CN109637739B - Quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor - Google Patents

Quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109637739B
CN109637739B CN201811563699.7A CN201811563699A CN109637739B CN 109637739 B CN109637739 B CN 109637739B CN 201811563699 A CN201811563699 A CN 201811563699A CN 109637739 B CN109637739 B CN 109637739B
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channel
framework
cooling channel
layer
superconductors
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CN109637739A (en
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胡子珩
庞骁刚
章彬
汪桢子
汪伟
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Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/074672 priority patent/WO2020124757A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/16Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by cooling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • H01B12/10Multi-filaments embedded in normal conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • H01B12/12Hollow conductors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable lead-through conductor, which comprises a framework, a superconductor, a metal covering layer, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a protective shell, wherein the framework, the superconductor, the metal covering layer, the insulating layer, the shielding layer and the protective shell are arranged from inside to outside; wherein: the framework is a hollow metal framework, and an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel are formed in the hollow part of the framework along the axial direction; a plurality of channel grooves which are longitudinally and spirally integrated are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the framework at intervals along the circumference; superconductors are stacked in each channel groove, and a metal covering layer is covered on the superconductors in each channel groove; the insulating layer is wound on the outer surface of the framework covered with the metal covering layer; a shielding layer is arranged on the outer surface of the insulating layer, and one end or two ends of the shielding layer are grounded; and a protective shell is arranged outside the shielding layer. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the superconductor has good isotropy, large current-carrying capacity, good fixing effect and good cooling effect.

