CN109644759A - One kind being used for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method - Google Patents
One kind being used for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109644759A CN109644759A CN201811581727.8A CN201811581727A CN109644759A CN 109644759 A CN109644759 A CN 109644759A CN 201811581727 A CN201811581727 A CN 201811581727A CN 109644759 A CN109644759 A CN 109644759A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be used for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method, it is related to ecological recovery, environment protection field.The following steps are included: the difference of function and its self-characteristic that (1) is played by each engineering unit, its corresponding landscape need is not also identical, and the Landscape construction of highway is divided into landscape emphasis construction region and restoration of the ecosystem construction region by different according to its functional requirement;(2) selection is used for the floristics of Ili Prefecture water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation, and plant origin is in the investigation to Ili Prefecture road extension environment phytobiocoenose;(3) according to the difference of its functional area, greening, parking area greening, main building square greening, the greening of leisure greenery patches, periphery this five part of greening between lane, weather conditions, revegetation condition in conjunction with Ili Prefecture are served as theme and penetrated through to region division based on Landscape construction.Reference and improvement of the present invention to existing primitive environment recovery technique, to reduce the destruction of Highway Construction on Ecological Environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological recoveries, environment protection field, and in particular to one kind is used for water and soil conservation in highway construction plants landscape
Construction method.
Background technique
Yili of Xinjiang ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES, tourism development have a high potential, but due to Xinjiang region natural environment item
Part is more fragile, the construction of extensive highway infrastructures to topography and geomorphology, and vegetation along the line produce it is more strong
Disturbance and destruction, soil erosion phenomenon take place frequently, especially the highway engineering in Ili River Valley area, and construction scale is big, route is long, relates to
And area is wide, has an impact especially acutely in work progress to ecological environment, exacerbates Regional Erosion intensity.For Yi Li
For the ecological environment of River Valley Region fragility, the revegetation construction of single landscape function is difficult to meet the hair of highway construction theory
Exhibition needs.
The existing ecological reestablishment spininess in Ili Prefecture is to river basins (" Yili River valley ecological environmental protection item
Example "), grassland ecology restores (Ili River Valley spring and autumn grassland ecology investigation and its Restoration strategy) and the protection technique of wild fruit woods is (" new
Boundary Yi Li wild fruit woods protection of resources and restore project planning (2013-2017) "), mostly natural environment, and the present invention is directed to people
To interfere more Highway Construction Project Based, technology is the reference and improvement to existing primitive environment recovery technique, to reduce
The destruction of Highway Construction on Ecological Environment.
In conclusion targeted greening object of the invention is dotted, linear, planar engineering involved in highway construction,
Spoil ground, the interim land occupation in work progress, service area, charge station are such as taken, wherein the various functional areas such as service area, charge station
There is higher demand in domain to landscape planting, takes spoil ground and camp buildings lamp temporarily to take up an area higher to water and soil conservation demand, needs area
It does not treat, discrepant carry out revegetation.The present invention is from Ili Prefecture highway engineering soil erosion feature, soil-and-water conservation effect
Screening, the research of landscape plant configuration technology etc. are started with, and are divided landscape emphasis to build area and ecological focus of repairing area and are planted
It is configured, proposes the highway construction soil-and-water conservation effect Landscape construction method for being suitable for Ili Prefecture.
Summary of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of for water and soil conservation in highway construction plant object of the present invention is to be to provide
Landscape construction method, reference and improvement to existing primitive environment recovery technique, to reduce Highway Construction on Ecological Environment
It destroys.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: one kind is protected for highway water and soil
Hold Plant landscape creation method, comprising the following steps:
(1) difference of the function and its self-characteristic played by each engineering unit, corresponding landscape need is not yet
Identical, the Landscape construction of highway is divided into landscape emphasis construction region and restoration of the ecosystem construction area by different according to its functional requirement
Domain.
Landscape emphasis builds region: referring to that the nodes such as service area, charge station, lookout terrace are mainly that user provides various services
The region of function, Plant landscape creation should be guiding with demand
Region is built in restoration of the ecosystem: the area for stressing ecological recovery such as referring to highway subgrade slope, takes spoil ground, temporary site
The solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function are paid close attention in domain, and Look Integration function is opposite to weaken.
