CN109640442B - Classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT - Google Patents
Classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT Download PDFInfo
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- CN109640442B CN109640442B CN201811530990.4A CN201811530990A CN109640442B CN 109640442 B CN109640442 B CN 109640442B CN 201811530990 A CN201811530990 A CN 201811530990A CN 109640442 B CN109640442 B CN 109640442B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT, which comprises an equipment end, a cloud platform and an upper computer monitoring end, wherein a light environment acquisition end consists of a main control chip, an NB-IOT module and a camera module and is used for acquiring the whole light environment information of a classroom, calculating the brightness value of each indoor LED through image processing and sending the brightness value to the upper computer; the LED control end consists of a main control chip, an NB-IOT module, an LED and an LED constant current driving module and is used for receiving a control signal to control the LED brightness; the cloud platform is used as a communication relay between the upper computer monitoring end and the equipment end; and the upper computer monitoring terminal is used for receiving the data sent by the acquisition terminal, forwarding the data to the control terminal through the cloud platform and backing up the data. The system can calculate and adjust the brightness of the LEDs in each area in real time according to the application scene and the indoor brightness distribution of a classroom, and provides a healthy and proper indoor light environment for students to study.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internet communication, in particular to a classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT.
Background
The classroom lighting environment is of great importance to the visual health and the learning efficiency of students, and uncomfortable lighting can cause frequent over-adjustment of human eyes, muscle tension and visual fatigue, and simultaneously can cause the reduction of the learning efficiency and influence the mental state of the students.
At present, a manual control fluorescent lamp is almost adopted for lighting in a classroom, and the lamp can be controlled to be in a bright state and a dark state only by manual control. The brightness of the indoor lamp cannot be correspondingly adjusted when the external environment light changes, and unnecessary electric energy loss is reduced; when the illumination of each area in a classroom is not uniform, the brightness of the lamps in each area cannot be automatically changed to provide uniform indoor illumination; when the projector is played in class, the lamp in the first half area of the classroom can be turned off in the traditional situation, so that the difference between the background brightness and the brightness of the projector is too large when the student watches the projector, and the visual fatigue is aggravated. Therefore, an intelligent lamp control system which is focused on the visual health of students is needed urgently. In the prior art, generally, the illuminance is simply measured by using a photoresistor, and then the brightness of the lamp is negatively fed back and adjusted, or the brightness of the lamp is manually adjusted by a manual control mode at an upper computer terminal.
Most of the existing internet-of-things intelligent lamp control systems are based on GPRS (general packet radio service) or local area network modes such as wifi, Bluetooth and zigbee, and although GPRS is based on a cellular network and can be directly connected to the internet, the GPRS is high in cost, high in flow rate charge and high in power consumption; although the local area network approach is relatively cheap, it requires at least two hops to join the network, i.e. it also requires an additional convergence gateway to join the network, which has great disadvantages in development, installation and maintenance, and hardware cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT, the system has the capability of covering mass connection more widely, has lower power consumption and lower module cost, can acquire accurate classroom light environment information in real time, can calculate the most suitable LED brightness value through the judgment and detection of a plurality of parameters in a fusion manner, sends each LED brightness value to a cloud platform through NB-IOT communication, then sends the LED brightness value to an upper computer monitoring end, and the upper computer stores and displays the brightness information and sends an LED brightness control signal to an LED control end to change the brightness of each LED lamp.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT of the present invention is characterized in that: the system comprises an equipment end consisting of a light environment acquisition end and an LED control end, a cloud platform and an upper computer monitoring end;
the light environment acquisition end is composed of a control chip, an NB-IOT module and a camera module, acquires accurate light environment information of a classroom by adopting a multi-exposure fusion mode, calculates the optimal brightness value of each indoor LED through image processing and sends the optimal brightness value to the upper computer monitoring end;
the LED control end consists of a control chip, an NB-IOT module, an LED lamp and an LED constant current driving module and is used for receiving a control signal and then controlling the brightness of the LED lamp;
the cloud platform is used as a communication relay between the upper computer monitoring end and the LED control end as well as the light environment acquisition end, and the cloud platform is connected and communicated with the equipment end through a base station;