Description

Quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting transmission, in particular to a quasi-isotropic high-current-carrying superconducting cable lead-through conductor.
Background
Compared with the conventional cable, the high-temperature superconducting cable has the advantages of high current carrying capacity, compact structure, small transmission loss and the like, and has development potential in the aspects of large-scale power transmission or line expansion under the limitation of corridor. The superconducting cable with high transmission voltage and large current carrying capacity has good application prospect.
Because of the limited current carrying capacity of a single belt material, the parallel application of a plurality of belt materials can improve the current density, and the parallel application of a plurality of belt materials becomes the necessary trend of the development of the conductive body of the superconducting cable. With the application of the second generation superconducting tape, several twisted stacked superconducting cable structures are studied sequentially all over the world, so that the current carrying capacity can be greatly improved, but each section still has the defect of anisotropy under an external magnetic field, and the twisted shape cannot be fixed and is easy to move in a pipeline. In the aspect of refrigeration, a liquid nitrogen channel is directly reserved on a conventional cable, nitrogen is introduced into a pipeline for precooling, and after the pipeline is cooled to a certain temperature, liquid nitrogen is introduced, so that a great amount of nitrogen is wasted. If two liquid nitrogen channels are arranged in the superconducting cable and are respectively used for pre-cooling and main cooling, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the smaller pipeline, small holes are arranged on the pipeline, the main pipeline is cooled by utilizing latent heat, and then the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the main cooling channel, so that the liquid nitrogen consumption can be saved, and the cooling speed is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a quasi-isotropic high-current-carrying superconducting cable lead-through conductor, wherein the superconductor has good isotropy, large current-carrying capacity, good fixing effect and good cooling effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor, which includes a skeleton, a superconductor, a metal covering layer, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a protective housing, wherein the skeleton, the superconductor, the metal covering layer, the insulating layer, the shielding layer and the protective housing are arranged from inside to outside; wherein:
the framework is a hollow metal framework, and an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel are formed in the hollow part of the framework along the axial direction; a plurality of channel grooves which are longitudinally and spirally integrated are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the framework at intervals along the circumference;
superconductors are stacked in each channel groove, and a metal covering layer is covered on the superconductors in each channel groove;
the insulating layer is wound on the outer surface of the framework covered with the metal covering layer;
a shielding layer is arranged on the outer surface of the insulating layer, and one end or two ends of the shielding layer are grounded;
and a protective shell is arranged outside the shielding layer.
The cross section of the plurality of channel grooves is rectangular, a plurality of superconductors which are arranged in geometric symmetry according to the center are contained in each channel groove, and each superconductor comprises a plurality of layers of mutually stacked superconducting tapes.
Wherein two adjacent superconductors in each channel groove are perpendicular to each other.
Wherein 5 channel grooves are formed in the framework, and 4 strands of superconductors are accommodated in each channel groove.
Wherein the outer surface of the metal covering layer is arc-shaped.
The hollow part of the framework is provided with an axial channel pipe, an inner cooling channel is formed inside the channel pipe, and an outer cooling channel is formed between the outer wall of the channel pipe and the inner wall of the framework; the pipe wall of the channel pipe is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the small holes are communicated with the inner cooling channel and the outer cooling channel.
Wherein the outer cooling channel is a unidirectional flow channel, and the refrigerant is injected from one end thereof and then flows out from the other end thereof.
The insulating layer is formed by winding insulating paper with good insulating performance and good mechanical performance at low temperature.
Wherein the superconducting tape is made of high-temperature superconducting materials.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, the channel grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed on the metal framework, and a plurality of superconductors which are distributed in a central symmetry manner are arranged in the channel grooves, and as the superconductors in each channel groove are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the cable direction is less influenced by a magnetic field and an electric field, so that the cable has good isotropy;
secondly, as the superconductor is arranged in the channel groove and is extruded and covered by the metal covering layer, the fixing effect on the superconductor is very good;
the superconductors in each channel groove are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of superconducting tapes, and the superconducting tapes are stacked to have high current density and strong current carrying capacity.
In addition, because the hollow part of the metal framework is provided with the inner cooling channel and the outer cooling channel, liquid nitrogen is firstly introduced into the inner cooling channel for pre-cooling, and then the liquid nitrogen can be sprayed to the outer cooling channel through the small holes, the outer cooling channel is cooled by utilizing the latent heat principle, and after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature, the outer cooling channel is introduced with the liquid nitrogen for continuous cooling, so that the cooling mode not only saves the liquid nitrogen consumption, but also accelerates the cooling speed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a quasi-isotropic high-current-carrying superconducting cable conductor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the main structure of a quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor provided by the invention. Referring to fig. 2 together, in this embodiment, the quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor includes a framework 5, a superconductor 3, a metal covering layer 4, an insulating layer 6, a shielding layer 7 and a protective housing 8 from inside to outside; wherein:
the framework 5 is a hollow metal framework with a certain thickness, and can be made of copper, aluminum, stainless steel and other materials, and an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel are formed in the hollow part of the framework 5 along the axial direction; specifically, a channel tube 1 along the axial direction is arranged in the hollow part of the framework, an inner cooling channel 10 is formed inside the channel tube 1, and an outer cooling channel 11 is formed between the outer wall of the channel tube 1 and the inner wall of the framework 5; a plurality of small holes 12 are arranged on the pipe wall of the channel pipe, and the small holes 12 are communicated with the inner cooling channel 10 and the outer cooling channel 11. The inner cooling channel 10 and the outer cooling channel 11 are used as circulation channels of coolant (such as liquid nitrogen) for refrigeration; meanwhile, the outer cooling passage 11 is a unidirectional flow passage, and the refrigerant is injected from one end thereof and then flows out from the other end thereof.