(2) selection is used for the floristics of Ili Prefecture water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation, and plant origin is in right
The investigation of Ili Prefecture road extension environment phytobiocoenose, can choose from following floristics: slender wheatgrass, Festuca Arundinacea,
Lyme grass, awnless brome, yellow bluestem, bur clover, sainfoin, prairie milk vetch, Sophora alopecuroide, hedysarum scoparium, alfalfa, thin,tough silk wormwood artemisia, sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia),
Harmel, husky rice, caragana microphylla, strange willow, false indigo, the small camomile of shrub, bush cinqefoil, white thorn, humid euphorbia, thorn Chenopodiaceae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, dragon spruce, circle
The new tower flower of cypress, eurasia China Savin, locust tree, Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, wild apricot, Devil Frown caragana, fragrance, hypericum meadow sweet, Tianshan Mountains
Birch, day downy cherry fruit, orchardgrass, annual bluegrass, yellow fruit hawthorn, picea schrenkiana, gland tooth rose, beautiful wooden knotweed, Trifolium repense, Xinjiang open country apple
Fruit.
(3) according to the difference of its functional area, the region division based on Landscape construction is served as theme and is penetrated through between lane
This five part is afforested in greening, parking area greening, main building square greening, the greening of leisure greenery patches, periphery, will combine the gas of Ili Prefecture
Time condition, revegetation condition etc. carry out the discussion of plants configuration scheme for this five part respectively.
The landscape emphasis builds the soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region, and concrete configuration is as follows:
1, the region based on Landscape construction should be guiding with demand, and emphasis meets following several respects:
Merge with surrounding enviroment height: the coordination that the plants landscape in such region is considered as road domain range level first is melted
It closes, kind identical or similar with road domain floristics is selected, with the collocation consistent or similar with road domain plant society mode
Mode carries out greening configuration, is finally reached the plants landscape of construction and road domain present vegetation landscape height merges unanimously, reduce road
Adverse effect of the construction of road service facility to surrounding landscape environment style and features.
Meet and use function: the plants landscape in such region should meet first using function, pass through the construction of plants landscape
More comfortable, more pleasant, more satisfied, more practical landscape is created to user.Function should be analyzed when specific plants configuration first
The functional character in energy region selects suitable floristics and collocation mode in conjunction with the land occupation condition in place, is such as stopped with meeting
Rest, view, leisure, outdoor such as are had dinner, entertain at the various activities demand.
Build functional area landscape atmosphere: plant is built on the basis of meeting substantially using function, should be by considering to plant
The pattern of object, the fragrance of a flower, tree-like, texture, implied meaning etc., by the reasonable utilization of pattern build as far as possible the pattern duration it is long,
Collocation is abundant, eye-catching beautiful impression;By considering the fragrance of plants and flowers, flower is selected as far as possible in user's frequent activities region
Fragrant pleasant floristics, to increase the comfort level in outdoor activity region;Pass through the plant of different shapes such as umbrella shape, tower-shaped
Reasonably combined plant is carried out, to build the excellent plant style and features of visual Landscape;Leaf should be arranged in the region of user's frequent activities
The floristics of flower, Stemwood quality exquisiteness, to build exquisite outdoor Rest space;It is also contemplated that the fine implied meaning of plant, choosing
It is used with implied meaning floristics abundant in priority function region, improves the resolution and cultural connotation in region.
2, phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose need to stress Landscape construction under the premise of meeting functional requirement, take into account
The level of vegetational type point is different.
The soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region is built in the restoration of the ecosystem, and concrete configuration is as follows:
(1) region based on restoration of the ecosystem should pay close attention to the solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function, Look Integration function
Opposite reduction, should meet following demand:
Roadbed side slope: plants configuration should premised on reinforcing road bed stabilization function, plants configuration should from the solid soil of water conservation,
Reinforcement anchoring function is set out, and plants configuration is rationally carried out, and guarantee driving safety, plant needs well developed root system, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, avoids face
The plant of vivid, the easy stimulation driver of color.
