.
The beam expanding lens (3) is arranged on the emitting light path of the laser (2)；The effect of the beam expanding lens (3) is to change
Become the diameter and the angle of divergence of the laser beam being emitted by the laser (2).The X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) is arranged in the expansion
On the emitting light path of Shu Jing (3)；Laser beam is incident on X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) by expansion speed mirror (3), is passed through computer (1)
The angle of scanning galvanometer is controlled, the scanning galvanometer can deflect respectively along X, Y-axis, to reach the deflection of laser beam, make to have
There is the laser of certain power density to focus on workpiece to be processed (9) surface by required requirement campaign.The condenser lens (5) sets
It sets on the emitting light path of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4)；The condenser lens (5) makes that is projected by X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) to swash
Light light beam is formed in workpiece to be processed material surface and is focused.
The workpiece (9) is fixed on the workbench (10)；When the different location of workpieces processing (9), pass through computer
(1) movement of the workbench (10) is controlled to adjust, to drive the workpiece (9) associated movement.The air jet pipe (7) is solid
Dingan County is mounted in the side of the workbench (10), and the relative position holding of the air jet pipe (7) and the laser facula (6) is not
Become.The jet tube valve (8) is fixed on the air jet pipe (7)；It is adjusted by controlling the direction of rotation of jet tube valve (8)
Save the size (flow parameter) for the gas flow that air jet pipe (7) spray.
When the color applicator works, workpiece to be processed (9), the laser are fixed on the workbench (10)
(2) laser beam projected passes sequentially through the beam expanding lens (3), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the condenser lens (5)
After form the laser facula (6)；The laser facula (6) focuses in the region material to be processed on the workpiece (9) surface；
The oxidant that the air jet pipe (7) sprays is converged at always at the laser facula (6)；The air jet pipe (7) and the laser
The relative position of hot spot (6) remains unchanged.Jet jet pipe valve (8) is housed on the air jet pipe (7), oxygen is controlled by valve
The flow of gas.Under the effect of the laser, the temperature of the region material to be processed will rise rapidly, and then send out with the oxidant
Raw quick oxidation reaction generates corresponding the colorful one of assigning and aoxidizes layer film.
Wherein, the laser (2) is preferably nanosecond pulse type laser.The laser beam that the laser (2) generates
Laser power be no more than 7W.The oxidant is oxygen.The region material to be processed is metal material, preferably titanium alloy
Material.
The color applicator is radiated at material surface to be processed and is passed to auxiliary in its workpiece surface using laser as heat source
Property oxygen, so that its accelerated oxidation is generated one layer of taxs the colorful one and aoxidize layer film.Fig. 2 is nanosecond laser hot spot provided by the invention
The schematic diagram in sweeping path.Nanosecond laser hot spot sweeping path of the present invention is scanned by line completes.Nanosecond swashs in apparatus of the present invention
Optical beam spot diameter is fixed as 57 μm, and laser repetition rate selects 20kHz, and sweep span selects 10 μm.Inducing in nanosecond laser can
It controls in the coloring process of metal oxide material surface, oxidation process mainly considers two principal elements of laser: laser energy density
With laser Duplication.The size that laser energy density is controlled by control nanosecond laser mean power, by adjusting scanning speed
It spends to control the size of laser Duplication (pulse overlap rate and scan path Duplication).And average laser power and scanning speed
(laser parameter of laser (2)) is to control SAMlight software by computer (1) device to adjust again.
Based on the color applicator provided by the invention, the present invention also provides one kind to be based on metal material surface dye technology
Color method, the color method includes:
Step 1: prepare workpiece to be processed；The workpiece to be processed can be airframe material workpiece.
Step 2: the workpiece to be processed is pre-processed, the workpiece handled well is generated.
The workpiece to be processed is polished, is then polished with polishing agent, it is then ultrasonic in ethanol solution
Cleaning, removes the impurity and organic matter spot of the workpiece surface, generates the workpiece handled well.
Preferably, workpiece material to be processed is successively used to the liquid honing of 320#-2000#, then with 1 μm of granularity
The polishing of high-efficiency diamond polishing agent, makes surface roughness Ra≤0.3 μm, 10- to be then cleaned by ultrasonic in ethanol solution
15min generates the workpiece handled well to remove the impurity and organic matter spot on surface.
Step 3: the workpiece handled well is fixed on the table, laser is opened, the laser camera lens is adjusted
With the relative position of the workpiece surface handled well, laser facula is made to focus on the to be processed of the workpiece surface handled well
In region material, the adjusting of laser focus is realized；
Step 4: opening jet tube valve, sets the gas flow of laser parameter and air jet pipe.
Open the jet tube valve, adjusted by adjusting the jet tube valve gas flow of the air jet pipe to
Preset flow；Preferably, the preset flow is 5L/min.