the upper computer monitoring end comprises a server for storing data and a computer interface end, the server and the cloud platform interact information in real time, the computer interface end accesses the server in real time to acquire data and issue the data, and when the computer interface end is off-line, the server keeps on-line to perform data interaction with the lower end.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, the device end comprises a light environment collection end and a plurality of LED control ends, the light environment collection end is installed right behind the classroom and used for shooting and recording the whole information of the classroom, each LED control end is installed on the ceiling of the classroom, the brightness of one LED lamp is independently controlled, and the communication with the upper computer monitoring end is realized through the NB-IOT module.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, the light environment acquisition end obtains a wide view angle image by shooting and recording an image of a whole indoor scene, and then converts the wide view angle image into an undistorted planar image for subsequent processing by an image undistorting algorithm inside the STM 32.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the light environment collecting end records the brightness information of the indoor high dynamic range in a multi-exposure manner of the camera, shoots a plurality of images with different exposure levels, and then recovers a high dynamic image reflecting the brightness of the real scene through a fusion algorithm and a camera brightness response curve, and the plurality of images with different exposure levels are obtained by changing the exposure time.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the brightness of the desktop is determined according to the obtained high dynamic image, the real-time illumination of the desktop is determined according to the reflection characteristics of the desktop, the brightness of the LED of the corresponding lamp is continuously adjusted downward when the illumination of the desktop is higher than a limit value, the adjustment is stopped until the illumination value collected next time is within a suitable interval or until the brightness of the LED is 0, and the brightness of the LED of the corresponding lamp is adjusted upward when the illumination of the desktop is lower than a standard value.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collected planar image is used to determine the pixel area of the blackboard in the image according to the chromaticity characteristics of the blackboard, determine whether the classroom enters the class-in mode according to whether the blackboard contains a highlighted area, and if so, turn down the brightness of the LEDs in the front area of the classroom.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the light environment acquisition end calculates the brightness required by each indoor LED according to the scene brightness information recorded by the multi-exposure shooting, and sends the calculated brightness to the cloud platform through the NB-IOT module, and the cloud platform forwards the signal to the upper computer monitoring end.
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper computer monitoring terminal is configured to receive the collected signal sent by the light environment collecting terminal, display brightness information of each LED lamp in each classroom on the display in real time, backup and store the brightness information, and send each LED brightness control signal to the corresponding LED control terminal.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper computer setting system is in a manual mode or an automatic mode.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the LED control end controls the LED constant current driver in a PWM wave manner according to the received LED brightness value, and then controls the brightness of the LED, and in order to adapt to the characteristics of human eyes, a soft adjustment manner is adopted when adjusting the brightness of the LED, that is, when the brightness of the LED is to be increased, a target brightness value is reached by slowly increasing the duty ratio of the PWM wave within a certain period of time; when the brightness of the LED is to be reduced, the target brightness value is reached by slowly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM wave in a period of time.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the classroom light environment control system based on the NB-IOT has the following advantages that:
1. compared with the traditional indoor lamp control system, the system has the advantages that the structure of the equipment end is simpler and more convenient, the installation is convenient, the occupied space is small, and the network can be directly accessed without a convergence gateway;
2. the NB-IOT communication mode has the advantages of wide coverage, strong connection, low power consumption and low cost;
3. the system can really achieve intellectualization, records indoor integral light environment information, then performs multi-parameter fusion analysis and calculation, and then adjusts and responds to the LED brightness, so that the classroom achieves the most suitable light environment state, and meanwhile, the energy is saved to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall layout diagram of a spatial structure of a classroom and lower-end devices;
FIG. 3 is a graph of camera brightness, i.e. the corresponding relationship between exposure and pixel gray-scale value;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of classroom light environment regulation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positions of the blackboard, blackboard light and projector;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the structure of the monitoring end of the upper computer;
fig. 7 is a specific structure diagram and a power supply mode diagram of the LED control terminal.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawing.
The classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT is shown in figure 1, wherein the device end comprises two types of devices, namely a classroom light environment acquisition end and an LED control end, one light environment acquisition end is composed of a high-performance STM32 chip, an NB-IOT module and a camera module, and the LED control end is composed of an STM32 chip, an NB-IOT module and an LED constant current drive controller which are arranged at the lower end. The equipment end communicates with the operator base station through the NB-IOT module, the base station is communicated with the cloud platform, the cloud platform can communicate with the equipment end in real time, and the function of connecting to the Internet is achieved by the equipment end. The cloud platform serves as a relay end, can convert a data format after receiving data information of the equipment end and then sends the data information to the upper computer monitoring end, can also receive a control signal of the upper computer monitoring end, and sends the data information to the equipment end through the base station after converting the format. The upper computer monitoring end is the uppermost layer part of the whole system and specifically comprises a computer interface end and a server, the server exchanges information with the cloud platform in real time, the server can be accessed to acquire data and issue data after the computer interface end logs in, and the server can still be kept online after the computer interface end is offline, and performs data interaction with the lower end and processes data.
As shown in fig. 2, the layout of the desktop, blackboard and lamps in the classroom is drawn in the figure, which is the overall arrangement of the system of the present invention in the classroom, and the layout conforms to the situation of most of the existing classrooms of middle and primary schools. The device side is installed at a specific position in a classroom, and interaction with the upper computer is realized through NB-IOT communication. The device end comprises a classroom light environment acquisition end and a plurality of LED control ends, wherein the light environment acquisition end is installed at the position of a ceiling behind a classroom, a typical installation position is shown in the figure II, a camera at the position can acquire image information of a desktop and a blackboard, and the desktop image acquisition end is not easily shielded by the body of a student. The LED control end is used for controlling the brightness of the LED lamps, one lamp is provided with one LED control end device, and each indoor lamp can realize independent brightness control.
Because the space of a classroom is usually larger, and the information of the whole space cannot be recorded at one time by using a lens with a common visual angle, the light environment acquisition end acquires the image information of the classroom through an embedded camera provided with a fisheye lens or an ultra-wide-angle lens. The fisheye lens is an extreme wide-angle lens, the visual angle of the fisheye lens can be close to 180 degrees, the whole classroom information can be recorded by shooting once, but the shot image has serious distortion, and image distortion removal processing is firstly needed.
The core of the classroom light environment acquisition end is to synthesize an actual space brightness image with a high dynamic range in a multi-exposure shooting mode. According to the geometrical optics principle, the illumination received by the camera sensor and the actual scene brightness have the following corresponding relation:
in the formula (1), E is the illumination of a camera light sensor plane (CCD or CMOS), L is the brightness of an actual scene, tau is the lens transmittance, FmIs the reciprocal of the relative numerical aperture of the camera. Meanwhile, the planar illuminance E of the photosensor has the following relationship with the exposure amount:
H＝E×T(2)
wherein T is exposure time and H is exposure amount.
Fig. 3 shows the correspondence between the exposure amount and the gray-scale value of the camera, which is called a luminance response curve of the camera, and the luminance response curve of the camera is fixed after the camera leaves the factory and can be recovered by an experimental calibration method. According to the brightness curve and the exposure time used in shooting, the mapping relation between the image gray value and the actual scene brightness can be determined by combining the formulas (1) and (2).
However, the dynamic range of the brightness of the image obtained by one-time exposure shooting of the camera is limited, and the problems of over exposure of a local highlight area or insufficient exposure of a local dark area can occur. And recording the information of the low-brightness section in the scene by adopting high-exposure shooting, and recording the information of the high-brightness section in the actual scene by adopting low-exposure shooting. The minimum number of shots required for one multi-exposure process is determined by equation (3):
n＝Nscene/NCamera with a camera module(3)
Wherein N is the number of times of shooting required by one multi-exposure, i.e. the number of pictures required by high dynamic fusion, NSceneDynamic range of brightness for classroom scene, NCamera with a camera moduleIs the dynamic range of the camera head. After the n multi-exposure images are obtained, the n images are fused into one high dynamic brightness range image by adopting a weight fusion method. The implementation process is shown in the following formula:
Li＝f(Bi) I is an integer of 1 to n (4)
Wherein L isiFor the brightness values recovered by a single image, BiF () is a luminance-grayscale correspondence determined by the formulas (1) and (2), and L is a final luminance value obtained by fusing and weighting the n images. It can be seen that, the closer the pixel gray value is to 128, the greater the weight occupied in the brightness reduction process, which is determined by the curve shape of fig. 2, the greater the slope of the pixel point closer to 128 gray value, which indicates that the pixel gray value in the region is mapped to the exposure H and then to the brightness L, the more accurate the pixel point is in the process of mapping to the exposure H and then to the brightness LHigh, so pixels closer to 128 pixel values are assigned more weight.