The plants configuration for taking spoil ground: taking spoil ground and temporarily take up an area should desalinate landscape function from the stability in region
Energy demand, plant need fast-growing, and preferential native country adaptive plant increases ecological amalgamation and stability of community, reduces soil erosion.
(2) phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose it is anti-need to stress soil erosion under the premise of meeting functional requirement
It controls, the level point for taking into account vegetational type is different.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the targeted greening object of the present invention is dotted, linear, face involved in highway construction
Shape engineering, such as spoil ground, the interim land occupation in work progress, service area, charge station are taken, wherein service area, charge station etc. are each
Kind of functional area has higher demand to landscape planting, take spoil ground and camp buildings lamp temporarily take up an area to water and soil conservation demand compared with
Height need to treat with a certain discrimination, discrepant carry out revegetation.The present invention is from Ili Prefecture highway engineering soil erosion feature, water and soil
It keeps foliage filter screening, the research of landscape plant configuration technology etc. to start with, landscape emphasis is divided to build area and ecological focus of repairing area
Vegetation arrangement has been carried out, has proposed the highway construction soil-and-water conservation effect Landscape construction method for being suitable for Ili Prefecture.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Present embodiment uses following technical scheme: one kind being used for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method,
The following steps are included:
(1) difference of the function and its self-characteristic played by each engineering unit, corresponding landscape need is not yet
Identical, the Landscape construction of highway is divided into landscape emphasis construction region and restoration of the ecosystem construction area by different according to its functional requirement
Domain.
Landscape emphasis builds region: referring to that the nodes such as service area, charge station, lookout terrace are mainly that user provides various services
The region of function, Plant landscape creation should be guiding with demand
Region is built in restoration of the ecosystem: the area for stressing ecological recovery such as referring to highway subgrade slope, takes spoil ground, temporary site
The solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function are paid close attention in domain, and Look Integration function is opposite to weaken.
(2) selection is used for the floristics of Ili Prefecture water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation, and plant origin is in right
The investigation of Ili Prefecture road extension environment phytobiocoenose, can choose from following floristics: slender wheatgrass, Festuca Arundinacea,
Lyme grass, awnless brome, yellow bluestem, bur clover, sainfoin, prairie milk vetch, Sophora alopecuroide, hedysarum scoparium, alfalfa, thin,tough silk wormwood artemisia, sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia),
Harmel, husky rice, caragana microphylla, strange willow, false indigo, the small camomile of shrub, bush cinqefoil, white thorn, humid euphorbia, thorn Chenopodiaceae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, dragon spruce, circle
The new tower flower of cypress, eurasia China Savin, locust tree, Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, wild apricot, Devil Frown caragana, fragrance, hypericum meadow sweet, Tianshan Mountains
Birch, day downy cherry fruit, orchardgrass, annual bluegrass, yellow fruit hawthorn, picea schrenkiana, gland tooth rose, beautiful wooden knotweed, Trifolium repense, Xinjiang open country apple
Fruit.
(3) according to the difference of its functional area, the region division based on Landscape construction is served as theme and is penetrated through between lane
This five part is afforested in greening, parking area greening, main building square greening, the greening of leisure greenery patches, periphery, will combine the gas of Ili Prefecture
Time condition, revegetation condition etc. carry out the discussion of plants configuration scheme for this five part respectively.
The landscape emphasis builds the soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region, and concrete configuration is as follows:
1, the region based on Landscape construction should be guiding with demand, and emphasis meets following several respects:
Merge with surrounding enviroment height: the coordination that the plants landscape in such region is considered as road domain range level first is melted
It closes, kind identical or similar with road domain floristics is selected, with the collocation consistent or similar with road domain plant society mode
Mode carries out greening configuration, is finally reached the plants landscape of construction and road domain present vegetation landscape height merges unanimously, reduce road
Adverse effect of the construction of road service facility to surrounding landscape environment style and features.
Meet and use function: the plants landscape in such region should meet first using function, pass through the construction of plants landscape
More comfortable, more pleasant, more satisfied, more practical landscape is created to user.Function should be analyzed when specific plants configuration first
The functional character in energy region selects suitable floristics and collocation mode in conjunction with the land occupation condition in place, is such as stopped with meeting
Rest, view, leisure, outdoor such as are had dinner, entertain at the various activities demand.