Pass through computer settings laser parameter；The laser parameter include laser issue laser beam laser power,
Spot diameter, scanning speed and frequency can also include pulsewidth.Wherein laser power is no more than 7W, preferably 3.2W；Hot spot is straight
Diameter is preferably 57 μm, and pulsewidth is preferably 100ns, and frequency is preferably 20KHz.
Step 5: according to the oxidation characteristic of workpiece surface region material to be processed, the laser beam issued by laser
The region material to be processed is heated, and passes to complementary oxidizing gas as oxidant, utilizes the instantaneous high-temperature of laser generation
Make the region material to be processed and the oxidant that quickly controllable oxidation reaction occur, by adjusting laser parameter and oxidation
Agent parameter controls the rate of oxidation reaction, and workpiece surface to be processed is made to generate the oxidation layer film of different colours.
Step 6: laser and jet tube valve are closed.
For the limitation sexual factor of existing electric spark color method, on the basis of combining conventional laser processing method, this
Invention proposes a kind of method and device of nanosecond laser induction controllable oxidization metal material surface coloring.Apparatus of the present invention and method
By combining with computer technology, using the laser beam of high-energy and the characteristic of matter interaction, pass through computer control
SAMlight software processed adjusts parameter when laser processing, and at laser emission metal material surface central area to be processed
Industrial oxygen is passed to, oxygen flow is controlled using jet tube valve, can thus accurately control oxidation rate, realizes that nanosecond swashs
Photoinduction metal material surface controllable oxidization.The advantage that this method and device have electric spark color method incomparable.It is main
Advantage is wanted to be embodied in:
1, since nanosecond laser has the characteristics that the burst length is short, spot size is small, time and space controlling are good, and
Energy density and power density are all very high, oxidable most of metal and nonmetallic substance, therefore are suitable for various metals
(titanium alloy, hard alloy, stainless steel etc.) is processed in the coloring of material, is especially suitable for aerial metal structural member surface and gold and silver etc.
The coloring on gem materials surface is processed.
2, nanosecond laser beam is easy to focus, dissipates and be oriented to, and can control SAMlight software adjustment by computer and swash
Optical parameter includes frequency, scanning speed and energy density, and the coloring for adapting to the different colours on different metal materials surface adds
Work requirement.
3, there is no the losses of electrode in electric spark coloring process in nanosecond laser induction controllable oxidization coloring process
The problem of with secondary discharge, can greatly improve the precision of coloring.
4, as the oxidizing temperature of material in fusing point hereinafter, laser power needed for oxidation reaction is well below laser processing
Or laser power needed for laser heating auxiliary softener material, therefore the heat affected area that laser generates is smaller.
5, since quickly, and laser beam is irradiated to material surface to be processed and is laser beam movement speed in process
Regional area will not impact non-laser-irradiated domain domain.
6, the rate and process controllability height of oxidation reaction can be accurately controlled by adjusting laser and aoxidizing agent parameter,
Therefore the characteristics of the method for the present invention has efficiently, high quality.
7, apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, and workbench can be moved flexibly by computer control, suitable complexity,
The aerial metal structural member of large area and expensive jewelry material surface coloring, can be realized aviation difficult-to-machine material, (titanium closes
Gold), the coloring processing of the material surfaces such as jewelry, improve the optical of aviation difficulty processing material material (titanium alloy) and jewelry surface
Can, the wearability and corrosion resistant loss of raising titanium alloy and jewelry surface simultaneously show different colors, high production efficiency, Yi Shi
It now automates and more environmental clean.
Below using Ti6Al4V (six aluminium of titanium, four vanadium) titanium alloy as workpiece material, oxygen is as oxidant, YLP type pulse
Optical fiber laser is further described the method for the present invention and device as laser, in conjunction with Fig. 1.
Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is mainly made of elements such as Ti, Al and V, and fusing point is 1643 DEG C, and oxide is mainly TiO2
And Al2O3.Under the coupling of laser and oxygen, Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface material is contacted with the oxygen that air jet pipe sprays；
Oxygen molecule obtains the electronics of surface metal atoms；Electronegative oxonium ion combines with positively charged metal ion and to metal
Inside diffusion can generate layer of transparent or translucent oxidation film, when light beam is radiated at after laser is radiated in metal surface
When bright or translucent thin film surface, a part of light can be reflected in film upper surface, and another part enters film, under film
Surface is reflected, and is projected from upper surface, is crossed with preceding light beam.This two-beam is got from same row light, is relevant
Light.When their phase is identical, reflectivity can reach maximum, and opposite in phase Shi Zehui makes their cancellations, becomes reflectivity
It is small.When other conditions are identical, the phase difference of the coherent light of the different wave length of same incidence angle is different, their reflectivity can not yet
Together, to form specific oxide color.
The process of surface coloring is carried out such as to Ti6Al4V (six aluminium of titanium, four vanadium) titanium alloy using apparatus of the present invention and method
Under:
Step 1: by the distribution situation in temperature field under the technique study laser action of finite element simulation, according to temperature field
Distribution situation Binding experiment technique study difference laser parameter and oxygen flow under and workpiece material aoxidize layer film face
Color change range, required color variation range determine test parameters (laser parameter and gas flow).