After an image with a high dynamic brightness range is restored, the actual brightness information of any position in the classroom can be accurately obtained. According to the chromaticity characteristics of the classroom desktop, the desktop area in the shot image is determined, the chromaticity characteristics of the desktop can be determined through consulting data or actual measurement, and then the approximate illumination condition of the desktop can be obtained through the brightness of the desktop area. The specific calculation flow is as follows, and the desktop is approximately equivalent to a complete diffuse reflector in the calculation:
Ein＝πL/ρ (8)
wherein EinThe desktop illuminance is represented by formula 8, where ρ is the desktop reflectance and L is the measured desktop brightness. If the calculated desktop illuminance value is not within the reasonable value interval, the brightness of the lamp corresponding to the area is recalculated, the dimming instruction is sent to adjust the brightness of the lamp, then whether the desktop illuminance meets the requirement is continuously detected, if not, the brightness of the lamp is continuously adjusted, and the flow chart of the feedback adjustment is shown in fig. 4.
The blackboard has a high use frequency in the learning process of students, and the lighting conditions of the blackboard directly concern the eyesight of the students, so that more fine adjustment is needed. As shown in fig. 5, the position schematic diagram of the blackboard, the blackboard lamp and the projector is shown, two blackboard lamps are arranged at the top and controlled by respective LED control end devices, the blackboard is positioned on the front wall surface, the projection white board is generally positioned in a rectangular area in the middle of the blackboard, the white board is shielded by the blackboard surface at ordinary times, and the blackboard surface is pushed away when the projection white board is used, so that the white board can be exposed and used as a projection plane. The pixel area position of the blackboard in a shot image is determined through chromaticity identification, the chromaticity characteristic of the blackboard can be determined through reference of data or actual measurement, and the position of the blackboard in the image can be determined according to the chromaticity characteristic. The blackboard surface illumination can be calculated by combining a formula (8) according to the brightness of the blackboard area, and the blackboard lamp is adjusted according to the blackboard surface illumination, wherein the adjustment process is similar to the illumination adjustment process. When the blackboard area detects a high-brightness area with a large area, the projector is turned on, a projection image is projected on the projection white board, the blackboard lamp is turned off at the moment, the brightness of the lamps in the first half area of the classroom is correspondingly reduced, and the multimedia class mode is entered.
As shown in fig. 6, after the adjusted brightness of the corresponding lamp is calculated, the light environment acquisition end sends the information to the NB base station through the NB-IOT module, the base station sends the information to the cloud platform, the cloud platform has the functions of relay caching and data format conversion, binary data received by the device end can be converted into json format data and sent to the upper computer monitoring end, the json data is specifically sent to a server of a user, and after the user opens a computer end interface, data interaction can be performed with the server in real time. The computer end interface has the functions of monitoring the state of the equipment end in real time, manually controlling the lamp and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, for a specific structure of the LED control end, the power module converts 220V ac power into 5V dc power and 220V dc power, the 5V dc power is used to supply power to the control chip and the NB-IOT module, and the LED constant current driving controller is powered by 220V power and can generate a constant current source to drive the LED lamp to emit light. The LED control end receives a lamp brightness control signal through the NB-IOT module, and generates PWM waves corresponding to pulse widths to the constant current driving controller after being processed by the STM 32. And the constant current driving controller controls the brightness of the lamp based on the received PWM wave. The dimming frequency of the luminaire should be at least 100HZ based on the frequency limit of the flicker perceived by the human eye. Meanwhile, considering that when the brightness of the lamp is changed, the sudden brightness change can cause discomfort of human eyes, so that visual fatigue and the learning efficiency are reduced, a soft adjustment mode is adopted when the brightness of the LED is adjusted, namely, when the brightness of the LED is to be improved, the target brightness value is achieved by gradually improving the duty ratio of the PWM wave within a period of time; when the brightness of the LED is to be reduced, the target brightness value is reached by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the PWM wave in a period of time.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A classroom light environment control system based on NB-IOT is characterized in that: the system comprises a light environment acquisition end, a cloud platform and an upper computer monitoring end, wherein the light environment acquisition end consists of a light environment acquisition end and an LED control end;