Build functional area landscape atmosphere: plant is built on the basis of meeting substantially using function, should be by considering to plant
The pattern of object, the fragrance of a flower, tree-like, texture, implied meaning etc., by the reasonable utilization of pattern build as far as possible the pattern duration it is long,
Collocation is abundant, eye-catching beautiful impression;By considering the fragrance of plants and flowers, flower is selected as far as possible in user's frequent activities region
Fragrant pleasant floristics, to increase the comfort level in outdoor activity region;Pass through the plant of different shapes such as umbrella shape, tower-shaped
Reasonably combined plant is carried out, to build the excellent plant style and features of visual Landscape;Leaf should be arranged in the region of user's frequent activities
The floristics of flower, Stemwood quality exquisiteness, to build exquisite outdoor Rest space;It is also contemplated that the fine implied meaning of plant, choosing
It is used with implied meaning floristics abundant in priority function region, improves the resolution and cultural connotation in region.
2, phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose need to stress Landscape construction under the premise of meeting functional requirement, take into account
The level of vegetational type point is different, and according to the difference in region, specific Plant choosing is as follows:
Soil-and-water conservation effect Landscape construction technology based on landscape
The soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region is built in the restoration of the ecosystem, and concrete configuration is as follows:
(1) region based on restoration of the ecosystem should pay close attention to the solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function, Look Integration function
Opposite reduction, should meet following demand:
Roadbed side slope: plants configuration should premised on reinforcing road bed stabilization function, plants configuration should from the solid soil of water conservation,
Reinforcement anchoring function is set out, and plants configuration is rationally carried out, and guarantee driving safety, plant needs well developed root system, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, avoids face
The plant of vivid, the easy stimulation driver of color.
The plants configuration for taking spoil ground: taking spoil ground and temporarily take up an area should desalinate landscape function from the stability in region
Energy demand, plant need fast-growing, and preferential native country adaptive plant increases ecological amalgamation and stability of community, reduces soil erosion.
(2) phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose it is anti-need to stress soil erosion under the premise of meeting functional requirement
It controls, the level point for taking into account vegetational type is different, and according to landforms and the difference in highway region, specific Plant choosing is as follows:
Soil-and-water conservation effect Landscape construction based on restoration of the ecosystem
The embodiment of the present invention from Ili Prefecture highway engineering soil erosion feature, soil-and-water conservation effect screening, landscape plant
Configuration technology research etc. is started with, and is divided landscape emphasis to build area and ecological focus of repairing area and has been carried out vegetation arrangement, proposes suitable
Highway construction soil-and-water conservation effect Landscape construction method for Ili Prefecture.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is used for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) difference of the function and its self-characteristic played by each engineering unit, corresponding landscape need is not also identical,
The Landscape construction of highway is divided into landscape emphasis construction region and restoration of the ecosystem construction region by different according to its functional requirement;
Landscape emphasis builds region: referring to that the nodes such as service area, charge station, lookout terrace are mainly that user provides various service functions
Region, Plant landscape creation should with demand be guiding;
Region is built in restoration of the ecosystem: the region for stressing ecological recovery such as refer to highway subgrade slope, take spoil ground, temporary site,
The solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function are paid close attention to, Look Integration function is opposite to weaken;
(2) selection is used for the floristics of Ili Prefecture water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation, and plant origin is in Yi Li
The investigation of local highway road domain environment phytobiocoenose, chooses: slender wheatgrass, Festuca Arundinacea, lyme grass, nothing from following floristics
Awns herba bromi japonici, yellow bluestem, bur clover, sainfoin, prairie milk vetch, Sophora alopecuroide, hedysarum scoparium, alfalfa, thin,tough silk wormwood artemisia, sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), harmel, sand
Rice, caragana microphylla, strange willow, false indigo, the small camomile of shrub, bush cinqefoil, white thorn, humid euphorbia, thorn Chenopodiaceae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, dragon spruce, Chinese juniper, Eurasian circle
Cypress, locust tree, Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, wild apricot, Devil Frown caragana, the new tower flower of fragrance, hypericum meadow sweet, tianshan mountain birch, Tianshan Mountains cherry
Peach, orchardgrass, annual bluegrass, yellow fruit hawthorn, picea schrenkiana, gland tooth rose, beautiful wooden knotweed, Trifolium repense, Malus sieversii;
(3) according to the difference of its functional area, the region division based on Landscape construction is afforested between serving as theme and penetrating through lane, is stopped