A plurality of channel grooves 50 which are longitudinally and spirally arranged on the outer surface of the framework 5 along the circumference at uniform intervals and are used for laying the superconductor 3 and placing the metal covering layer 4; in one example, the plurality of channel grooves 50 are uniformly spaced along the axis of the skeleton 5, and 5 channel grooves 50 are shown in fig. 2, and the cross section of the plurality of channel grooves 50 is rectangular.
A superconductor 3 is stacked in each channel groove 50, and a metal cover layer 4 is covered on the superconductor 3 in each channel groove 50; wherein each channel slot 50 accommodates a plurality of superconductors 3 arranged geometrically symmetrically about the center, each comprising a plurality of stacked superconducting tapes. The superconductive tape 30 is fabricated from a high temperature superconductive material, such as yttrium barium copper oxide. In the example shown in fig. 2, each of the channel grooves 50 accommodates 4 strands of superconductors 3, and two adjacent strands of superconductors 3 are perpendicular to each other. It is understood that the superconductor 3 is stacked in the channel grooves 50 for current transmission, and its current carrying capacity is high, and its anisotropy is small because the superconductors 3 in the respective channel grooves 50 are distributed symmetrically in the center.
Meanwhile, the metal covering layer 4 is made of metal materials, the metal covering layer 4 is filled outside the superconductor 4, and the outer surface of the metal covering layer 4 is arc-shaped, so that a complete circumference is formed with the outer surface of the framework 5, and the surface is conveniently coated with the insulating layer; furthermore, the metal coating layer 4 can be used for extruding the superconducting tape, so that the structure is more compact.
The outer surface of the framework 5 covered with the metal covering layer 4 is wound with the insulating layer 6; the insulating layer is formed by winding insulating paper with good insulating performance and good mechanical performance at low temperature.
The outer surface of the insulating layer 6 is provided with a shielding layer 7, and one end or two ends of the shielding layer 7 are grounded to form a Faraday cage for shielding an external electric field of the superconducting cable.
A protective housing 8 is provided outside the shielding layer 7 for protecting the current-carrying conductors, which protective housing may be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic material or the like.
In the implementation of this embodiment, before the cable begins to cool, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner cooling channel 10 of the channel pipe 1 to perform pre-cooling, and since the small holes 12 in all directions are arranged on the channel pipe 1, nitrogen is sprayed outwards through the small holes 12 after the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner cooling channel 10, the main cooling channel (the outer cooling channel 12) is cooled by utilizing the latent heat principle, and after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature, the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the main cooling channel (the outer cooling channel 12) to continue cooling. The cooling mode not only saves the liquid nitrogen consumption, but also quickens the cooling speed.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, the channel grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed on the metal framework, and a plurality of superconductors which are distributed in a central symmetry manner are arranged in the channel grooves, and as the superconductors in each channel groove are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the cable direction is less influenced by a magnetic field and an electric field, so that the cable has good isotropy;
secondly, as the superconductor is arranged in the channel groove and is extruded and covered by the metal covering layer, the fixing effect on the superconductor is very good;
the superconductors in each channel groove are formed by stacking a plurality of layers of superconducting tapes, and the superconducting tapes are stacked to have high current density and strong current carrying capacity.
In addition, because the hollow part of the metal framework is provided with the inner cooling channel and the outer cooling channel, liquid nitrogen is firstly introduced into the inner cooling channel for pre-cooling, and then the liquid nitrogen can be sprayed to the outer cooling channel through the small holes, the outer cooling channel is cooled by utilizing the latent heat principle, and after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature, the outer cooling channel is introduced with the liquid nitrogen for continuous cooling, so that the cooling mode not only saves the liquid nitrogen consumption, but also accelerates the cooling speed.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that numerous modifications and adaptations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor is characterized by comprising a framework, a superconductor, a metal covering layer, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a protective shell which are arranged from inside to outside; wherein:
the framework is a hollow metal framework, and an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel are formed in the hollow part of the framework along the axial direction; a plurality of channel grooves which are longitudinally and spirally integrated are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the framework at intervals along the circumference;
superconductors are stacked in each channel slot, and a metal covering layer is covered on the superconductors in each channel slot; the superconductor comprises a superconducting tape which is made of high-temperature superconducting materials;
the insulating layer is wound on the outer surface of the framework covered with the metal covering layer;
a shielding layer is arranged on the outer surface of the insulating layer, and one end or two ends of the shielding layer are grounded;
a protective shell is arranged outside the shielding layer;
the hollow part of the framework is provided with an axial channel pipe, an inner cooling channel is formed inside the channel pipe, and an outer cooling channel is formed between the outer wall of the channel pipe and the inner wall of the framework; a plurality of small holes are formed in the pipe wall of the channel pipe, and the small holes are communicated with the inner cooling channel and the outer cooling channel;
the outer cooling channel is a unidirectional circulation channel, and the refrigerant is injected from one end of the outer cooling channel and then flows out from the other end of the outer cooling channel;
when the cooling device is used, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner cooling channel for pre-cooling, at the moment, the liquid nitrogen can spray nitrogen to the outer cooling channel through the small holes, the outer cooling channel is cooled, and after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature, the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the outer cooling channel for continuous cooling.
2. The quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor of claim 1 wherein the plurality of channel slots are rectangular in cross section, each channel slot containing a plurality of superconductors arranged geometrically symmetrically about a center, each superconductor comprising a plurality of stacked superconducting tapes.
3. The quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor of claim 2 wherein two adjacent superconductors in each channel are perpendicular to each other.
4. A quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor as claimed in claim 3 wherein 5 channel slots are provided in the former, each channel slot containing 4 strands of superconductors.
5. A quasi-isotropic high current carrying superconducting cable conductor as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4 wherein the outer surface of the metal cover layer is arcuate.
CN201811563699.7A 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable conductor Active CN109637739B (en)

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PCT/CN2019/074672 WO2020124757A1 (en) 2018-12-20 2019-02-03 Current-carrying conductor for quasi-isotropic high current-carrying superconducting cable

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