the light environment acquisition end is composed of a control chip, an NB-IOT module and a camera module, acquires accurate light environment information of a classroom by adopting a multi-exposure fusion mode, calculates the optimal brightness value of each indoor LED through image processing and sends the optimal brightness value to the upper computer monitoring end;
the LED control end consists of a control chip, an NB-IOT module, an LED lamp and an LED constant current driving module and is used for receiving a control signal and then controlling the brightness of the LED lamp;
the cloud platform is used as a communication relay between the upper computer monitoring end and the LED control end as well as the light environment acquisition end, and the cloud platform is connected and communicated with the equipment end through a base station; the device end consists of a light environment acquisition end and a plurality of LED control ends, the light environment acquisition end is arranged right behind a classroom and used for shooting and recording the whole information of the classroom, each LED control end is arranged on the ceiling of the classroom, the brightness of an LED lamp is independently controlled, and the communication with the upper computer monitoring end is realized through an NB-IOT module;
the upper computer monitoring end comprises a server for storing data and a computer interface end, the server and the cloud platform interact information in real time, the computer interface end accesses the server in real time to acquire data and issue the data, and when the computer interface end is off-line, the server keeps on-line to perform data interaction with the lower end;
the light environment acquisition end records the brightness information of an indoor high dynamic range in a multi-exposure mode of a camera, a plurality of images with different exposure degrees are shot, then a high dynamic image reflecting the brightness of a real scene is recovered through a fusion algorithm and a camera brightness response curve, and the plurality of images with different exposure degrees are acquired by adopting a method of changing exposure time; and determining the brightness of the desktop according to the obtained high dynamic image, determining the real-time illumination of the desktop according to the reflection characteristic of the desktop, continuously reducing the brightness of the LED of the corresponding lamp when the illumination of the desktop is higher than a limit value, stopping the adjustment until the illumination value collected next time is in a proper interval or the brightness of the LED is 0, and increasing the brightness of the LED of the corresponding lamp when the illumination of the desktop is lower than a standard value.
2. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the light environment acquisition end obtains wide-view images by shooting and recording scene images in the whole room, and then the images are converted into distortion-free plane images for subsequent processing through an image distortion removal algorithm in the STM 32.
3. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the steps of determining a pixel area of a blackboard in an image according to the chrominance characteristics of the blackboard through an acquired planar image, judging whether a classroom enters a class-taking mode or not according to the fact that whether the blackboard contains a highlighted area or not, and reducing the brightness value of an LED in the front area of the classroom if the blackboard contains the highlighted area.
4. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 2, wherein: the light environment acquisition end calculates the brightness required by each indoor LED through scene brightness information recorded by multi-exposure shooting, sends the brightness to the cloud platform through the NB-IOT module, and the cloud platform forwards the signal to the upper computer monitoring end.
5. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper computer monitoring end is used for receiving the acquisition signals sent by the light environment acquisition end, displaying the brightness information of each LED lamp of each classroom on the display in real time, backing up and storing the brightness information, and simultaneously sending each LED brightness control signal to the corresponding LED control end.
6. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 5, wherein: the upper computer sets the system to be in a manual mode or an automatic mode.
7. The NB-IOT based classroom light environment control system as defined in claim 5, wherein: the LED control end controls the LED constant-current driver in a PWM wave mode according to the received LED brightness value, then controls the brightness of the LED, and adopts a soft adjustment mode when adjusting the LED brightness in order to adapt to the characteristics of human eyes, namely, when the LED brightness is to be improved, the target brightness value is reached in a mode of slowly improving the PWM wave duty ratio within a period of time; when the brightness of the LED is to be reduced, the target brightness value is reached by slowly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM wave in a period of time.
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| PCT/CN2019/095205 WO2020119101A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2019-07-09 | Nb-iot based classroom light environment control system |
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| WO2020119101A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
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