This five part is afforested in vehicle Qu Lvhua, main building square greening, the greening of leisure greenery patches, periphery, weather conditions, plant in conjunction with Ili Prefecture
It is resumed condition.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method, which is characterized in that described
Landscape emphasis build the soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region, concrete configuration is as follows:
(1), the region based on Landscape construction should be guiding with demand, and emphasis meets following several respects:
Merge with surrounding enviroment height: the plants landscape in such region is considered as the coordination fusion of road domain range level, choosing first
The identical or similar kind of the road Ze Yu domain floristics, with the collocation mode consistent or similar with road domain plant society mode into
Row greening configuration, is finally reached the plants landscape of construction and road domain present vegetation landscape height merges unanimously, reduces road service
Adverse effect of the construction of facility to surrounding landscape environment style and features;
Meet and use function: the plants landscape in such region should meet first using function, be made by the construction of plants landscape
User creates more comfortable, more pleasant, more satisfied, more practical landscape;Analytic function region first when specific plants configuration
Functional character select suitable floristics and collocation mode in conjunction with the land occupation condition in place, such as have a rest, see to meet
Scape, leisure, outdoor such as are had dinner, entertain at the various activities demand;
Build functional area landscape atmosphere: plant is built on the basis of meeting substantially using function, should be by considering plant
Pattern, the fragrance of a flower, tree-like, texture, implied meaning etc. build pattern duration length, collocation by the reasonable utilization of pattern as far as possible
Abundant, eye-catching beautiful impression;By considering the fragrance of plants and flowers, select the fragrance of a flower suitable as far as possible in user's frequent activities region
The floristics of people, to increase the comfort level in outdoor activity region;It is carried out by the plant of different shapes such as umbrella shape, tower-shaped
Reasonably combined plant, to build the excellent plant style and features of visual Landscape;Leaf flower, tree should be arranged in the region of user's frequent activities
The floristics of bole matter exquisiteness, to build exquisite outdoor Rest space;Consider the fine implied meaning of plant, selects implied meaning abundant
Floristics used in priority function region, improve the resolution and cultural connotation in region;
(2), phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose need to stress Landscape construction under the premise of meeting functional requirement, take into account plant
It is different by the level of group point.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of for water and soil conservation in highway construction Plant landscape creation method, which is characterized in that described
Restoration of the ecosystem build the soil-and-water conservation effect landscape in region, concrete configuration is as follows:
(1) region based on restoration of the ecosystem should pay close attention to the solid soil of water conservation and ecological recovery function, Look Integration function are opposite
Reduction, should meet following demand:
Roadbed side slope: plants configuration should be premised on reinforcing road bed stabilization function, and plants configuration should be from the solid soil of water conservation, reinforcement
Anchoring function is set out, and plants configuration is rationally carried out, and guarantee driving safety, plant needs well developed root system, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, and it is fresh to avoid color
The plant of bright, easy stimulation driver;
The plants configuration for taking spoil ground: taking spoil ground and temporarily take up an area should be from the stability in region, and desalinating landscape function needs
It asks, plant needs fast-growing, and preferential native country adaptive plant increases ecological amalgamation and stability of community, reduces soil erosion;
(2) phytobiocoenose building is carried out, phytobiocoenose need to stress prevention and control of soil erosion under the premise of meeting functional requirement, simultaneous
The level point for caring for vegetational type is different.
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Cited By (1)
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CN112580493A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Plant identification method, device and equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing and storage medium |
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CN102491525A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for building river course ecological restoration vegetation |
CN104982215A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Comprehensive engineering improving method for reducing salt of Jiangsu coastal beach-lands and landscape mode |
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CN112580493A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Plant identification method, device and equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing and storage medium |
CN112580493B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-11-09 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Plant identification method, device and equipment based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing and storage medium |
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