Step 2: workpiece material is successively used the liquid honing of 320#-2000# by the pretreatment of workpiece material, is then used
The high-efficiency diamond polishing agent polishing of 1 μm of granularity, makes surface roughness Ra≤0.3 μm, then ultrasonic in ethanol solution
10-15min is cleaned, to remove the impurity and organic matter spot on surface；
Step 3: workpiece is fixed on the table, laser is opened, the opposite of laser camera lens and workpiece surface is adjusted
Position focuses on laser facula on work surface, realizes the adjusting of laser focus；
Step 4: opening jet tube valve, sets the parameter and laser parameter of oxidizing gas flow, the laser parameter packet
Laser power, spot diameter, pulsewidth, frequency and scanning speed are included, wherein laser power is preferably 3.2W, and spot diameter is 57 μ
M, pulsewidth 100ns, frequency 20KHz, oxygen flow are that (different laser parameters can obtain different oxidation layer film face to 5L/min
Color)；
Wherein laser power, frequency parameter are to control SAMlight software by computer (1) to set.Oxidizing gas stream
The parameter (size of gas flow) of amount is by jet tube valve (8) come what is adjusted.
Step 5: according to the oxidation characteristic of workpiece surface region material to be processed, region to be processed is heated by laser
Material, and pass to complementary oxidizing gas as oxidant, using the instantaneous high-temperature that laser generates make region material to be processed with
Quickly controllable oxidation reaction occurs for oxidant makes according to the rate of adjusted laser and oxidant state modulator oxidation reaction
Workpiece surface to be processed carries out induced with laser controllable oxidization, generates and assigns the colorful one oxidation layer film；
Step 6: laser and jet tube valve are closed.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
It for member, can also make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvement also should be regarded as of the invention
Protection scope.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of color applicator based on metal material surface dye technology, which is characterized in that the color applicator includes: to calculate
Machine (1), laser (2), beam expanding lens (3), X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), condenser lens (5), laser facula (6), air jet pipe (7), spray
Tracheae valve (8), workpiece (9) and workbench (10)；
The computer (1) connect with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the workbench (10) respectively；
The beam expanding lens (3) is arranged on the emitting light path of the laser (2)；X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) setting is expanded described
On the emitting light path of mirror (3)；The condenser lens (5) is arranged on the emitting light path of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4)；The work
Part (9) is fixed on the workbench (10)；The air jet pipe (7) is fixedly mounted on the side of the workbench (10)；It is described
Jet tube valve (8) is arranged on the air jet pipe (7)；
When the color applicator works, the laser beam that the laser (2) is projected passes sequentially through the beam expanding lens (3), described
X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the condenser lens (5) form the laser facula (6) afterwards；The laser facula (6) focuses on
In the region material to be processed on workpiece (9) surface；The oxidant that the air jet pipe (7) sprays converges at the laser facula
(6) at；Under the effect of the laser, the temperature of the region material to be processed increases rapidly, and then oxygen occurs with the oxidant
Change reaction, generates corresponding the colorful one of assigning and aoxidize layer film.
2. color applicator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser (2) is nanosecond pulse type laser.
3. color applicator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser beam that the laser (2) generates swashs
Optical power is less than or equal to 7W.
4. color applicator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oxidant is oxygen.
5. color applicator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the region material to be processed is metal material.
6. a kind of color method based on metal material surface dye technology, which is characterized in that the color method is applied to power
Benefit require 1 described in color applicator；The color method includes:
Prepare workpiece to be processed；
The workpiece to be processed is pre-processed, the workpiece handled well is generated；
The workpiece handled well is fixed on the table, laser is opened, the laser camera lens and the processing are adjusted
The relative position of good workpiece surface makes laser facula focus on the region material to be processed of the workpiece surface handled well
On；
Jet tube valve is opened, the gas flow of laser parameter and air jet pipe is set；
The region material to be processed is heated by the laser beam that laser issues, and passes to complementary oxidizing gas as oxygen
Agent makes the region material to be processed and the oxidant that quickly controllable oxidation occur using the instantaneous high-temperature that laser generates
Reaction makes workpiece surface to be processed generate the oxidation layer film of different colours.
7. color method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described to be located in advance to the workpiece to be processed
Reason, generates the workpiece handled well, specifically includes:
The workpiece to be processed is polished, is then polished with polishing agent, is then cleaned by ultrasonic in ethanol solution,
The impurity and organic matter spot for removing the workpiece surface, generate the workpiece handled well.
8. color method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the opening jet tube valve sets laser parameter
With the gas flow of air jet pipe, specifically include:
Jet tube valve is opened, the gas flow of the air jet pipe is adjusted by adjusting the jet tube valve to default stream
Amount；
Pass through computer settings laser parameter；The laser parameter includes that laser issues the laser power of laser beam, hot spot
Diameter, scanning speed and frequency.
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